207 lines
21 KiB
XML
207 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30d1c76a-41e1-4f66-9fb5-460bf381f752" ID-PMC="PMC5711039" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-700-1" ID-PubMed="29358897" ID-ZBK="EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-700-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 700" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" checkinTime="1506009303549" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Heterick, Brian E., Castalanelli, Mark & Shattuck, Steve O." docDate="2017" docId="94D0317D82A66570F356A336E9A45160" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 700: 1-420" docOrigin="ZooKeys 700" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784" docTitle="Melophorus lissotriches Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="71415F18-A8CC-4DB3-B486-FCF8016F7E9D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="175" masterDocId="FF93E60CA711CB7BFF95D521FFFDFF9A" masterDocTitle="Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="420" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="172" updateTime="1668164819442" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Revision of the ant genus Melophorus (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Heterick, Brian E.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Castalanelli, Mark</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Shattuck, Steve O.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>700</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>420</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.700.11784</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-700-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">EBA4322720AD4CFFA04E8D2542DDA3D6</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="150814478" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:71415F18-A8CC-4DB3-B486-FCF8016F7E9D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/94D0317D82A66570F356A336E9A45160" lastPageId="174" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/71415F18-A8CC-4DB3-B486-FCF8016F7E9D" authority="Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus lissotriches" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lissotriches">Melophorus lissotriches Heterick, Castalanelli & Shattuck</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="171" pageNumber="172">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="types">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Types.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
Holotype minor worker (bottom ant) from St George ('Saint
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="George’">George'</normalizedToken>
|
||
-sic), Queensland, 23 January 1966, B.B. Lowery, sav. Woodland, ANIC Ants Vial 20.214 [ANIC32-900148] (ANIC). Paratypes: Major and minor worker on same pin and with same details as holotype (ANIC); major and minor worker from 10 km E of Mt Ive HS, Gawler Ranges, South Australia, 2 October 1980, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
Greenslade, A2 SA (BMNH); 3 minor workers from 12 km E of Emu, Victoria Desert, South Australia, 5-10 October 1976, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
Greenslade,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Casuarinaceae" genus="Casuarina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Casuarina" order="Fagales" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Casuarina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MCZ); 2 minor workers from Koonamore, South Australia, 24-27 February 1973, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
Greenslade, pitfall traps, 2) [ANIC32-900131] (MCZ); minor worker from Chandlers Breakaway, Western Australia, 16 September 1988, B. Heterick, soil, native vegetation, rural environment, 452, 8MelBH33 (SAM); 2 major workers and a minor worker from Black Swan Mine
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-30.466667">30°28'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="121.71667">121°43'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, Western Australia, 11 December 2003-5 January 2004, P. Langlands/J. Osborne; Site data C2:5 [JDM32-004807] (WAM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Other material examined.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
|
||
New South Wales: 40 km NNW Louth, Lake Mere (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Bogan River (Armstrong, J.), Callubri Station, 2 mi from homestead (Greaves, T.), CSIRO Lake Mere Field Station, near Louth (Bryannah,
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Northern Territory: 25 km N Alice Springs (Shattuck, S.O.), Kunoth Paddock, near Alice Springs (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Manbulloo, SW Katherine (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Manbulloo, SW Katherine (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
), nr Limbunya turnoff (Heterick, B.E. [M226]), Tanami (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Queensland:
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Gumbardo’">'Gumbardo'</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Beutel, T.),
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘Merigol’">'Merigol'</normalizedToken>
|
||
(Beutel, T.), 75 km E Cunnamulla (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
), St. George (Lowery, B.B.), St. George (Lowery, B.B.), St. George (Lowery, B.B.). South Australia: 10 km E Mt Ive Homestead, Gawler Ranges (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
), 50 km E Vokes Hill, Victoria Desert (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
), Observatory Hill, Victoria Desert (Greenslade, P.J.
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="M." lsidName="M." pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="genus">M.</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Western Australia: Mulga, NE Goldfields (Pringle, H.J.R. [ANIC32-029567]).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="173" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="172" pageNumber="173" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus lissotriches" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lissotriches">Melophorus lissotriches</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be placed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. biroi" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="biroi">M. biroi</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group on the basis of characters of the clypeus, propodeum, mandible and palps. The species is also placed in the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. mjobergi" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="mjobergi">M. mjobergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade but differs from the most derived species in that the major and media workers do not have the deeply recessed area around the frontal carinae and medial sector of clypeus or the impressed setae-bearing sockets visible in the heads of major and media workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. mjobergi" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="mjobergi">M. mjobergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. postlei" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="postlei">M. postlei</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. compactus" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="compactus">M. compactus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.Minor and major workers of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lissotriches" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="lissotriches">M. lissotriches</taxonomicName>
|
||
are clothed with fine, appressed silvery setae that form pubescence in the minor worker, at least, in conjunction with multiple scattered, modified erect setae (the modified setae varying from distally slightly flattened to clavate) on the head, mesosoma and gaster. This species can only be confused with its near relation,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. graciliceps" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="graciliceps">M. graciliceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differs in having, in full-face view, the eye of the minor worker moderately convex and bulging well beyond the outline of head capsule. In profile, the mesosoma of the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. lissotriches" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="lissotriches">M. lissotriches</taxonomicName>
|
||
minor worker is sinuous, the mesonotum dipping towards its junction with the propodeum and forming a weak v-shaped notch. The frontal carinae of major worker is straight or weakly convex (concave in the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. graciliceps" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" rank="species" species="graciliceps">M. graciliceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
major worker), and the cuticle of the major worker head is matt or weakly shining and minutely pitted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="172" pageNumber="173" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="172" pageNumber="173">Minor worker description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="172" pageNumber="173">
|
||
Head. Head rectangular; posterior margin of head strongly convex; frons shining with indistinct microsculpture that is most pronounced on lower surfaces; frons consisting of appressed pubescence, with many short, unmodified, erect setae. Eye moderate (eye length 0.20-0.49 length of side of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set above midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set around midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical or slightly reniform. In full-face view, frontal carinae concave; frontal lobes straight in front of antennal insertion. Anteromedial clypeal margin broadly and evenly convex; clypeal psammophore set at or just above anterior clypeal margin; palp formula 6,4. Five mandibular teeth in minor worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth and teeth numbers two and four; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately vertical or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron moderately shining and shagreenate throughout; anterior mesosoma in profile broadly convex; appearance of erect pronotal setae short and often expanded distally, at times clavate; in profile, metanotal groove shallow, broadly V or U-shaped; propodeum shining and shagreenate; propodeum angulate, propodeal angle blunt; length ratio of propodeal dorsum to its declivity between 1:1 and 1:2; erect propodeal setae present and sparse to moderate (1-12); appressed propodeal setulae long and closely aligned, creating pubescence; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and longer (length ≥ 0.50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
height of propodeum). Petiole. In profile, petiolar node rectangular, vertex blunt, directed posteriad; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node uniformly rounded; node shining and distinctly shagreenate-microreticulate. Gaster. Gaster weakly shining with indistinct shagreenation; pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting of thick, appressed setae that form pubescence, interspersed with numerous short, bristly, erect setae. General characters. Colour honey-brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="173" pageNumber="174" start="start">Major</pageBreakToken>
|
||
worker description.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
Head. Head quadrate (i.e., heart-shaped); posterior margin of head weakly concave; cuticle of frons matt or with weak sheen, indistinctly shagreenate; pilosity of frons a mixture of many short, erect, bristly setae interspersed with regularly spaced appressed setae. Eye small (eye length less than 0.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of head capsule); in full-face view, eyes set above midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of midline of head capsule; eyes elliptical. In full-face view, frontal carinae weakly convex; frontal lobes curved toward antennal insertion. Anterior clypeal margin broadly convex with anteromedial dimple; clypeal psammophore set at or above midpoint of clypeus; palp formula 6,4. Five mandibular teeth in major worker; mandibles triangular, weakly incurved; third mandibular tooth distinctly shorter than apical tooth and teeth numbers two and four; masticatory margin of mandibles approximately aligned vertically or weakly oblique. Mesosoma. Integument of pronotum, mesonotum and mesopleuron shining with indistinct microsculpture that is most pronounced on lower surfaces; anterior mesosoma in profile pronotum smoothly rounded anteriad and flattened posteriad, mesonotum narrowly convex; erect pronotal setae short and often expanded distally, at times clavate; in profile, metanotal groove shallow, broadly V- or U-shaped; propodeum shining and shagreenate; propodeum always smoothly rounded; propodeal dorsum and declivity confluent; erect propodeal setae present and abundant (at least a dozen); appressed propodeal setae long and closely aligned, creating pubescence; propodeal spiracle situated on or beside declivitous face of propodeum, and longer (length ≥ 0.50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
height of propodeum). In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, shape of petiolar node uniformly rounded, or generally rounded with median indentation; node shining and faintly shagreenate-microreticulate. Petiole. In profile, petiolar node squamiform; in full-face view, petiolar node generally rounded with median indentation or hollow; appearance of node shining and smooth with vestigial microreticulation. Gaster. Gaster weakly shining with indistinct shagreenation; pilosity of first gastral tergite consisting of short, bristly, erect setae over well-spaced, short, appressed setae. General characters. Colour of foreparts orange, gaster tawny-brown with more orange towards the sclerite margins.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Measurements.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Worker (n = 6): CI 89-105; EI 16-29; EL 0.17-0.26; HL 0.68-1.51; HW 0.60-1.58; ML 1.01-1.84; MTL 0.92-1.11; PpH 0.10-0.14; PpL 0.44-0.78; SI 62-173; SL 0.98-1.04.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="174" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus lissotriches" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lissotriches">Melophorus lissotriches</taxonomicName>
|
||
closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. graciliceps" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" rank="species" species="graciliceps">M. graciliceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
but can be recognized by the different profile and more bulbous eyes (minor worker) and the matt or weakly shining head with its straight or weakly convex frontal carinae (major worker).
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus lissotriches" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lissotriches">Melophorus lissotriches</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs widely in Australia and occupies the same sort of arid and semi-arid habitat as
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. graciliceps" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" rank="species" species="graciliceps">M. graciliceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but has a generally more northerly distribution and does not appear to occur in Victoria. Restricted sequencing (three genes) confirms its position in the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. mjobergi" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" rank="species" species="mjobergi">M. mjobergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
clade and the mtDNA sequence places it close to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. graciliceps" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" rank="species" species="graciliceps">M. graciliceps</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="174" lastPageNumber="175" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
|
||
This species has been taken on several different types of soils (notably, red soil and brown soil plain) and vegetation zones (box-pine scrub, savanna woodland and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Callitris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Callitris" order="Pinales" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Callitris</taxonomicName>
|
||
woodland are mentioned on labels). The species has also been collected from a paddock. The ant is active at very high temperatures: five workers were collected by B. B. Lowery
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="174" pageNumber="175" start="start">at</pageBreakToken>
|
||
3.30pm when the temperature was 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40 degrees Celsius). He remarked that these foragers moved very fast and resembled pale
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Iridomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Iridomyrmex" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Iridomyrmex</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="174" pageNumber="175" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="174" pageNumber="175">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
|
||
Greek lissos (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘smooth’">'smooth'</normalizedToken>
|
||
,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘polished’">'polished'</normalizedToken>
|
||
) plus pl. of trichos (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘hair’">'hair'</normalizedToken>
|
||
); noun in the nominative plural standing in apposition to the generic name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
|
||
Figure 39.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Melophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melophorus lissotriches" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lissotriches">Melophorus lissotriches</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n.: major worker paratype (ANIC32-900148-top ant) frons (a), profile (b) and dorsum (c); minor worker holotype (ANIC32-900148-bottom ant) frons (d), profile (e) and dorsum (f); distribution map for the species (g). Low resolution scale bars: 1 mm (b, c); 0.5 mm (a,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d–f">d-f</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |