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<document id="09945735F756D5AFB49AB1E93C8ABE56" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4257.1.1SLASH10889" ID-CLB-Dataset="33173" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.556874" ID-GBIF-Dataset="90f99d44-c68c-4602-90f1-2802409db73d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="556874" ID-ZooBank="98E19676-EC03-4026-B4B6-39BEC10B5A05" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1493020839851" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Diškus, Arūnas, Remeikis, Andrius, Karsholt, Ole &amp; Torres, Nixon Cumbicus" docDate="2017" docId="90078570FF832A0CFF075FC08D20FDD3" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4257.1.1SLASH10889.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4257 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Stigmella inca Diskus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="19" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="6C3EFD08FFA52A24FF905C458971FFB3" masterDocTitle="Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia)" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1698439017300" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="269FFD1C2F2C5C8A08AC916D3044E121" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="7786A4DB6E0478A2B1FACF52DEFEB126">
<mods:title id="EBDCB3B53AC72D312E75E707AB7B8986">Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="FD5FEE39320D645C66C7C700DCB23EC0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4B9508A3C9A0CF341FBD11B5F2E2737B">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9FB1D587DF41B3A7A8F90F40D0141557">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="03D19B3D5882595D86CA062D23764151" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D5F1C3723C3576E589FCE3C0B903BFE5">
<mods:roleTerm id="6E7947DA34B7AB88E19F3C6C6C31212B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="26B48F87F7DF7316EB64E232371E6264">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="64ECF0A3A1C5848BD433B4E37E0BB4D4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="43BC01597BF73D8648508E0AA65C929F">
<mods:roleTerm id="11637BC70A014C5748F13EFE20615739">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="07FD67F092A16BD5654E3AB00D2C0614">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0BDCD60743108D468578502DB426C787" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F169B29178383DF72D98CDF90E47E934">
<mods:roleTerm id="C84F2532AFD46F64A05781B0C704DC53">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EDC87A2B21AD0A048F8E4A8E3568C1B4">Karsholt, Ole</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3463CDD0078CDC0F1A8B60DAF9E99058" type="personal">
<mods:role id="438C9084289386E8B17807491FE7C8F3">
<mods:roleTerm id="6DA88107530806EB15C416CEDBF2F5C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9FACEA150DCE52DB178BB8884237EB76">Torres, Nixon Cumbicus</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B954C7B1F1115925E069ACA49ABDDD1D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="FDC6C44DB1FCC70D1B8FFB3066DADC68">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="83FC003D61EC801DA5B0445BBD3AA5D2">
<mods:date id="51416DF6A060343CD3663C19DF8D49F1">2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9284DAF53F6E5D04EDAAD020C6FC540F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7CF1CB7D3FD77A1FF81770D4E20DE370">4257</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="9C9C6D674F994879202CEF10C003A4CF" type="issue">
<mods:number id="03D6575A3C77B8BE7003FF7161F76CF8">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A3F5B2A30D2EDEBF2626B46B61AF3D43">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="5BD53815FE8E6349836C723EAFAC9402">70</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="634755D7F0F0FEB184FA95AC1E22ACB0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2E449DDA466C7B939AC2F3F6504A3489" type="CLB-Dataset">33173</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="09BA445ACA80C823AA97AF7CDF5E9162" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.556874</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3D1CC2A4C6F84DBFC85636F3559D8F2D" type="GBIF-Dataset">90f99d44-c68c-4602-90f1-2802409db73d</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="512FD7A5CBE4C19E2F2140646F1B356C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="FFCBE50F22ADD37B4881A15FD6805CFF" type="Zenodo-Dep">556874</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="90078570FF832A0CFF075FC08D20FDD3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6035954" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128697118" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6035954" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90078570FF832A0CFF075FC08D20FDD3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/90078570FF832A0CFF075FC08D20FDD3" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF832A02FF075FC08BD8FC2C" box="[151,681,901,927]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="18113466FF832A02FF075FC08BD8FC2C" blockId="38.[151,681,901,960]" box="[151,681,901,927]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<heading id="4359830AFF832A02FF075FC08BD8FC2C" bold="true" box="[151,681,901,927]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FF075FC08BD8FC2C" bold="true" box="[151,681,901,927]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
31.
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FF535FC08B4EFC2C" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" box="[195,575,901,927]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FF535FC0881EFC2C" bold="true" box="[195,367,901,927]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Stigmella inca</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="31E9550FFF832A02FDDC5FC08BD8FC2C" box="[588,681,901,927]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF832A02FF075FE28B65FC73" box="[151,532,935,960]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="18113466FF832A02FF075FE28B65FC73" blockId="38.[151,681,901,960]" box="[151,532,935,960]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FF0F5FE28996FC73" box="[159,231,935,960]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1911,1934]" captionTargetBox="[153,1433,195,1885]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[153,1433,195,1890]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 1, high-Andean species recorded at altitudes above 3700 m (after Stonis et al. 2016 d); 2, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 3 – 8, some collecting areas in the Peruvian Andes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556875/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FF635FED8872FC73" box="[243,259,936,960]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 11" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,209,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[153,1433,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 11. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 9, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 10, 11, some collecting areas in Peru. * — Stigmella epicosma Meyrick is also known from Arica Province, northern Chile (Vargas 2011); ** – S. inca sp. nov. is also discovered in southern Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556876/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FE9F5FED8826FC73" box="[271,343,935,960]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,208,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 18. Distribution of some central Andean Nepticulidae. 12 – 14, 17, 18, habitats, Peru; 15, 16, distribution maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556877/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">12, 15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FEF35FE288F0FC73" box="[355,385,935,960]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,193,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 35. Adults of the central Andean Nepticulidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556883/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">35</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FE1D5FE288A7FC73" box="[397,470,935,960]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 71" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[152,1422,193,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[152,1435,193,1954]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 71. Male genitalia of Stigmella inca Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 725 (ZMUC); 65, general view; 66, phallus; 67, 69 – 71 capsule; 68, valva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556891/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">65–71</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FE715FE28B7DFC73" box="[481,524,935,960]" captionStart="FIGURES 104 – 107" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[153,1433,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 104 – 107. Female genitalia of new Stigmella species. 104, S. acalyphae Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD 756; 105, S. inca Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD 762; 106, S. coronaria Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD 769; 107, same, genitalia slide no. AD 771 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556903/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">105</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF832A02FF075FAA8AC0FB2B" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="18113466FF832A02FF075FAA8AC0FB2B" blockId="38.[151,1437,1007,2005]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<materialsCitation id="A8C63E3BFF832A02FF075FAA8BE5FBE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688668" collectingDate="2008-10-29" collectingDateMax="2008-11" collectingDateMin="2008-10-29" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="A. Diskus" country="Peru" elevation="2510" location="Huamanga Province" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="756" specimenCount-male="756" stateProvince="Ayacucho" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FF075FAA883AFBBB" bold="true" box="[151,331,1007,1032]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<typeStatus id="C7158AC4FF832A02FF075FAA89A3FBBB" box="[151,210,1007,1032]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="C7158AC4FF832A02FEC85FAA88B4FBBB" box="[344,453,1007,1032]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="0EA8FFEFFF832A02FE455FB5889DFBB4" box="[469,492,1008,1031]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FF832A02FE6E5FB58B3BFBB4" box="[510,586,1008,1031]" name="Peru" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">PERU</collectingCountry>
:
<location id="1D7162BDFF832A02FDCB5FB58A39FBBB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90078570FF832A0CFF075FC08D20FDD3:1D7162BDFF832A02FDCB5FB58A39FBBB" box="[603,840,1007,1032]" country="Peru" name="Huamanga Province" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" stateProvince="Ayacucho">Huamanga Province</location>
,
<quantity id="DF569983FF832A02FCC95FB58AE9FBBB" box="[857,920,1007,1032]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
East of
<collectingRegion id="DA6AFA84FF832A02FB975FAA8D07FBBB" box="[1031,1142,1007,1032]" country="Peru" name="Ayacucho" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ayacucho</collectingRegion>
(Muyurina), 13°06'52˝S, 74°11'47˝W,
<elevation id="9383D355FF832A02FEBE5851888DFB9F" box="[302,508,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.51" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2510.0">
elevation
<quantity id="DF569983FF832A02FE305851888DFB9F" box="[416,508,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.51" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="2510.0">2510 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, mining larva
<collectedFrom id="ABB2779BFF832A02FD3B58508A75FB9E" box="[683,772,1044,1069]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
on
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FD4258518A75FB9E" box="[722,772,1044,1069]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FD4258518A75FB9E" box="[722,772,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Sida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
sp.
<date id="6C1012A6FF832A02FCAB58518ADCFB9F" box="[827,941,1044,1068]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2008-10-29">
<collectingDate id="7C54EB4EFF832A02FCAB58518ADCFB9F" box="[827,941,1044,1068]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2008-10-29">29.x.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, ex pupa
<date id="6C1012A6FF832A02FBB658518D0CFB9E" box="[1062,1149,1044,1069]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2008-11">
<collectingDate id="7C54EB4EFF832A02FBB658518D0CFB9E" box="[1062,1149,1044,1069]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2008-11">xi.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, field card no. 4956,
<collectorName id="B55B51B0FF832A02FA1158518999FBE3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">A. Diškus</collectorName>
, genitalia slide no. AD
<specimenCount id="0EA8FFEFFF832A02FE7858728B57FBE3" box="[488,550,1079,1104]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">755♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="7EBFACA3FF832A02FDA4587D8BFAFBE3" box="[564,651,1080,1104]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMUC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. Paratypes: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, same label data as holotype, genitalia slides nos AD699♂, AD725♂, AD762♀ (ZMUC);
<materialsCitation id="A8C63E3BFF832A02FD1858198ADCFB2B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1457688678" collectingDate="2017-01-23" collectionCode="ZMUC" collectorName="A. Diskus" country="Ecuador" elevation="1940" location="Vilcabamba" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="18" specimenCount-female="11" specimenCount-male="7" stateProvince="Loja Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="0EA8FFEFFF832A02FD1858198BCFFBC0" box="[648,702,1116,1139]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="male">7 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="0EA8FFEFFF832A02FD4358198A65FBC0" box="[723,788,1116,1140]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="female">11 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FF832A02FCBB58198AC4FBC7" box="[811,949,1116,1140]" name="Ecuador" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="DA6AFA84FF832A02FC5A58198D04FBC7" box="[970,1141,1116,1140]" country="Ecuador" name="Loja" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Loja Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="1D7162BDFF832A02FB1958198C63FBC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:90078570FF832A0CFF075FC08D20FDD3:1D7162BDFF832A02FB1958198C63FBC7" box="[1161,1298,1116,1140]" country="Ecuador" name="Vilcabamba" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" stateProvince="Loja Province">Vilcabamba</location>
, 4°17'45˝S, 79°12'59˝W
<quantity id="DF569983FF832A02FEB658C5880CFB24" box="[294,381,1152,1176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="1940.0">
<elevation id="9383D355FF832A02FEB658C5880CFB24" box="[294,381,1152,1176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.94" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="1940.0">1940 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, larvae
<collectedFrom id="ABB2779BFF832A02FE4458C58B59FB2B" box="[468,552,1151,1176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
on
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FE67583A8B59FB2B" box="[503,552,1151,1176]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FE67583A8B59FB2B" box="[503,552,1151,1176]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Sida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
sp.
<date id="6C1012A6FF832A02FDC7583A8BB2FB2B" box="[599,707,1151,1176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-01-23">
<collectingDate id="7C54EB4EFF832A02FDC7583A8BB2FB2B" box="[599,707,1151,1176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" value="2017-01-23">23.i.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B55B51B0FF832A02FD5E58C58A4EFB2B" box="[718,831,1151,1176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">A. Diškus</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="7EBFACA3FF832A02FCDD58C58AD5FB2B" box="[845,932,1152,1176]" country="Denmark" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">ZMUC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF832A02FF5758E18DDFFAFF" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="18113466FF832A02FF5758E18DDFFAFF" blockId="38.[151,1437,1007,2005]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FF5758E18830FB0E" bold="true" box="[199,321,1188,1213]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FD9358E08B10FB0F" box="[515,609,1189,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FD9358E08B10FB0F" box="[515,609,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S. nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group. The combination of differentiated band of cornuti into clusters of size-wise different spines, short arms of transtilla, and simple shaped but broad plate of gnathos distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FEA158A8880CFAB7" box="[305,381,1261,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FEA158A8880CFAB7" box="[305,381,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S. inca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FE1558A98891FAB6" bold="true" box="[389,480,1260,1285]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="31E9550FFF832A02FE1558A98891FAB6" box="[389,480,1260,1285]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from all members of the
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FC9058A88A2BFAB7" box="[768,858,1261,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FC9058A88A2BFAB7" box="[768,858,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S. nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, including the most similar species (
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FAD358A88CEDFAB7" box="[1347,1436,1261,1284]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FAD358A88CEDFAB7" box="[1347,1436,1261,1284]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S. nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FF5959558856FA9B" box="[201,295,1295,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eiffeli">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FF5959558856FA9B" box="[201,295,1295,1320]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S. eiffeli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Externally,
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FE5459558B63FA9B" box="[452,530,1296,1320]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FE5459558B63FA9B" box="[452,530,1296,1320]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S. inca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FD8B594A8B06FA9B" bold="true" box="[539,631,1295,1320]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="31E9550FFF832A02FD8B594A8B06FA9B" box="[539,631,1295,1320]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
may be easily distinguished from the possibly most closely related
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF832A02FA17595589A5FAFF" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FA17595589A5FAFF" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">S. nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the distinctly speckled forewing and absence of grey-white scales on forewing apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF832A0CFF5759128D69FE47" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
<paragraph id="18113466FF832A02FF5759128A5CF907" blockId="38.[151,1437,1007,2005]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FF5759128875FAC3" bold="true" box="[199,260,1367,1392]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FE8459128818FAC3" box="[276,361,1367,1392]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,193,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 35. Adults of the central Andean Nepticulidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556883/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
). Forewing length 2.0–
<quantity id="DF569983FF832A02FDE3591D8BBDFADC" box="[627,716,1368,1392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
; wingspan
<quantity id="DF569983FF832A02FCDD59128AA9FADC" box="[845,984,1367,1392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="5.3" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="4.4">4.4–6.2 mm</quantity>
. Head: palpi cream to yellowish cream; frontal tuft pale beige or comprises of yellowish cream, blackish grey and brown-grey piliform scales; collar cream to yellowish cream, divided distally; scape yellowish cream; antenna longer than half the length of forewing; flagellum with 33–34 segments, dark grey-brown on upper side, grey-cream on underside. Thorax, tegula and forewing yellowish cream to pale grey, densely speckled with brown and black-brown scales; these dark scales with some or without purple iridescence; fringe cream to grey cream apically, pale grey on tornus; underside of forewing dark grey-brown, without spots. Hindwing grey to pale grey on upper side and underside, without spots or androconia; its fringe grey. Legs dark grey-brown on upper side, brownish cream on underside. Abdomen browngrey to grey on upper side, cream, glossy on underside; genital plates cream; anal tufts pale brown to grey, very distinctive and long (as long as the width abdominal apex).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18113466FF832A02FF575AFA8A13F893" blockId="38.[151,1437,1007,2005]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FF575AFA886FF96B" bold="true" box="[199,286,1727,1752]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FEA15AFA88FBF96B" box="[305,394,1727,1752]" captionStart="FIGURE 35" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,193,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,193,1817]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 35. Adults of the central Andean Nepticulidae." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556883/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
). Forewing length about
<quantity id="DF569983FF832A02FD235A858A61F964" box="[691,784,1728,1752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
; wingspan about
<quantity id="DF569983FF832A02FC705AFA8D4CF964" box="[992,1085,1727,1752]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="6.2">6.2 mm</quantity>
. Flagellum with 32 segments. Abdomen dark grey on upper side, yellowish cream on underside; ovipositor very slender; anal tufts pale grey, very distinctive and long (almost as long as the length of ovipositor).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18113466FF832A02FF575B698C6CF866" blockId="38.[151,1437,1007,2005]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF832A02FF575B698803F8F6" bold="true" box="[199,370,1836,1861]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FE115B698B74F8F6" box="[385,517,1836,1861]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 71" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[152,1422,193,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[152,1435,193,1954]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 71. Male genitalia of Stigmella inca Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 725 (ZMUC); 65, general view; 66, phallus; 67, 69 – 71 capsule; 68, valva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556891/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Figs 65–71</figureCitation>
). Capsule significantly longer (285–290 µm) than wide (165 µm). Uncus bilobed. Gnathos with one large caudal process and simple shaped plate. Valva 185–190 µm long, 40–45 µm wide, with two slender and sharp apical processes; transtilla with very short arms and without sublateral processes. Juxta membranous. Vinculum with small pointed lateral lobes, and short ventral plate. Phallus (
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF832A02FB355BDD8D88F802" box="[1189,1273,1944,1969]" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 71" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1975,1998]" captionTargetBox="[152,1422,193,1941]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[152,1435,193,1954]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 71. Male genitalia of Stigmella inca Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. AD 725 (ZMUC); 65, general view; 66, phallus; 67, 69 – 71 capsule; 68, valva." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556891/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 66</figureCitation>
) 325–350 µm long, 80–95 µm wide; vesica with few clusters of size-wise different cornuti gathered into a large band.
</paragraph>
<caption id="4CD164EEFF822A03FF075BF28B80F85F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556891/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" targetBox="[152,1422,193,1941]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="18113466FF822A03FF075BF28B80F85F" blockId="39.[151,1436,1975,2028]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF822A03FF075BF28824F87E" bold="true" box="[151,341,1975,1998]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURES 65–71.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF822A03FD845BFD8A29F87D" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" box="[532,856,1976,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF822A03FD845BFD8B02F87D" box="[532,627,1976,1998]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Stigmella</emphasis>
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF822A03FDEA5BFC8BD7F87D" box="[634,678,1977,1998]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">inca</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF822A03FCF45BFD8AC7F87E" bold="true" box="[868,950,1976,1997]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="31E9550FFF822A03FCF45BFD8AC7F87E" box="[868,950,1976,1997]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD725 (ZMUC); 65, general view; 66, phallus; 67, 69–71 capsule; 68, valva.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="18113466FF8D2A0CFF575CD28B2AFEF3" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF8D2A0CFF575CD288FFFF03" bold="true" box="[199,398,151,176]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF8D2A0CFE0F5CD28B72FF03" box="[415,515,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 104 – 107" captionStartId="56.[151,264,1952,1975]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@56.[153,1433,193,1931]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURES 104 – 107. Female genitalia of new Stigmella species. 104, S. acalyphae Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD 756; 105, S. inca Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD 762; 106, S. coronaria Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. AD 769; 107, same, genitalia slide no. AD 771 (ZMUC)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556903/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 105</figureCitation>
). Total length 915 µm. Anterior and posterior apophyses almost equal in lenght; anterior apophyses blunt distally; posterior apophyses very slender. Vestibulum narrow, without sclerites. Corpus bursae with long folded distal part and large, 290 µm long, 310 µm wide basal part; pectinations comb-like; signa absent. Accessory sac very large, heavily folded; ductus spermathecae with 0.5 convolution. Abdominal apex tapered into long and slender ovipositor.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18113466FF8D2A0CFF575D098D69FE47" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF8D2A0CFF575D098832FED6" bold="true" box="[199,323,332,357]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Bionomics</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF8D2A0CFEC35D098882FED6" box="[339,499,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 126 – 130" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,196,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[153,1433,193,1867]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 126 – 130. Stigmella inca Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 126, host-plant, Sida spp.; 127, 128, leaf-mines from Peru; 129, 130, leaf-mines from southern Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556908/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs 126–130</figureCitation>
). Larva mines in leaves of
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF8D2A0CFCB45D098A27FED6" box="[804,854,332,357]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sida" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostraca" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF8D2A0CFCB45D098A27FED6" box="[804,854,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Sida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
L. (
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF8D2A0CFC155D098D75FED6" box="[901,1028,332,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF8D2A0CFB9F5D098DE4FED6" box="[1039,1173,332,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Malvoideae">Malvoideae</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF8D2A0CFB3D5D098C61FED6" box="[1197,1296,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 126 – 130" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,196,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[153,1433,193,1867]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 126 – 130. Stigmella inca Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 126, host-plant, Sida spp.; 127, 128, leaf-mines from Peru; 129, 130, leaf-mines from southern Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556908/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Fig. 126</figureCitation>
). Larva pale to greenish yellow, with indistinctive intestine and brown head; mines in October. Leaf-mine (
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF8D2A0CFB265D2A8C23FE3B" box="[1206,1362,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURES 126 – 130" captionStartId="64.[151,264,1887,1910]" captionTargetBox="[158,1426,196,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@64.[153,1433,193,1867]" captionTargetPageId="64" captionText="FIGURES 126 – 130. Stigmella inca Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 126, host-plant, Sida spp.; 127, 128, leaf-mines from Peru; 129, 130, leaf-mines from southern Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556908/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs 127–130</figureCitation>
) starts as very slender sinuous gallery with a wide, sometimes interrupted central line of black frass; then gallery abruptly widens to a blotch with irregularly scattered brown-black or green-black frass. Larval exit slit on upper side of the leaf. Cocoon brownish white; length 2.6–3.0 mm, maximum width
<quantity id="DF569983FF8D2A0CFC1A5D998D65FE47" box="[906,1044,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.4 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF8D2A0CFF575DBA8A34FD8E" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="18113466FF8D2A0CFF575DBA8A34FD8E" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF8D2A0CFF575DBA8828FDAB" bold="true" box="[199,345,511,536]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF8D2A0CFEE05DBA88B0FDAB" box="[368,449,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 11" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1932,1955]" captionTargetBox="[172,1411,209,1896]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[153,1433,193,1911]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 11. Distribution of the central Andean Nepticulidae. 9, species recorded at altitudes below 3700 m; 10, 11, some collecting areas in Peru. * — Stigmella epicosma Meyrick is also known from Arica Province, northern Chile (Vargas 2011); ** – S. inca sp. nov. is also discovered in southern Ecuador." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556876/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF8D2A0CFE465DBA8884FDAB" box="[470,501,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,208,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 18. Distribution of some central Andean Nepticulidae. 12 – 14, 17, 18, habitats, Peru; 15, 16, distribution maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556877/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">15</figureCitation>
). This species occurs in the Andes (southern
<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FF8D2A0CFBA35DBA8DE1FDAB" box="[1075,1168,511,536]" name="Ecuador" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="60B974F6FF8D2A0CFB485E458C61FDA4" box="[1240,1296,512,535]" name="Peru" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Peru</collectingCountry>
: Huamanga Departamento) at altitudes about
<quantity id="DF569983FF8D2A0CFD9C5E618BD6FD8F" box="[524,679,548,573]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.94" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="2220.0" valueMax="2500.0" valueMin="1940.0">1940–2500 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="809528E3FF8D2A0CFD265E618A49FD8E" box="[694,824,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 12 – 18" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1922,1945]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,208,1900]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1901]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 12 – 18. Distribution of some central Andean Nepticulidae. 12 – 14, 17, 18, habitats, Peru; 15, 16, distribution maps." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/556877/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Figs 12, 15</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="50B467EDFF8D2A0CFF575E028D20FDD3" box="[199,1105,583,608]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="18113466FF8D2A0CFF575E028D20FDD3" blockId="40.[151,1436,151,608]" box="[199,1105,583,608]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="2ADAE874FF8D2A0CFF575E02883FFDD3" bold="true" box="[199,334,583,608]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named after the
<taxonomicName id="DFAE4FE5FF8D2A0CFD245E0D8B95FDEC" box="[692,740,584,607]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inca">Inca</taxonomicName>
people, the Andean civilization.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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