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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.44.4495" ID-GBIF-Dataset="db48cf99-6ee5-428e-9758-c90dd73ca60b" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-44-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5D36FFFAFFB61E09FC6CFF94C650FFB2" ID-ZBK="9B744E78579D46BAB4D6CC8108E699E4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575038" ID-ZooBank="9B744E78579D46BAB4D6CC8108E699E4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1314-2607-44-1" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 44" ModsDocTitle="Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) of Thailand, other southeastern Asian records, and a new Trigonalys from India" checkinTime="1451252197031" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Smith, David R. &amp; Tripotin, Pierre" docDate="2015" docId="6E53BFBC921BFA30969905B3D15630F5" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 44: 1-18" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 44" docPubDate="2015-06-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.44.4495" docTitle="Trigonalys india Smith 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="B7033A5B-6F42-43DF-A715-2A33DB4DC716" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="5D36FFFAFFB61E09FC6CFF94C650FFB2" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="5D36FFFAFFB61E09FC6CFF94C650FFB2" masterDocTitle="Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) of Thailand, other southeastern Asian records, and a new Trigonalys from India" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1678748491805" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) of Thailand, other southeastern Asian records, and a new Trigonalys from India</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Smith, David R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sawfly2@aol.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tripotin, Pierre</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2015-06-11</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>44</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>18</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.44.4495</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.44.4495</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-44-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9B744E78579D46BAB4D6CC8108E699E4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">575038</mods:identifier>
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<subSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="results">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152018073" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B7033A5B-6F42-43DF-A715-2A33DB4DC716" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E53BFBC921BFA30969905B3D15630F5" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/B7033A5B-6F42-43DF-A715-2A33DB4DC716" authority="Smith" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys india" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="india" status="sp. n.">Trigonalys india Smith</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 2427" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 24 - 27. Trigonalys lindia, holotype female. 24 Lateral 25 Head, front 26 Apex of metasoma, ventral, showing projection on third sternite 27 Metasoma, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.44.4495.figures24-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/45021" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs 24-27</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName authority="Smith &amp; Tripotin, 2015" authorityName="Smith &amp; Tripotin" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris" status="sp. n.">Trigonalys rufiventris</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="35 - 76" publicationUrl="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" refId="B5" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, LS, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 70 (misidentification).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Female. Length 8.0 mm. Head black; clypeus and mandibles yellowish except apex of mandible black. Mesosoma black with yellow spot on dorsoposerior pronotum. Legs black with following yellow: apices of coxae, trochanters, extreme bases of femora, apical third of fore femur, outer surfaces of tibiae. Metasoma orange with first segment, and central area of sterna 2 and 3 black. Basal half of wings hyaline, somewhat darkly infuscated at center and apex; veins and stigma black. Head and body with silvery hairs. Head smooth, shiny with very few scattered fine punctures; mesosoma and metasoma uniformly finely punctate. Antenna long, filiform, with 25-26 antennomeres, 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
head width. Malar space narrow, slightly less than diameter of an ocellus. Eyes small, round, inner margins not converging below; lower interocular distance about 1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
eye height. Lower frons between antennae shelflike or ledgelike, overhanging supraclypeal area. Distance between toruli about equal to distance be
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">tween</pageBreakToken>
torulus and inner margin of eye. Occipital carina narrow, less than half diameter of an ocellus. Medio-apical process at apex of sternite 3, flangelike, directed backward apically, quadrate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Male. Length, 7.8 mm. Color similar to female but metasoma mostly black, to darky reddish mostly at base of second tergite. Tyloids present on antennomeres 12-16, round, shiny, diminishing in size toward antennomere 16.</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="961257" doi="10.3897/JHR.44.4495.figures24-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/45021" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="Figures 2427" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figures 24-27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys lindia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lindia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Trigonalys lindia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, holotype female.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">24</emphasis>
Lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">25</emphasis>
Head, front
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">26</emphasis>
Apex of metasoma, ventral, showing projection on third sternite
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">27</emphasis>
Metasoma, lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Holotype, female, labeled &quot;Nilgiri Hills, Singara, 3400', So. India, V-48, P. S. Nathan&quot; (MCZ). Paratypes: Same data as for holotype (1 ♀, MCZ); Jabalpur, central India, Sep. 1957, 1600 ft., P. S. Nathan (1 ♀, 1 ♂, OSAC) (female with head missing).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Named after the country of origin, a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
These are the specimens examined and identified as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith &amp; Tripotin" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys rufiventris" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Trigonalys rufiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Magretti) by
<bibRefCitation author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="35 - 76" publicationUrl="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" refId="B5" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, LS, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey (1998)</bibRefCitation>
. Generic characters place them in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Trigonalys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and, although similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. rufiventris" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rank="species" species="rufiventris">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">L. rufiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in color, they differ by the placement of the occipital carina, overhanging shelflike interantennal area, presence of tyloids on the antenna of the male, and a medio-apical process on the third sternite of the female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Most species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Trigonalys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are Neotropical and Ethiopian. Only one species is recorded from Asia,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lachrynosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lachrynosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. lachrynosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Westwood, 1874, described from Mindanao, Philippines. We have examined one female of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. lachrynosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lachrynosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. lachrynosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from &quot;Surigao, Mindanao&quot; in the USNM, identical to
<normalizedToken originalValue="Westwoods">Westwood's</normalizedToken>
illustration (1874, plate 23, fig. 5), the same specimen examined by
<bibRefCitation author="Carmean, D" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="35 - 76" publicationUrl="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" refId="B5" refString="Carmean, D, Kimsey, LS, 1998. Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 23: 35 - 76, DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" title="Phylogenetic revision of the parasitoid wasp family Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera)." url="10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00042.x" volume="23" year="1998">Carmean and Kimsey (1998)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Trigonalidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys lachrynosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lachrynosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Trigonalys lachrynosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is almost entirely black with small yellow spots on the mesosoma. We know of no other species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Westwood" authorityYear="1835" class="Insecta" family="Trigonalidae" genus="Trigonalys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trigonalys" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Trigonalys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the color combination of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. india" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="india">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">T. india</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- the mostly black head, mesosoma, and legs and a mostly reddish metasoma.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>