234 lines
22 KiB
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234 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.7750" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e336ce46-7b19-401a-813c-fd064da2f186" ID-PMC="PMC4926702" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-594-111" ID-PubMed="27408561" ID-ZBK="9A0ACD45A6B64544842D22FBD499C788" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-594-111" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 594" ModsDocTitle="Caloparyphuspalaearcticus sp. n. (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), the first record for the soldier fly genus in the Palaearctic" checkinTime="1464725735698" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rozkosny, Rudolf, Hauser, Martin & Gelhaus, Jon K." docDate="2016" docId="A1B992E225FF05FDBCCC804B92862957" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 594: 111-122" docOrigin="ZooKeys 594" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.7750" docTitle="Caloparyphus palaearcticus Rozkosny, Hauser & Gelhaus, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="92DFC733-E84E-44E6-BEE7-18323D9F8247" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="118" masterDocId="FF9CFFC8FF897016ED3EFFE25606FFC6" masterDocTitle="Caloparyphuspalaearcticus sp. n. (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), the first record for the soldier fly genus in the Palaearctic" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="111" pageNumber="113" updateTime="1668163153863" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Caloparyphuspalaearcticus sp. n. (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), the first record for the soldier fly genus in the Palaearctic</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rozkosny, Rudolf</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hauser, Martin</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gelhaus, Jon K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>594</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>111</mods:start>
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<mods:end>122</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.7750</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.594.7750</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-594-111</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">9A0ACD45A6B64544842D22FBD499C788</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9A0ACD45A6B64544842D22FBD499C788</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127863288" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:92DFC733-E84E-44E6-BEE7-18323D9F8247" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A1B992E225FF05FDBCCC804B92862957" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="113" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Taxon classification Animalia Diptera Stratiomyidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="113" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/92DFC733-E84E-44E6-BEE7-18323D9F8247" authority="Rozkosny, Hauser & Gelhaus" class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">
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Caloparyphus palaearcticus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rozkošný">Rozkosny</normalizedToken>
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, Hauser & Gelhaus
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="113">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1, 2, 3-6, 7, 8, 10, 11
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="113" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="113">Holotype male (Figs 1-6), Russia: Kamchatka, okrestnosti [=environs] ESSO, lesnaja doroga [=forest road], 4.vii.2008, V. Mutin (label in Cyrillic) (deposited in CSCA).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype, male, habitus lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype, male, habitus dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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Figures 3-6.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. 3 Antenna 4 Epandrium 5 Genital capsule 6 Aedeagal complex.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="113">
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Paratypes: 1 male, Mongolia:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hövsgöl">Hoevsgoel</normalizedToken>
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Aimag,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hövsgöl">Hoevsgoel</normalizedToken>
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Nuur (lake), east shore area, Dalbay Gol (river) valley,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="51.027916">51°01'40.5"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.76667">100°45'60.0"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 1670 m, 22.vii.2007, D. Song (ID 263) (deposited in ANSP). 3 females, Mongolia: 3 females, Mongolia: Arkhangai Aimag, 17 km SW Tsenher, 1820m, swamp along stream, ca.
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="47.35">47°21'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="101.55">101°33'E</geoCoordinate>
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[47T 698.051 5243.562], 21.vii.2014 A.v.Eck (deposited in CSCA and USNM).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="114" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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is the only species in the genus found in the Palaearctic Region. The males can be easily distinguished from all the other species of this genus by the two distinct brownish spots of denser microtrichia on the wing membrane (Fig. 1) in the lower distal corner of the basal medial cell and in the middle at the lower margin of the discal cell. In both sexes the antennae are as long as the head (Figs 2, 7), and in the wing, vein R4 is absent and the discal cell is completely covered with microtrichia and has denser microtrichia patches in the males (Fig. 10).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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Figure 7.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. paratype, female, habitus lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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Figure 8.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. paratype, female, habitus dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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Figures 9-10.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Caloparyphus</taxonomicName>
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spp. wing. 9
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus currani" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="currani">Caloparyphus currani</taxonomicName>
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, holotype 10
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., paratype, female.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="3" pageNumber="114" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="114">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="3" pageNumber="114">
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Male. (Figs 1-6) Head: rounded, 1.3 times higher than long in profile and 1.6 times broader than high in frontal view. Compound eyes touching in middle third of frons and consisting of larger facets on greater than lower half of its surface. Distinct border between differentially large facets and smaller facets at level of antennal insertion. Ocellar triangle slightly longer than wide, prominent in lateral view. Upper frons barely twice as wide as anterior ocellus. Lower frons somewhat broader than long, predominantly shining yellow but small upper corner black. Antenna (Fig. 3) about as long as head in profile, relative length of antennal segments scape: pedicel: flagellomere 1: flagellomere 2: flagellomere 3: flagellomere 4: flagellomere 5: flagellomere 6 as 2.7: 2.5: 2.4: 1.8: 1.8: 2.4: 1:0: 2.6. Face shining black with narrow whitish lateral stripes along inner eye margin reaching yellow frontal spots and dilated in lower half of face.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="115" start="start">Proboscis</pageBreakToken>
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yellow with shining black theca, black palpus very short. Ventral part of head and postgenal area black but latter grayish dusted. Head pile mostly inconspicuous, pale yellowish to white, hairs on occipital margin black.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="118" pageId="4" pageNumber="115">
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Thorax: Shining black with two pairs of bright yellow scutal vittae. Dorsal vittae dilated in anterior third and reaching beyond transverse suture. Each lateral vitta touching yellow postpronotal callus anteriorly and transverse suture posteriorly. Also postalar callus intensively yellow, with a pointed anterior projection. Scutellum yellow but its narrow base and lateral parts black, scutellar spines yellow but blackish distally. Pleural part of thorax predominantly shining black, yellow line along upper margin of anepisternum abruptly dilated in front of wing base. Katepimeron and upper posterior part of katepisternum contrastingly yellow. Thoracic pile moderately long, mainly whitish but
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="116" start="start">black</pageBreakToken>
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and upright on scutum though similar whitish hairs on anterior part and along notopleura also visible. Wing membrane hyaline, veins brownish to pale yellow, stigma yellowish. No vein arising from discal cell reaching wing margin. Wing microtrichia considerably reduced in basal half of wing membrane, limited to small distal areas in
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="117" start="start">basal</pageBreakToken>
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radial and basal medial cells, sparse microtrichia in central area of posterior cubital cell and distal half of anal cell. Apical half of wing membrane almost completely covered with dense microtrichia but anterior cubital cell bare along upper and inner margins.
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="118" start="start">Especially</pageBreakToken>
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dense microtrichia visible at distal part of basal medial cell and along anterior lower corner of discal cell as two distinct darkened microtrichial patches (cf. Figs 1 and 2). Calypters inconspicuous, dark, with long and upright whitish hairs. Halteres yellow, only the stem darkened basally. Legs black and yellow: coxae black, femora black with yellow tips, tibiae yellow with darkened ring on mid and hind pairs, tarsi predominantly darkened, only all basitarsi yellow. Pile on legs mainly short, whitish to yellow, often predominantly black on darkened parts, pile on basal halves of femora longer.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Abdomen: About as long as broad, sub-circular, black with yellow pattern (Fig. 1), venter black. Abdominal pile short, black and mostly semi-appressed, longer hairs visible in anterior corners, yellow spots bare. Ventral hairs whitish and mostly appressed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Terminalia" order="Myrtales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Terminalia</taxonomicName>
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: Simple, without distinct modifications. Epandrium with a membranous incision before posterior corner on each side distally, proctiger subtriangular and cerci relatively short, oval (Fig. 4). Genital capsule (Fig. 5) with two rounded medial lobes distally and aedeagal complex (Fig. 6) simple, tripartite.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Length: body 6.5-6.7 mm, wing 5.7-5.8 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Female. Similar to male, except for typical sexual dimorphism. Face yellow (Fig. 11) with a dark pentagonal mark on the frons widening from the ocellar triangular towards the antennal base, and narrowing on the lower frons before reaching the antennae. Area around the mouth black, and extending laterally upwards to the eye margin beyond antennae. Lower half of eye margin with a narrow vitta of dense silver pubescence. Hairs on lower face white, and black on frons. Gena and occiput mainly yellow, black around ocellar triangle, this black area extends to the upper eye margin and is also connected to the black pentagonal mark on the frons. The yellow spot on tergite one (Fig. 8) is more extant than in the male, also the lateral spots on tergite two are larger and more rounded (Fig. 7).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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Figures 11-12.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Caloparyphus</taxonomicName>
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spp. female head. 11
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., paratype, female 12
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus currani" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="currani">Caloparyphus currani</taxonomicName>
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, holotype.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Length: body 7.9-8.0 mm, wing 6.9-7.0 mm.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="118" type="variability">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Variability.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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There are no doubts that the male holotype and paratypes are conspecific but some small differences in color pattern were found in the male paratype from Mongolia (e.g. dorsolateral vittae are separated from the yellow postpronotal calli and a spot at the katepisternum and a small yellow basal spot on the abdomen are missing). Similar variability is commonly known in many other
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" rank="tribe" tribe="Oxycerini">Oxycerini</taxonomicName>
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. Differences in color pattern between the female and male adults are noted in the description.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="118" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">The species epithet indicates the distribution of this species in the Palaearctic Region, i.e. in a different biogeographic realm in comparison with all other known species of this genus.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="118" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Eastern part of the Palaearctic Region from Mongolia to Russian Kamchatka (Fig. 14).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="118" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">Ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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The male Mongolian specimen was collected in an area of mixed steppe grassland, riparian shrubs and
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Larix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Larix siberica" order="Pinales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="siberica">Larix siberica</taxonomicName>
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forest (Fig. 13). Insects were collected visiting flowers on the south facing slope of the steppe dominated by a mixture of sedges (e.g.
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Cyperaceae" genus="Carex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Carex" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Carex</taxonomicName>
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sp.), grasses (e.g.
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Festuca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Festuca lenensis" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lenensis">Festuca lenensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Poa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Poa attenuata" order="Poales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="attenuata">Poa attenuata</taxonomicName>
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) and forbs (e.g.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Aster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aster alpinus" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alpinus">Aster alpinus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Potentilla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Potentilla" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Potentilla</taxonomicName>
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spp.,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Artemisia commutata" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="commutata">Artemisia commutata</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Thymus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thymus gobicus" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobicus">Thymus gobicus</taxonomicName>
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). Further information about the study site can be found in
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<bibRefCitation author="Song, DS" journalOrPublisher="University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania" pageId="9" pageNumber="120" title="Spatial and temporal variation in wild pollination service in the Mongolian steppe" year="2015">Song (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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Figure 13. Habitat of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. paratype, Mongolia,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hövsgöl">Hoevsgoel</normalizedToken>
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Aimag,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hövsgöl">Hoevsgoel</normalizedToken>
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Nuur (lake), Dalbay Gol (river) valley.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="118">
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Figure 14. Distribution map of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Stratiomyidae" genus="Caloparyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caloparyphus palaearcticus" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="118" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palaearcticus">Caloparyphus palaearcticus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |