159 lines
23 KiB
XML
159 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="CA714DB5750F76C1202AA7D9B816AAA0" ID-CLB-Dataset="27942" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4524.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e465c652-c873-486b-97f6-e4a6af137206" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610252" ID-ZooBank="8BCDFFAB-6070-4C01-AFC6-C39BB9080130" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553624798594" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nielsen, Gregory J. & Kaminski, Lucas A." docDate="2018" docId="2B0F87993C18171DE09FFB28FEB1B814" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4524.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4524 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Leucochimona icare subsp. icare" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="D736FFE13C0A170EE008FC0FFC3EBE1C" masterDocTitle="Immature stages of the Rubiaceae-feeding metalmark butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), and a new function for the tentacle nectary organs" masterLastPageNumber="32" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="19" updateTime="1698713846793" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="7BBB4DD862ECC0D7F973A2F6772D1789">Immature stages of the Rubiaceae-feeding metalmark butterflies (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), and a new function for the tentacle nectary organs</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6AD3F59327016C5BC6C24973FA815E7E">Nielsen, Gregory J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B4635FEEFF7505CBDCDAA079755FFA29">Kaminski, Lucas A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1180579BD09E64E1B8CDA04680308F35">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EC3A7143111CFEA623A8B3E1C550AEF6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="E6932D5386FA17FBC785A30685AFA7BA">
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<mods:date id="670A93088220C3BF528089DF1F35D8A5">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9489B8759D1A8BADB8EE97E9894E333C">2018-11-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="748DB7529AB0C54CBF0FBE1B771D9374">4524</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="CB3DF2EB108E269EFABC9FE1D4A8C4F5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FFDFC6A54A7DB95EAC6C4B84EA7086AF" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4524.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2B0F87993C18171DE09FFB28FEB1B814" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949565" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154499366" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5949565" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2B0F87993C18171DE09FFB28FEB1B814" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2B0F87993C18171DE09FFB28FEB1B814" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<subSubSection id="EBBC65043C18171DE09FFB28FDB4BF5C" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A319368F3C18171CE09FFB28FE97B95E" blockId="18.[151,681,1831,1858]" box="[151,681,1831,1858]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<heading id="F85181E33C18171CE09FFB28FE97B95E" bold="true" box="[151,681,1831,1858]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C18171CE09FFB28FE97B95E" bold="true" box="[151,681,1831,1858]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="64A64D0C3C18171CE09FFB28FDECB95D" authority="icare" box="[151,466,1831,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Leucochimona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="icare" subSpecies="icare">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C18171CE09FFB28FDECB95D" bold="true" box="[151,466,1831,1857]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Leucochimona icare icare</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Hübner, [1819])
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A319368F3C18171DE09FFB61FDB4BF5C" blockId="18.[151,1436,1902,2035]" lastBlockId="19.[151,1437,151,1545]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C18171CE09FFB61FD6AB99B" bold="true" box="[151,340,1902,1927]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Natural history.</emphasis>
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Much less abundant than
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<taxonomicName id="64A64D0C3C18171CE27EFB60FEE0B99B" authorityName="Herrich-Schäffer" authorityYear="1850" box="[630,734,1902,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Riodinidae" genus="Leucochimona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lagora">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C18171CE27EFB60FEE0B99B" box="[630,734,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">L. lagora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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at the study site in
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<collectingCountry id="DBB1761F3C18171CE3BCFB61F81BB99B" box="[948,1061,1902,1927]" name="Colombia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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, with only twelve adults recorded during a four year intensive survey (
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<date id="D718104F3C18171CE223FB9DFE91B9B7" box="[555,687,1938,1963]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" value="2012" valueMax="2015">2012–2015</date>
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). All records are from the rainy season between the months of May through September. No immature stages were found until late August, 2018 when a female was observed ovipositing on a small
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C18171CE194FBD4FE65B9EE" box="[412,603,2011,2034]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="64A64D0C3C18171CE194FBD4FE69B9EE" box="[412,599,2011,2034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Magnoliopsida" rank="species" species="poepiggiana">Ps. poepiggiana</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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This female was induced to lay 10 more eggs by confining in a glass jar with the food plant. Larvae fed on the abaxial leaf surface from instar one to four. Fifth instars fed on the adaxial (upper) surface. Predator defenses include crypsis, little and very slow movement, flicking frass pellets away from the feeding area and regurgitation. The TNOs were not observed to evert. Pupation sites were on the adaxial leaf surface along the leaf midrib near the petiole (n = 3) and the plant stem (n = 2). Duration of cycle from egg to adult was from 38-42 days.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBBC65043C19171DE0CFFD43FEB1B814" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A319368F3C19171DE0CFFD43FD43BFE9" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C19171DE0CFFD43FEBEBF79" bold="true" box="[199,640,332,357]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Description of immature stages. Egg</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="3B9D2A0A3C19171DE299FD43FECCBF79" box="[657,754,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–115" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,337,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[157,1430,337,1879]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 105–115. Immature stages of Leucochimona icare icare. 105, recently oviposited egg; 106, first instar; 107, second instar; 108, third instar; 109, fourth instar; 110–111, fifth (last) instar in dorsal (110) and ventral (111) views; 112–113, prepupa in dorsal (112) and lateral (113) views; 114, pupa in dorsal view; 115, pupa in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 105</figureCitation>
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). Embryonic development 8 days (n = 10). Diameter
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE555FD43FD3FBF9B" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="5.8999999999999995" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.575" valueMax="0.59" valueMin="0.56">0.56– 0.59 mm</quantity>
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, height
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE169FD7FFDF7BF9B" box="[353,457,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.39">0.39 mm</quantity>
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(n = 10). Pale yellow when freshly laid, spherical with a flat bottom and from the micropyle to the base, rows of 10–11 hexagon cells armed with small spines on the rib intersections. Micropylar area round, centered on top, slightly depressed. Reddish-brown mandibles of larva seen through the exochorion a day before hatching.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A319368F3C19171DE0CFFDF0FF36BC98" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C19171DE0CFFDF0FD71BC04" bold="true" box="[199,335,511,536]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">First instar</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="3B9D2A0A3C19171DE168FDF0FDFFBC04" box="[352,449,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–115" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,337,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[157,1430,337,1879]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 105–115. Immature stages of Leucochimona icare icare. 105, recently oviposited egg; 106, first instar; 107, second instar; 108, third instar; 109, fourth instar; 110–111, fifth (last) instar in dorsal (110) and ventral (111) views; 112–113, prepupa in dorsal (112) and lateral (113) views; 114, pupa in dorsal view; 115, pupa in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 106</figureCitation>
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). Duration 4 days (n = 5). Head capsule width
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE3ECFE0FF8B7BC0B" box="[996,1161,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.325" valueMax="0.34" valueMin="0.31">0.31–0.34 mm</quantity>
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(n = 5). Newly hatched larvae are approximately
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE1B0FE2BFE2CBC20" box="[440,530,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
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, maximum length
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE2EFFE2BFF7FBC20" box="[743,833,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
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. Head capsule translucent, light tan, stemmata black; body whitish but turned green from the intestinal content. A pair of dark brown dorsal setae on each abdominal segment; the lateral setae whitish. TNOs present on A8.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A319368F3C19171DE0CFFE80FDFDBCF3" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C19171DE0CFFE80FD55BCB4" bold="true" box="[199,363,655,680]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Second instar</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="3B9D2A0A3C19171DE175FE80FDE0BCB4" box="[381,478,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–115" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,337,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[157,1430,337,1879]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 105–115. Immature stages of Leucochimona icare icare. 105, recently oviposited egg; 106, first instar; 107, second instar; 108, third instar; 109, fourth instar; 110–111, fifth (last) instar in dorsal (110) and ventral (111) views; 112–113, prepupa in dorsal (112) and lateral (113) views; 114, pupa in dorsal view; 115, pupa in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 107</figureCitation>
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). Duration 3–4 days (n = 4). Head capsule width
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE416FE80F8B8BCBB" box="[1054,1158,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.51">0.51 mm</quantity>
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, newly molted larva
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE571FE9FFCFBBCD0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
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, maximum body length
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE1E9FEBBFE05BCD0" box="[481,571,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.8">3.8 mm</quantity>
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(n=2). Color pattern and morphology similar to first instar, but with more numerous and larger setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A319368F3C19171DE0CFFEF3FD94BD9C" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C19171DE0CFFEF3FD5FBD09" bold="true" box="[199,353,764,789]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Third instar.</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="3B9D2A0A3C19171DE17AFEF3FDEDBD08" box="[370,467,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–115" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,337,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[157,1430,337,1879]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 105–115. Immature stages of Leucochimona icare icare. 105, recently oviposited egg; 106, first instar; 107, second instar; 108, third instar; 109, fourth instar; 110–111, fifth (last) instar in dorsal (110) and ventral (111) views; 112–113, prepupa in dorsal (112) and lateral (113) views; 114, pupa in dorsal view; 115, pupa in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
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) Duration 4 days (n = 4). Head capsule width
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE3E7FEF3F8A9BD08" box="[1007,1175,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" metricValueMax="7.8" metricValueMin="7.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.76" valueMax="0.78" valueMin="0.74">0.74–0.78 mm</quantity>
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; initial length
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE536FEF3F9A6BD08" box="[1342,1432,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
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, maximum body length 7.0 mm (n = 4). Head light tan, body greenish with black setae dorsally and white setae laterally. Two pairs of irregular white spots on dorsal of most segments; lateral white spotting above spiracles. TNOs translucent white.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A319368F3C19171DE0CFFF83FE54BDF0" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C19171DE0CFFF83FD57BDB9" bold="true" box="[199,361,908,933]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fourth instar</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="3B9D2A0A3C19171DE171FF83FDE4BDB8" box="[377,474,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–115" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,337,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[157,1430,337,1879]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 105–115. Immature stages of Leucochimona icare icare. 105, recently oviposited egg; 106, first instar; 107, second instar; 108, third instar; 109, fourth instar; 110–111, fifth (last) instar in dorsal (110) and ventral (111) views; 112–113, prepupa in dorsal (112) and lateral (113) views; 114, pupa in dorsal view; 115, pupa in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 109</figureCitation>
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). Duration 4 days (n = 6). Head capsule width
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE3FCFF83F8A4BDB8" box="[1012,1178,908,932]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" metricValueMax="9.399999999999999" metricValueMin="8.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="0.9099999999999999" valueMax="0.94" valueMin="0.88">0.88–0.94 mm</quantity>
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, initial length
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<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE536FF83F9A6BDB8" box="[1342,1432,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
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, maximum length 9.0 mm (n = 6). Head light tan; body medium green with black setae dorsally and white setae laterally; spiracles white, enlarged on A8.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A319368F3C19171DE0CFFFF8FFCABAD9" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C19171DE0CFFFF8FDA4BA0C" bold="true" box="[199,410,1015,1040]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fifth (last) instar</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="3B9D2A0A3C19171DE1A6FFF8FE6CBA0C" box="[430,594,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–115" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,337,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[157,1430,337,1879]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 105–115. Immature stages of Leucochimona icare icare. 105, recently oviposited egg; 106, first instar; 107, second instar; 108, third instar; 109, fourth instar; 110–111, fifth (last) instar in dorsal (110) and ventral (111) views; 112–113, prepupa in dorsal (112) and lateral (113) views; 114, pupa in dorsal view; 115, pupa in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 110–113</figureCitation>
|
||
). Duration 6–7 days, 4–5 days feeding and 2 as prepupa (n = 5). Head capsule width
|
||
<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE132F813FDE1BA28" box="[314,479,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4249999999999998" metricValueMax="1.44" metricValueMin="1.41" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="1.4249999999999998" valueMax="1.44" valueMin="1.41">1.41–1.44 mm</quantity>
|
||
, light green, stemmata black. Initial body length
|
||
<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE400F813F85EBA28" box="[1032,1120,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, maximum
|
||
<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE4EEF813F973BA28" box="[1254,1357,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.71" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="17.1">17.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Dorso medium green matching leaf surface coloration, white spotting now greenish-white. Numerous small white setae scattered over dorsal and lateral (
|
||
<figureCitation id="3B9D2A0A3C19171DE20FF86BFE95BA60" box="[519,683,1124,1149]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–115" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,337,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[157,1430,337,1879]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 105–115. Immature stages of Leucochimona icare icare. 105, recently oviposited egg; 106, first instar; 107, second instar; 108, third instar; 109, fourth instar; 110–111, fifth (last) instar in dorsal (110) and ventral (111) views; 112–113, prepupa in dorsal (112) and lateral (113) views; 114, pupa in dorsal view; 115, pupa in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 112–113</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal setae separate on chalazae. Prepupa turning slightly lighter green with white spots and a maroon coloration on the dorsal of A3–A8, the lateral lobes of A1 and A4–A6 from the spiracles down also maroon. TNOs on A8 are a contrasting lighter green.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A319368F3C19171DE0CFF8C0FEB1B814" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1545]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||
<emphasis id="91D2EA9D3C19171DE0CFF8C0FD3BBAF4" bold="true" box="[199,261,1231,1256]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="3B9D2A0A3C19171DE11CF8C0FD8ABAF4" box="[276,436,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–115" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1900,1923]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,337,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[157,1430,337,1879]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 105–115. Immature stages of Leucochimona icare icare. 105, recently oviposited egg; 106, first instar; 107, second instar; 108, third instar; 109, fourth instar; 110–111, fifth (last) instar in dorsal (110) and ventral (111) views; 112–113, prepupa in dorsal (112) and lateral (113) views; 114, pupa in dorsal view; 115, pupa in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610276/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Figs. 114–115</figureCitation>
|
||
). Duration 11–12 days (n = 5). Length
|
||
<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE360F8C0FFC1BAF4" box="[872,1023,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="9.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="9.9" valueMax="10.3" valueMin="9.5">9.5–10.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, width at A2 =
|
||
<quantity id="645E9B6A3C19171DE4A2F8DFF93EBAF4" box="[1194,1280,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 5). Body color green. Eye capsules setose. Prothorax brownish-white followed by a white irregular band. Mesothorax with a pair of brownish-white tubercles. Wing pad green-black with a black spot in the discal area. Metathorax with a medial black area and two pairs of tubercles. A1 mostly green. A2 crested, anterior green, a black band anterior to the crest, crest with a gold-brown transversal band. Long whitish erect setae on the prothoracic ridge, the mesothorax tubercles and the A2 crest. Dorsal of A3–A6 maroon, each segment with a white medial spot. A4–A6 lateral area black below spiracles; spiracles white, compressed laterally, raised above surrounding tegument and with oval-shaped openings. A9 and A10 red brownish dorsally. Silk girdle passes over A2. Ventral area mostly green; A5 to A10 flattened, slightly concave.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |