318 lines
32 KiB
XML
318 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B5306D816B20FC053F833BB4DE88DD1D">On the taxonomic status of the Thai endemic freshwater snake Parahelicops boonsongi, with the erection of a new genus (Squamata: Natricidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="50AF506FD79462AB72B62A2E272B768F">David, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="916200365B40CD6B1243AF9DC0AD30FC">Pauwels, Olivier S. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E434EAB77E668697534C36017DC6285F">Nguyen, Truong Quang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4E5CA368C4FAAAE61E63ECBC852EE533">Vogel, Gernot</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C00AD1B83A5BC3A7A2CFFB1B9EFD27C1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F2F4EBD2858987A91166DE86B0408ED7">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="040FF871620F61F556D61BD23701C475">3948</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E0879F2474FFABFAD06AC8FB1FFC72" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6096902" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119610116" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6096902" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E0879F2474FFABFAD06AC8FB1FFC72" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E0879F2474FFABFAD06AC8FB1FFC72" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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<subSubSection id="C35365022474FFADFAD06AC8FEC4FE15" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFAD06AC8FCDBFE4B" blockId="3.[151,830,421,481]" box="[151,830,421,447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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<heading id="D0BE81E52474FFADFAD06AC8FCDBFE4B" bold="true" box="[151,830,421,447]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFAD06AC8FCDBFE4B" bold="true" box="[151,830,421,447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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<taxonomicName id="4C494D0A2474FFADFAD06AC8FD55FE4B" authority="Taylor & Elbel, 1958" authorityName="Taylor & Elbel" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,688,421,447]" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Isanophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boonsongi" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFAD06AC8FE77FE4B" bold="true" box="[151,402,421,447]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Isanophis boonsongi</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782474FFADFBE66AC8FD4DFE4B" author="Taylor" box="[417,680,421,447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refString="Taylor, E. H. & Elbel, R. E. (1958) Contribution to the herpetology of Thailand. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 38 (2), 1033 - 1189." type="journal article" year="1958">Taylor & Elbel, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20E57E02474FFADF8FF6AC8FCDBFE4B" box="[696,830,421,447]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFAD06AA5FEC4FE15" blockId="3.[151,830,421,481]" box="[151,289,456,481]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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(
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||
<figureCitation id="13722A0C2474FFADFAD86AA5FF38FE15" box="[159,221,456,481]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,249,1958,1980]" captionTargetBox="[411,1175,195,1933]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[411,1175,195,1933]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Isanophis boonsongi new comb., preserved holotype (FMNH 135328). From top to bottom: Dorsal view - Ventral view - Lateral view of the head and neck, left side. Photographs by Patrick David." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244095/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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A–D)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35365022474FFADFAD0697DFD96FD97" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFAD0697DFD96FD97" blockId="3.[151,1436,528,611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5911A72474FFADFAD0697DFD96FD97" infered="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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<taxonomicName id="4C494D0A2474FFADFAD0697DFD5BFDD2" authority="Taylor & Elbel, 1958: 1156" authorityName="Taylor & Elbel" authorityPageNumber="1156" authorityYear="1958" box="[151,702,528,550]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Parahelicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boonsongi">
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<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFAD0697DFE74FDD2" box="[151,401,528,550]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Parahelicops boonsongi</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AE810982474FFADFBDD697DFD5BFDD2" author="Taylor" box="[410,702,528,550]" page="1156" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" year="1958">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782474FFADFBDD697DFD9BFDD2" author="Taylor" box="[410,638,528,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refString="Taylor, E. H. & Elbel, R. E. (1958) Contribution to the herpetology of Thailand. University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 38 (2), 1033 - 1189." type="journal article" year="1958">Taylor & Elbel, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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: 1156
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, Fig. 31.
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<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADF960697DFC57FDD2" bold="true" box="[807,946,528,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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<typeStatus id="54F2882B2474FFADF960697DFCB9FDD2" box="[807,860,528,550]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Type</typeStatus>
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locality
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</emphasis>
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. Mt. Phu Nam Lang,
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<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADFED9697DFB13FDD2" box="[1182,1270,528,550]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="m" value="1780.0">1,780 m</quantity>
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, Ban Khok, Na Phung, Dan Sai District, Loei Province,
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<collectingCountry id="F35E76192474FFADF8256942FD5AFDB1" box="[610,703,559,581]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="54F2882B2474FFADF88E6942FCC9FDB1" box="[713,812,559,581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADF88E6942FCC9FDB1" bold="true" box="[713,812,559,581]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Holotype</emphasis>
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||
</typeStatus>
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||
. FMNH 135328 (originally EHT-HMS 31707), adult female; collected by Robert E. Elbel,
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<date id="FFF710492474FFADFBB56920FD8AFD97" box="[498,623,589,611]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" value="1955-06-02">2 June 1955</date>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35365022474FFADFAD069FDFDF5FC37" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFAD069FDFB56FD5D" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" box="[151,1203,656,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFAD069FDFE9CFD5D" bold="true" box="[151,377,656,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192474FFADFBC069FDFE11FD5D" box="[391,500,656,681]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFBC069FDFE11FD5D" bold="true" box="[391,500,656,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Thailand</emphasis>
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||
</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADF84569FCFD7AFD5C" box="[514,671,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Loei Province</emphasis>
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||
.
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||
<collectionCode id="ED58AE4C2474FFADF8EA69FCFD1BFD5C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[685,766,657,680]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">FMNH</collectionCode>
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135328 (
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<typeStatus id="54F2882B2474FFADF92F69FDFC35FD5D" box="[872,976,656,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
), see locality above.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA8069DEFCCFFCAC" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFA8069DEFE57FD38" bold="true" box="[199,434,691,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Additional material</emphasis>
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||
. Specimens cited by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782474FFADF8E569D9FCC6FD38" author="Cox" box="[674,803,691,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refString="Cox, M. J. (1995) Opisthotropis boonsongi (Boonsong's Stream Snake). Herpetological Review, 26 (3), 157." type="journal article" year="1995">Cox (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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||
were deposited as
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||
<collectionCode id="ED58AE4C2474FFADF9BE69D9FBA1FD38" box="[1017,1092,692,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">TNRC</collectionCode>
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||
52-3884, and
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||
<collectionCode id="ED58AE4C2474FFADFEA169D9FAD4FD38" box="[1254,1329,692,716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">TNRC</collectionCode>
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||
52-3885, both adult, unsexed specimens from Nam San Noi Stream, Phu Ruea District, Loei Province,
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<collectingCountry id="F35E76192474FFADFEED69BBFAF5FD1B" box="[1194,1296,726,751]" name="Thailand" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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||
,
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||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADFF5C69BAFA84FD1B" box="[1307,1377,727,751]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
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||
a.s.l. In spite of extensive searches made by one of us (
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||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192474FFADF8886997FD00FCE6" box="[719,741,762,786]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">O</collectingCountry>
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||
.S.G.P.) in
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<date id="FFF710492474FFADF91A6997FC14FCE6" box="[861,1009,762,786]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" value="2014-08">August 2014</date>
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, these specimens could not be traced. Nevertheless, M. J. Cox (pers. comm to PD,
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<date id="FFF710492474FFADF8DC6870FCE9FCC2" box="[667,780,797,822]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" value="2012-07">July 2012</date>
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) kindly communicated some morphological characters of these two specimens which were used in the present paper.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA80680EFDF5FC37" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
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||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFA80680EFE36FC88" bold="true" box="[199,467,867,892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Taxonomic comments.</emphasis>
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This species has been known from only the
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<typeStatus id="54F2882B2474FFADF991680EFBDDFC88" box="[982,1080,867,892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
until
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782474FFADFE3B6809FB1BFC88" author="Cox" box="[1148,1278,867,892]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refString="Cox, M. J. (1995) Opisthotropis boonsongi (Boonsong's Stream Snake). Herpetological Review, 26 (3), 157." type="journal article" year="1995">Cox (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded two additional specimens about
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADFB8868EAFDF3FC6B" box="[463,534,902,927]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
|
||
east of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F2882B2474FFADF8DF68E5FD2DFC54" box="[664,712,904,928]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. One of the specimens was depicted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782474FFADFE9868EAFA72FC6B" author="Cox" box="[1247,1431,903,927]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refString="Cox, M. J., Van Dijk, P. P., Nabhitabhata, J. & Thirakhupt, K. (1998) A photographic guide to Snake and others reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Ralph Curtis Books, Sanibel Island, Florida, 1 - 144." type="book chapter" year="1998">
|
||
Cox
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFF5368E5FAA3FC6B" box="[1300,1350,903,927]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782474FFADFAD068C7FF31FC36" author="Cox" box="[151,212,938,962]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refString="Cox, M. J., Hoover, M. F., Chanhome, L. & Thirakhupt, K. (2012) The snakes of Thailand. Chulalongkorn University Museum of Natural History, Bangkok, xx + 844 pp." type="book" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This species is monotypic.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35365022474FFADFA8068A0FABDFB87" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA8068A0FABDFB87" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFA8068A0FEA4FC12" bold="true" box="[199,321,973,998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
See above the generic characters plus: (1) large size, up to at least
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADFE7668A3FB74FC11" box="[1073,1169,974,998]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="mm" value="990.0">990 mm</quantity>
|
||
; (2) 19–19–17 DSR, all strongly keeled; (3) 29 maxillary teeth in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F2882B2474FFADF8D5689DFD12FBFD" box="[658,759,1008,1033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, the last three distinctly enlarged; (4) a long tail, with a ratio TaL / TL reaching at least 0.24; (5) 136–140 VEN, 60 SC in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F2882B2474FFADF92D6F7EFC2AFBD8" box="[874,975,1043,1068]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; (6) 8–9 SL; (7) 2 anterior temporals; (8) body uniformly dark ochre-brown (dark chestnut brown in life), somewhat paler and more beige on the lower part of the sides (dark reddish-brown); and (9) venter uniformly pale ochre-brown (pale yellowish-brown in life).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35365022474FFABFA806F10FDD1FD5A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA806F10FADFFB0B" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
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<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFA806F10FEBCFB62" bold="true" box="[199,345,1149,1174]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Body cylindrical, thick and stout; head elongate, well distinct from the neck, flattened; snout elongate, flat, broadly rounded, approximately 24 % of HL, or 1.1–1.4 times as long as the horizontal diameter of eye; nostrils placed dorsolaterally on the snout and directed obliquely upwards; eye diameter 1.5 times as large as the distance between its lower margin and the margin of the lip, with a round pupil; tail long and tapering.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA806E67FEC3FAB2" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
||
The maximal total length known is
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADF8226E67FD20FAD6" box="[613,709,1290,1314]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="mm" value="990.0">990 mm</quantity>
|
||
(SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADF9516E67FC9DFAD6" box="[790,888,1290,1315]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="mm" value="750.0">750 mm</quantity>
|
||
; TaL
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADF9FA6E67FBC5FAD6" box="[957,1056,1290,1314]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="mm" value="240.0">240 mm</quantity>
|
||
; specimen depicted in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782474FFADFF6E6E67FF37FAB2" author="Cox" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refString="Cox, M. J., Van Dijk, P. P., Nabhitabhata, J. & Thirakhupt, K. (1998) A photographic guide to Snake and others reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Ralph Curtis Books, Sanibel Island, Florida, 1 - 144." type="book chapter" year="1998">
|
||
Cox
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFF266E66FA70FAD6" box="[1377,1429,1290,1314]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782474FFADFA9A6E43FEFFFAB2" author="Cox" box="[221,282,1326,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" refString="Cox, M. J., Hoover, M. F., Chanhome, L. & Thirakhupt, K. (2012) The snakes of Thailand. Chulalongkorn University Museum of Natural History, Bangkok, xx + 844 pp." type="book" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA806E3DFA9AFA9D" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" box="[199,1407,1360,1385]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
||
Ratio TaL / TL:
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADFB396E3CFE3FFA9D" box="[382,474,1360,1385]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1468" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="in" value="0.242">0.242 in</quantity>
|
||
the only specimen with a complete tail (same specimen as above; sex unrecorded).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA806E19FB98FA78" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" box="[199,1149,1395,1420]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFA806E19FED4FA7F" box="[199,305,1396,1419]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Dentition</emphasis>
|
||
. 29–30 maxillary teeth, the last three distinctly enlarged, without diastema.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA806EF7FCD1FA21" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFA806EF7FE8AFA46" box="[199,367,1434,1458]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Body scalation</emphasis>
|
||
. DSR: 19
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFBA66EF4FE0AFA46" bold="true" box="[481,495,1433,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">–</emphasis>
|
||
19
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADF84C6EF4FDFCFA46" bold="true" box="[523,537,1433,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">–</emphasis>
|
||
17; scales notched posteriorly, strongly keeled throughout, with a thick keel; 1st DSR weakly keeled anteriorly, distinctly keeled posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA806E8DFBC4FA0D" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" box="[199,1057,1504,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
||
Scale row reductions (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F2882B2474FFADFB866E8DFDCFFA0D" box="[449,554,1504,1529]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
): 19→17 DSR at VEN 78 (left) & 84 (right).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA806D69FF16F9CB" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
||
VEN: 136–140 (plus 1 preventral); SC:
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2474FFADF8DF6D6EFD31F9E8" box="[664,724,1539,1564]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" unit="in" value="60.0">60 in</quantity>
|
||
the only specimen with a complete tail, all paired; anal plate divided.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFADFA806D24FE7AF97C" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Ratio VEN / SC 2.33 (in the only specimen with complete tail). Position of the reduction to 6 scale rows around the tail: 11th SC.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892474FFABFA806DFEFE34FF0F" blockId="3.[151,1437,656,2033]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="208" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2474FFADFA806DFEFE95F95F" box="[199,368,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="206">Head scalation</emphasis>
|
||
. Rostral wider than high, slightly visible from above; nasals subrectangular, elongate, vertically divided, with the posterior part shorter than anterior one; nostril small, oval, piercing in the middle of the nasal; internasals small, triangular, in broad contact, barely longer than the prefrontal, longer than wide, distinctly narrowed forward with an anterior margin about 0.4 times the width of the posterior margin, rounded posteriorly; prefrontal single, rather narrow, about twice as wide as long; frontal hexagonal, shield-like, rather small, 1.5 times longer than wide, about 2.2 times as long as the prefrontal; supraocular 1 / 1, large, subtriangular, longer than wide, nearly twice as wide as internasals; parietals large, much longer than the frontal; loreal scale 1 / 1, trapezoidal, as high as long, in broad contact with the nasal; SL 8 or 9, the first five higher than long; 1st, 2nd and 3rd SL small and short, in contact with the nasal, 3rd and 4th SL in contact with the loreal, SL 3–4, 4–5 or 4–6 entering orbit, 6th and 7th or 7th and 8th SL largest; 1 or 2 small suboculars usually present above SL 6; preoculars 1 / 1 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4FFD002474FFADFEEA6CB5FADCF805" box="[1197,1337,2008,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="206" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
) or 2 / 2 (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D4FFD002472FFABFAE56BF5FEC1FF44" box="[162,292,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
); postoculars 2–4, small; temporals 2+3, anterior ones larger;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192472FFABF9926BF5FC15FF5B" box="[981,1008,152,175]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">IL</collectingCountry>
|
||
10 /
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2472FFABFE6F6BF5FB85FF44" box="[1064,1120,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" unit="in" value="10.0">10 in</quantity>
|
||
all known specimens,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192472FFABFF186BF5FA9FFF5B" box="[1375,1402,152,175]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">IL</collectingCountry>
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2472FFABFFC76BF5FF24FF23" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" metricValueMax="12.7" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" unit="in" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1– 5 in</quantity>
|
||
contact with anterior chin shields, 6th
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192472FFABF8206BADFD67FF23" box="[615,642,192,215]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">IL</collectingCountry>
|
||
largest; 1 pair of posterior chin shields much longer than anterior ones, narrowly divided anteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3666012473FFAAFAD06CCBFC33F82E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244095/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" targetBox="[411,1175,195,1933]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892473FFAAFAD06CCBFC33F82E" blockId="4.[151,1436,1958,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2473FFAAFAD06CCBFEE9F848" bold="true" box="[151,268,1958,1980]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C494D0A2473FFAAFB5F6CCBFE0EF848" box="[280,491,1958,1980]" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Isanophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boonsongi" status="comb. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2473FFAAFB5F6CCBFE0EF848" box="[280,491,1958,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">Isanophis boonsongi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20E57E02473FFAAFBB66CCAFD86F848" box="[497,611,1958,1980]" pageId="4" pageNumber="207">new comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, preserved holotype (FMNH 135328). From top to bottom: Dorsal view - Ventral view - Lateral view of the head and neck, left side. Photographs by Patrick David.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892472FFABFA806A6AFEF8FE7A" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABFA806A6AFE2EFEEB" box="[199,459,263,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Coloration and pattern</emphasis>
|
||
. The upper surface of the body is uniformly dark ochre-brown (dark chestnut brown in life), possibly with some very faint, irregular, darker areas, progressively paler and more reddish-beige on the lower part of the sides (dark reddish-brown in life), especially on the 1st and 2nd DSR. Tail as the body, paler on its lower sides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892472FFABFA806AF4FE65FDEA" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
|
||
Head dark ochre-brown (dark olive-brown in life), paler on the side of the snout and anterior SL (yellowishbrown); posterior supralabials pale greyish-yellow (yellow in life), contrasting abruptly with the upper head surface;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192472FFABFAB16A8FFEF6FE0D" box="[246,275,482,505]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">IL</collectingCountry>
|
||
, chin and throat uniformly pale ochre-brown (pale yellowish-brown), brighter yellow on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192472FFABFEB16A8FFAF4FE0D" box="[1270,1297,482,505]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">IL</collectingCountry>
|
||
and sides of the throat. Iris black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892472FFABFA806947FD68FD92" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Venter uniformly pale ochre-brown (pale yellowish-brown in life). Under surface of tail as the venter, irregularly mottled with dark greyish-brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892472FFABFA80691CFE2AFD7E" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" box="[199,463,625,650]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABFA80691CFEAEFD7E" bold="true" box="[199,331,625,650]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Hemipenes</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892472FFABFA8069F8FDD1FD5A" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" box="[199,564,661,686]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABFA8069F8FE52FD5A" bold="true" box="[199,439,661,686]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35365022472FFABFA8069D4FCC0FCED" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892472FFABFA8069D4FCC0FCED" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABFA8069D4FEBCFD26" bold="true" box="[199,345,697,722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192472FFABFB2169D4FE36FD26" box="[358,467,697,722]" name="Thailand" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABFB2169D4FE36FD26" bold="true" box="[358,467,697,722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Thailand</emphasis>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C494D0A2472FFABFBA669D4FD2CFD25" box="[481,713,697,721]" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Isanophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boonsongi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABFBA669D4FD2CFD25" box="[481,713,697,721]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Isanophis boonsongi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from Dan Sai District and Phu Ruea [or Phu Rua] District, Loei Province. Based on the distributions of other species (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C494D0A2472FFABF9AE69B0FF36FCEE" authority="Angel, 1929" authorityName="Angel" authorityYear="1929" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Paratapinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="praemaxillaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABF9AE69B0FAA3FD01" box="[1001,1350,733,757]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Paratapinophis praemaxillaris</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782472FFABFF1769B0FF36FCEE" author="Angel" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" refString="Angel, F. (1929) Liste des Reptiles et Batraciens du Haut-Laos recueillis par M. Delacour. Description d'un genre, de deux especes et d'une variete d'Ophidiens. Bulletin du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Serie 2, 1 (1), 75 - 81. [Paris]" type="journal article" year="1929">Angel, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), we think it is likely to occur in north-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E76192472FFABF8A0686FFCC4FCED" box="[743,801,770,793]" name="Laos" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Laos</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35365022472FFABFA806848FB1FFC72" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892472FFABFA806848FDC9FC95" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABFA806848FEFAFCCA" bold="true" box="[199,287,805,830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. This species has been recorded from
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2472FFABF889684BFCF0FCC9" box="[718,789,806,830]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
|
||
up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CB19B6C2472FFABF91B684BFC5DFCC9" box="[860,952,806,830]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="1780.0">1,780 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. Specimens mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B782472FFABFF5C684BFA79FCCA" author="Cox" box="[1307,1436,805,830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" refString="Cox, M. J. (1995) Opisthotropis boonsongi (Boonsong's Stream Snake). Herpetological Review, 26 (3), 157." type="journal article" year="1995">Cox (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
were taken from a mountain stream.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF636892472FFABFA806800FB1FFC72" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,902]" box="[199,1274,877,902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">
|
||
Recognition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C494D0A2472FFABFB326800FE07FC71" box="[373,482,877,901]" class="Reptilia" family="Natricidae" genus="Isanophis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="214" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABFB326800FE07FC71" box="[373,482,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Isanophis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
requires a redefinition of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C494D0A2472FFABF9426800FC7FFC71" box="[773,922,877,901]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Parahelicops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="208" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA9B2472FFABF9426800FC7FFC71" box="[773,922,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="208">Parahelicops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is currently monotypic:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |