182 lines
24 KiB
XML
182 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="14CA1320382A2BE75B69B2FA7E325E3D">A revision of the genus Cheliplana de Beauchamp, 1927 (Rhabdocoela: Schizorhynchia), with the description of six new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="77F33697AE32EE5354FE03030C6632DF">Gobert, Stefan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="71BCFE1C5576E516EC8AEA253B8BED8D">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. & stefan. gobert @ uhasselt. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1949 - 9174</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FAF0096FFCF1D4E6D080E474B715CD85">Diez, Yander L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B24AE414FACAA2F84B328B62BD5E3827">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. & University of Oriente, Departement of Biology and Geography, Avenida Patricio Lumumba s / n, CP 90500, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Beaty Biodiversity Research Centre, Departments of Botany and Zoology, University of British Columbia, 3529 - 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V 6 T 1 Z 4 Canada. & yander @ uo. edu. cu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8741 - 4799</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D4EBD23CC528AFAAE70C40126719054F">Monnens, Marlies</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CD2D09F318F966C4FFD7567D16E95C5D">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. & marlies. monnens @ uhasselt. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9133 - 1512</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="F0343156612ACEE1289EACE04CB14C3B">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. & patrick. reygel @ uhasselt. be; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8721 - 6290</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="13BC3AB938B68AD15A1C95EC0807F024">Van Steenkiste, Niels W. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E38B52CC9F0D2D9F2F9E1B50FE738BF3">niels. vansteenkiste @ botany. ubc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2676 - 7862</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="220D3738BD09E0183A183835833891C8">Leander, Brian S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB7A861C1E9AB784E6B184DC401852B1">bleander @ mail. ubc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0798 - 0470</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CEAD76CBFBB234A13A664DD7D3E1DA48" type="email">bleander@mail.ubc.ca</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E4DDCD78B4FE35161AE190655C90B537">Artois, Tom</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2DE42946CE157B5C9D56648B10E7836A">Hasselt University, Centre for Environmental Sciences, Research Group Zoology: Biodiversity and Toxicology, Universitaire Campus Gebouw D, B- 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="50479A9384BBC1B5EA20D5F099B56075">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="ED29C949F956DA58AF445F2560339E5B">
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<mods:date id="3676F0A8C95572C7428A49458B5B4AF1">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DF1F19EAB07A6CFBD89D410417E81597">2021-05-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="77C7A5706381AE5CF3157D752D29DD41">4970</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E0878B1864FF8162BE1D7AFBDACB81" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766756" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182632108" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E0878B1864FF8162BE1D7AFBDACB81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E0878B1864FF8162BE1D7AFBDACB81" lastPageNumber="472" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
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<subSubSection id="C35365161864FF8162BE1D7AFDBBCF64" box="[151,574,834,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF6369D1864FF8162BE1D7AFDBBCF64" blockId="19.[151,574,834,897]" box="[151,574,834,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
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<heading id="D0BE81F11864FF8162BE1D7AFDBBCF64" bold="true" box="[151,574,834,861]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C494D1E1864FF8162BE1D7AFDBBCF64" authority="Noldt, 1989" authorityName="Noldt" authorityYear="1989" box="[151,574,834,861]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Karkinorhynchidae" genus="Cheliplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rhabdocoela" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
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<emphasis id="B93DEA8F1864FF8162BE1D7AFDBBCF64" bold="true" box="[151,574,834,861]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
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Cheliplana gemmifera
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B6C1864FF8163871D7BFDBBCF64" author="Noldt, U." box="[430,574,834,861]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" pagination="7 - 85" refId="ref37406" refString="Noldt, U. (1989) Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes) from sublittoral coastal areas near the island of Sylt (North Sea) I. Schizorhynchia. Microfauna Marina, 5, 7 - 85." type="journal article" year="1989">Noldt, 1989</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35365161864FF8162BE1D5FFE8ACFB9" box="[151,271,871,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF6369D1864FF8162BE1D5FFE8ACFB9" blockId="19.[151,574,834,897]" box="[151,271,871,897]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
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<figureCitation id="13722A181864FF8162BE1D5FFE8ACFB9" box="[151,271,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,187,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-30@16.[151,1437,180,1661]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. A–C. Cheliplana boadeni Schilke, 1970. A. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus and stylet. B. Photograph of the copulatory hard structures. C. Photograph of the proboscis. D–F. Cheliplana deverticula Ax, 2008. D. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus. E. Drawing of the copulatory bulb with cirrus and seminal vesicles. F. Reconstruction of the proximal bursa end and the ovary. Only two of the three seminal ducts are shown. G–H. Cheliplana gemmifera Noldt, 1989 G. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus. H. Photograph of the copulatory bulb in a live specimen. Scale bars: A–B, D = 50 μm; C, G = 20 μm; E = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766704/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Fig. 6G–H</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35365161864FF8162BE1D96FC74C861" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF6369D1864FF8162BE1D96FD61C829" blockId="19.[151,1437,942,1977]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis id="B93DEA8F1864FF8162BE1D96FDB8CFF0" bold="true" box="[151,573,942,969]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Material examined. New material</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B213CC01864FF81607B1D97FD5AC829" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3127695338" collectingDate="2015-04-28" country="Germany" elevation="12" latitude="55.031944" location="Sylt" longLatPrecision="17" longitude="8.486667" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="F35E760D1864FF81607B1D97FD5ACFF1" box="[594,735,943,969]" name="Germany" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">GERMANY</collectingCountry>
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• observations and photographs of 1 live specimen;
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<location id="8E9660461864FF81674E1D97FA12CFF1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E0878B1864FF8162BE1D7AFBDACB81:8E9660461864FF81674E1D97FA12CFF1" box="[1383,1431,943,969]" country="Germany" latitude="55.031944" longLatPrecision="17" longitude="8.486667" name="Sylt" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Sylt</location>
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;
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7D505A1864FF8162BE1DEAFEA6CFD5" box="[151,291,978,1005]" degrees="55" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" precision="15" seconds="55" value="55.031944">55°01’55”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7D505A1864FF8163061DEBFE2FCFD5" box="[303,426,979,1005]" degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" precision="15" seconds="12" value="8.486667">8°29’12”E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<date id="FFF7105D1864FF81639E1DEBFDC8CFD5" box="[439,589,978,1005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" value="2015-04-28">
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<collectingDate id="EFB3E9B51864FF81639E1DEBFDC8CFD5" box="[439,589,978,1005]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" value="2015-04-28">28 Apr. 2015</collectingDate>
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</date>
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; fine to medium-grained sand with many diatoms, some flocculent organic matter and lumps of clay, taken at a depth of
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<elevation id="0064D1AE1864FF8160B91DCFFD5AC829" box="[656,735,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" unit="m" value="11.7">11.7 m</elevation>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF6369D1864FF8162EE1A23FC81C80D" blockId="19.[151,1437,942,1977]" box="[199,772,1050,1077]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
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<emphasis id="B93DEA8F1864FF8162EE1A23FE36C80C" bold="true" box="[199,435,1050,1077]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Known distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Sylt,
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<collectingCountry id="F35E760D1864FF8163D51A23FDE1C80D" box="[508,612,1051,1077]" name="Germany" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
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(
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B6C1864FF81605A1A23FD72C80D" author="Noldt, U." box="[627,759,1051,1077]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" pagination="7 - 85" refId="ref37406" refString="Noldt, U. (1989) Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes) from sublittoral coastal areas near the island of Sylt (North Sea) I. Schizorhynchia. Microfauna Marina, 5, 7 - 85." type="journal article" year="1989">Noldt 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF6369D1864FF8162EE1A07FC74C861" blockId="19.[151,1437,942,1977]" box="[199,1009,1087,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
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||
<emphasis id="B93DEA8F1864FF8162EE1A07FE83C861" bold="true" box="[199,262,1087,1113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Note.</emphasis>
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No reference material was available to us at the time of this study.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35365161864FF8162EE1A5BFBDACB81" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6369D1864FF8162EE1A5BFB2CCA31" blockId="19.[151,1437,942,1977]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93DEA8F1864FF8162EE1A5BFEB1C845" bold="true" box="[199,308,1123,1149]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Remarks</emphasis>
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. The newly collected specimen from Sylt was light brown when alive.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B6C1864FF8166591A5BFA86C845" author="Noldt, U." box="[1136,1283,1123,1149]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" pagination="7 - 85" refId="ref37406" refString="Noldt, U. (1989) Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes) from sublittoral coastal areas near the island of Sylt (North Sea) I. Schizorhynchia. Microfauna Marina, 5, 7 - 85." type="journal article" year="1989">Noldt (1989)</bibRefCitation>
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reports body lengths between 1.7 and
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<quantity id="4CB19B781864FF8163821ABFFD81C899" box="[427,516,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
. No new measurements of total body length could be taken, as the newly collected specimen was completely contracted. The proboscis has an overall length of 30–35 μm, with the sclerotised hooks reportedly measuring 11–13 μm. The proboscis hooks of the new specimen measure ~13 μm. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B6C1864FF8167751AF7FF61C935" author="Noldt, U." pageId="19" pageNumber="472" pagination="7 - 85" refId="ref37406" refString="Noldt, U. (1989) Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes) from sublittoral coastal areas near the island of Sylt (North Sea) I. Schizorhynchia. Microfauna Marina, 5, 7 - 85." type="journal article" year="1989">Noldt (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, proboscis sidepieces are absent. The postrostral bulb is 65–70 μm long, with a diameter of 15 μm according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B6C1864FF81629C1B2FFECFC909" author="Noldt, U." box="[181,330,1303,1329]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" pagination="7 - 85" refId="ref37406" refString="Noldt, U. (1989) Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes) from sublittoral coastal areas near the island of Sylt (North Sea) I. Schizorhynchia. Microfauna Marina, 5, 7 - 85." type="journal article" year="1989">Noldt (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but we were not able to measure these dimensions in our specimen. The prepharyngeal cavity is unarmed. The cylindrical pharynx measures 350–400 μm. A single testis is situated alongside the pharynx. The seminal vesicles are enveloped by longitudinal muscles and separately enter the copulatory bulb. Three
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F2883F1864FF8167681B67FAF9C941" box="[1345,1404,1375,1401]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of prostatic glands surround the copulatory bulb and enter the proximal end of the bulb: large glands containing strongly refractive ‘pearl-like’, acidophilic granules (x in
|
||
<figureCitation id="13722A181864FF8161031B9FFC06C9FA" box="[810,899,1447,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,187,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-30@16.[151,1437,180,1661]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. A–C. Cheliplana boadeni Schilke, 1970. A. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus and stylet. B. Photograph of the copulatory hard structures. C. Photograph of the proboscis. D–F. Cheliplana deverticula Ax, 2008. D. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus. E. Drawing of the copulatory bulb with cirrus and seminal vesicles. F. Reconstruction of the proximal bursa end and the ovary. Only two of the three seminal ducts are shown. G–H. Cheliplana gemmifera Noldt, 1989 G. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus. H. Photograph of the copulatory bulb in a live specimen. Scale bars: A–B, D = 50 μm; C, G = 20 μm; E = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766704/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Fig. 6H</figureCitation>
|
||
) (Noldt mentions that these large ‘pearls’ stain both acidophilic and basophilic, but that the latter is probably the result of an artefact); glands with fine, acidophilic secretions; and coarse-grained, basophilic glands. The ‘pearls’ measure 7–11 μm in diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6369D1864FF8162EE182BFA9CCB11" blockId="19.[151,1437,942,1977]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
|
||
The copulatory bulb is pear-shaped, with a length of 200 to 270 μm (160 μm in the newly collected specimen) and a proximal diameter of up to 85 μm. The proximal 2/3 of the bulb is filled with an internal seminal vesicle. Within the copulatory bulb, the prostatic vesicle contains the fine-grained, acidophilic gland secretions, as well as the ‘pearl-like’ secretions. The ejaculatory duct runs from the distal end of the inner seminal vesicle through the prostatic bulb. A sclerotised cirrus is situated in the distal part of the copulatory bulb (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13722A181864FF816645189BFB42CA86" box="[1132,1223,1699,1726]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,255,1686,1710]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,187,1654]" captionTargetId="figure-30@16.[151,1437,180,1661]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. A–C. Cheliplana boadeni Schilke, 1970. A. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus and stylet. B. Photograph of the copulatory hard structures. C. Photograph of the proboscis. D–F. Cheliplana deverticula Ax, 2008. D. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus. E. Drawing of the copulatory bulb with cirrus and seminal vesicles. F. Reconstruction of the proximal bursa end and the ovary. Only two of the three seminal ducts are shown. G–H. Cheliplana gemmifera Noldt, 1989 G. Camera lucida drawing of the cirrus. H. Photograph of the copulatory bulb in a live specimen. Scale bars: A–B, D = 50 μm; C, G = 20 μm; E = 100 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766704" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766704/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is more or less cylindrical and is ~20 μm in long in the new specimen, a bit smaller than the 28–35 μm range reported by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B6C1864FF81677518FFFF60CB3D" author="Noldt, U." pageId="19" pageNumber="472" pagination="7 - 85" refId="ref37406" refString="Noldt, U. (1989) Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes) from sublittoral coastal areas near the island of Sylt (North Sea) I. Schizorhynchia. Microfauna Marina, 5, 7 - 85." type="journal article" year="1989">Noldt (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The interior surface of the cirrus is armed with fine spines. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B6C1864FF81660E18D3FB3ECB3D" author="Noldt, U." box="[1063,1211,1771,1797]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" pagination="7 - 85" refId="ref37406" refString="Noldt, U. (1989) Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes) from sublittoral coastal areas near the island of Sylt (North Sea) I. Schizorhynchia. Microfauna Marina, 5, 7 - 85." type="journal article" year="1989">Noldt (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the spines measure 5–7 μm. The quality of the new specimen did not allow for accurate measurements of the cirrus spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6369D1864FF8162EE190BFBDACB81" blockId="19.[151,1437,942,1977]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472">
|
||
A uterus is present, which connects to the common genital atrium. The single ovary is connected to the atrium through a short female duct. A copulatory bursa is positioned adjacent to the ovary. A sclerotised spermatic duct is lacking according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD84B6C1864FF8163B61943FDB1CBAD" author="Noldt, U." box="[415,564,1915,1941]" pageId="19" pageNumber="472" pagination="7 - 85" refId="ref37406" refString="Noldt, U. (1989) Kalyptorhynchia (Plathelminthes) from sublittoral coastal areas near the island of Sylt (North Sea) I. Schizorhynchia. Microfauna Marina, 5, 7 - 85." type="journal article" year="1989">Noldt (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Neither vagina interna, nor vagina externa were observed. The vitellarium is unpaired and extends throughout the specimen, from beyond the ovary to the pharynx.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |