803 lines
114 KiB
XML
803 lines
114 KiB
XML
<document id="2753C48E58DC384CC4DDB70037A4E3DC" ID-CLB-Dataset="55403" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.591.2.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="042d8c70-bb40-408f-b79c-86f59ee01042" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7797494" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1680596638605" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wilson, Megan M., Emam, Amany, Davis, Steven R., Hall, Gene, Barden, Phillip & Ware, Jessica L." docDate="2023" docId="03E06130F64EFFBBFF770F9AFC961ED9" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.591.2.3.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 591 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.7:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Termitaria hexasporodochia Wilson, Emam, Davis, Barden, Hall, Ware. 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="113" masterDocId="FFD91948F64BFFBCFFFF0F58FFCA1831" masterDocTitle="Description of a novel termite ectoparasite, Termitaria hexasporodochia sp. nov. (Kathistaceae), presenting an unusual six-sectioned infestation, and a key to the fungal family Kathistaceae" masterLastPageNumber="124" masterPageNumber="106" pageNumber="111" updateTime="1699513344882" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="B1F4B3714C8D4BCED486963CB9DAEA31">Description of a novel termite ectoparasite, Termitaria hexasporodochia sp. nov. (Kathistaceae), presenting an unusual six-sectioned infestation, and a key to the fungal family Kathistaceae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="70672414611C8F9A6EEBBDB10A455105" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="ADD3C5CE8030A3A061B3C5705A01EE20">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CD50FE75A9119AAB44324BACBA480EEC">Wilson, Megan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3A5FE1EE8CE674EC903420E57B0FD1AA">Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="F9466ED9A76C969CB78DB68782E5992D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3BFEB3EA5BAA8D3543D3F97C2807DBC4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="E7F9CDD2912E60034DD017D28DE8C3EA">Emam, Amany</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6F2740512CAB568565BB9897388B300A">Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="69BFFB676A2808EE11BCB0966EA3B3F6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E53C31D826465F405A8D5E361375BA4A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="26BC4DB3F304E20C96E9441F103E5FC7">Davis, Steven R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="29AE3E39887564766FCFB159578D192F">American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, 10024.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="18A87C0052184B7E498FC4AE4BE7FD75">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="DF6265FF15444DBE426B9030F81A7A2E">Hall, Gene</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="E71D262F614623E2126FBC964C12D586">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9DB8B624550B1106C820DF66B1219F07">Barden, Phillip</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9E477D6AB2A056FEE8A28CD3ADD062F0">Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, 08854. & American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, 10024. & Department of Biological Sciences, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark NJ, 07102</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="FCF6D312019734BF84CA8B17E324EDF5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="25F9271EC7FA10C21C0744DE2009F8E4">Ware, Jessica L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B4363074D4E5943B1C915EA233C153C5">Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102. & American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY, 10024.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:titleInfo id="F051FE540E609C050EAB8531CFF264D6">
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<mods:title id="401EDEC97115CDAF6382FD8738F8686E">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="7C277AC6D13F4311AE022CCAFA48C21B">
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<mods:date id="4F78C8028D030BCB86CB8D641F170716">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A8F0B5ACD6A485D6C3F006400EEA58FD">2023-04-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2D7B347B9CB5AEBAEC9864A7DED875ED">591</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="1FB378DAEC9E6352EC15882AFDBB2B7B" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="59D1A5C80A6D47073A6727A0ABC9C5E0">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D2EDAD5CDD79E927A78CE7ABEC1AD93B">106</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3D82F6262865247D024F00305257B1EC">124</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="5737D0FACB394D88D23CE8D36212043D">
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<mods:url id="DF08B3BC98A6EE52CEECFF71AFEBD245">http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="854F66CEEE3E2BB9EC0B94D5D6DAF2A2">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="29752FABD511DD7A762C0A59C6FEA87A" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.591.2.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B5D383419F2B542DB7085F64F27934C0" type="GBIF-Dataset">042d8c70-bb40-408f-b79c-86f59ee01042</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="02A03A150B3C28C4CB942E3D696BA52F" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9EB088036E2F5E0EB0AEDA3CB04ADB76" type="Zenodo-Dep">7797494</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03E06130F64EFFBBFF770F9AFC961ED9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797490" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209487271" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7797490" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E06130F64EFFBBFF770F9AFC961ED9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E06130F64EFFBBFF770F9AFC961ED9" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
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<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64EFFB9FF770F9AFBB318ED" box="[136,1145,193,220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF770F9AFBB318ED" blockId="5.[136,1145,193,328]" box="[136,1145,193,220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
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<heading id="D0BE674AF64EFFB9FF770F9AFBB318ED" box="[136,1145,193,220]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF770F9AFF2D18ED" bold="true" box="[136,231,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Species:</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FF110F9AFBD418ED" authority="Wilson, Emam, Davis, Barden, Hall, Ware." authorityName="Wilson, Emam, Davis, Barden, Hall, Ware." authorityYear="2023" box="[238,1054,193,220]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF110F9AFDFF18ED" bold="true" box="[238,565,193,220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Termitaria hexasporodochia</emphasis>
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Wilson, Emam, Davis, Barden, Hall, Ware.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FBDB0F9BFBB318ED" box="[1060,1145,195,220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64EFFB9FBDB0F9BFBB318ED" box="[1060,1145,195,220]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64EFFB9FF770FBEFCEA1979" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF770FBEFE701931" blockId="5.[136,1145,193,328]" box="[136,442,230,256]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Mycobank ID: MB832822</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF770E52FD001915" blockId="5.[136,1145,193,328]" box="[136,714,266,292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Newark Museum Herbarium, Newark, NJ (NEMU)</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF770E76FCEA1979" blockId="5.[136,1145,193,328]" box="[136,800,302,328]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">American Museum of Natural History, NYC, NY (AMNH)</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64EFFB9FF770EC2FA631ABD" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF770EC2FE8B1985" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" box="[136,321,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
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<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF770EC2FE8B1985" bold="true" box="[136,321,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
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||
<typeStatus id="54F26E84F64EFFB9FF770EC2FF751985" box="[136,191,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
Specimens
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF770EE6FAA71A11" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF770EE6FF2E19E9" box="[136,228,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Locality</emphasis>
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||
: South America, Guyana: Rupununi River Region, Karanambu Ranch, Capuchin trail, elevation:
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||
<quantity id="4CB17DC3F64EFFB9FAA80EE6FA6D19E9" box="[1367,1447,446,472]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" unit="km" value="100.0">100km</quantity>
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, 03°44.85’ N,059°19.13’ W, tropical rainforest surrounded by open savannah, on host termite in an arboreal soil mound, 11,
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||
<date id="FFF7F6E6F64EFFB9FEF20D5EFE6C1A11" box="[269,422,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" value="2016-01">January 2016</date>
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||
,
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||
<materialsCitation id="3B21DA7BF64EFFB9FE4E0D5EFAA71A11" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4071452301" box="[433,1389,518,544]" collectingDate="2016-01" collectionCode="AMNH, NEMU" collectorName="M. Wilson; J. Ware; P. Barden; S. George. L. Johnson & S. T. Mafla-Mills" country="Guyana" latitude="3.7475" location="Karanambu Ranch" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-59.318832" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" specimenCode="T1-P1S7S3" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rupununi River Region" typeStatus="holotype">
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Collected by
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||
<collectorName id="26BCB5F0F64EFFB9FDB90D5EFD0A1A11" box="[582,704,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">M. Wilson</collectorName>
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,
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||
<collectorName id="26BCB5F0F64EFFB9FD350D5EFCEA1A11" box="[714,800,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">J. Ware</collectorName>
|
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,
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<collectorName id="26BCB5F0F64EFFB9FCD40D5EFC501A11" box="[811,922,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">P. Barden</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26BCB5F0F64EFFB9FC5B0D5EFB6A1A11" box="[932,1184,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">S. George. L. Johnson</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26BCB5F0F64EFFB9FB540D5EFAA31A11" box="[1195,1385,518,544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">S.T. Mafla-Mills</collectorName>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF420D72FA631ABD" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
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<materialsCitation id="3B21DA7BF64EFFB9FF420D72FBD81ABD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4071452303" collectingDate="2016-01" collectionCode="AMNH, NEMU" collectorName="M. Wilson; J. Ware; P. Barden; S. George. L. Johnson & S. T. Mafla-Mills" country="Guyana" latitude="3.7475" location="Karanambu Ranch" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-59.318832" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" specimenCode="T1-P1S7S3" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Rupununi River Region" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
On
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FF150D72FE441A75" box="[234,398,554,580]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Amitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF150D72FEA81A75" box="[234,354,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Amitermes</emphasis>
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sp.
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, preserved in ethanol. Deposited at
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5848E3F64EFFB9FCCC0D72FC431A75" box="[819,905,554,580]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
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and registered at NEMU Herbarium (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED5848E3F64EFFB9FAB80D72FA551A75" box="[1351,1439,554,580]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13758" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13758" name="Newark Museum" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="Herbarium">NEMU</collectionCode>
|
||
), labeled: South America,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35E90B6F64EFFB9FE540D16FDCC1A59" box="[427,518,590,616]" name="Guyana" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Guyana</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion id="498D1EC4F64EFFB9FDEA0D16FCE41A59" box="[533,814,590,616]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Rupununi River Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E9686FDF64EFFB9FCC20D16FBDF1A59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E06130F64EFFBBFF770F9AFC961ED9:8E9686FDF64EFFB9FCC20D16FBDF1A59" box="[829,1045,590,616]" country="Guyana" latitude="3.7475" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-59.318832" name="Karanambu Ranch" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" stateProvince="Rupununi River Region">Karanambu Ranch</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E9686FDF64EFFB9FBD90D16FB071A59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E06130F64EFFBBFF770F9AFC961ED9:8E9686FDF64EFFB9FBD90D16FB071A59" box="[1062,1229,590,616]" country="Guyana" latitude="3.7475" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="-59.318832" name="Capuchin trail" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" stateProvince="Rupununi River Region">Capuchin trail</location>
|
||
, elevation:
|
||
<quantity id="4CB17DC3F64EFFB9FAA90D16FA6D1A59" box="[1366,1447,590,616]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" unit="km" value="100.0">
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A44C904F64EFFB9FAA90D16FA6D1A59" box="[1366,1447,590,616]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" unit="km" value="100.0">100km</locationDeviation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7DB6E1F64EFFB9FF770D2AFEDB1ABD" box="[136,273,626,653]" degrees="03" direction="north" minutes="44.85" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" precision="9" value="3.7475">03°44.85’ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7DB6E1F64EFFB9FEE30D2AFE761ABD" box="[284,444,626,653]" degrees="059" direction="west" minutes="19.13" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" precision="9" value="-59.318832">059°19.13’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, collected 11,
|
||
<date id="FFF7F6E6F64EFFB9FDA30D2AFD3F1ABD" box="[604,757,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" value="2016-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFB30F0EF64EFFB9FDA30D2AFD3F1ABD" box="[604,757,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" value="2016-01">January 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F26E84F64EFFB9FCF80D2AFCA51ABD" box="[775,879,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEF785DF64EFFB9FC860D2AFC351ABD" box="[889,1023,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T1-P1S7S3</specimenCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B21DA7BF64EFFB9FBE60D2AFA631ABD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4071452302" box="[1049,1449,626,652]" collectionCode="T" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" specimenCode="T2-P1S7S3, T2-P2S7S3" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F26E84F64EFFB9FBE60D2AFB4E1ABD" box="[1049,1156,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEF785DF64EFFB9FB770D2AFAC31ABD" box="[1160,1289,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T2-P1S7S3</specimenCode>
|
||
!,
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBEF785DF64EFFB9FAED0D2AFA521ABD" box="[1298,1432,626,652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T2-P2S7S3</specimenCode>
|
||
!).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64EFFB9FF420DCFFE361B55" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF420DCFFE361B55" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF420DCFFCCC1A81" box="[189,774,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Diagnosis—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FEB40DCFFD5E1A81" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[331,660,662,688]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">Termitaria hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64EFFB9FD590DCFFCCC1A81" box="[678,774,663,688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
exhibits a unique phenotype, exclusively forming six moderately sized black rimmed, elliptical sporodochia on the ventral abdominal segments (4–6) of its host.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FACA0DE3FE821AC9" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FACA0DE3FE821AC9" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Termitaria hexasporodochia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64EFFB9FEB30D87FE551AC9" box="[332,415,734,760]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FEB30D87FE5D1AC9" box="[332,407,735,760]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">sp.nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
exhibits8–9conidia per collarette,is 116–120μm thick,elliptical in shape, has a conidiogenesis zone location 20μm–25μm from the sporodochium base, and thick-walled, lobate haustoria. The dimensions of the sporodochia range from 256 μm–609μm to 102–218 μm, the phialides are 110–115 μm in length, and the expiculum is the only pigmented region noted.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64EFFB9FF420C37FE621D09" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF420C37FE621D09" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF420C37FE271BB9" box="[189,493,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F26E84F64EFFB9FE720C36FE271BB9" box="[397,493,878,904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—Entomogenous: Sporodochium thallus is 116 μm thick, 256 μm long, 102 μm wide, and ellipsoid in shape. At the basal layer, haustoria are initially formed from thick-walled haustorial mother cells at the base of the sporodochium and appear thick and lobular. Haustoria range from 19–23μm in length, and 1.7–2.4 μm in width. Superficial to this layer is the sporogenous hymenium layer composed of a mass of tight columnar phialides 110–115 μm thick. Each individual phialide ranges from 1.5–2.2 μm in diameter, terminating in two flat rounded tips. Endogenously-formed conidia originate from long rod-shaped conidiogenous cells at the conidiogenous locus, located 20–25 μm from the base of each phialide. Conidial spores are rectangular and catenate, 1–1.3 μm in width and 3–4 μm in length. 8–9 spores were found in each collarette and
|
||
<quantity id="4CB17DC3F64EFFB9FC210B32FB8B1CB5" box="[990,1089,1130,1156]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" unit="in" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13 in</quantity>
|
||
each phialide. Spores break off simultaneously as they reach the sporodochium surface. The surface of each sporodochial lesion appears perforated, bearing a hexagonal pattern referred to as “textura angularis”, with pores being larger in diameter along the rim preceding the sterile expiculum. The expiculum forms a smooth black crust with no apparent openings. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F26E84F64EFFB9FAB60B8EFA611CC1" box="[1353,1451,1238,1264]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
selected for description was one of the six lesions found infesting the 4
|
||
<superScript id="7C3C7D6EF64EFFB9FC570BA1FC7F1D36" attach="left" box="[936,949,1273,1287]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">th</superScript>
|
||
ventral abdominal segment of an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FACB0BA2FA661D25" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1901" box="[1332,1452,1274,1300]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Amitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FACB0BA2FA661D25" box="[1332,1452,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Amitermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
termite worker T1-S7S3!.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64EFFB9FF420A1AFC091DB1" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF420A1AFC091DB1" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF420A1AFE021D6D" box="[189,456,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Etymology—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FEAE0A1BFE021D6D" authorityName=", Thaxter" authorityYear="1920" box="[337,456,1347,1372]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Termitaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is the established generic name, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FC7E0A1AFB8B1D6D" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[897,1089,1346,1372]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FC7E0A1AFB8B1D6D" box="[897,1089,1346,1372]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">hexasporodochia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an adjective referring to the hexad arrangement of sporodochia exhibited on the type-host,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FCBA0A3EFC771DB1" authorityName="Silvestri" authorityYear="1901" box="[837,957,1382,1408]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Amitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FCBA0A3EFC771DB1" box="[837,957,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Amitermes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64EFFB9FF420AD2FE021E05" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF420AD2FE021E05" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF420AD2FD451D95" box="[189,655,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Ecology and host species—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FE0E0AD2FD451D95" box="[497,655,1418,1444]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Amitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">Amitermes sp.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
found to be infested with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FC4F0AD3FBED1D95" authorityName=", Thaxter" authorityYear="1920" box="[944,1063,1419,1444]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FC4F0AD3FBED1D95" box="[944,1063,1419,1444]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Termitaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected from large arboreal mounds constructed on sandpaper trees (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FDA70AF6FC8E1DF9" box="[600,836,1454,1480]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dilleniaceae" genus="Curatella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Dilleniales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="americana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FDA70AF6FC8E1DF9" box="[600,836,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Curatella americana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) growing at the interface between open savannah and rainforest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64EFFB9FEF90A8AFE841DDD" box="[262,334,1490,1516]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,2024,2046]" captionTargetBox="[422,1167,714,2000]" captionTargetId="figure-267@3.[421,1167,713,2000]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Locality images and map, for termite host and fungi. Type- habitat, and map of Rupununi River Region locality. Photographed by Megan Wilson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797498/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). The mounds were found during the dry season (January) in regions surrounding the Rupununi River that flood during the annual wet season (May-August). It was found only on worker caste termite hosts, never on soldiers or reproductives.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64EFFBAFF420966FE60195D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFB9FF420966FB161FF1" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF420966FCBB1E69" box="[189,881,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
Differential diagnoses—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FE270967FCDC1E69" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[472,790,1598,1624]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">Termitaria hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64EFFB9FCE30967FCBB1E69" box="[796,881,1599,1624]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
exhibits a unique arrangement phenotype, forming six moderately-sized, black-rimmed, elliptical sporodochia on the ventral abdominal segments (4–6) of its host. This fungus belongs to the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FDF509DFFD4B1E91" authorityName=", Thaxter" authorityYear="1920" box="[522,641,1671,1696]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FDF509DFFD4B1E91" box="[522,641,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Termitaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and is readily distinguished from two described members of the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF7709F2FEDC1EF5" box="[136,278,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FF7709F2FED81EF5" authorityName="S.Colla" authorityYear="1929" box="[136,274,1706,1732]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Mattirolella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">Mattirolella</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
It lacks a major generic character shared amongst
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FCC009F2FC0F1EF5" authorityName="S.Colla" authorityYear="1929" box="[831,965,1706,1732]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Mattirolella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FCC009F2FC0F1EF5" box="[831,965,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Mattirolella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the sterile hyphae separating fertile hyphae in the hymenium is not present in the new species. The maximum lengths of
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FC1A0997FAD61ED9" box="[997,1308,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FC1A0997FB0A1ED9" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[997,1216,1742,1768]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">T. hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64EFFB9FB380997FAD61ED9" box="[1223,1308,1743,1768]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sporodochia are less than half the size of those described for Australian species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FC5909ABFB811F3D" baseAuthorityName="Kimbrough & Lenz" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[934,1099,1779,1804]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="macrospora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FC5909ABFB811F3D" box="[934,1099,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T. macrospora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FB7609ABFAF01F3D" baseAuthorityName="Kimbrough & Lenz" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1161,1338,1778,1804]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rhombicarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FB7609ABFAF01F3D" box="[1161,1338,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T. rhombicarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64EFFB9FAB409AAFA6F1F3D" box="[1355,1445,1778,1804]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,412,436]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Natural history summary. Locations and described hosts of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and preexisting literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" tableUuid="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64EFFB9FF77084EFE631F01" author="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M." box="[136,425,1814,1840]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" pagination="262 - 272" refId="ref9455" refString="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M. (1982) New species of Termitaria (Termitariales: Deuteromycetes) on Australian termites (Isoptera). Botanical Gazette 143: 262 - 272. [https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 2474717]" type="journal article" year="1982">Kimbrough & Lenz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FDAB084FFCC81F01" baseAuthorityName="Kimbrough & Lenz" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[596,770,1814,1840]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rhombicarpa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FDAB084FFCC81F01" box="[596,770,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T. rhombicarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished by the rhomboid shaped sporodochium it typically forms on the host as opposed to the elliptical/circular lesion formed on
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FBE30863FA9B1F65" box="[1052,1361,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FBE30863FB3D1F65" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[1052,1271,1850,1876]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">T. hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64EFFB9FB020863FA9B1F65" box="[1277,1361,1851,1876]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, shorter phialide lengths (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64EFFB9FEB80806FE511F49" box="[327,411,1886,1912]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,412,436]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Natural history summary. Locations and described hosts of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and preexisting literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" tableUuid="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
, 100–105 μm vs. 110–115μm), longer conidiogenous locus (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64EFFB9FBC30806FB5B1F49" box="[1084,1169,1886,1912]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,412,436]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Natural history summary. Locations and described hosts of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and preexisting literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" tableUuid="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. 30–35 μm vs. 20–15 μm from phialide base) and haustoria penetrating twice as deep into the host cuticle (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64EFFB9FBF008DAFBB41FAD" box="[1039,1150,1922,1948]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,412,436]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Natural history summary. Locations and described hosts of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and preexisting literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" tableUuid="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9">TABLE 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. 50–55 μm vs. 20–23 μm).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FF7708FFFE751FF1" box="[136,447,1958,1984]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FF7708FFFEAE1FF1" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[136,356,1958,1984]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">T. hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64EFFB9FE9508FFFE751FF1" box="[362,447,1959,1984]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
spores are easily distinguished from those produced by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FBCB08FFFB1F1FF1" baseAuthorityName="Kimbrough & Lenz" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[1076,1237,1959,1984]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="macrospora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FBCB08FFFB1F1FF1" box="[1076,1237,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T. macrospora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64EFFBAFF420892FE60195D" blockId="5.[136,1452,410,2092]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,365]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
As its name suggests
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FE480893FD911FD5" baseAuthorityName="Kimbrough & Lenz" baseAuthorityYear="1982" box="[439,603,1995,2020]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="macrospora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FE480893FD911FD5" box="[439,603,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T. macrospora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
produces 4–5 massive spores per collarette (app 3.8–9.1 μm) whereas
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FA680893FE631039" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FA680893FE821039" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">T. hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64EFFB9FEAE08B7FE631039" box="[337,425,2031,2056]" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
produces 8–9 spores per collarette (app 1–1.3
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FC3808B7FC101039" box="[967,986,2031,2056]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">×</emphasis>
|
||
3–4 μm). Another Australian species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFB9FA6808B7FEEE101D" baseAuthorityName="Kimbrough & Lenz" baseAuthorityYear="1982" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="5" pageNumber="111" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longiphialidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FA6808B7FEEE101D" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">T. longiphialidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is best identified by its small circular sporodochia and having the longest phialides of any
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64EFFBAFACA074BFF131889" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64EFFB9FACA074BFA66101D" box="[1333,1452,2067,2092]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="111">Termitaria</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64DFFBAFF150FC6FE891889" box="[234,323,158,184]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,412,436]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Natural history summary. Locations and described hosts of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and preexisting literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
. 160–180 μm vs. 110–115 μm;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFD470FC6FC2B1889" author="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M." box="[696,993,158,185]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="262 - 272" refId="ref9455" refString="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M. (1982) New species of Termitaria (Termitariales: Deuteromycetes) on Australian termites (Isoptera). Botanical Gazette 143: 262 - 272. [https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 2474717]" type="journal article" year="1982">Kimbrough & Lenz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFC080FC7FAF21889" box="[1015,1336,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFC080FC7FB1C1889" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[1015,1238,158,184]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">T. hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64DFFBAFB1F0FC7FAF21889" box="[1248,1336,159,184]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is readily distinguished from the commonly described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD780F9BFD3D18ED" baseAuthorityName="Thaxter" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[647,759,194,220]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="snyderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFD780F9BFD3D18ED" box="[647,759,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">T. snyderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, by phialide length.
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFC190F9BFAE818ED" box="[998,1314,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFC190F9BFB0E18ED" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[998,1220,194,220]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">T. hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64DFFBAFB340F9BFAE818ED" box="[1227,1314,195,220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
possesses a much thicker sporodochium, with phialides double the length of those found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFBED0FBFFB4B1931" baseAuthorityName="Thaxter" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[1042,1153,230,256]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="snyderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFBED0FBFFB4B1931" box="[1042,1153,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">T. snyderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64DFFBAFB6E0FBEFB2D1931" box="[1169,1255,230,256]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,412,436]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Natural history summary. Locations and described hosts of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and preexisting literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
, 110–115 μm vs. 50–60 μm).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFEEE0E53FE5A1915" baseAuthorityName="Thaxter" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[273,400,267,292]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="coronata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFEEE0E53FE5A1915" box="[273,400,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">T. coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD1C0E53FC7E1915" box="[739,948,266,292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFD1C0E53FC901915" box="[739,858,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Termitaria</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFC400E53FB501915" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[959,1178,266,292]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFC400E53FB501915" box="[959,1178,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">T. hexasporodochia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64DFFBAFB5E0E53FB3D1914" box="[1185,1271,267,293]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFB5E0E53FB3A1915" box="[1185,1264,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
included, in the appearance of its sporodochium, with its echinulate surface and the high position of its conidiogenous locus (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64DFFBAFAAF0E76FA6E1979" box="[1360,1444,302,328]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,412,436]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Natural history summary. Locations and described hosts of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and preexisting literature." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" tableUuid="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
, 50–60 μm vs. 20–25 μm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" ID-Table-UUID="DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" startId="6.[136,224,412,436]" targetBox="[147,1429,492,2048]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64DFFBAFF770EC4FE8119E9" blockId="6.[136,1451,412,472]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF770EC4FF3E1985" bold="true" box="[136,244,412,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">TABLE 1</emphasis>
|
||
. Natural history summary. Locations and described hosts of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFC810EC5FC251985" authorityName=", Thaxter" authorityYear="1920" box="[894,1007,413,436]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFC810EC5FC251985" box="[894,1007,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Termitaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFBDB0EC4FB6E1985" authorityName="S.Colla" authorityYear="1929" box="[1060,1188,412,436]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Mattirolella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFBDB0EC4FB6E1985" box="[1060,1188,412,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Mattirolella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from this study and preexisting literature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64DFFBAFF6C0EB4FAD21F86" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<table id="F9492286F64D0043FF6C0EB4FA5F1031" box="[147,1429,492,2048]" gridcols="4" gridrows="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0EB4FA5F1A33" box="[147,1429,492,514]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0EB4FE801A33" box="[147,330,492,514]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFF6C0EB4FEF51A33" box="[147,319,492,514]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Kathistes" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0EB4FEF51A33" bold="true" box="[147,319,492,514]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Kathistes Species</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990EB4FCFF1A33" box="[358,821,492,514]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE990EB5FE5C1A33" bold="true" box="[358,406,493,514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Host</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20EB4FBE21A33" box="[845,1064,492,514]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFCB20EB4FBD61A33" bold="true" box="[845,1052,492,514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Geographic location</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0EB4FA5F1A33" box="[1092,1429,492,514]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFBBB0EB4FB601A33" bold="true" box="[1092,1194,492,514]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Reference</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0D43FA5F1A49" box="[147,1429,539,632]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0D43FE801A49" box="[147,330,539,632]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0D43FF021A49" bold="true" box="[147,316,539,632]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFF6C0D43FEF61A64" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[147,316,539,597]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">Termitaria hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64DFFBAFF6C0D3BFF021A49" box="[147,200,611,632]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990D43FCFF1A49" box="[358,821,539,632]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Termite:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE420D44FD8F1A00" box="[445,581,540,561]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Amitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE420D44FD8F1A00" box="[445,581,540,561]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Amitermes sp.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20D43FBE21A49" box="[845,1064,539,632]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Rupununi region, Guyana</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0D43FA5F1A49" box="[1092,1429,539,632]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">This paper</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0DC9FA5F1AFA" box="[147,1429,657,715]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0DC9FE801AFA" box="[147,330,657,715]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0DC9FED91AFA" bold="true" box="[147,275,657,715]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Termitaria rhombicarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990DC9FCFF1AFA" box="[358,821,657,715]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Termite:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE420DCBFD451A96" baseAuthorityName="Froggatt" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[445,655,658,680]" class="Insecta" family="Stolotermitidae" genus="Porotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adamsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE420DCBFD451A96" box="[445,655,658,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Porotermes adamsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20DC9FBE21AFA" box="[845,1064,657,715]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">ACT, Australia</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0DC9FA5F1AFA" box="[1092,1429,657,715]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0DCAFAF81A96" author="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M." box="[1092,1330,658,680]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="262 - 272" refId="ref9455" refString="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M. (1982) New species of Termitaria (Termitariales: Deuteromycetes) on Australian termites (Isoptera). Botanical Gazette 143: 262 - 272. [https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 2474717]" type="journal article" year="1982">Kimbrough& Lenz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0DBCFA5F1B2C" box="[147,1429,740,797]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0DBCFE801B2C" box="[147,330,740,797]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0DBCFEC21B2C" bold="true" box="[147,264,740,797]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Termitaria macrospora</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990DBCFCFF1B2C" box="[358,821,740,797]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Termite:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE420DBDFD701AC8" authorityName="Froggatt" authorityYear="1897" box="[445,698,740,762]" class="Insecta" family="Mastotermitidae" genus="Mastotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="darwiniensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE420DBDFD701AC8" box="[445,698,740,762]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Mastotermes darwiniensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20DBCFBE21B2C" box="[845,1064,740,797]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Queensland, Australia</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0DBCFA5F1B2C" box="[1092,1429,740,797]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0DBCFAF21ACB" author="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M." box="[1092,1336,740,762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="262 - 272" refId="ref9455" refString="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M. (1982) New species of Termitaria (Termitariales: Deuteromycetes) on Australian termites (Isoptera). Botanical Gazette 143: 262 - 272. [https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 2474717]" type="journal article" year="1982">Kimbrough & Lenz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0C6EFA5F1B41" box="[147,1429,822,880]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0C6EFE801B41" box="[147,330,822,880]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0C6EFED11B41" bold="true" box="[147,283,822,880]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Termitaria longiphialidis</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990C6EFCFF1B41" box="[358,821,822,880]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Termite:
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE420C6FFCDC1B7D" box="[445,790,823,844]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE420C6FFD491B7D" baseAuthorityName="Froggatt" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[445,643,823,844]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacteus">Coptotermes lacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD720C6FFCDC1B7D" baseAuthorityName="Froggatt" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[653,790,823,844]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aciniformis">C. aciniformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20C6EFBE21B41" box="[845,1064,822,880]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Australia</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0C6EFA5F1B41" box="[1092,1429,822,880]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0C6FFAF21B7D" author="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M." box="[1092,1336,823,845]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="262 - 272" refId="ref9455" refString="Kimbrough, J. W. & Lenz, M. (1982) New species of Termitaria (Termitariales: Deuteromycetes) on Australian termites (Isoptera). Botanical Gazette 143: 262 - 272. [https: // www. jstor. org / stable / 2474717]" type="journal article" year="1982">Kimbrough & Lenz 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0CD1FA5F1C3A" box="[147,1429,905,1035]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0CD1FE801C3A" box="[147,330,905,1035]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0CD1FE801BAE" bold="true" box="[147,330,905,927]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Termitaria snyderi</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990CD1FCFF1C3A" box="[358,821,905,1035]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Termite:
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE420CD1FCED1BD6" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE420CD1FD501BAF" baseAuthorityName="Kollar" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[445,666,905,926]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Reticulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">Reticulitermes flavipes</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD5B0CD2FCEA1BAE" baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1907" box="[676,800,906,927]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Reticulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virginicus">R. virginicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE990CF5FE051BF3" baseAuthorityName="Rossi" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[358,463,941,962]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Reticulitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucifigus">R.lucifigus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE260CF5FD081BF3" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[473,706,941,962]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginalis">Rhinotermes marginalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE990C8AFD081BD6" authority=", Neotermes" authorityName="Neotermes" box="[358,706,977,999]" class="Insecta" family="Stolotermitidae" genus="Porotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadricollis">Porotermes quadricollis, Neotermes</taxonomicName>
|
||
somoanus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20CD1FBE21C3A" box="[845,1064,905,1035]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">USA-Washington DC,FL,CA,GA,Guyana, Guadeloupe, Italy, Chile, Samoa</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0CD1FA5F1C3A" box="[1092,1429,905,1035]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Thaxter 1920,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFB2E0CD1FB4B1BF2" author="Khan, S. R. & Kimbrough, J. W." pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="395 - 399" refId="ref9364" refString="Khan, S. R. & Kimbrough, J. W. (1974 a) Taxonomic position of Termitaria and Mattirolella (entomogenous Deuteromycetes). American Journal of Botany 61: 395 - 399. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2441806" type="journal article" year="1974">Khan &Kimbrough 1974a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFB740CF5FAEE1BF2" author="Blackwell, M." box="[1163,1316,941,963]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="101 - 104" refId="ref8398" refString="Blackwell, M. (1980) New records of termite-infesting fungi. Invertebrate Pathology 35: 101 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0022 - 2011 (80) 90093 - 2" type="journal article" year="1980">Blackwell 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFACB0CF5FBBC1BD6" author="Blackwell, M. & Rossi, W." pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="581 - 601" refId="ref8485" refString="Blackwell, M. & Rossi, W. (1986) Biogeography of fungal ectoparasites of termites. Mycotaxon 25: 581 - 601." type="journal article" year="1986">Blackwell 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFB7F0C89FB261BD6" author="Colla, S." box="[1152,1260,977,999]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="39 - 48" refId="ref8684" refString="Colla, S. (1929) Su alcuni funghi parassiti delle Termiti. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Portici 22: 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1929">Colla 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Rossi & Cesari-
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0CADFB741C3A" author="Rossi, W. R. & Rossi, M. G. C." box="[1092,1214,1013,1035]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="111 - 113" refId="ref10196" refString="Rossi, W. R. & Rossi, M. G. C. (1977 b) Due Nuove Specie di Dimeromyces (Laboulbeniales). Rivista di Parassitologia 38: 111 - 113." type="journal article" year="1977">Rossi 1977b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFB380CAEFAEC1C3A" author="Tate, P." box="[1223,1318,1014,1035]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="54 - 60" refId="ref10270" refString="Tate, P. (1927) On Ectomyces calotermi n. g., n. s p., an ascomycete parasitic on Calotermes samoanus Holmgren (Isoptera, Porotermitidae). Parasitology 19: 54 - 60." type="journal article" year="1927">Tate 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0B7CFA5F1D04" box="[147,1429,1060,1333]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0B7CFE801D04" box="[147,330,1060,1333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0B7CFF211C6C" bold="true" box="[147,251,1060,1117]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Termitaria coronata</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990B7CFCFF1D04" box="[358,821,1060,1333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Termite:
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE420B7DFE191D04" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE420B7DFD471C08" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[445,653,1060,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costalis">Nasutitermes costalis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD680B7DFCCF1C0B" baseAuthorityName="Motschulsky" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[663,773,1061,1082]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corniger">N. corniger</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE990B11FE111C6F" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[358,475,1097,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guayanae">N.guayanae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE1A0B10FDF01C6C" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1954" box="[485,570,1096,1117]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kempe">N.kempe</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFDBB0B11FD601C6F" baseAuthorityName="Hill" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[580,682,1097,1118]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exitosus">N.exitosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE990B35FE371CB3" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[358,509,1133,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="surinamensis">N.surinamensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFDF90B34FD4B1CB0" baseAuthorityName="Brauer" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[518,641,1132,1153]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fumigatus">N.fumigatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD7A0B34FCC01CB0" baseAuthorityName="Hill" baseAuthorityYear="1915" box="[645,778,1132,1153]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipennis">N.longipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE990BC9FD721C97" authority=", Cryptotermes" authorityName="Cryptotermes" box="[358,696,1168,1190]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Amitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="evuncifer">Amitermes evuncifer, Cryptotermes</taxonomicName>
|
||
sjostedt, Microcerotermes fuscotibialis, Odontotermes badius, Allodontermes schultzei,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD5C0B80FCFB1CDC" box="[675,817,1240,1261]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Amitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodesiensis">A.rhodesiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE990BA5FDF11D20" baseAuthorityName="Froggatt" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[358,571,1276,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Stolotermitidae" genus="Porotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adamsoni">Porotermes adamsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFDBB0BA5FCC11D20" baseAuthorityName="Froggatt" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[580,779,1276,1298]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lacteus">Coptotermes lacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFCEA0BA5FE191D04" baseAuthorityName="Froggatt" baseAuthorityYear="1898" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Coptotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aciniformis">C. aciniformis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20B7CFBE21D04" box="[845,1064,1060,1333]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Panama</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0B7CFA5F1D04" box="[1092,1429,1060,1333]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Khan & Kimbrough 1974,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0B10FA861C6C" author="Kimbrough, J. W. & Thorne, B. L." box="[1092,1356,1096,1118]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="201 - 209" refId="ref9507" refString="Kimbrough, J. W. & Thorne, B. L. (1982) Structure and development of Mattirolella crutstosa (Termitariales, Deuteromycetes) on Panamanian termites. Mycologia 73: 201 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00275514.1982.12021492" type="journal article" year="1982">Kimbrough & Thorne 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0A16FA5F1DB9" box="[147,1429,1358,1416]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0A16FE801DB9" box="[147,330,1358,1416]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0A16FF2C1DB9" bold="true" box="[147,264,1358,1416]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Mattirolella crustosa</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990A16FCFF1DB9" box="[358,821,1358,1416]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Termite:
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE420A08FE191DB9" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE420A08FD591D54" baseAuthorityName="Motschulsky" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[445,659,1360,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corniger">Nasutitermes corniger</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD620A08FCDB1D55" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[669,785,1359,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ephratae">N. ephratae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFCE40A08FE191DB9" class="Insecta" family="Termitidae" genus="Nasutitermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbicus">N. columbicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20A16FBE21DB9" box="[845,1064,1358,1416]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Guyana</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0A16FA5F1DB9" box="[1092,1429,1358,1416]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0A17FB641D55" author="Colla, S." box="[1092,1198,1359,1381]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="39 - 48" refId="ref8684" refString="Colla, S. (1929) Su alcuni funghi parassiti delle Termiti. Bolletino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Portici 22: 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="1929">Colla 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0AF9FA5F1E15" box="[147,1429,1441,1572]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0AF9FE801E15" box="[147,330,1441,1572]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0AF9FF151DEA" bold="true" box="[147,264,1441,1499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Mattirolella silvestri</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990AF9FCFF1E15" box="[358,821,1441,1572]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Termite:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE420AFAFD691D86" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[445,675,1442,1463]" class="Insecta" family="Rhinotermitidae" genus="Rhinotermes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Blattodea" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE420AFAFD691D86" box="[445,675,1442,1463]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Rhinotermes marginalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20AF9FBE21E15" box="[845,1064,1441,1572]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Canada, New Brunswick. Canada, Nippissing district Ontario</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0AF9FA5F1E15" box="[1092,1429,1441,1572]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0AFAFA801D86" author="Malloch, D. & Blackwell, M." box="[1092,1354,1442,1464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="1712 - 1721" refId="ref9848" refString="Malloch, D. & Blackwell, M. (1990) Kathistes, a new genus of pleomorphic ascomycetes. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 1712 - 1721." type="journal article" year="1990">Malloch & Blackwell 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0964FA5F1E8E" box="[147,1429,1596,1727]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0964FE801E8E" box="[147,330,1596,1727]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0964FF321E47" bold="true" box="[147,248,1596,1654]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Kathistes calyculata</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990964FCFF1E8E" box="[358,821,1596,1727]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Dung: Moose</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20964FBE21E8E" box="[845,1064,1596,1727]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Canada, New Brunswick. Canada, Nippissing district Ontario</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0964FA5F1E8E" box="[1092,1429,1596,1727]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0965FA801E63" author="Malloch, D. & Blackwell, M." box="[1092,1354,1597,1619]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="1712 - 1721" refId="ref9848" refString="Malloch, D. & Blackwell, M. (1990) Kathistes, a new genus of pleomorphic ascomycetes. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 1712 - 1721." type="journal article" year="1990">Malloch & Blackwell 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C098FFA5F1F23" box="[147,1429,1751,1810]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C098FFE801F23" box="[147,330,1751,1810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C098FFF251F20" bold="true" box="[147,239,1751,1809]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Kathistes fimbriata</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE99098FFCFF1F23" box="[358,821,1751,1810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Dung: Cow:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE170981FD8F1EDC" box="[488,581,1752,1774]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Bos" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bovis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE170981FD8F1EDC" box="[488,581,1752,1774]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Bos bovis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB2098FFBE21F23" box="[845,1064,1751,1810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Rupe Lecanda, Spain</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB098FFA5F1F23" box="[1092,1429,1751,1810]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Barrasa & Moreno 1982;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFABE0980FB3D1F20" author="Malloch, D. & Blackwell, M." pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="1712 - 1721" refId="ref9848" refString="Malloch, D. & Blackwell, M. (1990) Kathistes, a new genus of pleomorphic ascomycetes. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 1712 - 1721." type="journal article" year="1990">Malloch & Blackwell 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C0872FA5F1FB8" box="[147,1429,1834,1929]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C0872FE801FB8" box="[147,330,1834,1929]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C0872FEE81F55" bold="true" box="[147,290,1834,1892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Kathistes analemmoides</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE990872FCFF1FB8" box="[358,821,1834,1929]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Dung: Moose</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB20872FBE21FB8" box="[845,1064,1834,1929]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Algonquin provincial park, Nipissing district Ontario, Canada</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB0872FA5F1FB8" box="[1092,1429,1834,1929]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB0873FA801F71" author="Malloch, D. & Blackwell, M." box="[1092,1354,1835,1857]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="1712 - 1721" refId="ref9848" refString="Malloch, D. & Blackwell, M. (1990) Kathistes, a new genus of pleomorphic ascomycetes. Canadian Journal of Botany 68: 1712 - 1721." type="journal article" year="1990">Malloch & Blackwell 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="3579D264F64D0043FF6C08F9FA5F1031" box="[147,1429,1953,2048]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<th id="76A8BB18F64D0043FF6C08F9FE801031" box="[147,330,1953,2048]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFF6C08F9FF3D1FEB" bold="true" box="[147,289,1953,2010]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Termitariopsis cavernosa</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FE9908F9FCFF1031" box="[358,821,1953,2048]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
Army ants:
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFE2708FAFE601FEA" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFE2708FAFD121F86" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1894" box="[472,728,1954,1975]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Neivamyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opacithorax">Neivamyrmex opacithorax</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64DFFBAFD1D08FAFE601FEA" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Neivamyrmex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosus">N. pilosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FCB208F9FBE21031" box="[845,1064,1953,2048]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">Manhattan, Kansas, Panama Canal Zone, Barro Colorado Island</td>
|
||
<td id="76A8BB18F64D0043FBBB08F9FA5F1031" box="[1092,1429,1953,2048]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64DFFBAFBBB08FAFAD21F86" author="Blackwell, M." box="[1092,1304,1954,1976]" pageId="6" pageNumber="112" pagination="101 - 104" refId="ref8398" refString="Blackwell, M. (1980) New records of termite-infesting fungi. Invertebrate Pathology 35: 101 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0022 - 2011 (80) 90093 - 2" type="journal article" year="1980">
|
||
Blackwell
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64DFFBAFB5308FAFB161F86" box="[1196,1244,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="112">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1980
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35383ADF64CFFBBFF420FC6FC961ED9" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64CFFBBFF420FC6FD3B1915" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFF420FC6FD0A1888" bold="true" box="[189,704,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Ultrastructure of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFE7A0FC7FDAC1888" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[389,614,158,185]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">T. hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64CFFBBFD940FC7FD0A1888" box="[619,704,159,185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—The complete sporodochium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFBD70FC6FBAE1889" box="[1064,1124,158,184]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[136,229,1796,1818]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,203,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-18@8.[151,1436,190,1772]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4 Structural schematic of T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. Sporodochium section, (T=Transverse) in situ on its Amitermes host. SEM and Confocal images included for reference. Abbreviations used; Bm—Basement membrane, Hs—Haustoria, Hmc—Haustorial mother cells, Hp—Hymenial phialides, Cl—Conidigenous locus, Conidial spores, Phialide tips. Scale bars: sporodochium: 100 μm, hymenium: 30 μm. Illustrated by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797502/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.4</figureCitation>
|
||
) is composed of many tightly aligned vertical columns. We group the sporodochia layers into three major regions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFBB00F9AFB6918EC" box="[1103,1187,194,221]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[219,1367,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-29@9.[219,1367,190,1493]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sporodochial layers CLSM. A. Upper region (UR), Sporogenous Region composed of a phialidic hymenium (SR), Basal region (BR) composed of haustorial mother cells and subhymenial layer that gives rise to SR. B. Basal most layer above insect cuticle 4-5 rows thick. White circle indicates thick haustorial mother cells that give rise to a subcuticular layer of haustoria that penetrates the host cuticle. White arrows indicate major penetration points between T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. and host cuticle. C. Confocal stack of tetralocular junctures between host cuticle and parasite. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797504/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.5A</figureCitation>
|
||
); the basal region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFA810F9AFF5C1930" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[219,1367,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-29@9.[219,1367,190,1493]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sporodochial layers CLSM. A. Upper region (UR), Sporogenous Region composed of a phialidic hymenium (SR), Basal region (BR) composed of haustorial mother cells and subhymenial layer that gives rise to SR. B. Basal most layer above insect cuticle 4-5 rows thick. White circle indicates thick haustorial mother cells that give rise to a subcuticular layer of haustoria that penetrates the host cuticle. White arrows indicate major penetration points between T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. and host cuticle. C. Confocal stack of tetralocular junctures between host cuticle and parasite. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797504/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) most closely appressed to the insect cuticle, the sporogenous hymenial region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFBE70FBEFB961931" box="[1048,1116,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,192,1555]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[151,1436,190,1555]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microscopic ultrastructure of T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. sporodochium. A. Transverse section of a single sporodochium resting upon the cuticle of the host. B. Transverse view of the bivalve flap terminations of the phialides. C. Rectangular conidia assemblage within the phialide are formed endogenously and in basipetal succession D. Fixed conidiogenous locus in which spore differentiation occurs (Cl) E. Basal region of the sporodochium in right corner of image showing initial phialidic growth, and left bottom of image shows thick haustorial layer (Hs) extending below the host cuticle (termite). F. Host cuticle (Hc) with underlaying haustoria. Scale bars: A—100 μm, B—5 μm, C—10 μm, D—50 μm, E—30 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797506/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the upper region (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFA980FBEFA691931" box="[1383,1443,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-29@11.[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7.Phialide and spores SEM.A.internal surface of the hymenial phialide, with denseminute filamentous coating B. Sporogenous structure prior to endogenous division at conidiogenous loci. C. Rectangular, catenate conidial spores located beyond the conidiogenous locus indicated by arrow. Scale bars:A—500 nm, B—3.0 μm, C—2 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797508/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.7</figureCitation>
|
||
) filled with conidia and phialides terminating into flaps.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64CFFBBFF420E76FDDD1AE4" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFF420E76FE4B1979" box="[189,385,302,328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">The basal region</emphasis>
|
||
—This region of the sporodochium is approximately 4–5 rows and 8.5–12.5 μm thick. It is comprised of haustorial mother cells that give rise to a subcuticular layer of haustoria that penetrates the host (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFA810E0AFF5219A0" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[219,1367,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-29@9.[219,1367,190,1493]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sporodochial layers CLSM. A. Upper region (UR), Sporogenous Region composed of a phialidic hymenium (SR), Basal region (BR) composed of haustorial mother cells and subhymenial layer that gives rise to SR. B. Basal most layer above insect cuticle 4-5 rows thick. White circle indicates thick haustorial mother cells that give rise to a subcuticular layer of haustoria that penetrates the host cuticle. White arrows indicate major penetration points between T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. and host cuticle. C. Confocal stack of tetralocular junctures between host cuticle and parasite. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797504/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). The thin-walled cells composing the upper layer of the basal region have been referred to in previous studies as the “subhymenial layer” and gives rise apically to the hymenial phialides (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64CFFBBFC270EC2FAE01985" author="Kimbrough, J. W. & Thorne, B. L." box="[984,1322,410,436]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" pagination="201 - 209" refId="ref9507" refString="Kimbrough, J. W. & Thorne, B. L. (1982) Structure and development of Mattirolella crutstosa (Termitariales, Deuteromycetes) on Panamanian termites. Mycologia 73: 201 - 209. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00275514.1982.12021492" type="journal article" year="1982">Kimbrough and Thorne 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Haustoria aggregate towards and penetrate the host via tetra ocular channels in its cuticle. We observe 12+ major penetration points between the fungal body and its host (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFD760EBAFD2819CD" box="[649,738,482,509]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[219,1367,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-29@9.[219,1367,190,1493]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sporodochial layers CLSM. A. Upper region (UR), Sporogenous Region composed of a phialidic hymenium (SR), Basal region (BR) composed of haustorial mother cells and subhymenial layer that gives rise to SR. B. Basal most layer above insect cuticle 4-5 rows thick. White circle indicates thick haustorial mother cells that give rise to a subcuticular layer of haustoria that penetrates the host cuticle. White arrows indicate major penetration points between T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. and host cuticle. C. Confocal stack of tetralocular junctures between host cuticle and parasite. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797504/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.5 B</figureCitation>
|
||
), extending below the cuticle to thick-walled lobular haustoria ranging from 19–23 μm in length and 1.7–2.5 μm in width. We do not refer to this “haustorial region” as an internal region within the sporodochium because it lays below the cuticular layer of its host (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFB8F0D72FB141A75" box="[1136,1246,554,580]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,192,1555]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[151,1436,190,1555]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microscopic ultrastructure of T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. sporodochium. A. Transverse section of a single sporodochium resting upon the cuticle of the host. B. Transverse view of the bivalve flap terminations of the phialides. C. Rectangular conidia assemblage within the phialide are formed endogenously and in basipetal succession D. Fixed conidiogenous locus in which spore differentiation occurs (Cl) E. Basal region of the sporodochium in right corner of image showing initial phialidic growth, and left bottom of image shows thick haustorial layer (Hs) extending below the host cuticle (termite). F. Host cuticle (Hc) with underlaying haustoria. Scale bars: A—100 μm, B—5 μm, C—10 μm, D—50 μm, E—30 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797506/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.6E–F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additionally, its penetration into the host cuticle does not change the classification of this fungus as an ectoparasite, in that it does not invade the host cytoplasm. Each sporodochia appears to be formed from major infestation sites with cells growing upward from the basal layer, with approximately 160–240 openings per sporodochium (size dependent) that appear dark in photomicrographs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFE460DE2FDC11AE4" box="[441,523,698,725]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1517,1539]" captionTargetBox="[219,1367,191,1493]" captionTargetId="figure-29@9.[219,1367,190,1493]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sporodochial layers CLSM. A. Upper region (UR), Sporogenous Region composed of a phialidic hymenium (SR), Basal region (BR) composed of haustorial mother cells and subhymenial layer that gives rise to SR. B. Basal most layer above insect cuticle 4-5 rows thick. White circle indicates thick haustorial mother cells that give rise to a subcuticular layer of haustoria that penetrates the host cuticle. White arrows indicate major penetration points between T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. and host cuticle. C. Confocal stack of tetralocular junctures between host cuticle and parasite. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797504" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797504/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.5C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64CFFBBFF420D86FE341BC5" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFF420D86FD851AC9" box="[189,591,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">The sporogenous hymenium region</emphasis>
|
||
—This region consists of a thick hymenium of tightly appressed phialides (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFF6F0C5AFF2E1B2D" box="[144,228,770,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,192,1555]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[151,1436,190,1555]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microscopic ultrastructure of T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. sporodochium. A. Transverse section of a single sporodochium resting upon the cuticle of the host. B. Transverse view of the bivalve flap terminations of the phialides. C. Rectangular conidia assemblage within the phialide are formed endogenously and in basipetal succession D. Fixed conidiogenous locus in which spore differentiation occurs (Cl) E. Basal region of the sporodochium in right corner of image showing initial phialidic growth, and left bottom of image shows thick haustorial layer (Hs) extending below the host cuticle (termite). F. Host cuticle (Hc) with underlaying haustoria. Scale bars: A—100 μm, B—5 μm, C—10 μm, D—50 μm, E—30 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797506/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.6A</figureCitation>
|
||
), comprised of long rod-shaped conidiogenous cells 14–22 μm in length, which differentiate into asexual conidia at a fixed conidiogenous locus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFDB40C7EFD0A1B71" box="[587,704,806,832]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,192,1555]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[151,1436,190,1555]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microscopic ultrastructure of T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. sporodochium. A. Transverse section of a single sporodochium resting upon the cuticle of the host. B. Transverse view of the bivalve flap terminations of the phialides. C. Rectangular conidia assemblage within the phialide are formed endogenously and in basipetal succession D. Fixed conidiogenous locus in which spore differentiation occurs (Cl) E. Basal region of the sporodochium in right corner of image showing initial phialidic growth, and left bottom of image shows thick haustorial layer (Hs) extending below the host cuticle (termite). F. Host cuticle (Hc) with underlaying haustoria. Scale bars: A—100 μm, B—5 μm, C—10 μm, D—50 μm, E—30 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797506/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig 6B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The phialides are approximately 1.5–1.2 μm in diameter and the conidiogenous locus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFE7E0C12FE191B55" box="[385,467,842,868]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1579,1601]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,192,1555]" captionTargetId="figure-18@10.[151,1436,190,1555]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Microscopic ultrastructure of T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. sporodochium. A. Transverse section of a single sporodochium resting upon the cuticle of the host. B. Transverse view of the bivalve flap terminations of the phialides. C. Rectangular conidia assemblage within the phialide are formed endogenously and in basipetal succession D. Fixed conidiogenous locus in which spore differentiation occurs (Cl) E. Basal region of the sporodochium in right corner of image showing initial phialidic growth, and left bottom of image shows thick haustorial layer (Hs) extending below the host cuticle (termite). F. Host cuticle (Hc) with underlaying haustoria. Scale bars: A—100 μm, B—5 μm, C—10 μm, D—50 μm, E—30 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797506" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797506/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.6D</figureCitation>
|
||
), the initial point of asexual spore differentiation, occurs 20–25μm, from the base of each hymenial phialide. Each collarette contains 8–9 rectangular, catenate conidia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFBB00C36FB0B1BB9" box="[1103,1217,878,904]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-29@11.[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7.Phialide and spores SEM.A.internal surface of the hymenial phialide, with denseminute filamentous coating B. Sporogenous structure prior to endogenous division at conidiogenous loci. C. Rectangular, catenate conidial spores located beyond the conidiogenous locus indicated by arrow. Scale bars:A—500 nm, B—3.0 μm, C—2 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797508/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.7B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
), and approximately 11–13 spores can be found in the phialide during this time. Under high-definition microscopy, the internal surface of the hymenial phialides are coated with a dense mat of minute filaments that appear to be restricted to the upper 3/4th of the secondary canals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFE610C82FE3B1BC5" box="[414,497,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-29@11.[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7.Phialide and spores SEM.A.internal surface of the hymenial phialide, with denseminute filamentous coating B. Sporogenous structure prior to endogenous division at conidiogenous loci. C. Rectangular, catenate conidial spores located beyond the conidiogenous locus indicated by arrow. Scale bars:A—500 nm, B—3.0 μm, C—2 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797508/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.7A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64CFFBBFF420CA6FB551CC1" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFF420CA6FE571C28" box="[189,413,1022,1049]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
The upper region
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFE7E0CA7FE571C28" bold="true" box="[385,413,1023,1049]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">—</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
At the superficial level of the sporodochia, a dark, peripheral expiculum surrounds a region resembling a hexagonal honeycomb (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFDD20B7AFD501C0D" box="[557,666,1058,1084]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-29@11.[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7.Phialide and spores SEM.A.internal surface of the hymenial phialide, with denseminute filamentous coating B. Sporogenous structure prior to endogenous division at conidiogenous loci. C. Rectangular, catenate conidial spores located beyond the conidiogenous locus indicated by arrow. Scale bars:A—500 nm, B—3.0 μm, C—2 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797508/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.7A,C</figureCitation>
|
||
). This pattern is formed by fields of terminating phialides (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFACA0B7AFA4E1C0D" box="[1333,1412,1058,1084]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1650,1672]" captionTargetBox="[187,1416,686,1610]" captionTargetId="figure-205@4.[151,1436,655,1626]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. T. hexasporodochia sp. nov. host. A. Dorsal view of soldier and worker caste morphology useful in termite species identification. Ventral view of un-infested worker and location of paired sporodochia on abdominal segments 4-6 on infested workers (rare). Corresponding confocal images of longitudinal abdominal muscles included on far right of figure, with apparent abdominal swelling in infested worker muscle. B. Light microscope images of intact un-infested termite worker and infested termite worker intact. Scale bars: 500 μm, 500 μm, 100 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis. Illustrated by Megan Wilson." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797500/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.3B</figureCitation>
|
||
) of elongate tubes referred to as
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFE2A0B1FFD521C51" box="[469,664,1094,1120]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">textura angularis</emphasis>
|
||
, the apices of which are bivalved (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFBD20B1EFB6E1C51" box="[1069,1188,1094,1120]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-29@11.[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7.Phialide and spores SEM.A.internal surface of the hymenial phialide, with denseminute filamentous coating B. Sporogenous structure prior to endogenous division at conidiogenous loci. C. Rectangular, catenate conidial spores located beyond the conidiogenous locus indicated by arrow. Scale bars:A—500 nm, B—3.0 μm, C—2 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797508/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig 7B–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The apical valves are formed by two isosceles trapezoidal flaps that fit closely together to form a large circular pad of thousands of hexagons (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFF6E0BD6FF2E1C99" box="[145,228,1166,1192]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-29@11.[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7.Phialide and spores SEM.A.internal surface of the hymenial phialide, with denseminute filamentous coating B. Sporogenous structure prior to endogenous division at conidiogenous loci. C. Rectangular, catenate conidial spores located beyond the conidiogenous locus indicated by arrow. Scale bars:A—500 nm, B—3.0 μm, C—2 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797508/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.7D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Visible from confocal stack images just below the pad surface, each sporodochia appears densely populated with hexagonal pores, with the conidial spores visible within each tubular hymenial channel leading to the apical pore valves (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1372CCA3F64CFFBBFF200B8EFEFB1CC1" box="[223,305,1238,1264]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1598,1620]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetId="figure-29@11.[194,1394,190,1573]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 7.Phialide and spores SEM.A.internal surface of the hymenial phialide, with denseminute filamentous coating B. Sporogenous structure prior to endogenous division at conidiogenous loci. C. Rectangular, catenate conidial spores located beyond the conidiogenous locus indicated by arrow. Scale bars:A—500 nm, B—3.0 μm, C—2 μm. Photographed by Steve Davis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7797508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7797508/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Fig.7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). On average, a sporodochia contains approximately
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7DB6E1F64CFFBBFC7C0B8EFC1A1CC1" box="[899,976,1238,1264]" degrees="12,000" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" precision="55" value="12.0">12,000</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE7DB6E1F64CFFBBFC2F0B8EFBE11CC1" box="[976,1067,1238,1264]" degrees="14,000" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" precision="55" value="-14.0">–14,000</geoCoordinate>
|
||
phialides.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF6D026F64CFFBBFF420BA2FC961ED9" blockId="7.[136,1452,158,1769]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
Overall, the most striking feature of
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFD950BA3FBC41D25" box="[618,1038,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFD950BA3FC611D25" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[618,939,1274,1300]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">Termitaria hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64CFFBBFC490BA3FBC41D25" box="[950,1038,1275,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is apparent in the arrangement and ultrastructure of the six moderately-sized, black-rimmed, elliptical sporodochia it forms on its termite host. Of all members of the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFE740A1AFDD71D6D" box="[395,541,1346,1372]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">Kathistaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the formation of sporodochia on termites is diagnostic for members of the genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFF770A3FFF351DB1" authorityName=", Thaxter" authorityYear="1920" box="[136,255,1383,1408]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFF770A3FFF351DB1" box="[136,255,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Termitaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFEC90A3EFE761DB1" authorityName="S.Colla" authorityYear="1929" box="[310,444,1382,1408]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Mattirolella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFEC90A3EFE761DB1" box="[310,444,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Mattirolella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, hence why we focus on those two genera in assessing the new species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFB100A3FFA5B1DB1" authorityName="M.Blackwell, R.A.Samson & J.W.Kimbrough" authorityYear="1980" box="[1263,1425,1383,1408]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitariopsis" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFB100A3FFA5B1DB1" box="[1263,1425,1383,1408]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Termitariopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only remaining member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFE1A0AD2FDBE1D95" box="[485,628,1418,1444]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="family">Kathistaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
which forms sporodochia, although it does not use termites as a host and exhibits sporodochial features absent in the other two genera (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64CFFBBFCAF0AF6FC7C1DF9" box="[848,950,1454,1480]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="12.[129,197,526,546]" captionTargetId="graphics-43@12.[129,1998,576,1733]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 2a.Sporodochia-forming fungi (Kathistaceae) identification summary. Significant characters and morphological measurements of asexual features of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and pre-existing literature included." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF647FFB0FF7E0D56FF041A0F" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" tableUuid="DF3680AEF647FFB0FF7E0D56FF041A0F">Table 2a</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFC330AF6FBFE1DF9" box="[972,1076,1454,1480]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Kathistes" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFC330AF6FBFE1DF9" box="[972,1076,1454,1480]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Kathistes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera do not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFB1C0AF6FA611DF9" box="[1251,1451,1454,1480]" form="sporodochia" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" rank="form">form sporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
and are described instead off of their sexual form, whereas
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFCCB0A8BFB191DDD" box="[820,1235,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFCCB0A8BFBB91DDD" authority="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware, 2023" authorityName="Wilson & Emam & Davis & Hall & Barden & Ware" authorityYear="2023" box="[820,1139,1490,1516]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="hexasporodochia" status="sp. nov.">Termitaria hexasporodochia</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20EB14FF64CFFBBFB830A8BFB191DDD" box="[1148,1235,1491,1516]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is described by its asexual sporodochia form. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFDC50AAFFCEC1E21" box="[570,806,1526,1552]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Ectomyces" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="calotermi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFDC50AAFFCEC1E21" box="[570,806,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Ectomyces calotermi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, described on termites to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFBAF0AAEFAEA1E21" box="[1104,1312,1526,1552]" form="sporodochial" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" rank="form">form sporodochial</taxonomicName>
|
||
lesions, has been synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFE630943FD331E05" authority="(Tate 1928)" baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[412,761,1562,1588]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="snyderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFE630943FDA61E05" box="[412,620,1562,1588]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Termitaria snyderi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD8ADD7F64CFFBBFD830942FD3B1E05" author="Tate, P." box="[636,753,1562,1588]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" pagination="77 - 78" refId="ref10311" refString="Tate, P. (1928) Notes on the Genera Ectomyces and Termitaria, Fungi Parasitic on Termites. Parasitology 20 (1): 77 - 78. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 003118200001146 X" type="journal article" year="1928">Tate 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a species described in this article. No further examination is needed on this genus as its synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFDD10967FD571E69" baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[558,669,1598,1624]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="snyderi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFDD10967FD571E69" box="[558,669,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">T. snyderi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is examined here. We place the new species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFB430967FAF91E69" authorityName=", Thaxter" authorityYear="1920" box="[1212,1331,1599,1624]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFB430967FAF91E69" box="[1212,1331,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Termitaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because it lacks the defining features of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFE2C093AFD931E4D" authorityName="S.Colla" authorityYear="1929" box="[467,601,1634,1660]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Mattirolella" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFE2C093AFD931E4D" box="[467,601,1634,1660]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Mattirolella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: sterile hyphae interspersed with fertile hyphae and an epihymenium (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64CFFBBFA93093AFF6C1E91" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="12.[129,197,526,546]" captionTargetId="graphics-43@12.[129,1998,576,1733]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 2a.Sporodochia-forming fungi (Kathistaceae) identification summary. Significant characters and morphological measurements of asexual features of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and pre-existing literature included." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF647FFB0FF7E0D56FF041A0F" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" tableUuid="DF3680AEF647FFB0FF7E0D56FF041A0F">Table 2a</tableCitation>
|
||
). The new species can be differentiated from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFD1209DFFC761E91" box="[749,956,1670,1696]" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFD1209DFFCAE1E91" box="[749,868,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">Termitaria</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by sporodochial length (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFB2709DFFAB11E91" box="[1240,1403,1671,1696]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="macrospora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFB2709DFFAB11E91" box="[1240,1403,1671,1696]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">T. macrospora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFF7709F3FE831EF5" box="[136,329,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFF7709F3FEF71EF5" box="[136,317,1706,1732]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rhombicarpa">T. rhombicarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sporodochial shape (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFDBD09F3FCC91EF5" box="[578,771,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFDBD09F3FD3D1EF5" box="[578,759,1706,1732]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="rhombicarpa">T. rhombicarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
phialide lengths (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93D0C34F64CFFBBFC2809F3FADE1EF5" box="[983,1300,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="113">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFC2809F3FB5E1EF5" box="[983,1172,1706,1732]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="longiphialidis">T. longiphialidis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C49ABA5F64CFFBBFB5C09F3FADE1EF5" baseAuthorityName="Tate" baseAuthorityYear="1928" box="[1187,1300,1706,1732]" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Kathistaceae" genus="Termitaria" kingdom="Fungi" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="snyderi">T. snyderi</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), location of conidiogenous locus, spore size, and haustorial depth (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6CBE59DF64CFFBBFD150996FC841ED9" box="[746,846,1742,1768]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="12.[129,197,526,546]" captionTargetId="graphics-43@12.[129,1998,576,1733]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="TABLE 2a.Sporodochia-forming fungi (Kathistaceae) identification summary. Significant characters and morphological measurements of asexual features of Termitaria and Mattirolella from this study and pre-existing literature included." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3680AEF647FFB0FF7E0D56FF041A0F" pageId="7" pageNumber="113" tableUuid="DF3680AEF647FFB0FF7E0D56FF041A0F">Table 2a</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |