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<document id="7A03CE6F9848408F225F4BA8A7C9C812" ID-CLB-Dataset="39201" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d89b13f9-dd18-4b60-a926-f1e2509c941f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="244050" ID-ZooBank="0D7EB842-F5BB-4F6B-8461-14E9D1FB26A8" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461365031454" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hibino, Yusuke &amp; Kimura, Seishi" docDate="2015" docId="03E0523BB976FFDEFF54FF33FDEDE4A8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04060p070.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4060 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Muraenichthys Bleeker 1853" docType="treatment" docVersion="11" masterDocId="FFD92A43B974FFDDFFC3FFA4FFB8E45E" masterDocTitle="A new species of Muraenichthys (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from the Indo- Pacific, with revised generic diagnosis" updateTime="1698661938719" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1E83F96A3A6F87A8EF410AC843304FF7">A new species of Muraenichthys (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from the Indo- Pacific, with revised generic diagnosis</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="92EA40424AEC9F4B1BBC2D3C85192590" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="ADEBBE780903B7ADD7446F5E3BBB844B">Hibino, Yusuke</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B97B047A6C642187AC4A9C12E6F71BD2">Kimura, Seishi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CDD9C95D4D43183434A15096DC2DC083">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6922BAB76A6651078746FB1E3897A8E8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3F48EE7ACDDAAD39A30B81A11DD93C23">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="16D053759293851E3641337CE11EBDEC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9BF3B4CF15F370C2396535778C6A6F1E">4060</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="B0E249E79784B7B30C94176E4665B5B8">journal volume</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="FC9297DB1286E104FD1D9016A77A3749" type="CLB-Dataset">39201</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CAB8C482669750A161779F488A1DE37E" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4060.1.10</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0173C4849F2B0C163CFF1731CDA452AE" type="GBIF-Dataset">d89b13f9-dd18-4b60-a926-f1e2509c941f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E5CCCD2A52AADD8B076E9CF9FF04F6C2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E0523BB976FFDEFF54FF33FDEDE4A8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5692157" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119649152" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5692157" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E0523BB976FFDEFF54FF33FDEDE4A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E0523BB976FFDEFF54FF33FDEDE4A8" lastPageId="3" pageId="2">
<subSubSection id="C353B0A6B976FFDFFF54FF33FD83E4EE" box="[151,571,151,176]" pageId="2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF6E32DB976FFDFFF54FF33FD83E4EE" blockId="2.[151,571,151,176]" box="[151,571,151,176]" pageId="2">
<heading id="D0BE5441B976FFDFFF54FF33FD83E4EE" bold="true" box="[151,571,151,176]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" reason="2">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF54FF33FD83E4EE" bold="true" box="[151,571,151,176]" pageId="2">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFF29FF33FD83E4EE" ID-CoL="5VRW" ID-ENA="190108" authority="Bleeker 1853" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1853" box="[234,571,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF29FF33FE22E4EE" bold="true" box="[234,410,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
Bleeker 1853
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C353B0A6B976FFDFFF54FF7DFBBCE4B1" box="[151,1028,217,239]" pageId="2" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BF6E32DB976FFDFFF54FF7DFBBCE4B1" blockId="2.[151,1028,217,239]" box="[151,1028,217,239]" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFF54FF7DFE51E4B1" ID-CoL="5VRW" authority="Bleeker 1853:505" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityPageNumber="505" authorityYear="1853" box="[151,489,217,239]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF54FF7DFE97E4B1" box="[151,303,217,239]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
Bleeker 1853:505
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54F25D8FB976FFDFFE34FF7DFD9CE4B1" box="[503,548,217,239]" pageId="2">type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFD42FF7EFC41E4B1" authority="Bleeker 1853" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1853" box="[641,1017,217,239]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnopterus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFD42FF7EFCDFE4B1" box="[641,871,218,239]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraena gymnopterus</emphasis>
Bleeker 1853
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C353B0A6B976FFDFFF54FEB1FA2CE5BC" pageId="2" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF6E32DB976FFDFFF54FEB1FA2CE5BC" blockId="2.[151,1436,277,482]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF54FEB1FEA8E570" bold="true" box="[151,272,277,302]" pageId="2">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A genus of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFDDFFEB1FD0CE570" box="[540,692,277,302]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Ophichthidae</taxonomicName>
, subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFCFAFEB1FC7BE570" box="[825,963,277,302]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Myrophinae">Myrophinae</taxonomicName>
, defined by the following combination of characters: eyes located anterior to mid-jaw; inner hole of posterior nostril above upper lip, and outer hole usually outside of mouth, with a prominent but short projected flap anteriorly (
<figureCitation id="1372FFA8B976FFDFFC61FEF9FC5CE528" box="[930,996,349,374]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[410,1158,294,1415]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[408,1179,263,1429]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Shape of posterior nostril of Muraenichthys schulzei, USNM 378716, 99.8 mm TL (a), Muraenichthys velinasalis sp. nov., USNM 313976, holotype, 281.0 mm TL (b), and Scolecenchelys aoki, FRLM 45698, 318.0 mm TL (c). AN, anterior nostril; IH, inner hole of posterior nostril; PF, projected flap on anterior corner of posterior nostril. Arrows indicate outer hole of posterior nostril; broken circles indicate inner hole; and broken lines indicate inner edge of upper lips." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244052/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a, b); a single pore between anterior and posterior nostrils; three preopercular pores; teeth on jaws, vomer, and intermaxillary area; tooth shape variable, blunt to pointed but not distinctly recurved and tooth length equal or less than a half of eye diameter; teeth on jaws and vomer arranged in one to five rows; gill opening constricted, its height&lt;170% of eye diameter; pectoral fins absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF36B3A5B976FFDFFF54FC72FD8BE056" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244051/files/figure.png" pageId="2" targetBox="[151,1436,537,960]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BF6E32DB976FFDFFF54FC72FD8BE056" blockId="2.[151,1436,982,1032]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF54FC72FEB6E7B5" bold="true" box="[151,270,982,1003]" pageId="2">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFE50FC72FDD7E7B5" box="[403,623,982,1003]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnopterus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFE50FC72FDD7E7B5" box="[403,623,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraena gymnopterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 223.0 mm TL, RMNH.PISC. 7165 (
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFC22FC72FC55E7B5" bold="true" box="[993,1005,982,1003]" pageId="2">a</emphasis>
) and Bleeker specimen of
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFB3BFC72FA2EE7B5" box="[1272,1430,982,1003]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnopterus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFB3BFC72FA2EE7B5" box="[1272,1430,982,1003]" italics="true" pageId="2">M. gymnopterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, BMNH 1867.11.28.301, 325.0 mm TL (
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFDDBFC57FD9DE056" bold="true" box="[536,549,1011,1032]" pageId="2">b</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C353B0A6B976FFDFFF04FBEFFCB3E1C2" pageId="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF6E32DB976FFDFFF04FBEFFCB3E1C2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1099,2026]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF04FBEFFEE0E03A" bold="true" box="[199,344,1099,1124]" pageId="2">Description.</emphasis>
Body elongate, cylindrical or subcylindrical, laterally compressed posteriorly. Snout usually broad and blunt; mouth inferior, distance from the tip of snout to tip of lower jaw usually almost equal to eye diameter; anterior nostril tubular; inner hole of posterior nostril above upper lip, and outer hole usually outside of mouth, with a prominent but short projected flap anteriorly; eyes located anterior half of mid-jaw; mouth large, rictus of mouth much behind posterior margin of eye; teeth on jaws, vomer, and intermaxillary area, its shape and arrangement variable; cephalic sensory pores small but conspicuous; supraorbital, infraorbital, preoperculomandibular, supratemporal, interorbital and mid-temporal pores present; lateral-line pores small but conspicuous, ending before posterior half of tail; gill opening constricted, opening ventrolaterally; median fins low, dorsal-fin origin located about mid-trunk to behind a vertical through mid-anus; caudal fin small but conspicuous, confluent with dorsal and anal fins; pectoral fins absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C353B0A6B976FFDEFF04FA02FDEDE4A8" lastPageId="3" pageId="2" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BF6E32DB976FFDFFF04FA02FB63E347" blockId="2.[151,1437,1099,2026]" pageId="2">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF04FA02FE80E1E1" bold="true" box="[199,312,1446,1471]" pageId="2">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD89EDCB976FFDFFEFCFA02FDD2E1E1" author="Castle" box="[319,618,1446,1471]" pageId="2" refString="Castle, P. H. J. &amp; McCosker, J. E. (1999) A new genus and two new species of myrophine worm-eels, with comments on Muraenichthys and Scolecenchelys (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae). Records of the Australian Museum, 51, 113 - 122. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.51.1999.1300" type="journal article" year="1999">Castle &amp; McCosker (1999)</bibRefCitation>
divided
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFD08FA02FCD7E1E0" box="[715,879,1446,1470]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFD08FA02FCD7E1E0" box="[715,879,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFC64FA02FBF4E1E0" box="[935,1100,1446,1470]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Scolecenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFC64FA02FBF4E1E0" box="[935,1100,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="2">Scolecenchelys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFB40FA02FA9EE1E0" box="[1155,1318,1446,1470]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFB40FA02FA9EE1E0" box="[1155,1318,1446,1470]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and stated that
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFF11FA6DFECEE1BF" box="[210,374,1481,1505]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF11FA6DFECEE1BF" box="[210,374,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from two similar genera,
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFC17FA6DFBCEE1BF" box="[980,1142,1481,1505]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Skythrenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFC17FA6DFBCEE1BF" box="[980,1142,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2">Skythrenchelys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFB00FA6DFAD0E1BF" box="[1219,1384,1481,1505]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Scolecenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFB00FA6DFAD0E1BF" box="[1219,1384,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="2">Scolecenchelys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by morphological characters including the shape and arrangement of teeth (blunt and multiserial in
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFB2AFA48FA34E25A" box="[1257,1420,1516,1540]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFB2AFA48FA34E25A" box="[1257,1420,1516,1540]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Although
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFECBF9ABFE06E278" box="[264,446,1551,1574]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Muraenidae" genus="Muraena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnopterus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFECBF9ABFE06E278" box="[264,446,1551,1574]" italics="true" pageId="2">M. gymnopterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFE38F9AAFD55E278" box="[507,749,1550,1574]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hattae">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFE38F9AAFD55E278" box="[507,749,1550,1574]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys hattae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD89EDCB976FFDFFD34F9AAFC42E279" author="Jordan" box="[759,1018,1550,1575]" pageId="2" refString="Jordan, D. S. &amp; Snyder, J. O. (1901) A review of the apodal fishes or eels of Japan, with descriptions of nineteen new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 23, 837 - 890. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.23 - 1239.837" type="journal article" year="1901">
<collectingCountry id="F35EA3BDB976FFDFFD34F9AAFCF8E279" box="[759,832,1550,1575]" name="Jordan" pageId="2">Jordan</collectingCountry>
&amp; Snyder 1901
</bibRefCitation>
have blunt and granular teeth, some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFEDAF995FE04E217" box="[281,444,1585,1609]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFEDAF995FE04E217" box="[281,444,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have pointed and conical teeth on their upper jaws (
<tableCitation id="C6CBD696B976FFDFFB81F995FB24E217" box="[1090,1180,1585,1610]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,231,1517,1538]" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of teeth shape and arrangement of Muraenichthys." pageId="2">Table 1</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="1372FFA8B976FFDFFB71F995FB42E217" box="[1202,1274,1585,1610]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,244,1114,1135]" captionTargetBox="[274,1301,485,1087]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[265,1322,479,1092]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Shape of vomerine teeth (a, b, c) and upper-jaw teeth (d, e, f) in Muraenichthys. a M. gymnopterus, USNM 243005, 222.0 mm TL; b M. philippinensis, USNM 134951, holotype, 89.0 mm TL; c M. thompsoni, NMMB-P 17508, 174.8 mm TL; outer-row tooth (d) and inner-row tooth (e) of M. schultzei, BMNH 1867.11. 28.331, holotype, 94.0 mm SL; f M. velinasalis sp. nov., AMS I. 20463 - 0 60, 158.3 mm TL. Arrows indicate tips of each tooth." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244053/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFF54F9F0FD52E232" authority="Schultz &amp; Woods 1949" authorityName="Schultz &amp; Woods" authorityYear="1949" box="[151,746,1619,1644]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philippinensis">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF54F9F0FE64E232" box="[151,476,1620,1644]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys philippinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD89EDCB976FFDFFE26F9F7FD52E232" author="Schultz" box="[485,746,1619,1644]" pageId="2" refString="Schultz, L. P. &amp; Woods, L. P. (1949) Keys to the genera of echelid eels and the species of Muraenichthys of the Pacific, with two new species. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 39, 169 - 174." type="journal article" year="1949">Schultz &amp; Woods 1949</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFCE7F9F0FBCDE232" authority="Weber" authorityName="Weber" box="[804,1141,1619,1644]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sibogae">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFCE7F9F0FB9DE232" box="[804,1061,1620,1644]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys sibogae</emphasis>
Weber
</taxonomicName>
&amp; de
<bibRefCitation id="EFD89EDCB976FFDFFB03F9F7FAE7E232" author="Beaufort" box="[1216,1375,1619,1644]" pageId="2" refString="Weber, M. &amp; de Beaufort, J. F. (1916) The fishes of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. III. Ostariophysi: II Cyprinoidea, Apodes, Synbranchi. E. J. Brill, Leiden, xv + 455 pp." type="book" year="1916">Beaufort 1916</bibRefCitation>
have uniserial teeth on their upper jaws. Consequently, we cannot regard the tooth morphology stated in
<bibRefCitation id="EFD89EDCB976FFDFFB07F9D2FF67E2EF" author="Castle" pageId="2" refString="Castle, P. H. J. &amp; McCosker, J. E. (1999) A new genus and two new species of myrophine worm-eels, with comments on Muraenichthys and Scolecenchelys (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae). Records of the Australian Museum, 51, 113 - 122. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.51.1999.1300" type="journal article" year="1999">Castle &amp; McCosker (1999)</bibRefCitation>
as a synapomorphy or diagnosis of
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFDA0F93DFCBFE2EF" box="[611,775,1689,1713]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFDA0F93DFCBFE2EF" box="[611,775,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFD89EDCB976FFDFFCD7F93DFB82E2EF" author="Castle" box="[788,1082,1689,1714]" pageId="2" refString="Castle, P. H. J. &amp; McCosker, J. E. (1999) A new genus and two new species of myrophine worm-eels, with comments on Muraenichthys and Scolecenchelys (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae). Records of the Australian Museum, 51, 113 - 122. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.51.1999.1300" type="journal article" year="1999">Castle &amp; McCosker (1999)</bibRefCitation>
also defined that
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFB3BF93DFA23E2EF" box="[1272,1435,1689,1713]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFB3BF93DFA23E2EF" box="[1272,1435,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has two or three preopercular sensory pores. In our examination, all currently valid species of the genus have three except for
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFED3F97AFD54E2A9" authority="Bleeker 1864" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1864" box="[272,748,1758,1783]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macrostomus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFED3F97AFDF5E2A8" box="[272,589,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys macrostomus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD89EDCB976FFDFFD94F97AFD54E2A9" author="Bleeker" box="[599,748,1758,1783]" pageId="2" refString="Bleeker, P. (1864) Poissonsinedits indo-archipelagiques de l'ordre des Murenes. Nederlandsch Tijdschriftvoor de Dierkunde, 2, 38 - 54." type="journal article" year="1864">Bleeker 1864</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
has two. This species was transferred into
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFB16F97AFACFE2A8" box="[1237,1399,1758,1782]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Skythrenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFB16F97AFACFE2A8" box="[1237,1399,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="2">Skythrenchelys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFD89EDCB976FFDFFF54F8A5FEC9E347" box="[151,369,1793,1818]" pageId="2" refString="Hibino, Y., McCosker, J. E. &amp; Kimura, S. (2013) Redescription of a rare worm eel, Muraenichthys macrostomus Bleeker, 1864, a senior synonym of Skythrenchelys lentiginosa Castle and McCosker, 1999 (Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae, Myrophinae). Ichthyological Research. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10228 - 013 - 0337 - z" type="journal article">
Hibino
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF2AF8A6FE98E347" box="[233,288,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="2">et al.</emphasis>
(2013)
</bibRefCitation>
, such that all members of
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFD4DF8A5FC8AE347" box="[654,818,1793,1817]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFD4DF8A5FC8AE347" box="[654,818,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have three preopercular sensory pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF6E32DB976FFDEFF04F880FDEDE4A8" blockId="2.[151,1437,1099,2026]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,246]" lastPageId="3" pageId="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFF04F880FED7E362" box="[199,367,1828,1852]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Muraenichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFF04F880FED7E362" box="[199,367,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="2">Muraenichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFD63F880FCF2E362" box="[672,842,1828,1852]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Scolecenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFD63F880FCF2E362" box="[672,842,1828,1852]" italics="true" pageId="2">Scolecenchelys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of infraorbital sensory pores between the nostrils (one vs. two), the location of the eye (anterior to mid-jaw vs. posterior to mid-jaw), the shape and position of the posterior nostril (inner hole located above upper lip, outer hole usually opening outside of mouth with a projected flap anteriorly vs. inner hole located along upper lip or inside mouth, concealed by a dermal flap but without a prominent flap anteriorly) (
<figureCitation id="1372FFA8B976FFDFFDA8F80AFD08E399" box="[619,688,1966,1991]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,1459,1480]" captionTargetBox="[410,1158,294,1415]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[408,1179,263,1429]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Shape of posterior nostril of Muraenichthys schulzei, USNM 378716, 99.8 mm TL (a), Muraenichthys velinasalis sp. nov., USNM 313976, holotype, 281.0 mm TL (b), and Scolecenchelys aoki, FRLM 45698, 318.0 mm TL (c). AN, anterior nostril; IH, inner hole of posterior nostril; PF, projected flap on anterior corner of posterior nostril. Arrows indicate outer hole of posterior nostril; broken circles indicate inner hole; and broken lines indicate inner edge of upper lips." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/244052/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); and from
<taxonomicName id="4C4998AEB976FFDFFCF5F80AFC65E398" box="[822,989,1966,1990]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Ophichthidae" genus="Skythrenchelys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93D3F3FB976FFDFFCF5F80AFC65E398" box="[822,989,1966,1990]" italics="true" pageId="2">Skythrenchelys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the number of preopercular sensory pores (three vs. two), size and shape of teeth (length of largest tooth on upper jaw equal or less than a half of eye diameter and sometime weakly recurved vs. more than a half of eye diameter and strongly recurved), teeth on the maxilla (70% or less vs. 80% or more), shape and length of gill-opening (constricted vs. unconstricted; 170% of eye diameter or less vs. 200% or more).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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