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<mods:title id="1D05DB9D551369BE78C19A6C2955E170">Encyocratella olivacea Strand, 1907, a senior synonym of Xenodendrophila gabrieli Gallon, 2003 (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Stromatopelminae) with a description of the male</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="B9690F45EB40FFEDFE8A52A6EECEF95C" bold="true" box="[264,432,1705,1731]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Encyocratella</emphasis>
Strand, 1907
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<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB40FFEDFE8A52E5ED14F89F" ID-CoL="4BJP" authority="Strand 1907 a: 556" authorityName="Strand" authorityPageNumber="556" authorityYear="1907" box="[264,618,1769,1793]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Encyocratella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB40FFEDFE8A52E5EEE3F89E" box="[264,413,1770,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Encyocratella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CAEA6EB40FFEDFE2652E6ED14F89F" author="Strand, E." box="[420,618,1769,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" pagination="525 - 558" refId="ref4147" refString="Strand, E. (1907 a) Vorlaufige Diagnosen afrikanischer und sudamerikanischer Spinnen. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 31, 525 - 558." type="journal article" year="1907">Strand 1907a: 556</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8CAEA6EB40FFEDFDF752E6EC55F89F" author="Raven, R. J." box="[629,811,1769,1792]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" pagination="1 - 180" refId="ref4021" refString="Raven, R. J. (1985) The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 182, 1 - 180." type="journal article" year="1985">Raven 1985: 152</bibRefCitation>
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(syn.). Revalidated.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA2D357EB40FFEDFE8A5305EDA2F8BE" blockId="1.[264,1028,1769,1825]" box="[264,732,1801,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0DF479EB40FFEDFE8A5305EDA2F8BE" box="[264,732,1801,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABCF546EB40FFEDFE8A5305EDFBF8BF" author="Gallon, R. C." box="[264,645,1801,1825]" page="405" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" year="2003">
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB40FFEDFE8A5305EDFBF8BF" authority="Gallon 2003: 405" authorityName="Gallon" authorityPageNumber="405" authorityYear="2003" box="[264,645,1801,1825]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Xenodendrophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB40FFEDFE8A5305EEBEF8BE" box="[264,448,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Xenodendrophila</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CAEA6EB40FFEDFE455306EDFBF8BF" author="Gallon, R. C." box="[455,645,1801,1824]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" pagination="405 - 411" refId="ref3910" refString="Gallon, R. C. (2003) A new African arboreal genus and species of theraphosid spider (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Stromatopelminae) which lacks spermathecae. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 12 (9), 405 - 411." type="journal article" year="2003">Gallon 2003: 405</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB40FFEDFD0D5306EDA2F8BE" bold="true" box="[655,732,1801,1825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Syn. n.</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BA2D357EB40FFEDFE8A5346EB09F8FC" blockId="1.[264,1143,1865,1891]" box="[264,1143,1865,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
<typeStatus id="54A66DF5EB40FFEDFE8A5346EE3CF8FC" box="[264,322,1865,1891]" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB40FFEDFE2C5346EC27F8FC" authority="Strand, 1907" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1907" box="[430,857,1865,1891]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Encyocratella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="olivacea">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB40FFEDFE2C5346EDC2F8FD" box="[430,700,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Encyocratella olivacea</emphasis>
Strand, 1907
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by original designation.
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Diagnosis: Female and genus diagnosed as
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFCC95513EB6BFEAA" authorityName="Gallon" authorityYear="2003" box="[843,1045,284,309]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Xenodendrophila" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFCC95513EB6BFEAA" box="[843,1045,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Xenodendrophila</emphasis>
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in
<bibRefCitation id="EF8CAEA6EB43FFEEFBC05513EB91FEA9" author="Gallon, R. C." box="[1090,1263,284,310]" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" pagination="405 - 411" refId="ref3910" refString="Gallon, R. C. (2003) A new African arboreal genus and species of theraphosid spider (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Stromatopelminae) which lacks spermathecae. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 12 (9), 405 - 411." type="journal article" year="2003">Gallon (2003)</bibRefCitation>
. The presence of leg spines, less developed tarsal and metatarsal scopulae, absence of lateral leg fringes (
<figureCitation id="1326CFD2EB43FFEEFEF25563ED7DFE19" box="[368,515,364,390]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 10" captionStart-1="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="5.[264,368,1058,1082]" captionStartId-1="5.[264,367,1840,1864]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1323,284,1051]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1323,1124,1829]" captionTargetId-0="figure-43@5.[227,1430,283,1054]" captionTargetId-1="figure-45@5.[264,1323,1124,1829]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 10: Encyocratella olivacea, male (NHM). Body length 37 mm. Photo: R. Gallon." captionText-1="FIGURE 11: Encyocratella olivacea, male showing retrolateral palp fringes (NHM). Photo: R. Gallon." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5048741" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5048743" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5048741/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5048743/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figs. 1011</figureCitation>
) and a broad, keeled embolus, readily distinguish
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFB045563EA54FE1A" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1907" box="[1158,1322,364,389]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Encyocratella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFB045563EA54FE1A" box="[1158,1322,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Encyocratella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFD88559BEDC5FE32" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1881" box="[522,699,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Stromatopelma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFD88559BEDC5FE32" box="[522,699,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Stromatopelma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFD7E559BECE2FE32" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1899" box="[764,924,404,429]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Heteroscodra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFD7E559BECE2FE32" box="[764,924,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Heteroscodra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the only other stromatopelmine genera. In males of both
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFDAC55B3EDA1FE4A" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1881" box="[558,735,444,469]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Stromatopelma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFDAC55B3EDA1FE4A" box="[558,735,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Stromatopelma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFC9855B3ECC4FE4A" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1899" box="[794,954,444,469]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Heteroscodra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFC9855B3ECC4FE4A" box="[794,954,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Heteroscodra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the legs are aspinose, have laterally well­developed leg scopulae, distinct lateral leg fringes (
<figureCitation id="1326CFD2EB43FFEEFC7155EBEBFFFE61" box="[1011,1153,484,510]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 12" captionStart-1="FIGURE 13" captionStartId-0="6.[264,368,1066,1090]" captionStartId-1="6.[264,368,1846,1870]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1323,284,1058]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1323,1127,1836]" captionTargetId-0="figure-42@6.[191,1401,283,1061]" captionTargetId-1="figure-45@6.[244,1336,1124,1838]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 12: Stromatopelma calceatum, male. Body length 38 mm. Photo: R. Gallon." captionText-1="FIGURE 13: Heteroscodra maculata, male. Body length 33 mm. Photo: R. Gallon." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5048745" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5048747" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5048745/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5048747/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figs. 1213</figureCitation>
) and thin, unkeeled emboli. In
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFE655603EDF5FDBA" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1907" box="[487,651,524,549]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Encyocratella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFE655603EDF5FDBA" box="[487,651,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Encyocratella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the ocular tubercle is oval and elevated (
<figureCitation id="1326CFD2EB43FFEEFB095603EA60FDB9" box="[1163,1310,524,550]" captionStart="FIGURES 1417" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1710,1734]" captionTargetBox="[265,1321,989,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-209@7.[265,1321,989,1694]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1417: Stromatopelminae ocular tubercles: 14 holotype female Encyocratella olivacea (ZMB 10484); 15 male E. olivacea (NHM); 16 male Stromatopelma calceatum (ZMB 24730 syntype of S. alicapillatum); 17 male Heteroscodra maculata (RGPC). Scale lines = 1 mm. Photos: R. Gallon." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5048749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5048749/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figs. 1415</figureCitation>
), whereas in both
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFE45563BED06FDD2" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1881" box="[455,632,564,589]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Stromatopelma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFE45563BED06FDD2" box="[455,632,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Stromatopelma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C1DA8D4EB43FFEEFD32563BEC2EFDD2" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1899" box="[688,848,564,589]" class="Arachnida" family="Theraphosidae" genus="Heteroscodra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9690F45EB43FFEEFD32563BEC2EFDD2" box="[688,848,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Heteroscodra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is broadly rectangular and weakly elevated (
<figureCitation id="1326CFD2EB43FFEEFEDA5653EE96FDE9" box="[344,488,604,630]" captionStart="FIGURES 1417" captionStartId="7.[264,382,1710,1734]" captionTargetBox="[265,1321,989,1694]" captionTargetId="figure-209@7.[265,1321,989,1694]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 1417: Stromatopelminae ocular tubercles: 14 holotype female Encyocratella olivacea (ZMB 10484); 15 male E. olivacea (NHM); 16 male Stromatopelma calceatum (ZMB 24730 syntype of S. alicapillatum); 17 male Heteroscodra maculata (RGPC). Scale lines = 1 mm. Photos: R. Gallon." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5048749" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5048749/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Figs. 1617</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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