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<document id="0B691426EDD9DECD340FE76EFF1708FC" ID-DOI="10.1206/0003-0090(2000)254&lt;0001:NWPSAP&gt;2.0.CO;2" ID-ISSN="0003-0090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5350821" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630205523904" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="HUBER, BERNHARD A." docDate="2000" docId="03ACD2768F3CFF80FF44FAD442093CE4" docLanguage="en" docName="B254.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2000 (254)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/perlserv/?request=get-abstract&amp;doi=10.1206%2F0003-0090(2000)254%3C0001%3ANWPSAP%3E2.0.CO%3B2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2B34016C1EBFE58B07368F9517618743.3:BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.journal_article.0cover.type1" docStyleId="2B34016C1EBFE58B07368F9517618743" docStyleName="BulAmeMusNatHis.2000-2010.journal_article.0cover.type1" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Aucana HUBER 2000, NEW GENUS" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="106" masterDocId="FF95AA0E8F54FFE9FFAEFFB840163F6E" masterDocTitle="New World Pholcid Spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): A Revision At Generic Level" masterLastPageNumber="348" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="105" updateTime="1699184877201" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1701E4E83661D2FEBD36A2289EB2723D">New World Pholcid Spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): A Revision At Generic Level</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C31F30EB8F3CFF81FF44FAD442363AED" box="[234,544,1388,1412]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3CFF81FF44FAD442363AED" blockId="104.[234,544,1388,1412]" box="[234,544,1388,1412]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<heading id="D0F2D40C8F3CFF81FF44FAD442363AED" box="[234,544,1388,1412]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FF44FAD441773AEA" ID-CoL="35JP" authority="HUBER, 2000" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[234,353,1388,1412]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FF44FAD441773AEA" bold="true" box="[234,353,1388,1412]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">AUCANA</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24202098F3CFF81FEDDFAD442363AED" box="[371,544,1388,1411]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" rank="genus">NEW GENUS</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F30EB8F3CFF81FF34FA1840A43ABA" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3CFF81FF34FA1840A43ABA" blockId="104.[125,654,1440,1756]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<typeStatus id="54BEDDC28F3CFF81FF34FA1840C23AD8" box="[154,212,1440,1463]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">TYPE</typeStatus>
SPECIES:
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FEE6FA1842073AD9" authority="HUBER, 2000" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[328,529,1440,1463]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platnicki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FEE6FA1842073AD9" box="[328,529,1440,1463]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Aucana platnicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24202098F3CFF81FD8CFA1840B83ABA" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F30EB8F3CFF81FF34FA6341D639EA" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3CFF81FF34FA6341D639EA" blockId="104.[125,654,1440,1756]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
ETYMOLOGY: The generic name is derived from the Incan word
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FE28FA4041D43961" authorityName="Hayward" authorityYear="1953" box="[390,450,1528,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Auca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FE28FA4041D43961" box="[390,450,1528,1551]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Auca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, referring to the unconquered Indians living between the Maipó and
<collectingRegion id="49C1AD828F3CFF81FF4DF98B41573924" box="[227,321,1587,1610]" country="Chile" name="Biobio" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Bío-Bío</collectingRegion>
rivers in
<collectingCountry id="F31223F08F3CFF81FE67F98B421A3924" box="[457,524,1587,1610]" name="Chile" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Chile</collectingCountry>
. More recently the term describes Araucanian Indians living mostly in
<collectingCountry id="F31223F08F3CFF81FEEAF9D541AA39EA" box="[324,444,1645,1668]" name="Argentina" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Argentina</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F30EB8F3CFF81FF34F93344DB3EF9" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3CFF81FF34F93344DB3EF9" blockId="104.[125,654,1440,1756]" lastBlockId="104.[701,1230,208,1756]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
DIAGNOSIS: Tiny pholcids (total length 1.1
<quantity id="4CFDCE858F3CFF81FF1EF910411939D1" box="[176,271,1704,1727]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
), with short legs, globular opisthosoma, eight eyes; distinguished from oth- er short-legged genera by the several small frontal apophyses on the male chelicerae (other South American ninetines have either one pair:
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FCE8FE9043B33E51" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[838,933,296,319]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Nerudia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FCE8FE9043B33E51" box="[838,933,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Nerudia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FC6FFE9044263E51" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[961,1072,296,319]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Kambiwa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FC6FFE9044263E51" box="[961,1072,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Kambiwa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FBE3FE9044D03E51" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[1101,1222,296,319]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Guaranita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FBE3FE9044D03E51" box="[1101,1222,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Guaranita</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FD13FEFE43183E33" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[701,782,326,349]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Enetea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FD13FEFE43183E33" box="[701,782,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Enetea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; or none:
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FC3DFEFE440A3E33" box="[915,1052,326,349]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Gertschiola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FC3DFEFE440A3E33" box="[915,1052,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Gertschiola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FB81FEFE44903E33" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[1071,1158,326,349]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Galapa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FB81FEFE44903E33" box="[1071,1158,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Galapa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the dorsal apophysis proximally on the simple procursus (figs. 403, 407, 411, 417, 426).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F30EB8F3CFF80FD74FE25420A3DD2" lastPageId="105" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3CFF81FD74FE2544023BA2" blockId="104.[701,1230,208,1756]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
DESCRIPTION: Total length ~ 1.1
<quantity id="4CFDCE858F3CFF81FBC4FE2544DC3EDA" box="[1130,1226,413,436]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
. Carapace without thoracic groove. Ocular area not or hardly elevated, with eight eyes, AME smallest; distance PME-ALE relatively small (~ 30 40% of PME diameter). Male clypeus unmodified. Male chelicerae with some small, cone-shaped apophyses frontally, with stridulatory ridges laterally. Male sternum without humps. Male palpal coxa without retrolateral apophysis, femur widened distally, procursus simple, usually with transparent lamellae distally, with dorsal apophysis or projection proximally; bulb large, variable in shape; tarsal organ exposed (examined:
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FCE7FC8043C43C21" authority="HUBER, 2000" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[841,978,824,847]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platnicki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FCE7FC8043C43C21" box="[841,978,824,847]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">A. platnicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24202098F3CFF81FC4CFC8044333C21" box="[994,1061,824,847]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FB9AFC8044633C21" authority="HUBER, 2000" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[1076,1141,824,847]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaala" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FB9AFC8044633C21" box="[1076,1141,824,847]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">kaala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24202098F3CFF81FB2BFC8044D13C21" box="[1157,1223,824,847]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
; figs. 85 87). Legs very short (leg 1 about 3 3.5 × body length; tibia 1 l/d: 15 17), leg formula usually 1423 (in
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FC44FC28445B3CC9" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[1002,1101,912,935]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaala">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FC44FC28445B3CC9" box="[1002,1101,912,935]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">A. kaala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
legs 1 and 4 subequal); legs without spines, without curved and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 distal (at ~ 50 60%); tarsus with only ~ 5 8 pseudosegments. Opisthosoma globular, with darker spots dorsally. Male gonopore without epiandrous spigots (examined:
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FCDBFBE643E83B1B" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[885,1022,1118,1141]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platnicki">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FCDBFBE643E83B1B" box="[885,1022,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">A. platnicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: fig. 133;
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FBD2FBE644AB3B1B" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[1148,1213,1118,1141]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaala">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FBD2FBE644AB3B1B" box="[1148,1213,1118,1141]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">kaala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). ALS with piriform gland spigots (examined:
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FD13FB2043593BC1" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[701,847,1176,1199]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="platnicki">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FD13FB2043593BC1" box="[701,847,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">A. platnicki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3CFF81FCC7FB2043BC3BC1" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[873,938,1176,1199]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaala">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3CFF81FCC7FB2043BC3BC1" box="[873,938,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">kaala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; figs. 156 157), other spinnerets typical for family.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3CFF81FD74FB6B43473A2C" blockId="104.[701,1230,208,1756]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">Sexual dimorphism slight; epigynum extremely simple externally, internally with circular median structure (figs. 405, 409, 413; receptacle?).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3CFF81FD74FAF043BE3909" blockId="104.[701,1230,208,1756]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">MONOPHYLY: The species included share the dorsal projection on the procursus. The Chilean species are extremely similar overall, and very probably form a monophyletic group. The New Caledonian species is included tentatively. It has similar procursi and chelicerae, and further similarities that are otherwise rare among short-legged pholcids: the absence of epiandrous spigots and exposed tarsal organs.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3CFF80FD74F9D5411B3EF9" blockId="104.[701,1230,208,1756]" lastBlockId="105.[119,648,208,906]" lastPageId="105" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
GENERIC RELATIONSHIPS: The genus may be close to several other genera of short-legged pholcids with globular opisthosoma and stridulatory files on the male chelicerae, es- pecially with the North American genus
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3DFF80FDFAFF6840BD3E6B" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Chisosa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3DFF80FDFAFF6840BD3E6B" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Chisosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which shares the exposed tarsal organ and the absence of epiandrous spigots. All other ninetine characters (short legs, distal retrolateral trichobothrium, carapace without thoracic indentation, small size) may be plesiomorphies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3DFF80FF3AFE25420A3DD2" blockId="105.[119,648,208,906]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
SPECIFIC RELATIONSHIPS: The
<typeStatus id="54BEDDC28F3DFF80FE58FE25423E3EDA" box="[502,552,413,436]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">type</typeStatus>
species as well as
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3DFF80FF5DFE0341613EBC" authority="HUBER, 2000" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[243,375,443,466]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Auca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramirezi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3DFF80FF5DFE0341613EBC" box="[243,375,443,466]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">A. ramirezi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24202098F3DFF80FE28FE0341D13EBC" box="[390,455,443,466]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3DFF80FDA9FE0342973EBC" authority="HUBER, 2000" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[519,641,443,466]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Auca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petorca" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3DFF80FDA9FE0342973EBC" box="[519,641,443,466]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">A. petorca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24202098F3DFF80FFD9FE6040AA3E81" box="[119,188,472,495]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, have very similar procursi and identical male chelicerae.
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3DFF80FED1FE4E41E13D63" authority="HUBER, 2000" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[383,503,502,525]" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Auca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paposo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3DFF80FED1FE4E41E13D63" box="[383,503,502,525]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">A. paposo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24202098F3DFF80FDA7FE4D425B3D62" box="[521,589,501,524]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, differs in several aspects (bulb, procursus a simple, ribbon-shaped structure).
<taxonomicName id="4C0518E38F3DFF80FE78FD88422E3D29" authorityName="HUBER" authorityYear="2000" box="[470,568,560,583]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Aucana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kaala">
<emphasis id="B971BF728F3DFF80FE78FD88422E3D29" box="[470,568,560,583]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">A. kaala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows more pronounced differences in procursus and bulb, and has additional apophyses proximally on the male chelicerae; it is assigned tentatively (see Monophyly above).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31F30EB8F3DFF80FF3AFD7B42093CE4" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3DFF80FF3AFD7B40E33D99" blockId="105.[119,648,208,906]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
DISTRIBUTION: Known from
<collectingCountry id="F31223F08F3DFF80FE74FD7B420F3DB4" box="[474,537,707,730]" name="Chile" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Chile</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F31223F08F3DFF80FDFEFD7B40E73D99" name="New Caledonia" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBA63608F3DFF80FF3AFD4542093CE4" blockId="105.[119,648,208,906]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
COMPOSITION: The genus as construed here includes five named species, all of which are newly described below. Apart from that I have seen at least three further species from
<collectingCountry id="F31223F08F3DFF80FFD9FCCB41383CE4" box="[119,302,883,906]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
(in AMNH, QMB).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>