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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714384657BDDF30BDFDC1F947" authority="Mulsant" authorityName="Mulsant" box="[151,524,1729,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bissellata">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BDDF30BDFE51F947" bold="true" box="[151,412,1729,1756]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Coelophora bissellata</emphasis>
Mulsant
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(
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114384657BDD7309AFED2F89B" box="[159,287,1766,1792]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 64" captionStart-1="FIGURE 65" captionStart-2="FIGURE 66" captionStartId-0="97.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionStartId-1="98.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-2="99.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[199,1383,181,1905]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetBox-2="[232,1356,181,1919]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@97.[199,1387,181,1918]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@98.[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetId-2="figure-15@99.[232,1356,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId-0="97" captionTargetPageId-1="98" captionTargetPageId-2="99" captionText-0="FIGURE 64. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant: a. adult, nominate form; b. adult, variant; c. head; d. antenna; e. maxilla; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. coxite; h. spermatheca; i–l. male genitalia: i. tegmen, lateral view; j. tegmen, ventral view; k. penis; l. penis apex." captionText-1="FIGURE 65. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant, life stages: a–k. larva; l–n. pupa; o–r. adult." captionText-2="FIGURE 66. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant, adult, variants: a–d. fully spotted adult; e–h. adult with reduced spots." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261713" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261717" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261719" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/8261713/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/8261717/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/8261719/files/figure.png" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Figs 64–66</figureCitation>
)
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14384657BDDF3156FC18F826" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14384657BDDF3156FADFF8D9" box="[151,1298,1834,1859]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514384657BDDF3156FD89F8D9" author="Mulsant, E." box="[151,580,1834,1858]" page="400" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="1850">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714384657BDDF3156FD89F8D9" authority="Mulsant, 1850: 400" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityPageNumber="400" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,580,1834,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bissellata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BDDF3156FEB5F8D9" box="[151,376,1834,1858]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Coelophora bissellata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514384657BC363156FD89F8D9" author="Mulsant, E." box="[382,580,1834,1858]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 1104" refId="ref117842" refString="Mulsant, E. (1850) Species des Coleopteres Trimeres Securipalpes. Annales des Sciences Physiques et Naturelles, d'Agriculture et d'Industrie, publiees par la Societe nationale d'Agriculture, etc., de Lyon, Deuxieme Serie, 2, 1 - 1104. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8953" type="journal article" year="1850">Mulsant, 1850: 400</bibRefCitation>
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(
<typeStatus id="54D54ED614384657BF193156FD77F8D9" box="[593,698,1834,1858]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
, OMNH; Type locality: le Bengale).—
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514384657B90A3156FAC3F8D9" author="Poorani, J." box="[1090,1294,1834,1858]" page="327" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514384657B90A3156FAC3F8D9" author="Poorani, J." box="[1090,1294,1834,1858]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="307 - 383" refId="ref118931" refString="Poorani, J. (2002 a) An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (excluding Epilachninae) of the Indian subregion. Oriental Insects, 36, 307 - 383. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2002.10417335" type="journal article" year="2002">Poorani 2002a: 327</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414384657BDDF3135FDB8F8FA" blockId="96.[151,1298,1834,1981]" box="[151,629,1865,1891]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14384657BDDF3135FDB8F8FA" box="[151,629,1865,1891]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514384657BDDF3135FDBCF8FA" author="Slipinski, A. &amp; Li, J. &amp; Pang, H." box="[151,625,1865,1891]" page="36" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="2020">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714384657BDDF3135FDBCF8FA" authority=": Slipinski et al. 2020: 36" authorityName="Slipinski" authorityPageNumber="36" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,625,1865,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bisellata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BDDF3135FEA3F8FA" box="[151,366,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Coelophora bisellata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514384657BC333136FDBCF8FA" author="Slipinski, A. &amp; Li, J. &amp; Pang, H." box="[379,625,1865,1891]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref122780" refString="Slipinski, A., Li, J. &amp; Pang, H. (2020) Ladybird Beetles of the Australo-Pacific Region Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Coccinellini. CSIRO Publishing, Clayton, Victoria, 240 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9781486303885" type="book" year="2020">
Ślipiński
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BC943136FDC5F8FA" box="[476,520,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">et al</emphasis>
. 2020: 36
</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414384657BDDF3114FD9DF8E4" blockId="96.[151,1298,1834,1981]" box="[151,592,1895,1920]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14384657BDDF3114FD9DF8E4" box="[151,592,1895,1920]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514384657BDDF3114FD86F8E4" author="Timberlake, P. H." box="[151,587,1895,1920]" page="58" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="1943">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714384657BDDF3114FD86F8E4" authority=": Timberlake 1943: 58" authorityName="Timberlake" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,587,1895,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Spilocaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bissellata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BDDF3114FEA5F81B" box="[151,360,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Spilocaria bissellata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514384657BC3D3114FD86F8E4" author="Timberlake, P. H." box="[373,587,1895,1920]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref123429" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1943) The Coccinellidae or lady beetles of the Koebele collection - Part I. Hawaiian Planters' Record, 47, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1943">Timberlake 1943: 58</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414384657BDDF31FBFCDCF805" blockId="96.[151,1298,1834,1981]" box="[151,785,1926,1950]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14384657BDDF31FBFCDCF805" box="[151,785,1926,1950]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514384657BDDF31FBFCC1F805" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[151,780,1926,1950]" page="62" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="1979">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714384657BDDF31FBFCC1F805" authority=": Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1979: 62" authorityName="Iablokoff-Khnzorian" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,780,1926,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Lemnia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bissellata" subGenus="Spilocaria">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BDDF31FBFF2EF805" box="[151,227,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Lemnia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BDBA31FAFE91F805" box="[242,348,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Spilocaria</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BC2231FAFE06F805" box="[362,459,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">bissellata</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514384657BC9131FAFCC1F805" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[473,780,1926,1950]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" pagination="37 - 75" refId="ref114003" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1979) Genera der Palaarktischen Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer, 75 (1 - 2), 37 - 75." type="journal article" year="1979">Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1979: 62</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414384657BDDF31DAFC18F826" blockId="96.[151,1298,1834,1981]" box="[151,981,1957,1981]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14384657BDDF31DAFC18F826" box="[151,981,1957,1981]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714384657BDDF31DAFE33F826" authority=": Hoang 1983: 74" authorityName="Hoang" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,510,1957,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Lemnia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bissellata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614384657BDDF31DAFE86F826" box="[151,331,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="96" pageNumber="97">Lemnia bissellata</emphasis>
: Hoang 1983: 74
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514384657BF4131D9FC84F826" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[521,841,1957,1981]" page="218" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514384657BF4131D9FC84F826" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[521,841,1957,1981]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref114042" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1982) Les Coccinelles Coleopteres-Coccinellidae. Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctique et Orientale. Boubee, Paris, 568 pp. [in French]" type="book" year="1982">Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982: 218</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514384657BE1B31D9FC1CF826" author="Yu, G." box="[851,977,1957,1981]" page="74" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514384657BE1B31D9FC1CF826" author="Yu, G." box="[851,977,1957,1981]" pageId="96" pageNumber="97" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu 2010: 74</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF11A0FC14394656BDDF31EAFED3F86D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261713" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261713/files/figure.png" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" startId="97.[151,250,1942,1966]" targetBox="[199,1383,181,1905]" targetPageId="97" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414394656BDDF31EAFED3F86D" blockId="97.[151,1437,1942,2039]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614394656BDDF31EAFEEEF835" bold="true" box="[151,291,1942,1966]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">FIGURE 64.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714394656BC6531EBFDBFF834" authority="Mulsant" authorityName="Mulsant" box="[301,626,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bissellata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614394656BC6531EBFDDCF834" box="[301,529,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Coelophora bissellata</emphasis>
Mulsant
</taxonomicName>
: a. adult, nominate form; b. adult, variant; c. head; d. antenna; e. maxilla; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. coxite; h. spermatheca; i–l. male genitalia: i. tegmen, lateral view; j. tegmen, ventral view; k. penis; l. penis apex.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF11A0FC143A4655BDDF31EBFBE9F834" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261717" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261717" box="[151,1060,1943,1968]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261717/files/figure.png" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" startId="98.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[203,1383,181,1919]" targetPageId="98" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143A4655BDDF31EBFBE9F834" blockId="98.[151,1060,1943,1968]" box="[151,1060,1943,1968]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143A4655BDDF31EBFEEDF834" bold="true" box="[151,288,1943,1967]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">FIGURE 65.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143A4655BC6E31EBFDAEF834" authority="Mulsant" authorityName="Mulsant" box="[294,611,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bissellata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143A4655BC6E31EBFDCBF834" box="[294,518,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="98" pageNumber="99">Coelophora bissellata</emphasis>
Mulsant
</taxonomicName>
, life stages: a–k. larva; l–n. pupa; o–
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143A4655BE9F31E4FBEDF834" box="[983,1056,1943,1967]" pageId="98" pageNumber="99" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="adult">r. adult</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF11A0FC143B4654BDDF31EBFAFDF834" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261719" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261719" box="[151,1328,1943,1967]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261719/files/figure.png" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" startId="99.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[232,1356,181,1919]" targetPageId="99" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143B4654BDDF31EBFAFDF834" blockId="99.[151,1328,1943,1967]" box="[151,1328,1943,1967]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143B4654BDDF31EBFEEDF834" bold="true" box="[151,288,1943,1967]" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">FIGURE 66.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143B4654BC6E31EBFDAEF834" authority="Mulsant" authorityName="Mulsant" box="[294,611,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="99" pageNumber="100" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bissellata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143B4654BC6E31EBFDCBF834" box="[294,518,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="99" pageNumber="100">Coelophora bissellata</emphasis>
Mulsant
</taxonomicName>
, adult, variants: a–d. fully spotted adult; e–h. adult with reduced spots.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF143C4653BDDF36EAFCE9FE6E" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BDDF36EAFCE9FE6E" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BDDF36EAFEDFFF2B" bold="true" box="[151,274,150,176]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length:
<quantity id="4C965D91143C4653BC3736EAFDE4FF2A" box="[383,553,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="4.9" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="5.3" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="4.9">4.90–5.70 mm</quantity>
; width:
<quantity id="4C965D91143C4653BFC336EAFCFBFF2A" box="[651,822,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="mm" value="5.4" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="5.3">5.30–5.50 mm</quantity>
. Form (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BEDD36EBFBDAFF2A" box="[917,1047,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-15@97.[199,1387,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 64. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant: a. adult, nominate form; b. adult, variant; c. head; d. antenna; e. maxilla; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. coxite; h. spermatheca; i–l. male genitalia: i. tegmen, lateral view; j. tegmen, ventral view; k. penis; l. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261713/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 64a, b</figureCitation>
) round, dorsum strongly convex, glabrous. Head and pronotum creamy yellow or pale pink. Ground colour of elytra carmine red to orange yellow on disk and margins yellowish brown. Pronotum with two pairs of black spots on posterior margin, outer pair smaller, located on posterolateral corners and inner pair much larger, subtriangular to oval, situated in middle. Each elytron with four spots arranged in a 1-1-1-1 pattern and two common sutural spots, one in each half (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653B991375BFAF2FEDA" box="[1241,1343,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-15@97.[199,1387,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 64. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant: a. adult, nominate form; b. adult, variant; c. head; d. antenna; e. maxilla; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. coxite; h. spermatheca; i–l. male genitalia: i. tegmen, lateral view; j. tegmen, ventral view; k. penis; l. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261713/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Figs 64a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653B805375AFA5AFEDA" box="[1357,1431,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="98.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-20@98.[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 65. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant, life stages: a–k. larva; l–n. pupa; o–r. adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261717/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">65o, q</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BDDF3737FF2CFEFE" box="[151,225,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@99.[232,1356,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 66. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant, adult, variants: a–d. fully spotted adult; e–h. adult with reduced spots." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261719/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">66a–d</figureCitation>
). Colour pattern variable, pronotal and / or elytral spots sometimes fused to form larger maculae (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653B87C3737FA59FEFE" box="[1332,1428,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-15@97.[199,1387,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 64. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant: a. adult, nominate form; b. adult, variant; c. head; d. antenna; e. maxilla; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. coxite; h. spermatheca; i–l. male genitalia: i. tegmen, lateral view; j. tegmen, ventral view; k. penis; l. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261713/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 64b</figureCitation>
) or reduced in size (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BC393713FE24FE12" box="[369,489,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@99.[232,1356,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 66. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant, adult, variants: a–d. fully spotted adult; e–h. adult with reduced spots." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261719/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 66e, f</figureCitation>
) and / or number (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BFF63713FCE9FE12" box="[702,804,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="98.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-20@98.[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 65. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant, life stages: a–k. larva; l–n. pupa; o–r. adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261717/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Figs 65p</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BE793713FCB6FE12" box="[817,891,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 66" captionStartId="99.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[232,1356,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-15@99.[232,1356,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="FIGURE 66. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant, adult, variants: a–d. fully spotted adult; e–h. adult with reduced spots." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261719" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261719/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<quantity id="4C965D91143C4653BE793713FC90FE12" box="[817,861,367,393]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" unit="g" value="66.0">66g</quantity>
, h
</figureCitation>
), rarely lateral borders of elytra narrowly black. Ventral side with mouthparts and legs yellowish brown, meso-and metasternal epimera white, middle of prosternum, meso-and metasterna and middle of abdominal ventrites black and elytral epipleura yellowish brown. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BDD737A7FEC2FE6E" box="[159,271,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-15@97.[199,1387,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 64. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant: a. adult, nominate form; b. adult, variant; c. head; d. antenna; e. maxilla; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. coxite; h. spermatheca; i–l. male genitalia: i. tegmen, lateral view; j. tegmen, ventral view; k. penis; l. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261713/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 64i–l</figureCitation>
) and spermatheca (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BCA037A7FD84FE6E" box="[488,585,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 62" captionStartId="95.[151,250,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[165,1421,320,1856]" captionTargetId="figure-70@95.[151,1436,309,1868]" captionTargetPageId="95" captionText="FIGURE 62. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant: a. head; b. antenna; c. abdominal postcoxal line; d. prosternal process and mesoventrite; e. coxite; f. spermatheca; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, ventral view; h. tegmen, lateral view; i. penis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261706" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261706/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Figs 62f</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BF1C37A7FD4DFE6E" box="[596,640,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 64" captionStartId="97.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[199,1383,181,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-15@97.[199,1387,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURE 64. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant: a. adult, nominate form; b. adult, variant; c. head; d. antenna; e. maxilla; f. abdominal postcoxal line; g. coxite; h. spermatheca; i–l. male genitalia: i. tegmen, lateral view; j. tegmen, ventral view; k. penis; l. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261713/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">64h</figureCitation>
) as illustrated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF143C4653BD8F3783FD92FD82" box="[199,607,510,537]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BD8F3783FD92FD82" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" box="[199,607,510,537]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BD8F3783FE55FD82" bold="true" box="[199,408,511,537]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Immature stages:</emphasis>
As in
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1143C4653BCA83783FD91FD82" box="[480,604,510,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 65" captionStartId="98.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetId="figure-20@98.[203,1383,181,1919]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURE 65. Coelophora bissellata Mulsant, life stages: a–k. larva; l–n. pupa; o–r. adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261717" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261717/files/figure.png" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 65a–n</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF143C4653BD8F345EFB45FD1E" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BD8F345EFB45FD1E" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BD8F345EFEACFDA7" bold="true" box="[199,353,546,572]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BC23345FFE64FDA6" box="[363,425,547,573]" name="India" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">India</collectingCountry>
: Widely distributed (
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BFD4345FFCB4FDA6" box="[668,889,547,573]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BECE345FFC18FDA6" box="[902,981,547,573]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Assam</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BEAC345FFB75FDA6" box="[996,1208,547,573]" country="India" name="Himachal Pradesh" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Himachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653B98E345FFAF1FDA6" box="[1222,1340,547,573]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653B803345FFA55FDA6" box="[1355,1432,547,573]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Kerala</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BDDF343BFF34FDFA" box="[151,249,583,609]" country="India" name="Manipur" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Manipur</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BC4A343BFE4CFDFA" box="[258,385,583,609]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BCC2343BFE35FDFA" box="[394,504,583,609]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
, Punjab,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BF13343BFD62FDFA" box="[603,687,583,609]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BFFF343BFCF6FDFA" box="[695,827,583,609]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BE0C343BFC57FDFA" box="[836,922,583,609]" country="India" name="Tripura" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Tripura</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653BEEB343BFBF0FDFA" box="[931,1085,583,609]" country="India" name="Uttar Pradesh" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Uttar Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96143C4653B90D343BFB18FDFA" box="[1093,1237,583,609]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
);
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653B9AE343BFAE1FDFA" box="[1254,1324,583,609]" name="Nepal" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nepal</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653B87E343BFA54FDFA" box="[1334,1433,583,609]" name="Pakistan" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BDDF3417FED0FD1E" box="[151,285,619,645]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BC613417FEB0FD1E" box="[297,381,619,645]" name="Bhutan" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BCC03417FE22FD1E" box="[392,495,619,645]" name="Thailand" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Thailand</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BCB23417FD91FD1E" box="[506,604,619,645]" name="Vietnam" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BF2F3417FD60FD1E" box="[615,685,619,645]" name="China" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">China</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BFF13417FCE7FD1E" box="[697,810,619,645]" name="Indonesia" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
; The
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BE2E3417FC25FD1E" box="[870,1000,619,645]" name="Philippines" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Philippines</collectingCountry>
; New
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653B9673417FB49FD1E" box="[1071,1156,619,645]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Guinea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF143C4653BD8F34F3FD8CFBE6" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BD8F34F3FDFEFC1A" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BD8F34F3FE33FD33" bold="true" box="[199,510,654,681]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Prey / associated habitat.</emphasis>
Aphidoidea:
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BFD634F3FCFFFD32" box="[670,818,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Adelgidae" genus="Adelges" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BFD634F3FD3AFD32" box="[670,759,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Adelges</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BE0A34F3FB9DFD32" authority="Koch" authorityName="Koch" box="[834,1104,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craccivora">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BE0A34F3FBCBFD33" box="[834,1030,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Aphis craccivora</emphasis>
Koch
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B92834F3FA80FD32" authority="Scopoli" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1763" box="[1120,1357,655,681]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fabae">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B92834F3FB24FD32" box="[1120,1257,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Aphis fabae</emphasis>
Scopoli
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B81434F3FE9FFD56" authority="Glover" authorityName="Glover" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gossypii">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B81434F3FF3EFD57" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Aphis gossypii</emphasis>
Glover
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BC2C34CFFD64FD56" authority="Takahashi" authorityName="Takahashi" authorityYear="1921" box="[356,681,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kurosawai">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BC2C34CFFDEAFD56" box="[356,551,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Aphis kurosawai</emphasis>
Takahashi
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BFF434CFFBB0FD56" authority="(Kaltenbach)" baseAuthorityName="Kaltenbach" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[700,1149,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Brachycaudus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BFF434CFFC14FD56" box="[700,985,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Brachycaudus helichrysi</emphasis>
(Kaltenbach)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B9D834CFFF33FD6A" authority="Zehntner" authorityName="Zehntner" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Ceratovacuna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanigera">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B9D834CFFA51FD56" box="[1168,1436,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Ceratovacuna lanigera</emphasis>
Zehntner
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BC4634ABFD66FD6A" authority="(Takahashi)" baseAuthorityName="Takahashi" baseAuthorityYear="1927" box="[270,683,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Ceratovacuna" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="silvestrii">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BC4634ABFDD5FD6A" box="[270,536,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Ceratovacuna silvestrii</emphasis>
(Takahashi)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BFF234ABFBC2FD6A" authority="Takahashi" authorityName="Takahashi" authorityYear="1918" box="[698,1039,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Cervaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercus">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BFF234ABFC5CFD6B" box="[698,913,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Cervaphis quercus</emphasis>
Takahashi
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B95734ABFA55FD6A" authority="Basu" authorityName="Basu" authorityYear="1961" box="[1055,1432,727,753]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Cervaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rappardi" subSpecies="indica">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B95734ABFA9FFD6A" box="[1055,1362,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Cervaphis rappardi indica</emphasis>
Basu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BDDF3487FDAFFC8E" authority="(Shinji)" baseAuthorityName="Shinji" baseAuthorityYear="1922" box="[151,610,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Macrosiphoniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yomogifoliae">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BDDF3487FE31FC8E" box="[151,508,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Macrosiphoniella yomogifoliae</emphasis>
(Shinji)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BF3B3487FC75FC8E" authority="(Das)" baseAuthorityName="Das" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[627,952,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Sitobion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rosaeiformis">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BF3B3487FCA6FC8E" box="[627,875,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Sitobion rosaeiformis</emphasis>
(Das)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BE823487FA89FC8E" authority="(Zehntner)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Zehntner" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[970,1348,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Melanaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sacchari">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BE823487FB76FC8E" box="[970,1211,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Melanaphis sacchari</emphasis>
(Zehntner)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B81D3487FE92FCA2" authority="(Sulzer)" baseAuthorityName="Sulzer" baseAuthorityYear="1776" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Myzus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persicae">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B81D3487FF3BFCA3" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Myzus persicae</emphasis>
(Sulzer)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BC383563FD1FFCA2" authority="(Fitch)" baseAuthorityName="Fitch" baseAuthorityYear="1856" box="[368,722,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Rhopalosiphum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maidis">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BC383563FDBAFCA2" box="[368,631,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Rhopalosiphum maidis</emphasis>
(Fitch)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BFAB3563FB71FCA2" authority="(Sasaki)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Sasaki" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[739,1212,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Rhopalosiphum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiabdominalis">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BFAB3563FB9FFCA2" box="[739,1106,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis</emphasis>
(Sasaki)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B9853563FE33FCC6" authority="Boyer de Fonscolombe" authorityName="Boyer de Fonscolombe" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii" subGenus="Toxoptera">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B9853563FAC0FCA2" box="[1229,1293,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Aphis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B86A3563FA5EFCA3" box="[1314,1427,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Toxoptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BDDF353FFF3CFCC7" box="[151,241,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">aurantii</emphasis>
Boyer de Fonscolombe
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BF40353FFC53FCC6" authority="(van der Goot)" baseAuthorityName="van der Goot" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[520,926,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="odinae" subGenus="Aphis">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BF40353FFD85FCC6" box="[520,584,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Aphis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BF1F353FFD5AFCC6" box="[599,663,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Aphis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BFEF353FFD3EFCC6" box="[679,755,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">odinae</emphasis>
(van der Goot)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BE9A353FFB54FCC6" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1767" box="[978,1177,835,861]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Uroleucon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sonchi">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BE9A353FFB54FCC6" box="[978,1177,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Uroleucon sonchi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Acari:
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B9B9353FFE4AFC1A" authority="Hirst" authorityName="Hirst" authorityYear="1924" class="Arachnida" family="Tenuipalpidae" genus="Raoiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B9B9353FFA51FCC6" box="[1265,1436,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Raoiella indica</emphasis>
Hirst (Tenuipalpidae)
</taxonomicName>
on areca palm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BD8F35F7FCB3FB8A" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
Collected on sugarcane, rice, cowpea,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BFCD35F7FCD3FC3E" box="[645,798,907,933]" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Beta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BFCD35F7FCD3FC3E" box="[645,798,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Beta vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, areca palm, sandal,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B95E35F7FB7EFC3E" box="[1046,1203,907,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Papaveraceae" genus="Argemone" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B95E35F7FB45FC3E" box="[1046,1160,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Argemone</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B98B35F7FA58FC3E" box="[1219,1429,907,933]" class="Branchiopoda" family="Artemiidae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anostraca" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B98B35F7FA58FC3E" box="[1219,1429,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Artemisia vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BDDF35D3FE59FC52" box="[151,404,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Eupatorium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="odoratum">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BDDF35D3FE59FC52" box="[151,404,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Eupatorium odoratum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BCED35D3FDBDFC52" box="[421,624,943,969]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="karka">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BCED35D3FDBDFC52" box="[421,624,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Phragmites karka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BFC835D3FCA2FC52" box="[640,879,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pterolobium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indicum">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BFC835D3FCA2FC52" box="[640,879,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Pterolobium indicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BEC835D3FB97FC52" box="[896,1114,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Webera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="corymbosa">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BEC835D3FB97FC52" box="[896,1114,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Webera corymbosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B92235D3FAEEFC53" box="[1130,1315,943,969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B92235D3FAEEFC53" box="[1130,1315,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Quercus serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B87C35D3FF74FC76" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Bambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B87C35D3FA51FC52" box="[1332,1436,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Bambusa</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, and spruce.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85143C4653BC0335AFFDD0FC76" author="Hayat, A. &amp; Khan, M. R. &amp; Naz, F." box="[331,541,979,1005]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="12 - 66" refId="ref113416" refString="Hayat, A., Khan, M. R. &amp; Naz, F. (2017) Subfamilies Coccinellinae and Coccidullinae (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) with New Records from AJK, Pakistan. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 7 (4), 12 - 66." type="journal article" year="2017">
Hayat
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BCDC35AFFE01FC76" box="[404,460,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">et al.</emphasis>
(2017)
</bibRefCitation>
recorded custard apple, walnut and wheat as host plants in
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653B9FB35AFFADBFC76" box="[1203,1302,979,1005]" name="Pakistan" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85143C4653B86835AFFF2FFB8A" author="Sajan K. C. &amp; Vetrovec, J. &amp; Kafle, K." pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="157 - 165" refId="ref121067" refString="Sajan K. C., Vetrovec, J. &amp; Kafle, K. (2019) Lady beetles of Nepal (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Coccinellinae from the fields at Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Lalitpur. International Journal of Entomology Research, 4 (4), 157 - 165." type="journal article" year="2019">
Sajan
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B82D35AFFA58FC76" box="[1381,1429,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">et al</emphasis>
. (2019)
</bibRefCitation>
recorded it as feeding on aphids on
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BF30358BFCC2FB8A" box="[632,783,1015,1041]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Bidens" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosa">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BF30358BFCC2FB8A" box="[632,783,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Bidens pilosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BE7B358BFCB7FB8A" box="[819,890,1015,1041]" name="Nepal" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Nepal</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BD8F3266FBCCFBC2" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BD8F3266FE72FBAE" bold="true" box="[199,447,1050,1077]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
Collected during January,April–May, July–August (South
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653B90E3267FB49FBAE" box="[1094,1156,1051,1077]" name="India" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">India</collectingCountry>
), and October–December (Eastern region). Active during April–October in
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4143C4653BF883243FCD2FBC2" box="[704,799,1087,1113]" name="Pakistan" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85143C4653BE653243FC38FBC2" author="Hayat, A. &amp; Khan, M. R. &amp; Naz, F." box="[813,1013,1087,1113]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="12 - 66" refId="ref113416" refString="Hayat, A., Khan, M. R. &amp; Naz, F. (2017) Subfamilies Coccinellinae and Coccidullinae (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) with New Records from AJK, Pakistan. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 7 (4), 12 - 66." type="journal article" year="2017">
Hayat
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BE313243FC67FBC2" box="[889,938,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BD8F321FFD8CFBE6" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" box="[199,577,1123,1149]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BD8F321FFEB2FBE6" bold="true" box="[199,383,1123,1149]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Natural enemy.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BCCE321FFD8CFBE6" box="[390,577,1123,1149]" class="Arachnida" family="Podapolipidae" genus="Coccipolipus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BCCE321FFDD7FBE6" box="[390,538,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Coccipolipus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF143C4653BD8F32FBFC4AFA7E" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BD8F32FBFF2AFA06" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BD8F32FBFEDCFB3A" bold="true" box="[199,273,1159,1185]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Notes.</emphasis>
This is the best-known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653BFD932FBFCDAFB3A" box="[657,791,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653BFD932FBFCDAFB3A" box="[657,791,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Coelophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of the Indian region. Kapur (1962) studied and illustrated the geographical variations in elytral pattern. The nominate form has four black spots on pronotum, two common or sutural spots and four other spots on elytron and the lateral pronotal spots are occasionally absent or in some cases, much larger and / or united to form a transverse basal band.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85143C4653BE08328FFBD9FA96" author="Sicard, A." box="[832,1044,1266,1293]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="377 - 389" refId="ref122429" refString="Sicard, A. (1910) Especes et varietes nouvelles des Coccinellides de l'Inde (Coleoptera) appartenant a la collection de M. Andrewes (de Londres). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 79, 377 - 389. [1910]" type="journal article" year="1910">Sicard (1910: 536)</bibRefCitation>
recorded the
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7143C4653B9E6328FFAB2FA96" box="[1198,1407,1267,1293]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" rank="variety" variety="nudipennis">
variety
<emphasis id="B91A2C66143C4653B84C328FFAB2FA96" box="[1284,1407,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">nudipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in which elytral spots are absent. The other variations observed include: (a) first elytral spot joining anterior sutural spot, external margins of elytra bordered black; (b) intermediate conditions exist between these, notably elytral spots well developed with pronotal spots reduced in size or pronotal spots well developed with elytral spots reduced in size.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F074143C4653BD8F33DBFC4AFA7E" blockId="100.[151,1437,150,1509]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85143C4653BD8F33DBFD46FA5A" author="Puttarudriah, M. &amp; Channabasavanna, G. P." box="[199,651,1446,1473]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="87 - 96" refId="ref119835" refString="Puttarudriah, M. &amp; Channabasavanna, G. P. (1953) Beneficial coccinellids of Mysore - I. Indian Journal of Entomology, 15, 87 - 96." type="journal article" year="1953">Puttarudriah &amp; Channabasavanna (1953</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85143C4653BFD033DAFD1CFA5A" author="Puttarudriah, M. &amp; Channabasavanna, G. P." box="[664,721,1446,1473]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref119867" refString="Puttarudriah, M. &amp; Channabasavanna, G. P. (1955) Beneficial coccinellids of Mysore - II. Indian Journal of Entomology, 17, 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1955">1955</bibRefCitation>
) provided brief notes on its bioecology.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85143C4653B9D133DBFA51FA5A" author="Rhamhalinghan, M." box="[1177,1436,1447,1473]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" pagination="114 - 117" refId="ref120814" refString="Rhamhalinghan, M. (1989) Studies on Coelophora bissellata Muls. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). 1. Field recognition of different larval instars and the traits of pupae and adults. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 86, 114 - 117." type="journal article" year="1989">Rhamhalinghan (1989)</bibRefCitation>
described the immature stages.
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85143C4653BCBE33B7FDAAFA7E" author="Yu, G." box="[502,615,1483,1509]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu (2010)</bibRefCitation>
illustrated the life stages.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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