470 lines
45 KiB
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470 lines
45 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.284.3983" ID-PMC="PMC3677377" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-284-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="192EFF970E2BFFDF3161FFE53C4BFFAA" ID-PubMed="23794843" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578323" ID-ZooBank="33B15A74746D4A82A865EA1E7E55A9BB" ModsDocID="1313-2970-284-1" checkinTime="1451247469560" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Shi, Hongliang, Zhou, Hongzhang & Liang, Hongbin" docDate="2013" docId="DCC081271C61C9C668C6ACEF6615AA5F" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 284: 1-129" docOrigin="ZooKeys 284" docPubDate="2013-04-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.284.3983" docTitle="Thyreopterus Dejean 1831" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="192EFF970E2BFFDF3161FFE53C4BFFAA" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="192EFF970E2BFFDF3161FFE53C4BFFAA" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic synopsis of the subtribe Physoderina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini), with species revisions of eight genera" masterLastPageNumber="129" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1668155586682" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic synopsis of the subtribe Physoderina (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Lebiini), with species revisions of eight genera</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shi, Hongliang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China & Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zhou, Hongzhang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liang, Hongbin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">lianghb@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-04-04</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>284</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>129</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.284.3983</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.284.3983</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-284-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">33B15A74746D4A82A865EA1E7E55A9BB</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">192EFF970E2BFFDF3161FFE53C4BFFAA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578323</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042287" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DCC081271C61C9C668C6ACEF6615AA5F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DCC081271C61C9C668C6ACEF6615AA5F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Subtribe
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<taxonomicName LSID="DCC08127-1C61-C9C6-68C6-ACEF6615AA5F" authority="Chaudoir" authorityName="Dejean" authorityYear="1831" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Physoderina">Physoderina Chaudoir</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderides" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Physodérides">Physoderides</normalizedToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Chaudoir, BM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="188 - 268" refId="B35" refString="Chaudoir, BM, 1877. Genres nouveaux et especes inedites de la famille des Carabiques. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 52 (1): 188 - 268" title="Genres nouveaux et especes inedites de la famille des Carabiques." volume="52" year="1877">Chaudoir 1877</bibRefCitation>
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: 213. Type genus:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Physodera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Physodera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Eschscholtz, 1829.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Adults of this subtribe can be recognized by combination of the following characters: mandibles moderately to strongly widened; apex of ligula with four or more setae; palpifers without seta; mentum with tooth simple or bifid; front angles of pronotum with some setae longer or shorter; pronotal base usually more or less lobed; elytral dorsal setigerous pores, if distinct, at least with one present on base of 5th interval; elytral apex truncate, outer angles completely rounded, not angulate, sutural angles not projected; apex of 7th and 8th intervals more or less tumid; penultimate pore of elytral umbilical series not displaced laterally or medially; males with terminal sternum more or less emarginate; 4th tarsomere strongly bilobed; claws pectinate; median lobe of aedeagus usually with apical orifice opened apically, dorsal surface with some setae subapically, such setae generally fine but sometimes very strong, present around apical orifice; internal sac generally with a long flagellum-like sclerite; right paramere trifurcate, apex usually widened; apical segment of ovipositor without spine, apex with extension usually membranous; spermatheca inserted on bursa copulatrix or joining of common oviduct and bursa copulatrix.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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Based on widened mandibles, bifid 4th tarsomere, pectinate claws, and female ovipositor characters,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1873" genus="Calleidina" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">Calleidina</taxonomicName>
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may be more closely allied with
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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than any other subtribe of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="tribe" tribe="Lebiini">Lebiini</taxonomicName>
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from the Oriental Region. Members of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1873" genus="Calleidina" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">Calleidina</taxonomicName>
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can be readily distinguished from those of
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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by the absence of setae on the pronotum front angles, except
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1892" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Calleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sultana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Calleida sultana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Bates. But
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1892" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Calleida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sultana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Calleida sultana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has a totally different shape of the aedeagus and no setigerous pore on 5th interval.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="monophyly and relationships">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="8" start="start">Monophyly</pageBreakToken>
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and relationships.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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Reconstruction of phylogeny of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="tribe" tribe="Lebiini">Lebiini</taxonomicName>
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has been attempted by
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<bibRefCitation author="Ball, GE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin and Annales de la Societe Royale Belge d'Entomologie" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="B20" refString="Ball, GE, Kavanaugh, DH, Moore, BP, 1995. Sugimotoa parallela Habu (Coleoptera, Lebiini): redescription, geographical distribution, and relationships based on cladistic analysis of adult structural features.Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology (4): 275-311." title="Sugimotoa parallela Habu (Coleoptera, Lebiini): redescription, geographical distribution, and relationships based on cladistic analysis of adult structural features. Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology (4): 275 - 311." year="1995">Ball et al. (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation author="Casale, A" editor="George, EB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of a symposium 28 August, 1996, Florence, Italy. 20 International Congress of Entomology. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="381 - 427" refId="B32" refString="Casale, A, 1998. Phylogeny and biogeography of Calleidina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiini): a preliminary survey. In: George, EB, Casale, A, Vigna, Taglianti A, Eds., Phylogeny and classification of Caraboidea Coleoptera: Adephaga. Proceedings of a symposium 28 August, 1996, Florence, Italy. 20 International Congress of Entomology. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino: 381 - 427" title="Phylogeny and biogeography of Calleidina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiini): a preliminary survey." volumeTitle="Phylogeny and classification of Caraboidea Coleoptera: Adephaga." year="1998">Casale (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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, but their works did not focus on the systematic position of
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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. Their results support a close relationship between
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Basilewsky" authorityYear="1984" genus="Metallicina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Metallicina</taxonomicName>
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+ (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1873" genus="Calleidina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Calleidina</taxonomicName>
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+
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<taxonomicName genus="Galerucidiina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Galerucidiina</taxonomicName>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ball, GE" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin and Annales de la Societe Royale Belge d'Entomologie" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" refId="B20" refString="Ball, GE, Kavanaugh, DH, Moore, BP, 1995. Sugimotoa parallela Habu (Coleoptera, Lebiini): redescription, geographical distribution, and relationships based on cladistic analysis of adult structural features.Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology (4): 275-311." title="Sugimotoa parallela Habu (Coleoptera, Lebiini): redescription, geographical distribution, and relationships based on cladistic analysis of adult structural features. Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology (4): 275 - 311." year="1995">Ball et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
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) or
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1801" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Agra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Agra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Fabricius (
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<bibRefCitation author="Casale, A" editor="George, EB" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of a symposium 28 August, 1996, Florence, Italy. 20 International Congress of Entomology. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="381 - 427" refId="B32" refString="Casale, A, 1998. Phylogeny and biogeography of Calleidina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiini): a preliminary survey. In: George, EB, Casale, A, Vigna, Taglianti A, Eds., Phylogeny and classification of Caraboidea Coleoptera: Adephaga. Proceedings of a symposium 28 August, 1996, Florence, Italy. 20 International Congress of Entomology. Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino: 381 - 427" title="Phylogeny and biogeography of Calleidina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Lebiini): a preliminary survey." volumeTitle="Phylogeny and classification of Caraboidea Coleoptera: Adephaga." year="1998">Casale 1998</bibRefCitation>
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). Based on the study in the present work of all genera in
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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, we propose that
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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has more affinity with
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1873" genus="Calleidina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Calleidina</taxonomicName>
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than
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Basilewsky" authorityYear="1984" genus="Metallicina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Metallicina</taxonomicName>
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. This is suggested by the following character states present in
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1873" genus="Calleidina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Calleidina</taxonomicName>
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but not in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Basilewsky" authorityYear="1984" genus="Metallicina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Metallicina</taxonomicName>
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: (1) apical segment of ovipositor without spine, usually spiculate, apex with extension usually membranous; (2) terminal labial palpomeres more or less widened in males; (3) mentum with tooth; (4) tempora ventrally without suborbital setigerous pore; and (5) males with terminal sternum emarginate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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So far, there is no rigorous phylogenetic analysis demonstrating that
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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is a monophyletic lineage in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Bonelli" authorityYear="1810" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="tribe" tribe="Lebiini">Lebiini</taxonomicName>
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. But, monophyly of this subtribe could be suggested by the following apomorphic character states: (1) setigerous pores present on 5th interval; (2) median lobe of aedeagus usually with apical orifice opened apically, internal sac usually with a long flagellum-like sclerite; (3) right paramere trifurcate; (4) spermatheca inserted on bursa copulatrix or joining of common oviduct and bursa copulatrix.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="genera included">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Genera included.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<bibRefCitation author="Chaudoir, BM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="188 - 268" refId="B35" refString="Chaudoir, BM, 1877. Genres nouveaux et especes inedites de la famille des Carabiques. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 52 (1): 188 - 268" title="Genres nouveaux et especes inedites de la famille des Carabiques." volume="52" year="1877">Chaudoir (1877)</bibRefCitation>
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proposed the name
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderides" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Physodérides">Physoderides</normalizedToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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with insufficient definition, but ambiguously included
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Allocota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Allocota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Cryptobatis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cryptobatis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Eschscholtz,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Chaudoir" authorityYear="1877" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Aspasiola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Aspasiola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Chaudoir and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Lachnoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lachnoderma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Macleay. The original vernacular family-group name is available according to the Zoological Code of Nomenclature, and was first used in Latinized form by
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<bibRefCitation author="Basilewsky, P" journalOrPublisher="Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines" pageId="85" pageNumber="86" pagination="142 - 147" refId="B22" refString="Basilewsky, P, 1968. Descriptions de trois carabides nouveaux de Cote d'Ivoire. (Coleoptera Carabidae). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines 77: 142 - 147" title="Descriptions de trois carabides nouveaux de Cote d'Ivoire. (Coleoptera Carabidae)." volume="77" year="1968">Bates (1883</bibRefCitation>
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: 207) (
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<bibRefCitation author="Bouchard, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 972" publicationUrl="10.3897/zookeys.88.807" refId="B29" refString="Bouchard, P, Bousquet, Y, Davies, AE, Alonso-Zarazaga, MA, Lawrence, JF, Lyal, CHC, Newton, AF, Reid, CAM, Schmitt, M, Ślipinski, SA, Smith, ABT, 2011. Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys 88: 1 - 972, 10.3897/zookeys.88.807" title="Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)." url="10.3897/zookeys.88.807" volume="88" year="2011">Bouchard et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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). Generally,
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<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
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included seven genera (
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<bibRefCitation author="Jedlicka, A" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Abhandlungen und Berichte aus dem Staatlichen Museum fuer Tierkunde in Dresden" pageId="87" pageNumber="88" pagination="269 - 579" refId="B58" refString="Jedlicka, A, 1963. Monographie der Truncatipennen aus Ostasien, Lebiinae- Odacanthinae- Braehyninae (Coleptera, Carabidae). Entomologische Abhandlungen und Berichte aus dem Staatlichen Museum fuer Tierkunde in Dresden 28: 269 - 579" title="Monographie der Truncatipennen aus Ostasien, Lebiinae- Odacanthinae- Braehyninae (Coleptera, Carabidae)." volume="28" year="1963">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
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1963
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Linzer Biologische Beitraege" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="B65" refString="Loebl, I, Smetana, A, 2003. Apollo Books, Denmark, 819 pp." title="Apollo Books, Denmark, 819 pp." year="2003">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Löbl">Loebl</normalizedToken>
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and Smetana 2003
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae), second edition. Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing, Germany" pageId="88" pageNumber="89" refId="B67" refString="Lorenz, W, 2005. Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the world (Insecta Coleoptera Geadephaga: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodinae), second edition.Wolfgang Lorenz, Tutzing, Germany, 530 pp." title="Systematic list of extant ground beetles of the world (Insecta Coleoptera Geadephaga: Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl." year="2005">Lorenz 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) before the present work.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
|
In the present paper, we move three genera previously placed in
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chaudoir" authorityYear="1873" genus="Calleidina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Calleidina</taxonomicName>
|
|
or
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1838" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Pericalina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pericalina</taxonomicName>
|
|
to
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
|
|
, propose two new generic synonyms, resurrect one generic name from synonymy, and describe one gen. n.. Hence, a total of ten genera is presently included in
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
|
|
:
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraphaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paraphaea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Bates,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anchista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Anchista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Nietner,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Liang" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Metallanchista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Metallanchista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
gen. n.,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Physodera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Physodera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Eschscholtz,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Diamella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Diamella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
nom. n.,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Allocota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Allocota</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Motschulsky,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Lachnoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lachnoderma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Macleay,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Britton" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dasiosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dasiosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Britton,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jedlicka" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orionella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Orionella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Endynomena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Endynomena</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Chaudoir.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
|
The New World
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Cryptobatida" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Cryptobatida</taxonomicName>
|
|
group (
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">sensu</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Erwin, TL" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 54" refId="B42" refString="Erwin, TL, 2004. The beetle family Carabidae of Costa Rica: The genera of the Cryptobatida group of subtribe Agrina, tribe Lebiini, with new species and notes on their way of life (Insecta: Coleoptera). Zootaxa 662: 1 - 54" title="The beetle family Carabidae of Costa Rica: The genera of the Cryptobatida group of subtribe Agrina, tribe Lebiini, with new species and notes on their way of life (Insecta: Coleoptera)." volume="662" year="2004">Erwin 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) shares many characters with
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
|
|
from the Old World, such as: mandible widened, pronotum more or less angulate in middle, elytral disc depressed, and, above all, internal sac of male genitalia with flagellum-like sclerites. We propose that this group could be most closely related to
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
|
|
and perhaps should be included therein, similar to the concept including
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Cryptobatis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Cryptobatis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the original
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Chaudoir, BM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou" pageId="86" pageNumber="87" pagination="188 - 268" refId="B35" refString="Chaudoir, BM, 1877. Genres nouveaux et especes inedites de la famille des Carabiques. Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou 52 (1): 188 - 268" title="Genres nouveaux et especes inedites de la famille des Carabiques." volume="52" year="1877">Chaudoir 1877</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). But, as the focus of the present work is the Old World fauna, we do not present a better subtribal arrangement for this New World group.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
|
All of the ten genera have their center of distribution in the Oriental Region. One of them (
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Britton" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dasiosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Dasiosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) has some African species; two genera (
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Physodera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Physodera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Lachnoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lachnoderma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) have only a few Australian species; two species (
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Dejean" baseAuthorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraphaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binotata">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Paraphaea binotata</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Fairmaire" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Endynomena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pradieri">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Endynomena pradieri</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) have an Oriental origin, but are also widely distributed in the Pacific islands.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="key to genera of physoderina">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="9" start="start">Key</pageBreakToken>
|
|
to genera of
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="Physoderina" lsidName="" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="genus">Physoderina</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<table inLine="true" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">1</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Head completely glabrous; pronotum usually glabrous, rarely with disc sparsely pubescent</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Head at least with some pubescence on vertex; pronotum densely and equally pubescent</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">6</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">2</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Mandibles moderately widened, outer margin slightly arcuate (Fig. 149); mid-lateral setae of pronotum present, lateral margins with a few accessory setae restricted to front and hind angles; median lobe of aedeagus usually with long setae (Figs 67-73), if without, main flagellum of internal sac absent (Figs 74-75)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">3</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Mandibles strongly widened, outer margin semicircular (Fig. 150); mid-lateral setae of pronotum usually absent, if present, lateral margins with numerous accessory setae nearly reaching to middle area; median lobe of aedeagus without long setae, main flagellum of internal sac well developed (Figs 76, 79)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">5</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">3</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Umbilical pores of 9th interval placed in two rows, some pores adjacent to 8th stria, others in middle of the interval (Fig. 148); males with two pairs of setae on terminal sternum; median lobe of aedeagus with apical lamella longer, bent to dorsal side (Fig. 75)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Liang" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Metallanchista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Metallanchista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
gen. n.
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Umbilical pores of 9th interval placed in one row, all adjacent to 8th stria (Fig. 147); males with one pair of setae on terminal sternum; median lobe of aedeagus with apical lamella shorter, not bent</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">4</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">4</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Lateral margins of pronotum completely rounded at middle (Fig. 155); males with adhesive hairs on 1st metatarsomere; males with terminal sternum deeply emarginate (Fig. 143); median lobe of aedeagus twisted to left, internal sac with main flagellum developed and sinuous (Figs 67-69)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bates" authorityYear="1873" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Paraphaea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Paraphaea</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Bates
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Lateral margins of pronotum slightly angulate at middle (Fig. 154); males without adhesive hairs on metatarsomeres; males with terminal sternum moderately emarginate (as in Fig. 145); median lobe of aedeagus not twisted, internal sac with main flagellum reduced (Figs 70-73)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anchista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Anchista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Nietner (part)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">5</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Pronotum wide, PW/PL more than 1.4; protibiae with cleaning spur developed (as in Fig. 142); 5th interval with one or two large setigerous pores near base, if additional small pores present, all pores placed before middle; aedeagus with apical part of median lobe strongly bent to right side (Fig. 76)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eschscholtz" authorityYear="1829" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Physodera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Physodera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Eschscholtz
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">Pronotum narrow, PW/PL less than 1.4; protibiae with cleaning spur more or less reduced (Figs 140, 141); 5th interval with four to ten setigerous pores, equally placed; aedeagus with apical part of median lobe slightly bent to right side (Figs 79-84)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Allocota" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Allocota</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Motschulsky
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">6</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rowspan="1">
|
|
Posterior supraorbital setae distant from eyes, insertions more or less tumid, forming a pair of humps (Figs 13, 45-48); elytra with fine setae along striae and on odd intervals, even intervals glabrous; internal sac with main flagel
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">lum</pageBreakToken>
|
|
extraordinarily thick (Figs 77-78); apical part of trumpet-form expansion strongly expanded
|
|
</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Diamella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diamella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
nom. n.
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Posterior supraorbital setae near eyes, insertions even, not forming humps; elytra equally pubescent on all intervals; internal sac with main flagellum fine or absent; if present, trumpet-form expansion at most with apical part moderately expanded</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">7</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">7</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Mentum tooth bifid, with more than six setae; elytral striae indistinct, with very coarse punctures; mandibles with accessory setae on outer scrobe; labrum with long additional setae, as long as primary ones; internal sac with main flagellum projected beyond apical orifice (Fig. 85)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Lachnoderma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lachnoderma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Macleay
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Mentum tooth simple, with two to four setae; elytral striae distinct, deep or shallow, at most with fine punctures; mandibles with outer scrobe glabrous, sometimes with a few fine setae along outer ridge; labrum without or with very fine additional setae, distinctly shorter than primary ones; internal sac with main flagellum at most reaching apical orifice, not projected (Figs 72, 74, 91-94)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">8</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">8</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Pronotum with basal foveae very deep, forming short grooves (Figs 24-26); elytral dorsal setigerous pores indistinct; ligula with four long setae at apex and a few short setae on dorsal surface; males with adhesive hairs reduced on all tarsomeres</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Britton" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Dasiosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Dasiosoma</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Britton
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Pronotum with basal foveae shallow (Figs 7, 27-30); 5th interval with one or two distinct setigerous pores on base; ligula only with four long setae on apex; males with adhesive hairs distinct, at least on 1st, 2nd protarsomeres and 1st mesotarsomere</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">9</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">9</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Mandibles moderately widened, outer margin slightly arcuate (Fig. 149); males with one pair of setae on terminal sternum; median lobe of aedeagus with apical part gradually narrowed, internal sac without main flagellum (Figs 72, 74)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Anchista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Anchista</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Nietner (part)
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Mandibles strongly widened, outer margin semicircular (Fig. 150); males with two pairs of setae on terminal sternum; median lobe of aedeagus with apical part equal in width, internal sac with main flagellum present but sometimes very short (Figs 91-94)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">10</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">10</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Elytral intervals slightly convex, striae distinct (Figs 27-29); 7th interval without setigerous pore; pronotal base weakly but distinctly lobed; males with adhesive hairs on first two protarsomeres only; median lobe of aedeagus with apical orifice opened apically, without seta around the orifice (Figs 91-93)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jedlicka" authorityYear="1963" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Orionella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Orionella</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken originalValue="Jedlička">Jedlicka</normalizedToken>
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">Elytral intervals flat, striae very shallow, indistinct in apical part (Fig. 30); 7th interval with some setigerous pores; pronotal base hardly lobed; males with adhesive hairs on first three protarsomeres; median lobe of aedeagus with apical orifice opened dorsally, with long setae around the orifice (Fig. 94)</td>
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rowspan="1">
|
|
<taxonomicName authorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Shi & Zhou & Liang" baseAuthorityYear="2013" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Endynomena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Endynomena</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Chaudoir
|
|
</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |