149 lines
17 KiB
XML
149 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="698BFB3400F9058AB4B88C50EE9ADE13" ID-DOI="10.1206/3928.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5369854" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630268040215" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Hopkins, Melanie J." docDate="2019" docId="B10287DEFF99B056FE6DFCECFB49F8CD" docLanguage="en" docName="N3928 highres.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2019 (3928)" docSource="https://bioone.org/journals/american-museum-novitates/volume-2019/issue-3928/3928.1/Phylogenetic-Analysis-and-Revision-of-the-Trilobite-Subfamily-Balnibarbiinae-Olenidae/10.1206/3928.1.full" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Balnibarbi erugata Fortey 1974" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" masterDocId="4D3BFFA6FF9CB053FF99FFE8FF9AFFCB" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the trilobite subfamily Balnibarbiinae (Olenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="1" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1699205220592" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8B1096BE7B1AD754CE5FFD4F807D6126">Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the trilobite subfamily Balnibarbiinae (Olenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8CD6F574082EB7C0A35FDD5B0DCD12D6">Hopkins, Melanie J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DF307E6E7EBEB3C0F8AB1BE1E65A4844">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="81F4CFCF872A17384FC45078EC8472ED">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CBF648B9B15FC50AE3C54CB8672CB9F8">2019-05-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="049EAB5223E75755C87ACAC02CD579EF">2019</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="2EB9CF12CB4E06DDE1666EEDE475AB5D">3928</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="38C3762C2F782215DD75C0DAFA51D859" type="DOI">10.1206/3928.1</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="71B16543FF99B056FE6DFCECFCFEFCD5" box="[500,868,772,799]" pageId="5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="391436C8FF99B056FE6DFCECFCFEFCD5" blockId="5.[500,868,772,799]" box="[500,868,772,799]" pageId="5">
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<heading id="625C81A4FF99B056FE6DFCECFCFEFCD5" box="[500,868,772,799]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FE6DFCECFCFEFCD5" ID-CoL="68CDP" authority="Fortey, 1974" authorityName="Fortey" authorityYear="1974" box="[500,868,772,799]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erugata">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FE6DFCECFD56FCD5" box="[500,716,772,798]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi erugata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5D3A4B39FF99B056FD4DFCEDFCFEFCD5" author="Fortey, R. A." box="[724,868,772,799]" pageId="5" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref7470" refString="Fortey, R. A. 1974. The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. I. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 160: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1974">Fortey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B16543FF99B056FDE2FCDCFD47FC85" box="[635,733,820,846]" pageId="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="391436C8FF99B056FDE2FCDCFD47FC85" blockId="5.[635,733,820,846]" box="[635,733,820,846]" pageId="5">
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<heading id="625C81A4FF99B056FDE2FCDCFD47FC85" box="[635,733,820,846]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="3" pageId="5" reason="7">
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<figureCitation id="A1902A4DFF99B056FDE2FCDCFD47FC85" box="[635,733,820,846]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[132,219,1541,1562]" captionTargetBox="[165,1203,248,1515]" captionTargetId="figure-56@6.[637,1206,680,1048]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Balnibarbi erugata Fortey, 1974, close-ups. A. Balnibarbi erugata erugata, holotype cranidium, PMO-NF-3016. Note exfoliation of frontal area and glabella. Arrow points to terrace lines on anterior border that are expressed on both the external surface and internal mold. B. Anterior border of Balnibarbi erugata erugata, CAMSM F3976, showing faint caeca and very fine granulation on frontal area near anterior border furrow and terrace lines on border. C. Posterior border furrow on Balnibarbi erugata erugata, CAMSM F3976, showing very fine granulation. D. Occipital ring of Balnibarbi erugata erugata, PMO-NF-695, showing very fine granulation on glabella. E. Balnibarbi erugata erugata PMO-NF-772. Arrows point to select pits in anterior border furrow; specimen is exfoliated. F. Balnibarbi erugata sombrero, PMO-NF-2054. Arrows point to select pits in anterior border furrow on exfoliated surface. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5369856" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5369856/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B16543FF99B056FF2DFC85FF54FBD7" pageId="5" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="391436C8FF99B056FF2DFC85FCFEFC4D" blockId="5.[132,1236,876,1799]" box="[180,868,876,903]" pageId="5">
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<collectionCode id="5FBAAE0DFF99B056FF2DFC85FE1BFC4D" box="[180,385,876,903]" pageId="5">TYPE SUBSPECIES</collectionCode>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FE15FC84FCC5FC4D" authority="erugata Fortey, 1974" authorityName="erugata Fortey" authorityYear="1974" box="[396,863,876,903]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="erugata" subSpecies="erugata">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FE15FC84FD5EFC4D" box="[396,708,876,902]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi erugata erugata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5D3A4B39FF99B056FD55FC85FCC5FC4D" author="Fortey, R. A." box="[716,863,876,903]" pageId="5" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref7470" refString="Fortey, R. A. 1974. The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. I. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 160: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1974">Fortey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="391436C8FF99B056FF2DFC7AFE1DFC1A" blockId="5.[132,1236,876,1799]" pageId="5">
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<collectionCode id="5FBAAE0DFF99B056FF2DFC7AFEF6FC67" box="[180,364,914,940]" pageId="5">TYPE LOCALITY</collectionCode>
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: Profilstranda, Olenidsletta Member, Valhallfonna Formation, Ny Friesland, Spitsbergen,
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<collectingCountry id="41BC7658FF99B056FE82FC5FFE19FC1A" box="[283,387,951,977]" name="Svalbard and Jan Mayen" pageId="5">Svalbard</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="391436C8FF99B056FF2DFC34FF54FBD7" blockId="5.[132,1236,876,1799]" pageId="5">
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<collectionCode id="5FBAAE0DFF99B056FF2DFC34FEDAFC3D" box="[180,320,988,1014]" pageId="5">SUBSPECIES</collectionCode>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FED2FC34FC86FC3D" authority="erugata Fortey, 1974" authorityName="erugata Fortey" authorityYear="1974" box="[331,796,988,1015]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="erugata" subSpecies="erugata">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FED2FC34FD18FC3D" box="[331,642,988,1014]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi erugata erugata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5D3A4B39FF99B056FD13FC35FC86FC3D" author="Fortey, R. A." box="[650,796,988,1015]" pageId="5" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref7470" refString="Fortey, R. A. 1974. The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. I. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 160: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1974">Fortey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FCB1FC34FF53FBD7" authority="(Fortey, 1974)" baseAuthorityName="Fortey" baseAuthorityYear="1974" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="erugata" subSpecies="sombrero">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FCB1FC34FBE8FC3D" box="[808,1138,988,1014]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi erugata sombrero</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="5D3A4B39FF99B056FB1BFC34FF5BFBD7" author="Fortey, R. A." pageId="5" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref7470" refString="Fortey, R. A. 1974. The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. I. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 160: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1974">Fortey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B16543FF99B056FF2DFBCFFBD5FB7A" pageId="5" type="description">
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<paragraph id="391436C8FF99B056FF2DFBCFFBD5FB7A" blockId="5.[132,1236,876,1799]" pageId="5">
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EMENDED DIAGNOSIS:
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FE23FBCFFD16FB8A" box="[442,652,1063,1089]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FE23FBCFFDA9FB8A" box="[442,563,1063,1089]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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with long (sag.) anterior border rounded on midline. Anterior border with 25–30 pits; pits expressed only on internal mold. Glabella rounded anteriorly; preglabellar field broad. Palpebral lobes long, with anterior end forward of 2p and posterior end at occipital furrow. Moderately large pygidium with four axial rings.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="71B16543FF99B056FF2DFB54FB49F8CD" pageId="5" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="391436C8FF99B056FF2DFB54FC6AFA7D" blockId="5.[132,1236,876,1799]" pageId="5">
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DISCUSSION: In both subspecies, distinct pits are visible only on the internal mold of the anterior border furrow (fig. 2E, F). In this case (where the pit is not expressed on the dorsal surface), this trait may be better described as a series of “protuberances” on the ventral surface that form pits on the internal mold. These protuberances meet nodes on the doublure of the librigena beneath the anterior border of the cranidium (see
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<bibRefCitation id="5D3A4B39FF99B056FCAAFABAFC5EFAA7" author="Fortey, R. A." box="[819,964,1362,1388]" pageId="5" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref7470" refString="Fortey, R. A. 1974. The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. I. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 160: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1974">Fortey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 5, fig. 10). On other
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FF1DFA9FFEC1FA5A" box="[132,347,1399,1425]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FF1DFA9FFF67FA5A" box="[132,253,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi</emphasis>
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species
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</taxonomicName>
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, the structures are visible on the anterior border (e.g.,
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FC7FFA9FFB57FA5A" authorityName="Fortey" authorityYear="1974" box="[998,1229,1399,1425]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulvurea">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FC7FFA9FFB57FA5A" box="[998,1229,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi pulvurea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, see
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<bibRefCitation id="5D3A4B39FF99B056FF29FA75FED9FA7D" author="Fortey, R. A." box="[176,323,1436,1463]" pageId="5" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref7470" refString="Fortey, R. A. 1974. The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. I. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 160: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1974">Fortey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 1, fig. 4), and more in keeping with the idea of a “pit.”
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="391436C8FF99B056FF2DFA29FB49F8CD" blockId="5.[132,1236,876,1799]" pageId="5">
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The
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<typeStatus id="E610886AFF99B056FF77FA29FEC3FA10" box="[238,345,1473,1499]" pageId="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FE1CFA29FD54FA10" authority="erugata" authorityName="erugata Fortey" authorityYear="1974" box="[389,718,1473,1499]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="erugata" subSpecies="erugata">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FE1CFA29FD54FA10" box="[389,718,1473,1499]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi erugata erugata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is almost completely exfoliated (fig. 2A), but specimens that otherwise fit the diagnosis (including some listed by
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<bibRefCitation id="5D3A4B39FF99B056FC69FA0FFB1CF9CA" author="Fortey, R. A." box="[1008,1158,1511,1537]" pageId="5" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref7470" refString="Fortey, R. A. 1974. The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. I. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 160: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1974">Fortey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
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) show very fine granulation across the glabella (fig. 2D), in the posterior border furrow (fig. 2C), and more rarely preserved on the frontal area (fig. 2B). Terrace lines are evident on the border of the
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<typeStatus id="E610886AFF99B056FEAEF9BFFE39F9BA" box="[311,419,1623,1649]" pageId="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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(fig. 2A) and some better-preserved specimens (fig. 2B).
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<bibRefCitation id="5D3A4B39FF99B056FB1CF9BFFF4EF95D" author="Fortey, R. A." pageId="5" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref7470" refString="Fortey, R. A. 1974. The Ordovician trilobites of Spitsbergen. I. Olenidae. Norsk Polarinstitutt Skrifter 160: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1974">Fortey (1974)</bibRefCitation>
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differentiated
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FE1FF994FDFCF95D" authorityName="Fortey" authorityYear="1974" box="[390,614,1660,1686]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erugata">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FE1FF994FDFCF95D" box="[390,614,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi erugata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FD3BF994FC0EF95D" authorityName="Fortey" authorityYear="1974" box="[674,916,1660,1686]" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sombrero">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FD3BF994FC0EF95D" box="[674,916,1660,1686]" italics="true" pageId="5">Balnibarbi sombrero</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the length (sag.) of the preglabellar field relative to the glabella. The type and figured specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="FEAB4D4BFF99B056FBE0F94AFF59F92A" authorityName="Fortey" authorityYear="1974" class="Trilobita" family="Olenidae" genus="Balnibarbi" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ptychopariida" pageId="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sombrero">
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<emphasis id="0BDFEADAFF99B056FBE0F94AFF59F92A" italics="true" pageId="5">B. sombrero</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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do have a larger preglabellar field (fig. 3), and there is no granulation visible on the external surface where preserved. However, some specimens that have fine granulation
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |