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<mods:title id="043856E19EF1F5CA09CA748391AF644B">Description of nymphs and female subimago of Sparsorythus multilabeculatus Sroka &amp; Soldán, 2008 (Ephemeroptera: Tricorythidae) associated with male imago based on DNA sequence data</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAA7A1DFF5BEE22624B7030" ID-CoL="6YV8K" authority="Sroka &amp; Soldan, 2008" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,774,585,611]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAA7A1DFF5BEE2260BF7030" box="[151,498,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Sparsorythus multilabeculatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFAA7A1DFE31EE22624B7030" author="Sroka, P. &amp; Soldan, T." box="[509,774,585,611]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" pagination="313 - 354" refId="ref6825" refString="Sroka, P. &amp; Soldan, T. (2008) The Tricorythidae of the Oriental Region, In: Hauer, F. R. Stanford, J. A. &amp; Newell, R. L. (Eds.), International Advances in the Ecology, Zoogeography, and Systematics of mayflies and stoneflies. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, pp. 313 - 354. https: // doi. org / 10.1525 / california / 9780520098688.003.0021" type="book chapter" year="2008">Sroka &amp; Soldán, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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, 
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were collected from the 
<location id="2150B6A8FFAA7A1DFBF4EE2262BE70D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC265165FFAA7A1BFF5BEE226353759A:2150B6A8FFAA7A1DFBF4EE2262BE70D4" country="Thailand" latitude="14.337122" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.246666" name="stream of Wang Tao waterfall, Thap Lan National Park, Khon Buri District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">stream of Wang Tao waterfall, Thap Lan National Park, Khon Buri District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province</location>
, 
<collectingCountry id="5C98A0E3FFAA7A1DFBCCEE06652970D4" box="[1024,1124,621,647]" name="Thailand" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAA7A1DFBB8EE0665AF70D4" box="[1140,1250,621,647]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1985,2010]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,1965,1990]" captionTargetBox-0="[162,1426,997,1853]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,1047,1903]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[151,1436,989,1860]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[151,1435,1047,1903]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Map showing Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand; black spot = sampling locality." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Wang Tao waterfall, Thap Lan National Park, Khon Buri District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand, where the specimens of Sparsorythus multilabeculatus were collected." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543377" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543379" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3543377/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3543379/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
). It is located at 
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14 
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20’13.64’’N
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, 
<geoCoordinate id="41BB86B4FFAA7A1DFE9EEEFA634670F8" box="[338,523,656,683]" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" precision="1" seconds="48.00" value="102.246666">
102 
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14’48.00’’E
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and elevation 
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<elevation id="AFA20740FFAA7A1DFD63EEFA63BB70F8" box="[687,758,657,683]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" unit="m" value="223.0">223 m</elevation>
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a.s.l. The collections were made between 
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<collectingDate id="40753F5BFFAA7A1DFB03EEFA642B70F8" box="[1231,1382,657,683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" value="2013" valueMax="2018">2013 to 2018</collectingDate>
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, five to ten years after the male imago of the species from 
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was originally described by Sroka and Soldán in 2008. Nymphs were collected by using an aquatic net with 
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mesh size and by hand picking. Adults were collected by light trap overnight using an ultraviolet lamp (15-W fluorescent tube). All specimens were preserved in 95% ethanol. Photographs were taken using a Canon 550D digital camera and Nikon AZ100 Multizoom microscope. Eggs from female nymphs and female adults, and other materials for SEM study were dehydrated in a graded ethanol series, dried by the critical point method, sputter coated with gold and observed with an LEO 1450VP scanning electron microscope.
</subSubSection>
</paragraph>
<caption id="70F0B0FBFFAA7A1DFF5BEBAA65CF7589" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543377" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3543377" box="[151,1154,1985,2010]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543377/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="502" startId="1.[151,250,1985,2010]" targetBox="[162,1426,997,1853]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAA7A1DFF5BEBAA65CF7589" blockId="1.[151,1154,1985,2010]" box="[151,1154,1985,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAA7A1DFF5BEBAA605E7589" bold="true" box="[151,275,1985,2010]" pageId="1" pageNumber="502">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Map showing Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand; black spot = sampling locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA97A1EFF0BECF2654B71BC" blockId="2.[151,1437,152,1007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">
A piece of tissue from the legs of nymphs and adults was preserved in 95% ethanol. Total DNA extraction was performed using the PureLink Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, 
<collectingCountry id="5C98A0E3FFA97A1EFB87ECD665C87284" box="[1099,1157,189,215]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">USA</collectingCountry>
) extraction protocol and the DNA was stored at -20 °C. Each 50 μL polymerase chain reaction (PCR) contained (1) ~ 
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of template DNA; 0.4 U of Taq DNA polymerase with 
<date id="5031C6B3FFA97A1EFDB1ED6E63D3734C" box="[637,670,261,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">1X</date>
ViBuffer, which was composed of 500 mM KCl, 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 9.1 at 20°C) and 0.1% Triton™ X-100 and (2) 2 mM MgCl 
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, 200 μM total dNTP and each primer at 1 μM. The fragment of COI gene was amplified with universal primers LCO1490 + HCO2198 (
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFBACED2664777334" author="Folmer, O. &amp; Black, M. &amp; Hoeh, W. &amp; Lutz, R. &amp; Vrijenhoek, R." box="[1120,1338,333,359]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="294 - 299" refId="ref5622" refString="Folmer, O., Black, M., Hoeh, W., Lutz, R. &amp; Vrijenhoek, R. (1994) DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. Molecular Marine Biology and Biotechnology, 3, 294 - 299. Available from: https: // pdfs. semanticscholar. org / 943 d / 38 b 9 d 96 f 8222 e 883604822 bcafb 7930 ca 6 da. pdf (Accessed 12 Nov. 2019)" type="journal article" year="1994">
Folmer 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFB70ED2565A27334" box="[1212,1263,333,359]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">et al</emphasis>
. 1994
</bibRefCitation>
), but we found that it did not work for the male nymph. Therefore, the modified primers LC01490_mod + HC02198_mod (
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFF53EDFE603C73FC" author="Garces, J. M. &amp; Bauernfeind, E. &amp; Freitag, H." box="[159,369,405,431]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="13 - 30" refId="ref5783" refString="Garces, J. M., Bauernfeind, E. &amp; Freitag, H. (2018) Sparsorythus sescarorum, new species from Mindoro, Philippines (Ephemeroptera, Tricorythidae). ZooKeys, 795, 13 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 795.28412" type="journal article" year="2018">
Garces 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFF3AEDFD606473FC" box="[246,297,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
) was used for the male nymph. Thermal cycling started with incubation at 94 °C for one min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 °C for one min, annealing at 48, 50 °C for 30 s and extension at 72 °C for one min, with a final extension step at 72 °C for five min. All PCR products were visualized on 1.5% agarose gels using Omnipur Agarose (
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). PCR products were purified and then sequenced in both directions by Macrogen INC Sequencing (
<collectingRegion id="E64B2E91FFA97A1EFE5DEE4E6098706C" box="[401,469,549,575]" country="South Korea" name="Seoul" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Seoul</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="5C98A0E3FFA97A1EFE2CEE4E636B706C" box="[480,550,549,575]" name="South Korea" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Korea</collectingCountry>
) using an ABI PRISM 3130 x l Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, 
<collectingCountry id="5C98A0E3FFA97A1EFF18EE22605C7030" box="[212,273,585,611]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">USA</collectingCountry>
). Sequences were aligned using BIOEDIT version 7.2.5 (
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFC5DEE2265487030" author="Hall, T. A." box="[913,1029,585,611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="95 - 98" refId="ref5837" refString="Hall, T. A. (1999) BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95 / 98 / NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series, 4, 95 - 98. Available from: http: // brownlab. mbio. ncsu. edu / JWB / papers / 1999 Hall 1 (Accessed 12 Nov. 2019)" type="journal article" year="1999">Hall 1999</bibRefCitation>
). Pairwise distances were calculated with MEGA version X (
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFE65EE06633170D4" author="Kumar, S. &amp; Stecher, G. &amp; Knyaz, C. &amp; Tamura, K." box="[425,636,621,647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="1547 - 1549" refId="ref6216" refString="Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li. M., Knyaz, C. &amp; Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35 (6), 1547 - 1549. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / molbev / msy 096" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kumar 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFDCDEE05637E70D4" box="[513,563,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
) using the “Distances” option and “Nucleotide: p-distance” model option for distances. The COI tree was constructed using the MEGA X (
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFC65EEFA653070F8" author="Kumar, S. &amp; Stecher, G. &amp; Knyaz, C. &amp; Tamura, K." box="[937,1149,657,683]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="1547 - 1549" refId="ref6216" refString="Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li. M., Knyaz, C. &amp; Tamura, K. (2018) MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 35 (6), 1547 - 1549. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / molbev / msy 096" type="journal article" year="2018">
Kumar 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFBCCEEF9657F70F8" box="[1024,1074,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). We selected T92+I with partial deletion as the most appropriate model for reconstruction (based on lowest AICc and BIC scores) and conducted a Maximum Likelihood analysis based on the Tamura 3-parameter model (
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFBEEEEB265F670A0" author="Tamura, K." box="[1058,1211,729,755]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="678 - 687" refId="ref6915" refString="Tamura, K. (1992) Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions when there are strong transition-transversion and G + C-content biases. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 9, 678 - 687. Available from: https: // link. springer. com / article / 10.1007 / BF 0017825 6 (Accessed 12 Nov. 2019)" type="journal article" year="1992">Tamura 1992</bibRefCitation>
). Branch supporting values were assessed using 1,000 bootstrap replications. DNA sequences of other ingroup taxa were downloaded from GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank), obtaining sequences for 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA97A1EFBFCEF4A6088710C" authority="Batucan, Nuneza &amp; Lin, 2016" authorityName="Batucan, Nuneza &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buntawensis">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFBFCEF4A641B7168" box="[1072,1366,801,827]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Sparsorythus buntawensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFA92EF4A6088710C" author="Batucan, L. S. &amp; Nuneza, O. M. &amp; Villanueva, R. J. T. &amp; Lin, C. P." pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="6 - 13" refId="ref5387" refString="Batucan, L. S., Nuneza, O. M., Villanueva, R. J. T. &amp; Lin, C. P. (2016) A new species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Tricorythidae) from Mindanao Island, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcodes. Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology, 10, 6 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.26757 / pjsb. 201610002" type="journal article" year="2016">Batucan, Nuñeza &amp; Lin, 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA97A1EFE18EF2E6297710C" authority="Sroka &amp; Soldan, 2008" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[468,986,837,863]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFE18EF2E6385710C" box="[468,712,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Sparsorythus gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFD1FEF2E6297710C" author="Sroka, P. &amp; Soldan, T." box="[723,986,837,863]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="313 - 354" refId="ref6825" refString="Sroka, P. &amp; Soldan, T. (2008) The Tricorythidae of the Oriental Region, In: Hauer, F. R. Stanford, J. A. &amp; Newell, R. L. (Eds.), International Advances in the Ecology, Zoogeography, and Systematics of mayflies and stoneflies. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, pp. 313 - 354. https: // doi. org / 10.1525 / california / 9780520098688.003.0021" type="book chapter" year="2008">Sroka &amp; Soldán, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; and 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA97A1EFBD1EF2E60AD71D0" authority="Garces, Bauernfeind &amp; Freitag, 2018" authorityName="Garces, Bauernfeind &amp; Freitag" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sescarorum">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFBD1EF2E6470710C" box="[1053,1341,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Sparsorythus sescarorum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA97A1EFA8BEF2E60AD71D0" author="Garces, J. M. &amp; Bauernfeind, E. &amp; Freitag, H." pageId="2" pageNumber="503" pagination="13 - 30" refId="ref5783" refString="Garces, J. M., Bauernfeind, E. &amp; Freitag, H. (2018) Sparsorythus sescarorum, new species from Mindoro, Philippines (Ephemeroptera, Tricorythidae). ZooKeys, 795, 13 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 795.28412" type="journal article" year="2018">Garces, Bauernfeind &amp; Freitag, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The species 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA97A1EFDBAEF02655771D0" authority="Eaton, 1892" authorityName="Eaton" authorityYear="1892" box="[630,1050,873,899]" class="Insecta" family="Leptohyphidae" genus="Tricorythodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="explicatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFDBAEF0262C671D0" box="[630,907,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Tricorythodes explicatus</emphasis>
Eaton, 1892
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA97A1EFBE4EF02659571D0" box="[1064,1240,873,899]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Ephemeroptera</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA97A1EFB28EF0264DC71D7" box="[1252,1425,873,900]" class="Insecta" family="Leptohyphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Leptohyphidae</taxonomicName>
), was used to root the trees as an outgroup species (sequence available in GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ genbank)). The GenBank accession numbers are given in 
<tableCitation id="690DD5C8FFA97A1EFCD8EFDA622A7198" box="[788,871,945,971]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,239,153,177]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Species and specimens used in analysis, locality, and GenBank accession number for DNA sequence." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/70F0B0FBFFA87A1FFF5BECF2640472E2" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" tableUuid="70F0B0FBFFA87A1FFF5BECF2640472E2">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Vouchered specimens are deposited in the Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 
<collectingRegion id="E64B2E91FFA97A1EFDF5EFBE63F771BC" box="[569,698,981,1007]" country="Thailand" name="Khon Kaen" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Khon Kaen</collectingRegion>
University (KKU), 
<collectingCountry id="5C98A0E3FFA97A1EFC57EFBE654F71BC" box="[923,1026,981,1007]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="70F0B0FBFFA97A1EFF5BEBC6625075B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543379" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3543379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543379/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" startId="2.[151,250,1965,1990]" targetBox="[151,1435,1047,1903]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA97A1EFF5BEBC6625075B9" blockId="2.[151,1436,1965,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFF5BEBC6605E7595" bold="true" box="[151,275,1965,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Wang Tao waterfall, Thap Lan National Park, Khon Buri District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand, where the specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA97A1EFE84EBBA633075BA" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[328,637,2001,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA97A1EFE84EBBA633075BA" box="[328,637,2001,2025]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="503">Sparsorythus multilabeculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="70F0B0FBFFA87A1FFF5BECF2640472E2" ID-Table-UUID="70F0B0FBFFA87A1FFF5BECF2640472E2" box="[151,1353,153,178]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/70F0B0FBFFA87A1FFF5BECF2640472E2" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" targetBox="[166,1388,189,781]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A1FFF5BECF2640472E2" blockId="3.[151,1353,153,178]" box="[151,1353,153,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF5BECF2604772E1" bold="true" box="[151,266,153,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Species and specimens used in analysis, locality, and GenBank accession number for DNA sequence.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A1FFF6AECD665837152" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<table id="568F12D3FFA885E3FF6AECD66421715E" box="[166,1388,189,781]" gridcols="5" gridrows="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AECD664217285" box="[166,1388,189,214]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AECD660967285" box="[166,475,189,214]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AECD661B87285" bold="true" box="[166,245,189,214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAECD663C37285" box="[518,654,189,214]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFDCAECD663127285" bold="true" box="[518,607,189,214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Locality</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74ECD662217285" box="[696,876,189,214]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFD74ECD663BE7285" bold="true" box="[696,755,189,214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Stage</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EECD665517285" box="[930,1052,189,214]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFC6EECD562B07285" bold="true" box="[930,1021,190,214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Voucher</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3ECD664217285" box="[1087,1388,189,214]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFBF3ECD664217285" bold="true" box="[1087,1388,189,214]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">GenBank accession number</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEC88642172AF" box="[166,1388,227,252]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEC88609672AF" box="[166,475,227,252]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEC8F609672AF" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[166,475,228,252]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEC8F609672AF" box="[166,475,228,252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus multilabeculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEC8863C372AF" box="[518,654,227,252]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Thailand</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74EC88622172AF" box="[696,876,227,252]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Male Imago</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EEC88655172AF" box="[930,1052,227,252]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KKUE0008</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EC88642172AF" box="[1087,1388,227,252]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<accessionNumber id="3BDC7D90FFA87A1FFBF3EC8865F972AF" box="[1087,1204,227,252]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK692506" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MK692506</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AED6264217371" box="[166,1388,265,290]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AED6260967371" box="[166,475,265,290]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AED6160967371" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[166,475,266,290]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AED6160967371" box="[166,475,266,290]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus multilabeculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAED6263C37371" box="[518,654,265,290]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Thailand</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74ED6262217371" box="[696,876,265,290]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Male Imago</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EED6265517371" box="[930,1052,265,290]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KKUE0009</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3ED6264217371" box="[1087,1388,265,290]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<accessionNumber id="3BDC7D90FFA87A1FFBF3ED6265F97371" box="[1087,1204,265,290]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK692507" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MK692507</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AED446421731B" box="[166,1388,303,328]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AED446096731B" box="[166,475,303,328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AED4460617314" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[166,300,303,327]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AED4460617314" box="[166,300,303,327]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAED4463C3731B" box="[518,654,303,328]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Thailand</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74ED446221731B" box="[696,876,303,328]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Female nymph</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EED446551731B" box="[930,1052,303,328]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KKUE0010</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3ED446421731B" box="[1087,1388,303,328]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<accessionNumber id="3BDC7D90FFA87A1FFBF3ED4465F9731B" box="[1087,1204,303,328]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK692508" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MK692508</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AED3E6421733D" box="[166,1388,341,366]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AED3E6096733D" box="[166,475,341,366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AED3E6061733E" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[166,300,341,365]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AED3E6061733E" box="[166,300,341,365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAED3E63C3733D" box="[518,654,341,366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Thailand</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74ED3E6221733D" box="[696,876,341,366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Female nymph</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EED3E6551733D" box="[930,1052,341,366]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KKUE0011</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3ED3E6421733D" box="[1087,1388,341,366]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<accessionNumber id="3BDC7D90FFA87A1FFBF3ED3E65F9733D" box="[1087,1204,341,366]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK692509" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MK692509</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AED11642173C0" box="[166,1388,378,403]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AED11609673C0" box="[166,475,378,403]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AED10606173C0" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[166,300,379,403]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AED10606173C0" box="[166,300,379,403]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAED1163C373C0" box="[518,654,378,403]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Thailand</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74ED11622173C0" box="[696,876,378,403]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Female subimago</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EED11655173C0" box="[930,1052,378,403]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KKUE0012</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3ED11642173C0" box="[1087,1388,378,403]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<accessionNumber id="3BDC7D90FFA87A1FFBF3ED1165F973C0" box="[1087,1204,378,403]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK692510" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MK692510</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEDCB642173EA" box="[166,1388,416,441]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEDCB609673EA" box="[166,475,416,441]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEDCA606173EA" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[166,300,417,441]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEDCA606173EA" box="[166,300,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEDCB63C373EA" box="[518,654,416,441]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Thailand</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74EDCB622173EA" box="[696,876,416,441]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Male nymph</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EEDCB655173EA" box="[930,1052,416,441]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KKUE0013</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EDCB642173EA" box="[1087,1388,416,441]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<accessionNumber id="3BDC7D90FFA87A1FFBF3EDCB65FE73EA" box="[1087,1203,416,441]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK692511" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MK692511</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEDAD6421738C" box="[166,1388,454,479]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEDAD6096738C" box="[166,475,454,479]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEDAC6061738C" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[166,300,455,479]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEDAC6061738C" box="[166,300,455,479]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEDAD63C3738C" box="[518,654,454,479]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Thailand</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74EDAD6221738C" box="[696,876,454,479]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Female subimago</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EEDAD6551738C" box="[930,1052,454,479]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KKUE0014</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EDAD6421738C" box="[1087,1388,454,479]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<accessionNumber id="3BDC7D90FFA87A1FFBF3EDAD65F9738C" box="[1087,1204,454,479]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MK692512" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MK692512</accessionNumber>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AED8164217056" box="[166,1388,490,517]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AED8160967056" box="[166,475,490,517]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AED8760E27057" authorityName="Batucan, Nuneza &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2016" box="[166,431,492,516]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buntawensis">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AED8760E27057" box="[166,431,492,516]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus buntawensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAED8163C37056" box="[518,654,490,517]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Philippines</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74ED8162217056" box="[696,876,490,517]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Male Imago</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EED8165517056" box="[930,1052,490,517]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">6M7.2</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3ED8164217056" box="[1087,1388,490,517]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KT250143.1 1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEE7B64217078" box="[166,1388,528,555]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEE7B60967078" box="[166,475,528,555]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEE7960E27079" authorityName="Batucan, Nuneza &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2016" box="[166,431,530,554]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buntawensis">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEE7960E27079" box="[166,431,530,554]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus buntawensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEE7B63C37078" box="[518,654,528,555]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Philippines</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74EE7B62217078" box="[696,876,528,555]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Female subimago</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EEE7B65517078" box="[930,1052,528,555]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">6F10.44</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EE7B64217078" box="[1087,1388,528,555]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">KT250144.1 1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEE5D64217003" box="[166,1388,566,592]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEE5D60967003" box="[166,475,566,592]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEE5360327003" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[166,383,568,592]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEE5360327003" box="[166,383,568,592]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEE5D63C37003" box="[518,654,566,592]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">India</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EE5D64217003" box="[1087,1388,566,592]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">LC061853.1 2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEE3764217025" box="[166,1388,604,630]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEE3760967025" box="[166,475,604,630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEE3560EA7025" authorityName="Garces, Bauernfeind &amp; Freitag" authorityYear="2018" box="[166,423,606,630]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sescarorum">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEE3560EA7025" box="[166,423,606,630]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus sescarorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEE3763C37025" box="[518,654,604,630]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Philippines</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74EE3762217025" box="[696,876,604,630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Nymph</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EEE3765517025" box="[930,1052,604,630]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">EPH 5</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EE3764217025" box="[1087,1388,604,630]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MH595458.1 3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEEEA642170CF" box="[166,1388,641,668]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEEEA609670CF" box="[166,475,641,668]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEEEF60EA70C8" authorityName="Garces, Bauernfeind &amp; Freitag" authorityYear="2018" box="[166,423,644,668]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sescarorum">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEEEF60EA70C8" box="[166,423,644,668]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus sescarorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEEEA63C370CF" box="[518,654,641,668]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Philippines</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74EEEA622170CF" box="[696,876,641,668]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Nymph</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EEEEA655170CF" box="[930,1052,641,668]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">EPH 43</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EEEA642170CF" box="[1087,1388,641,668]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MH595460.1 3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEECC64217091" box="[166,1388,679,706]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEECC60967091" box="[166,475,679,706]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEEC260EA7092" authorityName="Garces, Bauernfeind &amp; Freitag" authorityYear="2018" box="[166,423,681,705]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sescarorum">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEEC260EA7092" box="[166,423,681,705]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus sescarorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEECC63C37091" box="[518,654,679,706]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Philippines</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74EECC62217091" box="[696,876,679,706]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Male Imago</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EEECC65517091" box="[930,1052,679,706]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">EPH 2</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EECC64217091" box="[1087,1388,679,706]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MH595457.1 3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEEA6642170B4" box="[166,1388,717,743]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEEA6609670B4" box="[166,475,717,743]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEEA460EA70B4" authorityName="Garces, Bauernfeind &amp; Freitag" authorityYear="2018" box="[166,423,719,743]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sescarorum">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEEA460EA70B4" box="[166,423,719,743]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus sescarorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEEA663C370B4" box="[518,654,717,743]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Philippines</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FD74EEA6622170B4" box="[696,876,717,743]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Female subimago</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FC6EEEA6655170B4" box="[930,1052,717,743]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">EPH 42</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EEA6642170B4" box="[1087,1388,717,743]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MH595459.1 3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="9ABFE231FFA885E3FF6AEE986421715E" box="[166,1388,755,781]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1">
<th id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FF6AEE986096715E" box="[166,475,755,781]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFF6AEE9E60ED715E" authorityName="Eaton" authorityYear="1892" box="[166,416,757,781]" class="Insecta" family="Leptohyphidae" genus="Tricorythodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="explicatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF6AEE9E60ED715E" box="[166,416,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Tricorythodes explicatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FDCAEE9863C3715E" box="[518,654,755,781]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">United States</td>
<td id="D96E8B4DFFA885E3FBF3EE986421715E" box="[1087,1388,755,781]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">MH841292.1 4</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A1FFF5BEF7165607166" blockId="3.[151,1069,794,821]" box="[151,1069,794,821]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
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<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA87A1FFF53EF76603F7167" author="Batucan, L. S. &amp; Nuneza, O. M. &amp; Villanueva, R. J. T. &amp; Lin, C. P." box="[159,370,796,820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" pagination="6 - 13" refId="ref5387" refString="Batucan, L. S., Nuneza, O. M., Villanueva, R. J. T. &amp; Lin, C. P. (2016) A new species of mayfly (Ephemeroptera: Tricorythidae) from Mindanao Island, Philippines and association of life stages using DNA barcodes. Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology, 10, 6 - 13. https: // doi. org / 10.26757 / pjsb. 201610002" type="journal article" year="2016">
Batucan 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF31EF7660617167" box="[253,300,796,820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
; 
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<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA87A1FFE48EF7763327167" author="Selvakumar, C. &amp; Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. &amp; Janarthanan, S." box="[388,639,796,820]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" pagination="651 - 655" refId="ref6769" refString="Selvakumar, C., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. &amp; Janarthanan, S. (2016) DNA barcoding of mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from South India. Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 1 (1), 651 - 655. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 23802359.2016.1219623" type="journal article" year="2016">
Selvakumar 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFDC6EF7663747167" box="[522,569,796,820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
; 
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<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA87A1FFD5DEF76621A7166" author="Garces, J. M. &amp; Bauernfeind, E. &amp; Freitag, H." box="[657,855,796,821]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" pagination="13 - 30" refId="ref5783" refString="Garces, J. M., Bauernfeind, E. &amp; Freitag, H. (2018) Sparsorythus sescarorum, new species from Mindoro, Philippines (Ephemeroptera, Tricorythidae). ZooKeys, 795, 13 - 30. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 795.28412" type="journal article" year="2018">
Garces 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFD2EEF76625C7167" box="[738,785,796,820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
; 
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<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA87A1FFCA5EF7765647166" author="Polato, N. R. &amp; Gill, B. A. &amp; Shah, A. A. &amp; Grey, M. M. &amp; Casner, K. L. &amp; Barthelet, A. &amp; Messer, P. W. &amp; Simmons, M. P. &amp; Guayasamin, J. M. &amp; Encalada, A. C. &amp; Kondratieff, B. C. &amp; Flecker, A. S. &amp; Thomas, S. A. &amp; Ghalambor, C. K. &amp; Poff, N. L. &amp; Funk, W. C. &amp; Zamudio, K. R." box="[873,1065,796,821]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" pagination="12471 - 12476" refId="ref6598" refString="Polato, N. R., Gill, B. A., Shah, A. A., Grey, M. M., Casner, K. L., Barthelet, A., Messer, P. W., Simmons, M. P., Guayasamin, J. M., Encalada, A. C., Kondratieff, B. C., Flecker, A. S., Thomas, S. A., Ghalambor, C. K., Poff, N. L., Funk, W. C. &amp; Zamudio, K. R. (2018) Narrow thermal tolerance and low dispersal drive higher speciation in tropical mountains. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115 (49), 12471 - 12476, 47 pls., https: // doi. org / 10.1073 / pnas. 1809326115" type="book chapter" year="2018">
Polato 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFC78EF7662AE7167" box="[948,995,796,820]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="6C95B3F8FFA87A1FFF5BEFEC6551775A" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A1FFF5BEFEC61BF71F2" blockId="3.[151,242,903,929]" box="[151,242,903,929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<heading id="7F78571FFFA87A1FFF5BEFEC61BF71F2" bold="true" box="[151,242,903,929]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" reason="1">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF5BEFEC61BF71F2" bold="true" box="[151,242,903,929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Results</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A1FFF5BEFA4633476CE" blockId="3.[151,1437,975,2045]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
A total of 122 nymphs and 3,160 winged specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFCC6EFA462D371BA" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[778,926,975,1001]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFCC6EFA462D371BA" box="[778,926,975,1001]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found at Wang Tao waterfall. Based on morphological characteristics, all winged specimens were 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFCFEEF98645E765E" authority="Sroka &amp; Soldan, 2008" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[818,1299,1011,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFCFEEF986546765E" box="[818,1035,1011,1037]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">S. multilabeculatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="401E9D82FFA87A1FFBD8EF98645E765E" author="Sroka, P. &amp; Soldan, T." box="[1044,1299,1011,1037]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" pagination="313 - 354" refId="ref6825" refString="Sroka, P. &amp; Soldan, T. (2008) The Tricorythidae of the Oriental Region, In: Hauer, F. R. Stanford, J. A. &amp; Newell, R. L. (Eds.), International Advances in the Ecology, Zoogeography, and Systematics of mayflies and stoneflies. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, pp. 313 - 354. https: // doi. org / 10.1525 / california / 9780520098688.003.0021" type="book chapter" year="2008">Sroka &amp; Soldán, 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. They were composed of female subimagines and male imagines. Female imagines were absent. Eggs of female subimagines and female nymphs showed the same characteristics. Rearing nymphs to adult stage was not successful. Genetic distances of the sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene among male and female nymphs, female subimagines, and male imagines ranged from 0 to 0.004.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A1FFF0BE8CC6551775A" blockId="3.[151,1437,975,2045]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
In the Maximum Likelihood analysis, 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFDB8E8CC62457692" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[628,776,1191,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFDB8E8CC62457692" box="[628,776,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Sparsorythus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nymphs and female subimagines from Wang Tao waterfall grouped together with males identified as 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFDB8E8A0620676B6" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[628,843,1227,1253]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFDB8E8A0620676B6" box="[628,843,1227,1253]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">S. multilabeculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and were distinct from other species included in the analysis (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFECDE8846008775A" box="[257,325,1263,1289]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1909,1934]" captionTargetBox="[191,1391,1065,1881]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[181,1405,1057,1890]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. A Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction based on sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene. Sparsorythus buntawensis, Sparsorythus gracilis, Sparsorythus sescarorum and Tricorythodes explicates sequences from GenBank from aligned COI sequence of 452 bp. Nodal support values are bootstrap values (percentage of 1000 replicate). Scale bar indicates 0.05 nucleotide substitutions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543381/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). It showed that they were the same species, 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFCF1E8846551775A" box="[829,1052,1263,1289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFA87A1FFCF1E884655A775A" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[829,1047,1263,1289]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">S. multilabeculatus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6C95B3F8FFA87A1BFF0BE9786353759A" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="508" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" type="description">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A1FFF0BE978650B7702" blockId="3.[151,1437,975,2045]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF0BE97860DF777E" bold="true" box="[199,402,1299,1325]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Mature nymphs:</emphasis>
Male average body length (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFD1FE9786255777E" box="[723,792,1299,1325]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1103,1128]" captionTargetBox="[192,1394,174,1084]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[192,1394,174,1084]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, male nymph in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543383" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543383/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFA87A1FFCE5E97962C3777E" box="[809,910,1298,1325]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="3.05">3.05 mm</quantity>
(n = 40), female average body length (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFA83E97864DE777E" box="[1359,1427,1298,1325]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,2005,2030]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1142,1986]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1142,1986]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, female nymph in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543385" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543385/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFA87A1FFF5BE95C61B67702" box="[151,251,1335,1361]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.48" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="3.48">3.48 mm</quantity>
(n = 76). Body colouration pale yellowish, dorsal side with black marking.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A1FFF0BE93060C875C2" blockId="3.[151,1437,975,2045]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF0BE930605D7726" bold="true" box="[199,272,1371,1397]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Head:</emphasis>
Head wider than long and dark blackish-brown. Head widths 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFA87A1FFC02E930653C7726" box="[974,1137,1371,1397]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" metricValueMax="9.399999999999999" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="0.78" valueMax="0.94" valueMin="0.62">0.62–0.94 mm</quantity>
(male) and 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFA87A1FFB35E93064D07726" box="[1273,1437,1371,1397]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" metricValueMax="12.1" metricValueMin="6.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="504" unit="mm" value="0.9199999999999999" valueMax="1.21" valueMin="0.63">0.63–1.21 mm</quantity>
(female). Antennae longer than head length 2.4:1 (male) and 1.9:1 (female). Scapes about one half length of pedicels. Compound eyes black, ocelli greyish. Eyes of both sexes about same size. Ratio of distance between compound eyes to eye width of male = 3.42:1, female = 4.32:1. Labrum (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFC95E9AC62E477B1" box="[857,937,1479,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1973,1998]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, nymph, 6a. labrum; 6b. maxilla; 6c. left mandible; 6d. right mandible; 6e. left prostheca; 6f. right prostheca; 6g. hypopharyngeal lingua; 6h. labium. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (6a–6d, 6g, 6h); 0.01 mm (6e, 6f)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 6a</figureCitation>
) oval, approximately twice as wide as long, with scattered bristles over entire dorsal surface and dense tiny bristles on ventral side. Anterior margin covered by numerous bristles diminishing in length medially. Mandibles (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFC9EEA6462957479" box="[850,984,1551,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1973,1998]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, nymph, 6a. labrum; 6b. maxilla; 6c. left mandible; 6d. right mandible; 6e. left prostheca; 6f. right prostheca; 6g. hypopharyngeal lingua; 6h. labium. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (6a–6d, 6g, 6h); 0.01 mm (6e, 6f)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Figs. 6c, 6d</figureCitation>
) robust, each with outer margin bearing regular row of long filtering setae, lateral end of this row curved toward ventral side of mandible; outer incisor of each mandible triangular, with numerous bristles on ventral side; apex with pair of projections; ventral side of inner incisor with bristles and dorsal side with tiny branched setae; left prostheca (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFC24EA10657A74C5" box="[1000,1079,1659,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1973,1998]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, nymph, 6a. labrum; 6b. maxilla; 6c. left mandible; 6d. right mandible; 6e. left prostheca; 6f. right prostheca; 6g. hypopharyngeal lingua; 6h. labium. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (6a–6d, 6g, 6h); 0.01 mm (6e, 6f)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 6e</figureCitation>
) asymmetrically wider apically, with several pointed teeth and with one bristle-like process at base; length of left prostheca approximately as long as inner incisor; right prostheca (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFE25EAA8637B748D" box="[489,566,1731,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1973,1998]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, nymph, 6a. labrum; 6b. maxilla; 6c. left mandible; 6d. right mandible; 6e. left prostheca; 6f. right prostheca; 6g. hypopharyngeal lingua; 6h. labium. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (6a–6d, 6g, 6h); 0.01 mm (6e, 6f)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 6f</figureCitation>
) notched, triangular, with several pointed teeth, no setae on inner side; length of right prostheca approximately 2/3 as long as inner incisor. Maxillae (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFC75EA8C65467551" box="[953,1035,1767,1794]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1973,1998]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, nymph, 6a. labrum; 6b. maxilla; 6c. left mandible; 6d. right mandible; 6e. left prostheca; 6f. right prostheca; 6g. hypopharyngeal lingua; 6h. labium. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (6a–6d, 6g, 6h); 0.01 mm (6e, 6f)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 6b</figureCitation>
) each with rough oblong shape, approximately 1/3 longer than wide, apical part truncate. Maxillary palps absent. Hypopharynx (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFB77EB6064407575" box="[1211,1293,1803,1830]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1973,1998]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, nymph, 6a. labrum; 6b. maxilla; 6c. left mandible; 6d. right mandible; 6e. left prostheca; 6f. right prostheca; 6g. hypopharyngeal lingua; 6h. labium. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (6a–6d, 6g, 6h); 0.01 mm (6e, 6f)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
Fig. 
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</figureCitation>
) with lingua rounded and wider than long and with shallow emarginate in middle. Labial plate (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFA87A1FFB85EB4465D67519" box="[1097,1179,1839,1866]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1973,1998]" captionTargetBox="[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[199,1388,166,1954]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, nymph, 6a. labrum; 6b. maxilla; 6c. left mandible; 6d. right mandible; 6e. left prostheca; 6f. right prostheca; 6g. hypopharyngeal lingua; 6h. labium. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (6a–6d, 6g, 6h); 0.01 mm (6e, 6f)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543387/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Fig. 6h</figureCitation>
) without small nick at middle of anterior margin. Glossae and paraglossae fused into rounded triangular plate and with two groups of setae on lateral submargin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFA87A18FF0BEBF063A3733B" blockId="3.[151,1437,975,2045]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,1044]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="505" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFA87A1FFF0BEBF0606475E6" bold="true" box="[199,297,1947,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="504">Thorax:</emphasis>
Width of pronotum subequal to width of head in both sexes. Anterior margin of pronotum straight but anterolateral angles round and slightly projected forward. Forewing pads fused to their apices, overlapping most of abdominal segment IV of female and segment V of male. Wing pads dark in all nymph stages. Femora flat and shorter than tibiae. Hind legs larger than forelegs and midlegs. Forefemora (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAF7A18FC38ECF2650872E0" box="[1012,1093,153,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1211,1236]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,196,1130]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,196,1130]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 7. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, 7a. foreleg; 7b. midleg; 7c. hindleg; 7d. female cerci and paracercus; 7e. segment of female cerci; 7f. male cerci and paracercus; 7g. segment of female cerci. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (7a–7c); 0.1 mm (7d, 7f); 0.02 mm (7e, 7g)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543389/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Fig. 7a</figureCitation>
) each with conspicuous transverse row of stout setae. Setae rounded at apex and about 4–5 times longer than wide. Mid- and hind femora (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAF7A18FAA8ECD6619072A8" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1211,1236]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,196,1130]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,196,1130]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 7. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, 7a. foreleg; 7b. midleg; 7c. hindleg; 7d. female cerci and paracercus; 7e. segment of female cerci; 7f. male cerci and paracercus; 7g. segment of female cerci. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (7a–7c); 0.1 mm (7d, 7f); 0.02 mm (7e, 7g)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543389/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Figs. 7b, 7c</figureCitation>
) each with long stout setae at outer margin and short setae at inner margin, surface of mid- and hind femora covered by very small spines. Inner and outer margins of all tibiae with longitudinal row of setae. Tarsal claws hooked, bearing 2 median denticles and one lateral subapical tooth. Length ratio of femur:tibia:tarsus = 1.6:1.7:1 (forelegs); 1.5:1.4:1 (midlegs); and 2: 2:1 (hind legs).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAF7A18FF0BED1B622570D4" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1044]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FF0BED1B600873D8" bold="true" box="[199,325,368,395]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Abdomen not flat, lateral sides on segments II–VII concave, segments VIII–IX cylindrical. Denticles of hind margin of abdominal tergum VII long, either pointed or blunt, or terminated by several points (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAF7A18FA86EDFE64C373FC" box="[1354,1422,405,431]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1049,1074]" captionTargetBox="[152,1434,174,1029]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,174,1030]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 8. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, section of segment VII abdominal terga. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543391/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Gills absent on abdominal segment I; gills present on abdominal segments II–VII. Gills each with dorsal lamella and ventral portion consisting of two branches with numerous lateral filaments. Rudimentary gill on abdominal segment VII bifurcated, Y shaped. Caudal filaments: cerci as long as paracercus. Sexual dimorphism: cerci and paracercus of female simple, but wider and thicker at proximal part of male. Segments of cerci and paracercus (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAF7A18FAC0EE4E64177013" box="[1292,1370,549,576]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1211,1236]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,196,1130]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,196,1130]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 7. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, 7a. foreleg; 7b. midleg; 7c. hindleg; 7d. female cerci and paracercus; 7e. segment of female cerci; 7f. male cerci and paracercus; 7g. segment of female cerci. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (7a–7c); 0.1 mm (7d, 7f); 0.02 mm (7e, 7g)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543389/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
d– 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAF7A18FAB5EE4E64D97013" box="[1401,1428,549,576]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" unit="g" value="7.0">7g</quantity>
) with rounded setae. Posterior margin of caudal filaments with small setae, ratio of maximal length of setae on caudal filaments:segment length in both male and female sexes = 1:2.4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAF7A18FF0BEEFA638570F8" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1044]" box="[199,712,656,683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FF0BEEFA601070F8" bold="true" box="[199,349,656,683]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Male imago:</emphasis>
Body length 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAF7A18FE39EEFB632A70F8" box="[501,615,656,683]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAF7A18FDBAEEFA63F770F8" box="[630,698,657,683]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1964,1989]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1088,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1435,1088,1944]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 9. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, male imago in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543393/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAF7A18FF0BEEDE60547144" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1044]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FF0BEEDE605D709C" bold="true" box="[199,272,693,719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Head:</emphasis>
Head wider than long, dark blackish-brown. Eyes small, stalked. Ratio of distance between compound eyes to eye width = 2.5:1. Pedicel of each antenna much longer than scape, length ratio of flagellum:pedicel:scape = 7.7:2.5:1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAF7A18FF0BEF4A635C7647" blockId="4.[151,1437,153,1044]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FF0BEF4A60647168" bold="true" box="[199,297,801,827]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Thorax:</emphasis>
Pronotum brownish-grey with black markings, narrower than mesonotum. Mesonotum and metanotum brown. Forewings translucent with typical Y-shaped cubital fork (Tricorythid fork). Forewings with dark grey blots in fields C, Sc, R, and near MA1–MA2 fork. Lighter blotches in fields R1 and MP1 (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAF7A18FB4FEF02659871D0" box="[1155,1237,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="9.[151,250,926,951]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,182,895]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,171,904]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 10. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, male forewing. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543395/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Fine hairs cover posterior margin, diminishing distally. Forewing length 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAF7A18FCC3EFE6623B71F4" box="[783,886,909,935]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.97" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="3.97">3.97 mm</quantity>
, width 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAF7A18FC06EFE6657F71F4" box="[970,1074,909,935]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" unit="mm" value="1.83">1.83 mm</quantity>
. Ratio of forewing length:width = 2.2:1. Hind wings absent. Midlegs of male imagoes shorter than fore-and hind legs. Length ratios of femur:tibia: tarsus = 2:1.9:1 (forelegs); 2.8:2.7:1 (midlegs); 3.5:3.3:1 (hind legs). Ratio of femur length:width = 5:1 (forelegs); 5.7:1 (midlegs); 5.9:1 (hind legs).
</paragraph>
<caption id="70F0B0FBFFAF7A18FF5BEB1E636F75A9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543381" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3543381" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543381/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" startId="4.[151,250,1909,1934]" targetBox="[191,1391,1065,1881]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAF7A18FF5BEB1E636F75A9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1909,2042]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FF5BEB1E605E75DD" bold="true" box="[151,275,1909,1934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
A Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction based on sequences of the mitochondrial COI gene. 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAF7A18FA81EB1D601175E1" authorityName="Batucan, Nuneza &amp; Lin" authorityYear="2016" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="buntawensis">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FA81EB1D601175E1" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Sparsorythus buntawensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAF7A18FEA7EBF1630A75E1" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[363,583,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FEA7EBF1630A75E1" box="[363,583,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Sparsorythus gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAF7A18FD9AEBF1621775E1" authorityName="Garces, Bauernfeind &amp; Freitag" authorityYear="2018" box="[598,858,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sescarorum">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FD9AEBF1621775E1" box="[598,858,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Sparsorythus sescarorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAF7A18FC5CEBF165C775E1" box="[912,1162,1946,1970]" class="Insecta" family="Leptohyphidae" genus="Tricorythodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="505" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="explicates">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAF7A18FC5CEBF165C775E1" box="[912,1162,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="505">Tricorythodes explicates</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sequences from GenBank from aligned COI sequence of 452 bp. Nodal support values are bootstrap values (percentage of 1000 replicate). Scale bar indicates 0.05 nucleotide substitutions.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="70F0B0FBFFAE7A19FF5BE824657D7634" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543383" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3543383" box="[151,1072,1103,1128]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543383/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="506" startId="5.[151,250,1103,1128]" targetBox="[192,1394,174,1084]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAE7A19FF5BE824657D7634" blockId="5.[151,1072,1103,1128]" box="[151,1072,1103,1128]" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAE7A19FF5BE824605E763B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1103,1128]" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAE7A19FED5E83B6303763B" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[281,590,1104,1128]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAE7A19FED5E83B6303763B" box="[281,590,1104,1128]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">Sparsorythus multilabeculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male nymph in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="70F0B0FBFFAE7A19FF5BEBBE650975BE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543385" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3543385" box="[151,1092,2005,2030]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543385/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="506" startId="5.[151,250,2005,2030]" targetBox="[151,1436,1142,1986]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAE7A19FF5BEBBE650975BE" blockId="5.[151,1092,2005,2030]" box="[151,1092,2005,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAE7A19FF5BEBBE605E75BD" bold="true" box="[151,275,2005,2030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAE7A19FED5EBBD630375BD" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[281,590,2006,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="506" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAE7A19FED5EBBD630375BD" box="[281,590,2006,2030]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="506">Sparsorythus multilabeculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, female nymph in dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="70F0B0FBFFAD7A1AFF5BEBDE641775A1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3543387" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543387/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" startId="6.[151,250,1973,1998]" targetBox="[199,1388,166,1954]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAD7A1AFF5BEBDE641775A1" blockId="6.[151,1436,1973,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFF5BEBDE605F759D" bold="true" box="[151,274,1973,1998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAD7A1AFEDBEBDD6301759D" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[279,588,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="507" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFEDBEBDD6301759D" box="[279,588,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">Sparsorythus multilabeculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nymph, 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFD65EBDE6384759D" bold="true" box="[681,713,1973,1998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">6a.</emphasis>
labrum; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFCEFEBDE6209759D" bold="true" box="[803,836,1973,1998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">6b.</emphasis>
maxilla; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFC6DEBDE62F4759D" bold="true" box="[929,953,1973,1998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">6c</emphasis>
. left mandible; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFB9BEBDE6535759D" bold="true" box="[1111,1144,1973,1998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">6d.</emphasis>
right mandible; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFAD1EBDE6471759D" bold="true" box="[1309,1340,1973,1998]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">6e.</emphasis>
left prostheca; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFF16EBB261A275A1" bold="true" box="[218,239,2009,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">6f</emphasis>
. right prostheca; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFE6CEBB2608D75A1" bold="true" box="[416,448,2009,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">6g.</emphasis>
hypopharyngeal lingua; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAD7A1AFD71EBB2639375A1" bold="true" box="[701,734,2009,2034]" pageId="6" pageNumber="507">6h.</emphasis>
labium. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (6a–6d, 6g, 6h); 0.01 mm (6e, 6f).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="70F0B0FBFFAC7A1BFF5BE8D06057774F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3543389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543389/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" startId="7.[151,250,1211,1236]" targetBox="[151,1436,196,1130]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAC7A1BFF5BE8D06057774F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1211,1308]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFF5BE8D0605E7687" bold="true" box="[151,275,1211,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E38F9BF0FFAC7A1BFED6E8D763027687" authorityName="Sroka &amp; Soldan" authorityYear="2008" box="[282,591,1212,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Tricorythidae" genus="Sparsorythus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multilabeculatus">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFED6E8D763027687" box="[282,591,1212,1236]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Sparsorythus multilabeculatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFD90E8D763317687" bold="true" box="[604,636,1212,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">7a.</emphasis>
foreleg; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFD14E8D763B47687" bold="true" box="[728,761,1212,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">7b.</emphasis>
midleg; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFC98E8D762217687" bold="true" box="[852,876,1212,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">7c</emphasis>
. hindleg; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFC1EE8D762B97687" bold="true" box="[978,1012,1212,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">7d.</emphasis>
female cerci and paracercus; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFAEFE8D7640C7687" bold="true" box="[1315,1345,1212,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">7e.</emphasis>
segment of female cerci; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFEF2E8B4601476AB" bold="true" box="[318,345,1247,1272]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">7f.</emphasis>
male cerci and paracercus; 
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFDB9E88B63D876AB" bold="true" box="[629,661,1248,1272]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">7g.</emphasis>
segment of female cerci. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (7a–7c); 0.1 mm (7d, 7f); 0.02 mm (7e, 7g).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAC7A1BFF0BE92265A4744B" blockId="7.[151,1436,1353,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFF0BE92260087737" bold="true" box="[199,325,1353,1380]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Abdominal shape of male more slender than that of female, with small, dark greyish, spot on tergum IX. Subgenital plate not divided. Penis (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAC7A1BFD57E90563A677DB" box="[667,747,1390,1416]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="9.[151,250,2005,2030]" captionTargetBox="[152,1341,964,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1341,963,1982]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 11. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, male genitalia. Scale bar: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543399" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543399/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
) completely fused, forming rod-like structure and apex with apparent medial nick. Forceps two-segmented, basal segment shorter than distal segment. Distal segment of forceps bearing rows of numerous attached structures along inner side. Penis reaching to approximately 1/3 length of second forceps segment. Subgenital plate near penis base with small thorn-like structure. Cerci glabrous, paracercus sparsely covered with fine setae, paracercus longer than cerci, cerci approximately 
<date id="5031C6B3FFAC7A1BFBF6E995651B744B" box="[1082,1110,1534,1560]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">4x</date>
body length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAC7A1BFF0BEA49626D746F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1353,1993]" box="[199,800,1569,1597]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFF0BEA4960EF746F" bold="true" box="[199,418,1569,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Female subimago:</emphasis>
Body length is 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAC7A1BFD9FEA4963FD746E" box="[595,688,1570,1597]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAC7A1BFD73EA49625F746F" box="[703,786,1570,1596]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1033,1058]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,174,1013]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[164,1423,174,1013]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 12. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, female subimago in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543401" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543401/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAC7A1BFF0BEA2D60F574D7" blockId="7.[151,1436,1353,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFF0BEA2D605D7433" bold="true" box="[199,272,1606,1632]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Head:</emphasis>
Head dark blackish-brown, wider than long. Eyes small, stalked. Ratio of distance between compound eyes to eye width = 4.1:1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAC7A1BFF0BEAE5656E750F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1353,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFF0BEAE5609B74FB" bold="true" box="[199,470,1678,1704]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Thorax and abdomen:</emphasis>
Prothorax and legs brownish-grey with black markings, cerci light grey. Venation of forewings dark in basal area, more than half of each wing dark, distal portion translucent (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAC7A1BFBB2EAD9659C749F" box="[1150,1233,1714,1740]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1755,1780]" captionTargetBox="[189,1396,1082,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[179,1409,1072,1736]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 13. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, female subimago forewing. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543403" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543403/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
). Forewing length 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAC7A1BFF5BEABE61B074A2" box="[151,253,1749,1777]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.67" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="5.67">5.67 mm</quantity>
, width 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAC7A1BFE83EABD60FB74A2" box="[335,438,1750,1777]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.33" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="2.33">2.33 mm</quantity>
. Ratio of forewing length:width = 2.4:1. Length ratio femur:tibia:tarsus = 2.5:3.1:1 (forelegs), 2.6:2.6:1 (midlegs), 3.3:3.4:1 (hind legs). Ratio of femur length:width = 2.9:1 (forelegs), 3.7:1 (midlegs), 4.3:1 (hind legs). Abdomen dark greyish brown, containing 300– 
<specimenCount id="32892BFAFFAC7A1BFCBFEB756295756A" box="[883,984,1822,1849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" type="egg">700 eggs</specimenCount>
(n = 10). Cerci and paracercus approximately half of body length, covered with fine setae. Paracercus longer than cerci.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2430E073FFAC7A1BFF0BEB0D6353759A" blockId="7.[151,1436,1353,1993]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">
<emphasis id="16FB3C61FFAC7A1BFF0BEB0D61B275D3" bold="true" box="[199,255,1894,1920]" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Egg:</emphasis>
Oval, longer than wide, mean size 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAC7A1BFD41EB0E63B775D2" box="[653,762,1893,1921]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7559999999999998" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="175.6">175.6 µm</quantity>
long and 
<quantity id="E3774D96FFAC7A1BFCA6EB0D629B75D2" box="[874,982,1894,1921]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.099" pageId="7" pageNumber="508" unit="mm" value="109.9">109.9 µm</quantity>
wide (n = 10). Egg pale yellowish, with polar cap of same colour. Polar cap rounded at apex and covering about 1/4 of egg length (
<figureCitation id="BCB4FCF6FFAC7A1BFB66EBE165B275F7" box="[1194,1279,1930,1956]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="11.[151,250,2010,2035]" captionTargetBox="[195,1392,1093,1990]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[195,1392,1093,1990]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 14. Sparsorythus multilabeculatus, female subimago entire egg. Scale bar: 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3543405" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3543405/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="508">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Egg surface covered with hexagonal structures.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>