198 lines
21 KiB
XML
198 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="74F7CA6D42DAAE8C3EE178E1CC5DA382" ID-CLB-Dataset="26697" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.19995" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7db43535-0c9b-4b00-96e8-62725a0f66d9" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1937-2426-2-161" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1937-2426-2-161" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Orthoptera Research 26 (2)" ModsDocTitle="Redescription and diagnosis of the African genus Gemeneta Karsch, 1892 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae)" checkinTime="1558621703142" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ngoute, Charly Oumarou & Kekeunou, Sevilor" docDate="2017" docId="15E3A9A48E6D11BA0554D66317AB70B8" docLanguage="en" docName="JourOrthoptRes 26(2): 161-170" docOrigin="Journal of Orthoptera Research 26 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.19995" docTitle="Gemeneta opilionoides I. Bolivar 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="164" masterDocId="FFBFFFBC075FA62AFFA8FF9BFFE7BD51" masterDocTitle="Redescription and diagnosis of the African genus Gemeneta Karsch, 1892 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae)" masterLastPageNumber="170" masterPageNumber="161" pageNumber="162" updateTime="1732833859645" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="E533BE1DCE1A7E403CE6D7BFEE2CEAA9">Redescription and diagnosis of the African genus Gemeneta Karsch, 1892 (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Catantopinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E94968D7EF993338D0552E10EE1F6AA2">Ngoute, Charly Oumarou</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="836B54232A3C8B922E726B794F4BAA5B">Kekeunou, Sevilor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="13F7933CA5A6A89DD5BCBCFAAA08FB21">Journal of Orthoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6EBF5CB4A9C8F8CE8D214D28CEC194DB">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5F479417EBCB8B6C653A59D19F66AB5E">26</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="16B7023418CFFBAC4D718F0F7BA2114C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1A91103EF4650D8F0FD1ABBB0234295E" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jor.26.19995</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B734137512F2BF9EBF3BB9F2C88D318A" type="Pensoft-Pub">1937-2426-2-161</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="15E3A9A48E6D11BA0554D66317AB70B8" ID-GBIF-Taxon="157251680" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:15E3A9A48E6D11BA0554D66317AB70B8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/15E3A9A48E6D11BA0554D66317AB70B8" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" scope_family="Acrididae" scope_order="Orthoptera" scope_subFamily="Catantopinae">
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<subSubSection id="2E099419B126AA773A36A0B7DD74B9B0" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4FB61CA0D061E5761F1303AFBB196452" pageId="1" pageNumber="162">
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<taxonomicName id="5C41F42BC64936CD94BF962EDD2C53F4" ID-CoL="3FK74" authority="I. Bolivar, 1905" authorityName="I. Bolivar" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Gemeneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gemeneta opilionoides" order="Orthoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opilionoides">
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Gemeneta opilionoides (I.
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<normalizedToken id="CD41418CC53EC73F40A32D2666FBB8CE" originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
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, 1905)
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</taxonomicName>
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Tables 1, 2; Figs 4-8
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="91263FDFAEAC497F8B992798A4697DDC" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8EF275F8AD4C2861FBB155082517D7BB" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="4EE7A794C9CA5375EBD9DF355A518C02" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Escalera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Escalera opilionoides" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opilionoides">
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<pageBreakToken id="D77BB8E355C96752B65103D99572D6D1" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" start="start">Escalera</pageBreakToken>
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opilionoides
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</taxonomicName>
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=
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<normalizedToken id="E81D7A95B177CCC7CDDC6BBD42E17B74" originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
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, 1905 (syn.
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<bibRefCitation id="345F4035E111ECD4EF95277D725427ED" author="Dirsh, VM" journalOrPublisher="Eos" pageId="4" pageNumber="165" pagination="25 - 32" title="Synonymic and taxonomic notes on Acridoidea (Orthoptera). Revista Espanola de Entomologia." volume="34" year="1958">Dirsh 1958</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F155FDF2D36455E860BAD67F1DA31F54" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="2E2AE4B9DD3E062C01FFBBCE4785D8C0" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Gemeneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gemeneta rostrotuberculata" order="Orthoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrotuberculata">Gemeneta rostrotuberculata</taxonomicName>
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= Kevan, 1956 (syn.
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<bibRefCitation id="7E0E9C4F636FF523F61F516C4F360EA3" author="Dirsh, VM" journalOrPublisher="Eos" pageId="4" pageNumber="165" pagination="25 - 32" title="Synonymic and taxonomic notes on Acridoidea (Orthoptera). Revista Espanola de Entomologia." volume="34" year="1958">Dirsh 1958</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B8858A7DA8BA51ACC630B5C564A5EDFC" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="holotype">
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<paragraph id="F5FF2F8EEA7390C7D0070E6E27AE8413" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Holotype.-</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="569ABD567FC136758B957DEB858D156C" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="07B1E7232727F1D628FE5523D772DB36" lsidName="E. opilionoides" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="opilionoides">E. opilionoides</taxonomicName>
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: Africa, West-Central Tropical Africa, Equatorial Guinea, Cabo San Juan, Biafra; 1 ♀; MNCN Madrid Mus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2FF6BFDB04DEE8708831204D0F73CAF5" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="recorded localities">
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<paragraph id="9FD2BB4D1995F7792808E00BC8FA00EF" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Recorded localities.-</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7CE4D8F7E253340822E7FC3861BF2DA2" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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Biafra, Equatorial Guinea (1°18'284"N, 9°36'336"E) By
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<bibRefCitation id="D8D9A37FE1703C3150D7F999CFBD89D7" author="Bolivar, I" journalOrPublisher="Memorias de Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" pagination="209 - 240" title="Orthopteros Acridioideos de la Guinea Espanola." volume="1" year="1905">
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<normalizedToken id="54D12D62AE157F01B1D940C6053BB6F2" originalValue="Bolívar">Bolivar</normalizedToken>
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1905
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</bibRefCitation>
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; Makak, Cameroon (3°43'333"N, 12°78'333"E) by
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<bibRefCitation id="489D52689F5C5ECDF2DC4A5BE71AFC67" author="Kevan, DKM" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de l'Institut Francaise d'Afrique Noir" pageId="4" pageNumber="165" pagination="960 - 77" title="Result from the Danish expedition to the French Cameroon 1949 - 50. XV. Orthoptera: Acrididae." volume="18" year="1956">Kevan 1956</bibRefCitation>
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; former holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="1AF353E1C697CDCB3B03FFD09734D02E" lsidName="G. rostrotuberculata" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="rostrotuberculata">G. rostrotuberculata</taxonomicName>
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, ZMUC Copenhagen; Ngutadjap, Cameroon (
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<geoCoordinate id="BCEFD9C7CA9551CEA5274E7598B81C2A" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="2.7">2°42'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7517CEB3C296A5B27C9EC54C18E98EA5" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="11.05">11°03'E</geoCoordinate>
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) by Oumarou Ngoute (Fig. 1).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D588773F2838A37543D6BB69CCDF0216" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="7AF2B75D2DA106C1D8B5B6889EE0FD51" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Material examined.-</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A748C7DAEA59C36B4B4F54E97A13B5B5" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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Cameroon, Ngutadjap forests, 1 ♂, 1♀, in the Laboratory of Zoology, University of
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<normalizedToken id="08820FB5EE89A7E60A6909A32E3FEC4F" originalValue="Yaoundé">Yaounde</normalizedToken>
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1, Cameroon.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E2BD480B2952B10A97C9D8EB6DACDF08" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="12E6B072E5BAF24A45B39636DE03CC2A" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Diagnosis.-</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="403942A7080C42F5E10042B172C3E4C6" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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The species differs from
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<taxonomicName id="F7BE129ECE982096E1B3B7512B0C3420" lsidName="G. terrea" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="terrea">G. terrea</taxonomicName>
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in having the integument strongly granulated and tuberculate, body greenish mottled with dark brown; median inner area of hind femur greenish, fastigium of vertex without apical furrow, cercus almost as long as the paraproct in female, ventral aedeagal valves dorsally flattened and curved outwards, lophi lobiform but wide.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6FAE6BB0BA089A3519FCAD4F81A179D1" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="2" pageNumber="163" type="description">
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<paragraph id="187E3BF1A52C5850997ECF67C659A281" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">Description.-</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="78D9B83895D5A9A4F31D3A1F2154D726" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="2" pageNumber="163">
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Body slightly elongated, 5 to 6 times the length of the pronotum; integument granulated and strongly tuberculate in pronotum. Head strongly conical, the maximum width of head across the eyes almost as long as the pronotum; fastigium about
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<pageBreakToken id="7E35357C57CC21B635BAA5E4C88A517B" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" start="start">1</pageBreakToken>
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/2 the length of the pronotum and nearly 2 times longer than the fastigium of
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<taxonomicName id="402F6514CD14DE5931AC72FAA0FDD888" lsidName="G. terrea" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="terrea">G. terrea</taxonomicName>
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(Table 1: FL); width of fastigium about 1/3 to 1/2 the length of pronotum; fastigium projected forward, flat, horizontal, narrowing toward apex and fusing with the frontal ridge to form a rostrum; frons strongly concave below rostrum; frontal ridge weak, and obsolete below the medial ocellus; eyes globular, slightly longer than wide; antenna fine, filiform, but slightly expanded at the base; antenna longer than the head and pronotum together. Pronotum cylindrical, tuberculate, lateral and median carinae absent; disc of pronotum crossed by three sulci, (2 to 4) (sulcus 1 obsolete on the disc and visible only on the lobes); sulci 3 and 4 deep and extend almost to the ventral margin of the lobes; anterior and posterior margins of pronotum straight but emarginated in the midline; prosternal spine vertical, conical, with acute apex; mesosternal interspace almost as long as wide; mesosternal lobes rounded; tympanum oval, slightly longer than wide. Hind femur 5 to 6 times longer than wide, 3 to 4 times longer than the foot and 1.5 times longer than the hind femur of
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<taxonomicName id="25102FAD8D9F98C928EB2111E24A06EB" lsidName="G. terrea" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="terrea">G. terrea</taxonomicName>
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(Table 1: F); upper internal and external genicular lobes rounded, lower internal and external lobes pointed with a rounded apex; posterior tibia almost as long as the femur; the third segment of foot longer than the first, and the first longer than the second (Table 1: Ta1, Ta2, Ta3). Epiproct triangular with deep transverse furrow and rounded apex; valves of ovipositor long, straight, with slightly curved apices; cercus conical, almost as long as the paraproct in female and exceeding paraproct in the male; male subgenital plate conical. The male phallic complex of the
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<taxonomicName id="A5AA2187909C9D1010B4B48545E18340" lsidName="G. opilionoides" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="opilionoides">G. opilionoides</taxonomicName>
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is in general very similar to that of
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<taxonomicName id="FD3A07AC4FE57C1127DF006258855435" lsidName="G. terrea" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="terrea">G. terrea</taxonomicName>
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, and the differences are very small, especially the tips of the ventral aedeagal valves in endophallus are dorsally flattened and curved outwards; the lophi of epiphallus lobiform but much wider than those of
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<taxonomicName id="4AF8571EC15984A2673AE99BF03AFEE3" lsidName="G. terrea" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="terrea">G. terrea</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="397D7DBF902645731CB3C36E08478E1D" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" type="coloration">
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<paragraph id="AAD47A53F41889A4A972F9F9943D8C48" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Coloration.-</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F2C5CA607A6A1997AB9D222B82EDB73A" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">Body greenish with brown color in some parts; vertex, frons and genae green mottled brown; antennae brown basally, blackening distally. Pronotum greenish brown with discontinuous brown bands on the lateral lobes in life; knee light brown; median inner and external areas of femur light green, lower inner and external areas greenish; upper inner and external areas greenish but mottled brown; posterior tibia greenish; tarsus red-brown. Abdomen greenish with discontinuous brown bands in the lateral parts, most pronounced behind the hind femur; external genitalia green-yellowish.</paragraph>
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<caption id="0D2A42669A6D5D773C19ED7D9804C2B0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
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<paragraph id="8DDD903A8F146C522C28F4EF3F9584E8" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
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Fig. 4.
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<taxonomicName id="3DDE821DB6B2F45B9C0E1731C4F01C89" lsidName="G. opilionoides" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="opilionoides">G. opilionoides</taxonomicName>
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, female from Ngutadjap, Cameroon (
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<geoCoordinate id="78F129E5D2A0F7B985C0B432C753FD91" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="2.7">2°42'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="92F7A86227761C50A627C3EF1FEE1A17" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="11.05">11°03'E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="16D0611FA0B91F9E18DDA754C4D7A52D" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
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<paragraph id="6744A24D43206570B426D8404943BA7F" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
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Fig. 5.
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<taxonomicName id="3B233A5D69640F623B9CA4AC0C21BDC5" lsidName="G. opilionoides" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="opilionoides">G. opilionoides</taxonomicName>
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, male from Ngutadjap, Cameroon (
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<geoCoordinate id="45E4DB2721F6745D2CA2A8FFFB84115B" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="2.7">2°42'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C7D02C198786240B174EAD0980BAC671" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="11.05">11°03'E</geoCoordinate>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="31F7FF6C56B964D85D82CF259F8041F0" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
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<paragraph id="C581D8F93A82087FEA3E30E9E284DA5A" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
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Fig. 6. External diagnostic characters of
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<taxonomicName id="7904BB7A0388636A5D458B4F744E1D11" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Gemeneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gemeneta" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gemeneta</taxonomicName>
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spp. A, B. Fastigium of vertex;
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<normalizedToken id="E8718C5F9AD610EBCF5195F98387DA2F" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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||
. Pronotum lateral view;
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<normalizedToken id="105096B7AC979D25A629FB29480B6B71" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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||
. External genitalia female; A, C, E.
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<taxonomicName id="21E1CEAEFAB840372A1B2A50F33D7D3E" lsidName="G. terrea" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="terrea">G. terrea</taxonomicName>
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and B, D, F.
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<taxonomicName id="D833962EBBCBE8176215472DA798003E" lsidName="G. opilionoides" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="opilionoides">G. opilionoides</taxonomicName>
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. Scale bars = 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="C7797C936B58B2641A757EAEF02FF2F8" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
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<paragraph id="2C1C5B9A412C7D762760B52D10646D8B" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
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Fig. 7. Ectophallus and endophallus of
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<taxonomicName id="71661D4BDA0B3F66C7FF358FC4533FD5" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Gemeneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gemeneta" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gemeneta</taxonomicName>
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spp. A, B. Entire phallic complex without epiphallus in lateral view; C, D. Entire phallic complex without epiphallus in dorsal view; E, F. Endophallus in ventral view; G, H. Endophallus in lateral view; I, J. Endophallus in dorsal view; A, C, E, G, I.
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<taxonomicName id="039DF73E26667FF833158631DCB476BF" lsidName="G. terrea" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="terrea">G. terrea</taxonomicName>
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and B, D, F, H, J.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BA3A44BAF4FC5F975FED000DDE9717BA" lsidName="G. opilionoides" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="opilionoides">G. opilionoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Apodemes of cingulum (Apd): pair of ectophallic sclerotized structures situated dorsally to endophallus; Valves of cingulum (Cv): pair of valves projecting from the posterior end of the cingulum from the arch of cingulum; they form the upper valves of the aedeagus; Ectophallic sheath (Es): the membrane part of ectophallus covering the ventral aedeagal valves and valves of cingulum, often partially sclerotized; Gonopore processes (Gpr): pair of ventral processes from the aedeagal valves, functioning as a pinch valve between the ejaculatory and spermatophore sacs; Ventral aedeagal valves (Vv): endophallic valves, divided in two parts; Zygoma (Zyg): transverse dorsal part of cingulum, connecting the apodemes. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DAAD303B2F3275B481235827650DB419" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
|
||
<paragraph id="2CA5FD6B981B967164DE1BB858A5B7F8" pageId="3" pageNumber="164">
|
||
Fig. 8. Ectophallus, epiphallus, spermatheca and subgenital plate of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="50E50A67CD48CABCFEAAF2C9EED27306" class="Insecta" family="Acrididae" genus="Gemeneta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gemeneta" order="Orthoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gemeneta</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp. A, B. Ectophallus in ventral view; C, D. Epiphallus in axial view; E, F: Epiphallus in lateral view; G, H. Epiphallus in dorsal view; I. Spermatheca in dorsal view; J. Subgenital plate in lateral view; K. Subgenital plate in dorsal view; A, C, E, G, I, J, K.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7860C49B26762E4AC55C801B4DAB5E14" lsidName="G. terrea" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="terrea">G. terrea</taxonomicName>
|
||
and B, D, F, H.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81421DECD62FAA2809A866AADC472128" lsidName="G. opilionoides" pageId="3" pageNumber="164" rank="species" species="opilionoides">G. opilionoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Ancorae (A): a pair of processes or projections from the anterior margin or the dorsal surface of the epiphallus; Bridge (B): transverse part of epiphallus connecting the lateral parts; Lophi (L): lobiform processes near the posterior margin of the epiphallus; Columella (C): columnar structures on either side of the egg-guide in the subgenital plate; Egg-guide (Eg): median, dorsally produced part of the posterior edge in the subgenital plate; Floor pouches (Fp): pair of short anterior invaginations in the floor of the subgenital plate; Preapical appendix (Pa): preapical dilatation of the spermathecal duct; Posterior edge (Pe): pair of short posterior invaginations of the border that meets the floor in the subgenital plate. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |