148 lines
16 KiB
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148 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0e5e47a0-f8f3-4039-b0e1-c159fef0b9f6" ID-PMC="PMC4714384" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-544-1" ID-PubMed="26798289" ID-ZBK="C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-544-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 544" ModsDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" checkinTime="1451243640953" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2015" docId="ADA177B06916054F54B8FB1878AA6C3A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 544: 1-407" docOrigin="ZooKeys 544" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074" docTitle="Mecyclothorax scaritoides" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="188" masterDocId="FF92FFC2FF9FFFC7191EFFB8FF91AF5D" masterDocTitle="The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation" masterLastPageNumber="407" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="187" updateTime="1668162300918" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Mecyclothorax beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Moriomorphini) of Haleakala-, Maui: Keystone of a hyperdiverse Hawaiian radiation</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>544</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>407</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.544.6074</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-544-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C5978BD0145B40F8ACDEB27371B7B9A4</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127853573" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ADA177B06916054F54B8FB1878AA6C3A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ADA177B06916054F54B8FB1878AA6C3A" lastPageId="188" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
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<subSubSection pageId="186" pageNumber="187" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="186" pageNumber="187" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
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(078)
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<taxonomicName authority="Blackburn" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Mecyclothorax scaritoides (Blackburn)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 95C, 96C, 97B, 98B, 99
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="186" pageNumber="187" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Cyclothorax scaritoides</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Blackburn, T" journalOrPublisher="The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine" pageId="307" pageNumber="308" pagination="156 - 158" title="Characters of new genera and descriptions of new species of Geodephaga from the Hawaiian Islands." volume="15" year="1878 b">Blackburn 1878b</bibRefCitation>
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: 156;
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<bibRefCitation author="Blackburn, T" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs on the Coleoptera of the Hawaiian Islands (Ser 2)" pageId="307" pageNumber="308" pagination="119 - 290" volume="3" year="1885">Blackburn and Sharp 1885</bibRefCitation>
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: 215.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Metrothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Metrothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Metrothorax scaritoides</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Sharp, D" editor="Sharp, D" journalOrPublisher="The University Press, Cambridge" pageId="310" pageNumber="311" pagination="175 - 292" title="Coleoptera II. Caraboidea." volumeTitle="Fauna Hawaiiensis" year="1903">Sharp 1903</bibRefCitation>
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: 272.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Mecyclothorax scaritoides</taxonomicName>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Britton, EB" journalOrPublisher="Bishop Museum" pageId="307" pageNumber="308" pagination="107 - 166" title="A revision of the Hawaiian species of Mecyclothorax (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Occasional Papers of the Bernice P." volume="19" year="1948 b">Britton 1948b</bibRefCitation>
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: 120.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acupalpus biseriatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriatus">Acupalpus biseriatus</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Karsch, F" journalOrPublisher="Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="308" pageNumber="309" pagination="1 - 14" title="Zur Kaeferfauna der Sandwich-, Marshall-, und Gilberts-Inseln." volume="25" year="1881">Karsch 1881</bibRefCitation>
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: 2 (new synonymy).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="187" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="186" pageNumber="187">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="187" lastPageNumber="188" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
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This species (Fig. 95C) shares a glabrous pronotum with three other members of the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Mecyclothorax scaritoides</taxonomicName>
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group:
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax molops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="molops">Mecyclothorax molops</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 95A),
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax macrops" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macrops">Mecyclothorax macrops</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 95B), and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scarites" order="Coleoptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scarites">Mecyclothorax scarites</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 95D). Among them this species deviates by exhibiting two supraorbital setae; setal formula 2 0 2 0. The discal elytral striae are more distinctly punctate in this species, with both the sutural stria and parascutellar striole punctate-in some
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<pageBreakToken pageId="187" pageNumber="188" start="start">instances</pageBreakToken>
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very indistinctly so-to the elytral basal groove. In beetles of the most similar species,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scarites" order="Coleoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scarites">Mecyclothorax scarites</taxonomicName>
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, the sutural stria is continued to the basal groove, but it is smooth, and the parascutellar striole is little impressed with the punctures taking the form of elongate irregularities. The elytra are also more broadly subellipsoid in this species, with the tightly rounded to subangulate humeri more proximate; MEW/HuW = 2.04-2.15 versus values of 1.93-2.0 for specimens of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scarites" order="Coleoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scarites">Mecyclothorax scarites</taxonomicName>
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. Standardized body length 5.0-5.8 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="187" pageNumber="188" type="identification">
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<paragraph pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Identification</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
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(n = 5). The eyes are convex and large, ocular ratio = 1.50-1.53, ocular lobe ratio = 0.81-0.85. The pronotum is moderately transverse, MPW/PL = 1.16-1.25, with basally sinuate lateral margin, the hind angle obtuse with apex pointed. The pronotal median base is coplanar with the disc medially, depressed laterally, with ~20 small, isolated punctures each side. The median longitudinal impression is very shallow, traceable to obsolete, and the anterior transverse impression is broad and shallow medially, narrow and finely incised laterally. Microsculpture in this species deviates from other similar species in that the elytral disc is covered with a distinct isodiametric mesh that incorporates transverse sculpticells, breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length, and the elytral apex is covered with an isodiametric mesh in transverse rows. Microsculpture otherwise present includes: 1, vertex with obsolete transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 2
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length; 2, pronotal disc with obsolete transverse mesh, sculpticell breadth 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="–4×">-4x</normalizedToken>
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length, most parts of cuticle glossy; 3, pronotal median base glossy, with indistinct transverse cells laterally; and 4, metasternum with obsolete transverse mesh, surface glossy.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
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Male genitalia (n = 1). Aedeagal median lobe gracile, distance from parameral articulation to tip 4.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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depth at midlength (Fig. 96C); apex broadly expanded on dorsal surface, slightly expanded ventrally, tip broadly rounded; internal sac appearing unornamented (uneverted specimen); flagellar plate moderately long, length 0.42
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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parameral articulation-tip distance (estimated from shadow of sclerotized plate, Fig. 96C).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
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Female reproductive tract (n = 1). Bursa copulatrix columnar with narrower apex, broader base, length 0.68 mm, apical breadth 0.15 mm, basal breadth 0.38 mm (Fig. 97B); bursal walls translucent, thinly wrinkled; gonocoxite 1 with 4-5 apical fringe setae with the medial seta smaller (Fig. 98B), a thick, curved seta at medioapical angle and 5-6 smaller setae along medial surface; gonocoxite 2 falcate with acuminate tip, base broadly extended laterally with curved terminus, 2 broad lateral ensiform setae, apical nematiform setae on medioventral surface at 0.76
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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gonocoxite length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="187" pageNumber="188" type="lectotypes">
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<paragraph pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Lectotypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
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For
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Cyclothorax scaritoides</taxonomicName>
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, female (BMNH) hereby designated, labeled: mounting platen with Blackburn Maui label (
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<bibRefCitation author="Zimmerman, EC" journalOrPublisher="University of Hawai'i Press, Honolulu" pageId="310" pageNumber="311" title="Ephemeroptera-Neuroptera-Trichoptera and Supplement to Volumes 1 to 5." volumeTitle="Insects of Hawai'i" year="1957">Zimmerman 1957</bibRefCitation>
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: 210), scaritoid (on reverse) // Type // Hawaiian Is. Rev. T. Blackburn 1888-30. // LECTOTYPE
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Cyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyclothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Cyclothorax scaritoides</taxonomicName>
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Blackburn J.K. Liebherr 1998 (black-margined red label). For
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acupalpus biseriatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriatus">Acupalpus biseriatus</taxonomicName>
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, female (MNHU) hereby designated, labeled: LECTOTYPE
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acupalpus biseriatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriatus">Acupalpus biseriatus</taxonomicName>
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Karsch det. J.K. Liebherr 2000 (black-margined red label) //
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Mecyclothorax scaritoides</taxonomicName>
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(Sharp) det. J.K. Liebherr 2000.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="188" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" type="distribution and habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="187" pageNumber="188">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="188" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scaritoides" order="Coleoptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scaritoides">Mecyclothorax scaritoides</taxonomicName>
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was historically distributed along the leeward edge of the Waikamoi forest (Fig. 99). During the 1870s, Blackburn (BMNH) and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="188" pageNumber="189" start="start">Finsch</pageBreakToken>
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(MNHU) collected specimens at elevations from 1085-1210 m near Olinda. By the time Perkins arrived in 1894, his collections were restricted to elevations of 1210-1525 m in the vicinity of Ukulele Camp. Perkins collected 187 specimens from 1894 to 1902, and nobody has seen this species in nature since. However, a closely related species,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Mecyclothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mecyclothorax scarites" order="Coleoptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scarites">Mecyclothorax scarites</taxonomicName>
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(see below) was collected in the vicinity of Olinda from 1926-1935.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |