368 lines
34 KiB
XML
368 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="411A603983C29AD7E4D5BF5383BA9D53" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4225.1.1" ID-CLB-Dataset="37263" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.259087" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05be601b-f9f1-4952-ac09-7012ef31aab0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="259087" ID-ZooBank="4676EE59-569B-4197-B108-9B32FD88E68E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1485243787505" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Skartveit, John & Nel, André" docDate="2017" docId="03A9879CFFE1F41D45D332C979453B8A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4225.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4225 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Penthetria nervisinuata Theobald 1937, comb.n." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="FF90FFE4FFFEF43C4544344E7D193E27" masterDocTitle="Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits" masterLastPageNumber="83" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1698436270113" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="AEBD59CFA150469FC0984B420D595354" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CF78E76D53CEC12327859929AF7E1C66">
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<mods:title id="D4A9374E75D98881CE42E43375200DFC">Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="909F324AEC18D3ECF79A33C9F4B0A385" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BCB1E37F9CCB5668A2D37FB61CAD0E1F">Skartveit, John</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="62FB663BEF2DA9EA3F0C86F58242F0C0" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="3D14773D4D0C87B97E8CFDED3FE20E10">Nel, André</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C09460B778DB6CD17BE590F5B8EAA133">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6753E3A775623C09A8D8B836AF675362">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="776B65650D204922ACE4F6C83289203E">
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<mods:date id="BDC806F4057EEA584061909B453F68F3">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="93FD757BF9A1C7D5E1EB4BE91B46367B">4225</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1593638C90750CA783E828396E54A2BC">1</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D0CAEA914234E1B7B122CE1CA20E9CED" type="CLB-Dataset">37263</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0B92549AA5EC2EF91D943EB9A98CD228" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.259087</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A9879CFFE1F41D45D332C979453B8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6039611" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127624353" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6039611" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A9879CFFE1F41D45D332C979453B8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A9879CFFE1F41D45D332C979453B8A" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFE1F42345D332C97C9638E5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFE1F42345D332C97FE03886" blockId="31.[151,761,1671,1731]" box="[151,761,1671,1697]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<heading id="D0F781E6FFE1F42345D332C97FE03886" bold="true" box="[151,761,1671,1697]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F42345D332C97FE03886" bold="true" box="[151,761,1671,1697]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFE1F42345D332C97F963886" ID-CoL="8D8LT" authority="Theobald, 1937" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,655,1671,1697]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nervisinuata" status="comb. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F42345D332C97CAD3886" bold="true" box="[151,436,1671,1697]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Penthetria nervisinuata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFE1F423448032C97F9E3886" author="Theobald" box="[452,647,1671,1697]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Theobald, N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocenes de France. Bulletin mensuel (Memoires) de la Societe des Sciences de Nancy 1, 1 - 473." type="journal article" year="1937">Théobald, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757E3FFE1F42347D232C97FE03886" box="[662,761,1671,1697]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">comb.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFE1F42345D332E47C9638E5" blockId="31.[151,761,1671,1731]" box="[151,399,1706,1731]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFE1F42345DB32E47DE338E4" box="[159,250,1706,1731]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[230,1362,203,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[215,1372,193,1796]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 16. Penthetria nervisinuata, female. Holotype of Plecia nervisinuata Théobald, FSL 391925. FIGURE 17. Penthetria nervisinuata, female. ETHZ, labeled 164." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259090/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F42345BE32E57C1138E5" box="[250,264,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">–</emphasis>
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17, 98
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F423440A32E57C4538E5" box="[334,348,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">–</emphasis>
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102)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFE1F42345D332BC7FA83990" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFE1F42345D332BC7F37392F" blockId="31.[151,1272,1778,1831]" box="[151,558,1778,1800]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1011A4FFE1F42345D332BC7F37392F" box="[151,558,1778,1800]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFE1F42345D332BC7F37392F" ID-CoL="8DFGX" authority="Theobald 1937: 407" authorityName="Theobald" authorityPageNumber="407" authorityYear="1937" box="[151,558,1778,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nervisinuata">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F42345D332BC7C44392F" box="[151,349,1778,1800]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Plecia nervisinuata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA1109BFFE1F423442632BC7F37392F" author="Theobald" box="[354,558,1778,1800]" page="407" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1937">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFE1F423442632BC7CE7392F" author="Theobald" box="[354,510,1778,1800]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Theobald, N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocenes de France. Bulletin mensuel (Memoires) de la Societe des Sciences de Nancy 1, 1 - 473." type="journal article" year="1937">Théobald 1937</bibRefCitation>
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: 407
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFE1F42345D3335E79E13901" blockId="31.[151,1272,1778,1831]" box="[151,1272,1808,1831]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1011A4FFE1F42345D3335E79E13901" box="[151,1272,1808,1831]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFE1F42345D3335E7FA13901" authority="Heer in Heer & Gaudin, 1861: 153" authorityName="Heer in Heer & Gaudin" authorityPageNumber="153" authorityYear="1861" box="[151,696,1808,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funebris">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F42345D3335E7C573901" box="[151,334,1808,1830]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Bibiopsis funebris</emphasis>
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Heer
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F42344C8335F7CB93901" box="[396,416,1809,1830]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">in</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA1109BFFE1F42344E2335F7FA13901" author="Heer" box="[422,696,1808,1830]" page="153" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1861">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFE1F42344E2335F7F9F3901" author="Heer" box="[422,646,1808,1830]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Heer, O. & Gaudin, C. - T. (1861) Recherches sur le climat et la vegetation du pays tertiaire. Wurster, J. & Winterthur, C., Cherbuliez, Geneva & Paris, xxii + 220 pp." type="book" year="1861">Heer & Gaudin, 1861</bibRefCitation>
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: 153
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. (
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F423478E335C7FF43900" box="[714,749,1810,1831]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">nec</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFE1F42347B7335E79553901" ID-CoL="6V23R" authority="Meigen, 1804" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1804" box="[755,1100,1808,1830]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funebris">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F42347B7335E7EAE3901" box="[755,951,1808,1830]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Penthetria funebris</emphasis>
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Meigen, 1804
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F423411D335F79E13901" box="[1113,1272,1808,1830]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(nomen nudum)</emphasis>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFE1F42345D3331A7FA83990" blockId="31.[151,1437,1875,2011]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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A medium-sized
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFE1F423441F331D7CC8394C" ID-CoL="8YQLD" box="[347,465,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F423441F331D7CC8394C" box="[347,465,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Penthetria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, rather stocky for the genus, entirely black as usual for the genus. The shape of vein R2+3 is characteristic: it is vertical at base, then turns 90° and runs parallel to R4+
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<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFE1F423410D33C8796839B7" box="[1097,1137,1911,1940]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
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the basal half, then turns forwards, meeting
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<collectingRegion id="49C4F868FFE1F423442E33D17CB33990" box="[362,426,1951,1975]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Costa</collectingRegion>
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at an almost 45° angle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFE1F41D4583338C7C993EDF" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFE1F4234583338C788439FC" blockId="31.[151,1437,1875,2011]" box="[199,1437,1986,2011]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFE1F4234583338C7CAF39FC" bold="true" box="[199,438,1986,2011]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Holotype, female, FSL 391925 (fig. 14) from Aix. Paratype, female, FSL 391926.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDEF41C45D334D67DCB3EF2" blockId="32.[151,1435,151,248]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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Paratype, female, MNHN B 24519 from Céreste. Female, attributed by Heer to
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFDEF41C417034D678583E88" authority="Heer" authorityName="Heer" box="[1076,1345,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="funebris">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDEF41C417034D678183E97" box="[1076,1281,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bibiopsis funebris</emphasis>
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Heer
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</taxonomicName>
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(ETHZ 164).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDEF41C458334917F693EDF" blockId="32.[151,1435,151,248]" box="[199,624,223,248]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDEF41C458334917C583EDF" bold="true" box="[199,321,223,248]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Localities.</emphasis>
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Aix-en-Provence, Céreste.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF7F6602FFDEF41C45D3334C7F3B3910" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259106/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[232,1371,301,1762]" targetPageId="32">
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||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDEF41C45D3334C7F3B3910" blockId="32.[151,779,1794,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDEF41C45D3334C7C793930" bold="true" box="[151,352,1794,1817]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">FIGURES 98–102.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFDEF41C4422334C7E12393F" authority="Theobald, 1937" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1937" box="[358,779,1794,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nervisinuata">
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDEF41C4422334C7CC8393F" box="[358,465,1794,1816]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Penthetria</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDEF41C4493334D7F4F393F" box="[471,598,1795,1816]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">nervisinuata</emphasis>
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||
(Théobald, 1937)
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</taxonomicName>
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Fig. 98. Female, wing. ETHZ Aix 164.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDEF41C45D3330E7F703953" blockId="32.[151,779,1794,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFDEF41C45D3330E7DF83971" box="[151,225,1856,1878]" captionStart="FIGURES 98 – 102" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[232,1371,301,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[215,1372,301,1773]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98 – 102. Penthetria nervisinuata (Théobald, 1937) Fig. 98. Female, wing. ETHZ Aix 164." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259106/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 99</figureCitation>
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. Female, head and thorax, dorsal.
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<collectionCode id="ED11AE4FFFDEF41C477F330F7F653971" box="[571,636,1857,1878]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3kp9-a263" name="Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule-Zentrum" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ETHZ</collectionCode>
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Aix 164.
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<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFDEF41C45D333107DF73953" box="[151,238,1886,1908]" captionStart="FIGURES 98 – 102" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[232,1371,301,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[215,1372,301,1773]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98 – 102. Penthetria nervisinuata (Théobald, 1937) Fig. 98. Female, wing. ETHZ Aix 164." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259106/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 100</figureCitation>
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. Female (?), wing, RGL Céreste 192.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDEF41C45D333337F3C3995" blockId="32.[151,779,1794,1970]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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||
<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFDEF41C45D333337DF739B4" box="[151,238,1917,1939]" captionStart="FIGURES 98 – 102" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[232,1371,301,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[215,1372,301,1773]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98 – 102. Penthetria nervisinuata (Théobald, 1937) Fig. 98. Female, wing. ETHZ Aix 164." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259106/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
|
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. Male, terminalia, dorsal. MNHN Aix 981.
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<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFDEF41C45D333D27DF73995" box="[151,238,1948,1970]" captionStart="FIGURES 98 – 102" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[232,1371,301,1762]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[215,1372,301,1773]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 98 – 102. Penthetria nervisinuata (Théobald, 1937) Fig. 98. Female, wing. ETHZ Aix 164." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259106/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
|
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. Male, wing. MNHN Aix 974.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D458334D97C993EDF" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
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Other material (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED11AE4FFFDFF41D443834D67CC03E97" box="[380,473,152,176]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
): Males: Aix 779, 884, 974, 1085, P26. Females: Aix 332, 428, 645, 752, 799, 890, 926, 965, 1013, 1061, 1322, 1337, 1347, 1404. (RGL) Céreste 662. Isolated wing: Céreste 192. Female, labeled 164 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED11AE4FFFDFF41D458B34AE7C023EDF" box="[207,283,224,248]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/3kp9-a263" name="Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule-Zentrum" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">ETHZ</collectionCode>
|
||
, fig. 15).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFDFF41D4583354A79D63F40" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D4583354A79D63F40" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D4583354A7C583F3A" bold="true" box="[199,321,260,285]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is easily recognized by the long, horizontal vein R2+3, which is sharply bent basally and a bit sinuous in the middle. It is the only species in the French Oligocene material with a typical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFDFF41D41A1356578423F64" box="[1253,1371,299,323]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Penthetria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D41A1356578423F64" box="[1253,1371,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Penthetria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
wing venation. Specimens with preserved pigmentation are entirely dark with blackish-fumose wings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFDFF41D4583353C79453B8A" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D4583353C7CC13F88" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D4583353C7C6D3FAC" bold="true" box="[199,372,370,395]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
Male: Total length 8.2
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D47CE353D7F813FAD" box="[650,664,371,394]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
12.0 mm (N=5). The specimens are of a uniform, brown colour, probably not original colour.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D458335F47DC43FD0" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Head: Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D442935F47F0A3FF5" box="[365,531,442,467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="0.96" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1.13" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="0.96">
|
||
0.96
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D44DA35F57CB53FF5" box="[414,428,443,466]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.30 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=5), width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D47F835F57E7B3FF5" box="[700,866,443,467]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" metricValueMax="1.41" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1.22" valueMax="1.41" valueMin="1.03">
|
||
1.03
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D47A835F57FE33FF5" box="[748,762,443,466]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.41 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=4). Antenna robust, segments not possible to count.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D4583364C793E3C3C" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" box="[199,1063,514,539]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Thorax: Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D4439364D7F1D3C3D" box="[381,516,515,539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.2">
|
||
2.2
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D44E4364D7CB73C3D" box="[416,430,515,538]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
2.9 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=5), width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D47E0364D7FE33C3D" box="[676,762,515,539]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(N=1, smallest specimen).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D4583366879383C96" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Wing (fig. 102): Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D44A736687F743C18" box="[483,621,550,575]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" metricValueMax="9.1" metricValueMin="6.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="7.9" valueMax="9.1" valueMin="6.7">
|
||
6.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D474236667F0D3C18" box="[518,532,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
9.1 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=4), width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D465036697E843C18" box="[788,925,551,575]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.2">
|
||
2.2
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D467336667E5C3C18" box="[823,837,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
2.9 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=3), length/width = 2.98
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D4198366679F33C18" box="[1244,1258,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
3.30 (N=3). No pigment preserved in membrane, R-veins brown, posterior veins colourless.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C4F868FFDFF41D46AE360579333C44" box="[1002,1066,587,611]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
extends to apex of R4+5. Humeral vein present, Subcosta terminating at origin of R2+3. Pterostigma oval, brown. R2+3 long, originating at base of pterostigma, bent in a right angle near base. Wing vein measurements in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6820331FFDFF41D468236D679033C96" box="[966,1050,664,689]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="9.[131,212,632,653]" captionTargetBox="[125,1813,673,1547]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 1. Penthetria spp., wing measurements." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7F6602FFF7F43545C736367F7E3CAA" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="DF7F6602FFF7F43545C736367F7E3CAA">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D458336F379473CDE" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Legs: Slender, first tarsomere of hind leg slightly swollen and spindle-shaped. Fore femur
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D41FB36F3780C3CF3" box="[1215,1301,701,725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(N=1), fore tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D459436AF7C4E3CDF" box="[208,343,737,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.2">
|
||
2.2
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D45B736AF7C183CDF" box="[243,257,737,760]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
2.3 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=2), hind femur
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D477636AF7FA03CDF" box="[562,697,736,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.7">
|
||
2.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D471136AF7F7A3CDF" box="[597,611,737,760]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
3.5 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=3), hind tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D46C036AE79123CDF" box="[900,1035,736,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.15" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="3.15" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.5">
|
||
2.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D46E336AF7EAC3CDF" box="[935,949,737,760]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
3.8 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=3).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D4583374A793E3D3A" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" box="[199,1063,772,797]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Abdomen: Length 5.4
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D44F9374B7CD23D3B" box="[445,459,773,796]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
8.0 mm (N=5), width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D4785374B7E513D3B" box="[705,840,772,797]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.1">
|
||
1.1
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D47A0374B7FEB3D3B" box="[740,754,773,796]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.6 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=2). Cylindrical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D458337667E473D42" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Terminalia (fig. 101): Gonostylus digitiform, curved, pointed. Epandrium wide, dome-shaped. Hypopygium width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D459937037C993D43" box="[221,384,844,869]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" metricValueMax="11.5" metricValueMin="8.299999999999999" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.99" valueMax="1.15" valueMin="0.83">
|
||
0.83
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D444A37037C053D43" box="[270,284,845,868]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.15 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=4), gonostylus length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D47E337037E123D43" box="[679,779,845,869]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.43">0.43 mm</quantity>
|
||
(N=1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D4583373E7E733D8A" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Female: Total length 7.5
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D449C373F7CFF3DAF" box="[472,486,881,904]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
12.0 mm (N=16). Holotype and one paratype very dark, probably the original colour. Most of the other specimens have little or no pigment preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D458337F67C343A3E" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Head (fig. 99): Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D44A137F77F893DF7" box="[485,656,952,977]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="11.6" metricValueMin="7.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="0.965" valueMax="1.16" valueMin="0.77">
|
||
0.77
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D475237F77F3D3DF7" box="[534,548,953,976]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.16 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=11), width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D461537F77EE23DF7" box="[849,1019,953,977]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="0.82" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1.05" valueMax="1.28" valueMin="0.82">
|
||
0.82
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D46C637F77E893DF7" box="[898,912,953,976]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
1.28 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=17). Rounded. Compound eye medium-sized, slightly protruding. Ocellar triangle prominent but not very tall. Antenna robust, flagellum probably 8-segmented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D4583306A785A3A1A" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" box="[199,1347,1060,1085]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Thorax: Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D4439306B7F1D3A1B" box="[381,516,1061,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.9">
|
||
1.9
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D44E4306B7CB73A1B" box="[416,430,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
3.1 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=16), width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D47F6306B7E203A1B" box="[690,825,1060,1085]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.7">
|
||
1.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D4790306B7FFB3A1B" box="[724,738,1061,1084]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
2.6 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=15). Sulci prominent. Haltere dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D458330067E283B3A" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Wing (figs. 98, 100): Length 7.0
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D470D30077F4E3A47" box="[585,599,1097,1120]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D471330067FA63A47" box="[599,703,1096,1121]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
(N=18), width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D463F3007791E3A47" box="[891,1031,1097,1121]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="3.3" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="2.7">
|
||
2.7
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D46DA30077EB53A47" box="[926,940,1097,1120]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
3.9 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=16), length/width = 2.44
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D4019300778723A47" box="[1373,1387,1097,1120]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
3.00 (N=14). Blackish fumose, R-veins dark, posterior veins concolourous with membrane.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C4F868FFDFF41D412E302379B33AA2" box="[1130,1194,1133,1157]" country="New Zealand" name="West Coast" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Costa</collectingRegion>
|
||
terminates at apex of R4+5. Humeral vein present, Subcosta terminating at or slightly beyond origin of R2+3. Pterostigma oval, black. CuAveins conspicuously strong. Vein R2+3 long and sinuous, basally vertical, bent 90° and then running parallel to R4+5 before bending toward costa in distal half. Relative length of stem and fork of CuA apparently quite variable. CuA2 apically curved basad. Wing vein measurements in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6820331FFDFF41D4793314A7E323B3A" box="[727,811,1284,1309]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="9.[131,212,632,653]" captionTargetBox="[125,1813,673,1547]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 1. Penthetria spp., wing measurements." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF7F6602FFF7F43545C736367F7E3CAA" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" tableUuid="DF7F6602FFF7F43545C736367F7E3CAA">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D458331677ED33B42" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Legs: Slender, covered with short erect dark pile. Length of fore femur 2.0
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D415C3167793F3B67" box="[1048,1062,1321,1344]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D4162316679643B67" box="[1062,1149,1320,1345]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
(N=5), fore tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D400C31677DDA3B43" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.2" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.8">
|
||
1.8
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D402F316778603B67" box="[1387,1401,1321,1344]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
2.6 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=6), hind femur
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D44DB31037F3F3B43" box="[415,550,1357,1381]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.1">
|
||
2.1
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D448631037CC93B43" box="[450,464,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
3.1 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=5), hind tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D47B431037E6E3B43" box="[752,887,1356,1381]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="1.9">
|
||
1.9
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D465731037E383B43" box="[787,801,1357,1380]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
3.5 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D4583313E795A3BAE" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" box="[199,1091,1392,1417]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Abdomen: Length
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D44DE313E7F383BAF" box="[410,545,1392,1417]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" metricValueMax="8.3" metricValueMin="5.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="6.7" valueMax="8.3" valueMin="5.1">
|
||
5.1
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D44F9313F7CD23BAF" box="[445,459,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
8.3 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=14), width
|
||
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFDFF41D478B313F7E4F3BAF" box="[719,854,1393,1417]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="2.3499999999999996" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.9">
|
||
1.9
|
||
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFDFF41D47B6313F7E193BAF" box="[754,768,1393,1416]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">–</emphasis>
|
||
2.8 mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
(N=13). Cylindrical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFDFF41D458331DA79453B8A" blockId="33.[151,1437,151,1453]" box="[199,1116,1428,1453]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Terminalia: Three spermathecae present. Cerci two-segmented, small and slender.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |