221 lines
56 KiB
XML
221 lines
56 KiB
XML
<document id="7E6348A4190108ABFB4B51B530EF4A05" ID-ISSN="11755334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629736930437" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Neo, Usa & Adrain, Jonathan M." docDate="2011" docId="03BB5935A70A6720FF14F8BEFAB0FA61" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02969p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2969" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Panisaspis millardensis Neo & Adrain 2011, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FF82214DA70C6729FF83FFC8FFF4FF85" masterDocTitle="2969" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="7" updateTime="1699104309730" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8800F752109E52DF5D55E97931FD0D70">2969</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="280F9FE7A2B0D617141933643AD0672B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6F9F5EC8FAF2582B85EF9D985C70A7FB">Neo, Usa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6A97267BA7780214943CB47B127BD403">Adrain, Jonathan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="BE096B76D30DB3862A23D435F32C0D07">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A79C4FF16AFA591BF188C28E775416AC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1692E532D6EB8149868A9AEF53027594">
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<mods:date id="6B262AC3937B78D6FFC5AC6F86A2ACD2">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="20AAA5E73AB097679BD577086F645234">2011-07-18</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="70B5F23390756708D7EC8B02620C0FF0" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3FA52F5734A5372ABE4FF1031494D05E">2969</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="234B3FD2769C2D0DA8CB958A76417D6B">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="27B923B04649869F7C4B8EB2A98B688F">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8C90509CE71F47ACA6B92B05B42D2715" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03BB5935A70A6720FF14F8BEFAB0FA61" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB5935A70A6720FF14F8BEFAB0FA61" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB5935A70A6720FF14F8BEFAB0FA61" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<subSubSection id="C308BBA8A70A672FFF14F8BEFE09F815" box="[151,509,1910,1936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BADE823A70A672FFF14F8BEFE09F815" blockId="6.[151,509,1910,1969]" box="[151,509,1910,1936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<heading id="D0E55F4FA70A672FFF14F8BEFE09F815" bold="true" box="[151,509,1910,1936]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9663431A70A672FFF14F8BEFE09F815" bold="true" box="[151,509,1910,1936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A70A672FFF14F8BEFE47F815" authority="Neo & Adrain, 2011" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,435,1910,1936]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="millardensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B9663431A70A672FFF14F8BEFE47F815" bold="true" box="[151,435,1910,1936]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Panisaspis millardensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A255894AA70A672FFE39F8BEFE09F815" box="[442,509,1910,1936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308BBA8A70A672FFF14F851FB6EF874" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BADE823A70A672FFF14F851FEF8F834" blockId="6.[151,509,1910,1969]" box="[151,268,1945,1969]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
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<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A70A672FFF14F851FEF8F834" box="[151,268,1945,1969]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStart-2="FIGURE 7" captionStart-3="FIGURE 8" captionStart-4="FIGURE 9" captionStart-5="FIGURE 10" captionStart-6="FIGURE 11" captionStartId-0="31.[151,239,151,171]" captionStartId-1="31.[151,239,1775,1795]" captionStartId-2="33.[151,239,1481,1501]" captionStartId-3="34.[151,239,1458,1478]" captionStartId-4="35.[151,239,1020,1040]" captionStartId-5="35.[151,239,1804,1824]" captionStartId-6="37.[151,239,998,1018]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,190,1459]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1436,190,1437]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,190,999]" captionTargetBox-6="[151,1436,190,977]" captionTargetId-2="figure-164@33.[151,1436,190,1459]" captionTargetId-3="figure-170@34.[151,1436,190,1437]" captionTargetId-4="figure-284@35.[151,1436,190,999]" captionTargetId-6="figure-267@37.[151,1436,190,977]" captionTargetPageId-2="33" captionTargetPageId-3="34" captionTargetPageId-4="35" captionTargetPageId-6="37" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 7, 10, 15. Cranidium, SUI 125596, dorsal, right lateral, oblique, anterior, and ventral views, x7.5 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 8. Cranidium, SUI 125597, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 3, 6, 9. Cranidium, SUI 125598, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 11, 13, 14. Cranidium, SUI 125599, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 14, 17. Cranidium, SUI 125600, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 18, 21–23. Cranidium, SUI 125601, dorsal, left lateral, anterior, and ventral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 20, 24. Cranidium, SUI 125602, right lateral, dorsal, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 7. Cranidium, SUI 125603, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 8. Cranidium, SUI 125604, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 3, 6. Left librigena, SUI 125605, external and ventrolateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 9. Right librigena, SUI 125606, external view, x10 (H 187.4 m). 10, 13. Cranidium, SUI 125607, dorsal and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 11, 14, 17, 20. Cranidium, SUI 125608, dorsal, ventral, anterior, and left lateral views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 12, 15. Right librigena, SUI 125609, external and ventrolateral views, x10 (H 187.4 m). 16, 19, 22. Cranidium, SUI 125610, dorsal, anterior, and left lateral views, x20 (H 185.6 m). 18, 21, 24. Right librigena, SUI 125611, external, internal, and ventrolateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 23. Left librigena, SUI 125612, external view, x10 (H 187.4 m)." captionText-2="FIGURE 7. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1. Right librigena, SUI 125613, external view, x12. 2, 5. Right librigena, SUI 125614, external and ventrolateral views, x15. 3. Right librigena, SUI 125615, external view, x12. 4. Right librigena, SUI 125616, external view, x12. 6. Right librigena, SUI 125617, external view, x15. 7, 10. Right librigena, SUI 125618, external and ventrolateral views, x15. 8, 11. Right librigena, SUI 125619, external and internal views, x15. 9. Left librigena, SUI 125620, external view, x15. 12. Right librigena, SUI 125621, external view, x15. 13. Right librigena, SUI 125622, external view, x12. 14. Left librigena, SUI 125623, external view, x12. 15. Right librigena, SUI 125624, external view, x15. 16. Left librigena, SUI 125625, external view, x20." captionText-3="FIGURE 8. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 5, 9. Hypostome, SUI 125626, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 2, 6, 10, 14. Hypostome, SUI 125627, ventral, left lateral, posterior, and dorsal views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 3, 7, 11. Hypostome, SUI 125628, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 4, 8, 12. Hypostome, SUI 125629, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 13, 17, 20. Hypostome, SUI 125630, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x20 (H 187.4 m). 15, 18, 21. Hypostome, SUI 125631, ventral, posterior, and left lateral views, x15 (H 187.4 m). 16, 19, 22, 23. Hypostome, SUI 125632, ventral, left lateral, dorsal, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." captionText-4="FIGURE 9. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 2, 5, 6. Thoracic segment, SUI 125633, dorsal, left lateral, anterior, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 3, 4, 6, 8, 9. Thoracic segment, SUI 125634, right lateral, dorsal, ventral, anterior, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 10, 12, 14. Thoracic segment, SUI 125635, anterior, right lateral, and dorsal views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 11, 13, 15–17. Thoracic segment, SUI 125636, dorsal, anterior, left lateral, posterior, and ventral views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." captionText-5="FIGURE 10. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 8, 10, 11. Pygidium, holotype, SUI 125637, dorsal, ventral, posterior, anterior, and left lateral views, x10 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 6. Pygidium, SUI 125638, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x10 (H 185.6 m). 3, 7, 9, 13. Pygidium, SUI 125639, dorsal, ventral, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 15, 16. Pygidium, SUI 125640, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 14, 18, 21. Pygidium, SUI 125641, dorsal, posterior, and right lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 17, 20, 24. Pygidium, SUI 125642, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 22, 23. Pygidium, SUI 125643, dorsal, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m)." captionText-6="FIGURE 11. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 5, 12. Pygidium, SUI 125644, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12. 2, 6, 9. Pygidium, SUI 125645, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12. 3, 7, 10. Pygidium, SUI 125646, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 4, 8, 11. Pygidium, SUI 125647, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 13-15. Pygidium, SUI 125648, right lateral, posterior, and dorsal views, x15." pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 5–11</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BADE823A70A672FFF44F813FB6EF874" blockId="6.[199,1178,2011,2033]" box="[199,1178,2011,2033]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1953 Undetermined gen. and sp. Loc. H-20. Zone H. (not described); Hintze, pl. 21, figs. 6, 7.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308BBA8A70B672EFF14FF5FFB3EFF72" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BADE823A70B672EFF14FF5FFB3EFF72" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B9663431A70B672EFF14FF5FFEF2FF35" bold="true" box="[151,262,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">Material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B7AE27EA70B672EFE9EFF5FFB3EFF72" collectionCode="SUI" collectorName="Section H" country="United States of America" county="Millard County" elevation="187" location="Fillmore Formation" municipality="Ibex area" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" specimenCode="SUI 125637, SUI 125596- 125636, 125638-125648" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Utah" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54A95681A70B672EFE9EFF5FFE7CFF2A" box="[285,392,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, pygidium,
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<specimenCode id="DBB44058A70B672EFD96FF5FFD50FF2A" box="[533,676,151,175]" collectionCode="SUI" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fx78-973d" name="The University of Iowa (formerly State University of Iowa)" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="University or college">SUI 125637</specimenCode>
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, from
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<collectorName id="26E78DF5A70B672EFD75FF5FFC9EFF2A" box="[758,874,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Section H</collectorName>
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<quantity id="4CEA45C6A70B672EFCF5FF5FFC22FF2A" box="[886,982,151,175]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.874" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="187.4">
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<elevation id="003F0F10A70B672EFCF5FF5FFC22FF2A" box="[886,982,151,175]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.874" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="187.4">187.4 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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and assigned specimens
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<specimenCode id="DBB44058A70B672EFA82FF5FFF1AFF51" collectionCode="SUI" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fx78-973d" name="The University of Iowa (formerly State University of Iowa)" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="University or college">SUI 125596– 125636</specimenCode>
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBB44058A70B672EFF79FF74FE47FF51" box="[250,435,188,212]" collectionCode="SUI" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fx78-973d" name="The University of Iowa (formerly State University of Iowa)" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="University or college">125638–125648</specimenCode>
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, from
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<collectorName id="26E78DF5A70B672EFE7DFF74FD9BFF56" box="[510,623,188,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Section H</collectorName>
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<elevation id="003F0F10A70B672EFDF4FF74FC9AFF56" box="[631,878,188,212]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<quantity id="4CEA45C6A70B672EFDF4FF74FD21FF56" box="[631,725,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8559999999999999" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="185.6">185.6 m</quantity>
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and
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<quantity id="4CEA45C6A70B672EFC8DFF74FC9AFF56" box="[782,878,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.874" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="187.4">187.4 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<location id="8ECDBEF8A70B672EFCF8FF74FBACFF51" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB5935A70A6720FF14F8BEFAB0FA61:8ECDBEF8A70B672EFCF8FF74FBACFF51" box="[891,1112,188,212]" country="United States of America" county="Millard County" municipality="Ibex area" name="Fillmore Formation" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Utah">Fillmore Formation</location>
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(Blackhillsian;
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<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A70B672EFA8DFF74FE9AFF72" authority="Zone" authorityName="Zone" class="Trilobita" family="Bathyuridae" genus="Strigigenalis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Proetida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plicolabeona">
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<emphasis id="B9663431A70B672EFA8DFF74FEDDFF7D" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Strigigenalis plicolabeona</emphasis>
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Zone
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</taxonomicName>
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),
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<location id="8ECDBEF8A70B672EFE02FF17FD5AFF7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB5935A70A6720FF14F8BEFAB0FA61:8ECDBEF8A70B672EFE02FF17FD5AFF7D" box="[385,686,223,248]" country="United States of America" county="Millard County" municipality="Ibex area" name="southern Confusion Range" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" stateProvince="Utah">southern Confusion Range</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC97259A70B672EFD3AFF17FCD7FF72" box="[697,803,223,247]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Ibex area</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="62CC90AFA70B672EFCACFF17FC29FF72" box="[815,989,223,247]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Millard County</collectingCounty>
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, western
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<collectingRegion id="49D626C1A70B672EFBC5FF17FB8BFF72" box="[1094,1151,223,247]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Utah</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F305A8B3A70B672EFB08FF17FB33FF72" box="[1163,1223,223,247]" name="United States of America" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">USA</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308BBA8A70B672EFF44FECCFD63FE99" box="[199,663,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BADE823A70B672EFF44FECCFD63FE99" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1976]" box="[199,663,260,284]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B9663431A70B672EFF44FECCFEB9FE99" bold="true" box="[199,333,260,284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">Etymology.</emphasis>
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From Millard County,
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<collectingRegion id="49D626C1A70B672EFDDBFECCFD66FE99" box="[600,658,260,284]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Utah</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308BBA8A70B672EFF44FEEFFAB3FE29" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BADE823A70B672EFF44FEEFFAB3FE29" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B9663431A70B672EFF44FEEFFEB5FEC5" bold="true" box="[199,321,295,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Hypostome with very wide and long ovoid border; thoracic segments with very long (dorsoventrally), strongly downturned pleural spines; with pair of tubercles straddling axis; and with dense granulose sculpture all over; pygidium with densely granulose axis; pleural spines effaced dorsally except for posterior half of third pair; terminal piece with pair of indentations near anterior margin and second pair at about 1/3 length.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C308BBA8A70B6720FF44FE7FFF3FFC69" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BADE823A70B672EFF44FE7FFB98FAF2" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
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<emphasis id="B9663431A70B672EFF44FE7FFEACFE55" bold="true" box="[199,344,439,464]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Cranidium somewhat triangular in outline, short, wide posteriorly, with sagittal length 46.4% width across posterior border, moderately vaulted (anterior view), mostly due to sloping fixigenae; anterior border short, fairly wide, sub-circular in shape, ends even with S3, strongly anteroventrally curved such that doublure is expressed mainly anteriorly with only a short ventral rim, and with dense granulose sculpture; anterior border furrow short, deep, incised, strongly anteriorly bowed, longest and deepest in lateral section forming apodemal pits even with S3; glabella ovoid, long, relatively narrow, widest at S2, with width 100.0% (91.1–106.6%) sagittal length excluding LO, moderately vaulted (sag., tr.), with well defined lateral lobes and furrows, and with very dense sculpture of tiny granules; L1 small, subtriangular, L2 and L3 large, subrectangular, roughly equal in area, frontal lobe very large, sub-semicircular, all lateral furrows very short, slightly longer near axial furrows and at adaxial ends, very deep, with strong projection ventrally, all directed posteromedially at about 30º, S3 with slight anterior projection near abaxial end on some cranidia (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A70B672EFCBCFCD7FC2FFCB2" box="[831,987,799,823]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="31.[151,239,151,171]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 7, 10, 15. Cranidium, SUI 125596, dorsal, right lateral, oblique, anterior, and ventral views, x7.5 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 8. Cranidium, SUI 125597, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 3, 6, 9. Cranidium, SUI 125598, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 11, 13, 14. Cranidium, SUI 125599, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 14, 17. Cranidium, SUI 125600, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 18, 21–23. Cranidium, SUI 125601, dorsal, left lateral, anterior, and ventral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 20, 24. Cranidium, SUI 125602, right lateral, dorsal, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 5.2, 5.11</figureCitation>
|
||
); SO short, fairly shallow medially, but deepens laterally into apodemal pits, course very gently W-shaped, gently anteriorly bowed medially, and wrapped around base of L1 laterally; LO long medially and tapered laterally, slightly narrower than base of glabella, gently dorsally inflated, with dense granulose sculpture and small but prominent median tubercle, doublure long medially, tapered laterally, lens-shaped, effaced; axial furrows narrow and deep, wider and shallower at intersections with lateral glabellar furrows, SO, and lateral branch of anterior border furrow, gently anteriorly divergent until S2, then gently convergent; palpebro-ocular ridges long, moderately wide, arcuate in shape with widest curvature posteriorly, with anterior edge defined by line of pits running dorsolaterally from intersection of axial furrow and S3, and with dense granulose sculpture; palpebro-ocular furrows narrow, moderately shallow, shallower anteriorly, gently sigmoid in course; fixigenae with moderately dense sculpture of tiny granules, and small caecal pits except near axial and posterior border furrows, interocular fixigenae long, narrow, triangular, posterior fixigenae short, wide, subrectangular, moderately ventrolaterally sloped, with gently anteriorly bowed anterior margin; posterior border furrow short, deep, incised, roughly transverse along posterior border, pointed at genal angle with short, medially directed anterior branch; posterior border short adaxially, expanded laterally to maximum length (about double) at genal angle, then strongly anteromedially tapered, with moderately thick and long, conical, gently tapered spine at genal angle, and dense granulose sculpture, doublure along posterior portions very short and rimlike, expanded rapidly to maximum length just before genal spine, then cut by facial suture at genal spine.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADE823A70B672EFF44FA4CFE38FA19" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1976]" box="[199,460,1412,1436]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rostral plate unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADE823A70B672EFF44FA60FC64F83D" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||
Hypostome long, wide, with maximum width across anterior wings only slightly greater than across shoulders, width 96.2% (91.4–101.1%) sagittal length; anterior suture very broad, moderately anteriorly bowed; anterior bor- der very short medially, laterally expanded into long, wide, triangular wings with deep apodemal pits; anterior bor- der furrow short, deep, incised; middle body very large, narrow, elongate, sub-ovoid and posteriorly tapered, with lobes ill-defined; anterior lobe sub-ovoid, strongly ventrally inflated, with dense granulose sculpture concentrated anteriorly and scattered caecal pits; middle body furrow not impressed except as narrow, deep, anterolateral branches anteriorly coincident with lateral furrows and as very slightly impressed median crescent on larger specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A70B672EFF61F96CFE85F939" box="[226,369,1700,1724]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="34.[151,239,1458,1478]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1437]" captionTargetId="figure-170@34.[151,1436,190,1437]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 8. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 5, 9. Hypostome, SUI 125626, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 2, 6, 10, 14. Hypostome, SUI 125627, ventral, left lateral, posterior, and dorsal views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 3, 7, 11. Hypostome, SUI 125628, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 4, 8, 12. Hypostome, SUI 125629, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 13, 17, 20. Hypostome, SUI 125630, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x20 (H 187.4 m). 15, 18, 21. Hypostome, SUI 125631, ventral, posterior, and left lateral views, x15 (H 187.4 m). 16, 19, 22, 23. Hypostome, SUI 125632, ventral, left lateral, dorsal, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 8.1, 8.2</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterior lobe of middle body short, narrow, U- to V-shaped, effaced; lateral furrows narrow and very shallow between junctions with anterior border and middle body furrows, impressed when coincident with middle body furrows, shallow across lateral extensions of posterior lobe of middle body, then deep and slightly widened along posterolateral reaches of posterior lobe; posterior border furrow about twice as long as anterior border furrow, moderately deep; lateral and posterior borders broad and long, forming ovoid margin, gently ventrally flexed toward rims, with dense granulose sculpture; lateral notch fairly short and shallow dorsoventrally, but deeply mediolaterally impressed; posterior wing not adequately preserved; lateral doublure very wide, strongly dorsomedially raised, and posterior doublure imperfectly preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADE823A7046721FF44FF5FFACFFDB9" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Librigena overall long and wide, with width of field 43.9% (36.7–50.2%) length along lateral border furrow and length of field 46.0% (42.3–49.4%) length of border; base of visual surface arcuate, strongly elevated from librigenal field (ventrolateral views); librigenal field wide, fairly short, weakly convex, with dense sculpture of tiny granules somewhat concentrated near eye and moderately densely overlain by large caecal pits; lateral border furrow moderately short, very deep, incised, slightly curved; lateral border long and wide, about 1/2 width of librigenal field and twice as long as field, moderately inflated, with broad, shallow indentation in middle of border along anterior half of librigenal field, with long, dog-legged anterior and long, straight posterior projections, and with dense granulose sculpture; anterior branch of facial suture roughly L-shaped, slightly shorter along field than along border projection; posterior branch long and sloped at about 60º above horizontal along field, then short (about 3/4 length along field) and nearly transverse along border; lateral border doublure wide, with effaced and roughly crescentic inner true doublure and more inflated, granulose inner faces of anterior and posterior projections also visible, and also shown as slight triangular projection above posterior branch of facial suture in external view.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADE823A7046721FF44FD8FFD0FFBD2" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Total number of thoracic segments unknown. Thoracic segments short, broad, with axis 44.3% pleural width excluding spine, highly vaulted axially and pleurally; articulating half ring moderately short medially, semilunate and strongly laterally tapered; articulating furrow long, shallow over most of course but with large, deep apodemal pits anterolaterally, and with granulose sculpture in some specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7046721FC20FD7CFC0AFD49" box="[931,1022,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="35.[151,239,1020,1040]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,999]" captionTargetId="figure-284@35.[151,1436,190,999]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 9. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 2, 5, 6. Thoracic segment, SUI 125633, dorsal, left lateral, anterior, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 3, 4, 6, 8, 9. Thoracic segment, SUI 125634, right lateral, dorsal, ventral, anterior, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 10, 12, 14. Thoracic segment, SUI 125635, anterior, right lateral, and dorsal views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 11, 13, 15–17. Thoracic segment, SUI 125636, dorsal, anterior, left lateral, posterior, and ventral views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 9.1</figureCitation>
|
||
); axial ring fairly short, only slightly longer and wider than articulating half ring, strongly dorsolaterally inflated, with dense granulose sculpture and pair of small tubercles straddling posterior midline; axial ring doublure long, semilunate, smooth; axial furrows wide and flared anteriorly and posteriorly, slightly constricted along posterior pleural band, moderately deep, confluent with articulating, pleural, and posterior articulating ridge furrows; inner pleurae narrow, with very steeply curved fulcrum close to distal ends; anterior pleural band very short, finely granulose, with extremely short anterior articulating ridge set off posteriorly by short, shallow furrow, and with distal tips curved dorsomedially (anterior view) into articulating device; pleural furrow moderately short, flared ventrolaterally (lateral view), moderately deep, deeper adaxially; posterior pleural band long, strongly inflated with semicircular cross-section, with long, gently tapered, strongly downturned, semi-flattened blade-like to conical spine produced from fulcrum, and with dense granulose sculpture, posterior margin of posterior pleural band forms very short articulating ridge set off from inflated band by very short, deep, incised furrow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADE823A7046720FF44FBACFC1AFE99" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1440,151,1508]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||
Pygidium of four segments each bearing long, thick spine on posterior pleurae, with medium-sized triangular terminal piece, moderately vaulted (mostly axially), moderately long and narrow with sagittal length from articulating furrow to posterior tip of terminal piece 75.9% (72.7–78.6%) width across anterior pleurae; articulating half ring short, slightly narrower than first axial ring, laterally tapered, semilunate; articulating furrow short, deep (somewhat shallower medially), incised, with deep apodemal pits at lateral limits somewhat set back into anterior margin of axial ring; axis long and wide (about half maximum pygidial width), highly vaulted anteriorly and progressively less vaulted toward nearly flat terminal piece, strongly posteriorly tapered; axial rings moderately short, decrease slightly in length posteriorly, anterior rings wide, fourth ring about 3/4 width of first ring, each ring independently inflated, with semicircular cross-section, and with dense sculpture of fine granules (also on terminal piece of some specimens); terminal piece subtriangular to slightly heart-shaped, long, narrow, strongly posteriorly tapered, with two pairs of indentations: one pair of small dimples close to anterior margin, and one pair of larger, more elongate impressions at about 1/3 length, impressions merged or partially merged on many specimens, e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7046721FF14F9DCFEBEF9A9" box="[151,330,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="35.[151,239,1804,1824]" captionText="FIGURE 10. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 8, 10, 11. Pygidium, holotype, SUI 125637, dorsal, ventral, posterior, anterior, and left lateral views, x10 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 6. Pygidium, SUI 125638, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x10 (H 185.6 m). 3, 7, 9, 13. Pygidium, SUI 125639, dorsal, ventral, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 15, 16. Pygidium, SUI 125640, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 14, 18, 21. Pygidium, SUI 125641, dorsal, posterior, and right lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 17, 20, 24. Pygidium, SUI 125642, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 22, 23. Pygidium, SUI 125643, dorsal, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m)." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 10.3, 10.12</figureCitation>
|
||
, specimens of
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7046721FE6EF9DCFDC8F9A9" box="[493,572,1556,1580]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="37.[151,239,998,1018]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,977]" captionTargetId="figure-267@37.[151,1436,190,977]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 11. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 5, 12. Pygidium, SUI 125644, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12. 2, 6, 9. Pygidium, SUI 125645, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12. 3, 7, 10. Pygidium, SUI 125646, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 4, 8, 11. Pygidium, SUI 125647, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 13-15. Pygidium, SUI 125648, right lateral, posterior, and dorsal views, x15." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
, and with posteromedian margin exposed; inter-ring furrows moderately long (first one longer), somewhat shallow medially, shorter and very deep laterally, producing large apodemes ventrally; axial furrows moderately wide, strongly impressed over first three segments, lightly impressed over fourth, then merged with narrow, posteriorly shallowing furrows along sides of terminal piece; only first segment with anterior and posterior pleural bands, anterior band very short, slightly longer laterally, strongly downturned at fulcrum, with slight inward curvature at tips for articulation; pleural furrow short, slightly flared laterally, deep, incised; posterior band long (3–4 times length of anterior band), narrow (about half width of first axial ring), strongly inflated, with rounded adaxial margins, and with spine produced from outer pleurae, outer pleurae strongly downturned, with ventral tips merged into rim of doublure; spine long, thick, conical, gradually tapered, mostly effaced dorsally and ventrally, but densely granulose along sides and toward tips; first interpleural furrow moderately long, slightly flared exsagittally, deep, posterolaterally directed at about 45º below horizontal, with subsequent furrows shorter and more posteriorly directed, and with third furrows nearly subparallel; second through fourth posterior pleural bands like first, but more strongly posteriorly directed, and with spines lengthening to a maximum nearly equal to the sagittal length of the pygidium on the third segment (also slightly posterodorsally upturned), then roughly half that length and almost subparallel on the fourth segment; pygidial doublure fairly short, tapered anteriorly, with rounded and slightly posteromedially peaked inner margin (anterior view;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FC5BFF17FBBBFF72" box="[984,1103,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="35.[151,239,1804,1824]" captionText="FIGURE 10. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 8, 10, 11. Pygidium, holotype, SUI 125637, dorsal, ventral, posterior, anterior, and left lateral views, x10 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 6. Pygidium, SUI 125638, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x10 (H 185.6 m). 3, 7, 9, 13. Pygidium, SUI 125639, dorsal, ventral, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 15, 16. Pygidium, SUI 125640, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 14, 18, 21. Pygidium, SUI 125641, dorsal, posterior, and right lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 17, 20, 24. Pygidium, SUI 125642, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 22, 23. Pygidium, SUI 125643, dorsal, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 10.10</figureCitation>
|
||
), effaced, merged with tips of pleurae to form short (lower posteriorly) raised wall with granulose exterior.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADE823A7056720FF44FEEFFF3FFC69" blockId="9.[151,1440,151,1508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FF44FEEFFEB5FEC5" bold="true" box="[199,321,295,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">Ontogeny.</emphasis>
|
||
Cranidia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FE55FEE0FD15FEC5" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[470,737,296,320]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="millardensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FE55FEE0FD15FEC5" box="[470,737,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Panisaspis millardensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FC95FEEFFC8CFEBA" box="[790,888,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="31.[151,239,151,171]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 7, 10, 15. Cranidium, SUI 125596, dorsal, right lateral, oblique, anterior, and ventral views, x7.5 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 8. Cranidium, SUI 125597, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 3, 6, 9. Cranidium, SUI 125598, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 11, 13, 14. Cranidium, SUI 125599, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 14, 17. Cranidium, SUI 125600, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 18, 21–23. Cranidium, SUI 125601, dorsal, left lateral, anterior, and ventral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 20, 24. Cranidium, SUI 125602, right lateral, dorsal, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 5.1</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FC2CFEEFFC15FEBA" box="[943,993,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="31.[151,239,1775,1795]" captionText="FIGURE 6. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 7. Cranidium, SUI 125603, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 8. Cranidium, SUI 125604, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 3, 6. Left librigena, SUI 125605, external and ventrolateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 9. Right librigena, SUI 125606, external view, x10 (H 187.4 m). 10, 13. Cranidium, SUI 125607, dorsal and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 11, 14, 17, 20. Cranidium, SUI 125608, dorsal, ventral, anterior, and left lateral views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 12, 15. Right librigena, SUI 125609, external and ventrolateral views, x10 (H 187.4 m). 16, 19, 22. Cranidium, SUI 125610, dorsal, anterior, and left lateral views, x20 (H 185.6 m). 18, 21, 24. Right librigena, SUI 125611, external, internal, and ventrolateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 23. Left librigena, SUI 125612, external view, x10 (H 187.4 m)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">6.16</figureCitation>
|
||
) become wider and more vaulted overall through ontogeny. The glabella expands laterally, changing from anteriorly expanded to laterally expanded in shape, and the lateral furrows become longer, deeper, and more defined. Cranidial furrows (anterior border, axial, posterior border, palpebo-ocular, SO) lengthen and widen. Granulose sculpture is coarser on juveniles than adults, but the fixigenal pitting is more defined on large specimens. The genal spine becomes proportionately thinner and slightly longer. The hypostome (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FDBBFE14FD26FE71" box="[568,722,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="34.[151,239,1458,1478]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1437]" captionTargetId="figure-170@34.[151,1436,190,1437]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 8. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 5, 9. Hypostome, SUI 125626, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 2, 6, 10, 14. Hypostome, SUI 125627, ventral, left lateral, posterior, and dorsal views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 3, 7, 11. Hypostome, SUI 125628, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 4, 8, 12. Hypostome, SUI 125629, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 13, 17, 20. Hypostome, SUI 125630, ventral, left lateral, and posterior views, x20 (H 187.4 m). 15, 18, 21. Hypostome, SUI 125631, ventral, posterior, and left lateral views, x15 (H 187.4 m). 16, 19, 22, 23. Hypostome, SUI 125632, ventral, left lateral, dorsal, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 8.1, 8.13</figureCitation>
|
||
) widens considerably through ontogeny, with the middle body becoming narrower relative to the lateral border. The middle body becomes less granulose, with finer granules remaining concentrated anteriorly, and the pits increase in size and visibility. The lateral branches of the middle body furrow deepen. The lateral and posterior borders increase in width and length, their granulose sculpture remains dense but grows finer, and the margin becomes smoother as the very tiny spines at the shoulders and posterolateral corners fade away. The librigena (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FD3BFD47FCEFFD22" box="[696,795,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="31.[151,239,1775,1795]" captionText="FIGURE 6. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 7. Cranidium, SUI 125603, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 8. Cranidium, SUI 125604, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 3, 6. Left librigena, SUI 125605, external and ventrolateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 9. Right librigena, SUI 125606, external view, x10 (H 187.4 m). 10, 13. Cranidium, SUI 125607, dorsal and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 11, 14, 17, 20. Cranidium, SUI 125608, dorsal, ventral, anterior, and left lateral views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 12, 15. Right librigena, SUI 125609, external and ventrolateral views, x10 (H 187.4 m). 16, 19, 22. Cranidium, SUI 125610, dorsal, anterior, and left lateral views, x20 (H 185.6 m). 18, 21, 24. Right librigena, SUI 125611, external, internal, and ventrolateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 23. Left librigena, SUI 125612, external view, x10 (H 187.4 m)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 6.3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FCA4FD47FCADFD22" box="[807,857,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="33.[151,239,1481,1501]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1459]" captionTargetId="figure-164@33.[151,1436,190,1459]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 7. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1. Right librigena, SUI 125613, external view, x12. 2, 5. Right librigena, SUI 125614, external and ventrolateral views, x15. 3. Right librigena, SUI 125615, external view, x12. 4. Right librigena, SUI 125616, external view, x12. 6. Right librigena, SUI 125617, external view, x15. 7, 10. Right librigena, SUI 125618, external and ventrolateral views, x15. 8, 11. Right librigena, SUI 125619, external and internal views, x15. 9. Left librigena, SUI 125620, external view, x15. 12. Right librigena, SUI 125621, external view, x15. 13. Right librigena, SUI 125622, external view, x12. 14. Left librigena, SUI 125623, external view, x12. 15. Right librigena, SUI 125624, external view, x15. 16. Left librigena, SUI 125625, external view, x20." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">7.16</figureCitation>
|
||
) changes only subtly in the specimens available for study. The librigenal field increases slightly in height and overall area, and its pitting deepens slightly. The lateral border furrow is somewhat wider and deeper in larger specimens. The lateral border widens and inflates slightly, and the anterior curve (along the outer rim of the anterior projection and on toward the main part of the border) steepens. Not enough information is known about the thoracic segments to discuss their ontogenetic changes. Pygidial changes (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FE04FC8CFE0CFCD9" box="[391,504,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="35.[151,239,1804,1824]" captionText="FIGURE 10. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 8, 10, 11. Pygidium, holotype, SUI 125637, dorsal, ventral, posterior, anterior, and left lateral views, x10 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 6. Pygidium, SUI 125638, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x10 (H 185.6 m). 3, 7, 9, 13. Pygidium, SUI 125639, dorsal, ventral, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 15, 16. Pygidium, SUI 125640, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 14, 18, 21. Pygidium, SUI 125641, dorsal, posterior, and right lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 17, 20, 24. Pygidium, SUI 125642, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 22, 23. Pygidium, SUI 125643, dorsal, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 10.1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FD80FC8CFDC0FCD9" box="[515,564,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="37.[151,239,998,1018]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,977]" captionTargetId="figure-267@37.[151,1436,190,977]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 11. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 5, 12. Pygidium, SUI 125644, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12. 2, 6, 9. Pygidium, SUI 125645, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12. 3, 7, 10. Pygidium, SUI 125646, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 4, 8, 11. Pygidium, SUI 125647, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x15. 13-15. Pygidium, SUI 125648, right lateral, posterior, and dorsal views, x15." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">11.4</figureCitation>
|
||
) are also fairly subtle. The axis becomes broader, with more inflated rings and longer inter-ring furrows; the axial furrows widen; the terminal piece increases in size (length and width) and its indentations increase in complexity (one pair versus two); the degree of spinal splay increases; the spines lengthen compared to the sagittal length of the pygidium; and the ends of the third and fourth spines develop coarse granules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C308BBA8A7056720FF44FC3FFAB0FA61" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADE823A7056720FF44FC3FFF3EFBF9" blockId="9.[151,1440,151,1508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FF44FC3FFEB8FB95" bold="true" box="[199,332,1015,1040]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The pairs of terminal piece indentations (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FCEBFC3FFC28FB8A" box="[872,988,1015,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="35.[151,239,1804,1824]" captionText="FIGURE 10. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 8, 10, 11. Pygidium, holotype, SUI 125637, dorsal, ventral, posterior, anterior, and left lateral views, x10 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 6. Pygidium, SUI 125638, dorsal, left lateral, and posterior views, x10 (H 185.6 m). 3, 7, 9, 13. Pygidium, SUI 125639, dorsal, ventral, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 15, 16. Pygidium, SUI 125640, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 14, 18, 21. Pygidium, SUI 125641, dorsal, posterior, and right lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 17, 20, 24. Pygidium, SUI 125642, dorsal, posterior, and left lateral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 22, 23. Pygidium, SUI 125643, dorsal, right lateral, and posterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 10.14</figureCitation>
|
||
) may represent poorly developed interring furrows for unexpressed fifth and sixth axial rings that have been subsumed into the terminal piece. The right L1 of the cranidium of
|
||
<figureCitation id="1329F4A6A7056720FE19FBF7FE04FBD2" box="[410,496,1087,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="31.[151,239,151,171]" captionText="FIGURE 5. Panisaspis millardensis n. sp., from Section H, 185.6 m and 187.4 m, Fillmore Formation (Blackhillsian; Strigigenalis plicolabeona Zone), southern Confusion Range, Ibex area, Millard County, western Utah, USA. 1, 4, 7, 10, 15. Cranidium, SUI 125596, dorsal, right lateral, oblique, anterior, and ventral views, x7.5 (H 187.4 m). 2, 5, 8. Cranidium, SUI 125597, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 3, 6, 9. Cranidium, SUI 125598, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x15 (H 185.6 m). 11, 13, 14. Cranidium, SUI 125599, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 12, 14, 17. Cranidium, SUI 125600, dorsal, left lateral, and anterior views, x12 (H 185.6 m). 18, 21–23. Cranidium, SUI 125601, dorsal, left lateral, anterior, and ventral views, x12 (H 187.4 m). 19, 20, 24. Cranidium, SUI 125602, right lateral, dorsal, and anterior views, x12 (H 187.4 m)." pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5.2</figureCitation>
|
||
is deformed; it is smaller than the left L1 and S1 is longer on that side in compensation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BADE823A7056720FF44FB40FAB0FA61" blockId="9.[151,1440,151,1508]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FF44FB40FE24FB25" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[199,464,1160,1184]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="millardensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FF44FB40FE24FB25" box="[199,464,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Panisaspis millardensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to its sister taxon,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FCCDFB41FC17FB1A" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[846,995,1160,1184]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sevierensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FCCDFB41FC17FB1A" box="[846,995,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. sevierensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and they are compared in the differential description of the latter species. It is also compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FCBDFB65FC18FB41" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[830,1004,1196,1220]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rancherensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FCBDFB65FC18FB41" box="[830,1004,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. rancherensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the discussion section of the latter.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FF14FB18FE54FB6D" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,416,1232,1256]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="millardensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FF14FB18FE54FB6D" box="[151,416,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Panisaspis millardensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs substantially from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FD49FB19FCA2FB6D" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[714,854,1232,1256]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisapsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deltaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FD49FB19FCA2FB6D" box="[714,854,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. deltaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the next most similar species. The cranidium of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FA04FB19FEF3FA89" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisapsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deltaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FA04FB19FEF3FA89" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. deltaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not as well known, but its frontal lobe is smaller, L1 is bigger relative to the other lobes, the fixigenae are slightly narrower and longer, and the genal spine is much wider at the base.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FBABFAD0FAEEFAB5" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[1064,1306,1304,1328]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deltaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FBABFAD0FAEEFAB5" box="[1064,1306,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Panisaspis deltaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a long, narrow, rectangular plesiomorphic hypostome, with a narrow lateral border and small spines along the borders. Its librigena is wider and more elongate than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FD3EFAA9FC96FAFD" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[701,866,1376,1400]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="millardensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FD3EFAA9FC96FAFD" box="[701,866,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. millardensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, without a pronounced curve near the anterior projection. Pygidia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FEF7FA4DFDECFA19" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[372,536,1412,1436]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="millardensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FEF7FA4DFDECFA19" box="[372,536,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. millardensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are narrower and longer than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1293A0A7056720FC48FA4DFBA3FA19" authorityName="Neo & Adrain" authorityYear="2011" box="[971,1111,1412,1436]" class="Trilobita" family="Pliomeridae" genus="Panisaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phacopida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deltaensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9663431A7056720FC48FA4DFBA3FA19" box="[971,1111,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. deltaensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a larger, more strongly and complexly impressed terminal piece; much shorter third spines and somewhat longer fourth spines (relative to each other and to pygidial length); and possess coarse granules near the ends of the third and fourth spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |