332 lines
30 KiB
XML
332 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1014.60426" ID-GBIF-Dataset="97cd82f3-4a3a-43ca-a68f-92a5a2074d07" ID-PMC="PMC7875960" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1014-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="62961664CAED5F15B9C8A9990D7D388D" ID-PubMed="33603534" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1014-1" checkinTime="1612410909014" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Achterberg, Cornelis van" docDate="2021" docId="9F06F584F07153C095992A3C7AA826CA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1014: 1-118" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1014" docPubDate="2021-02-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1014.60426" docTitle="Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer 1894" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="62961664CAED5F15B9C8A9990D7D388D" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="62961664CAED5F15B9C8A9990D7D388D" masterDocTitle="The tribe Phanerotomini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) of the Arabian Peninsula, with special reference to the United Arab Emirates and Yemen" masterLastPageNumber="118" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668149759257" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The tribe Phanerotomini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Cheloninae) of the Arabian Peninsula, with special reference to the United Arab Emirates and Yemen</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Achterberg, Cornelis van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6495-4853</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, the Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kees@vanachterberg.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-02-03</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1014</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>118</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1014.60426</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1014.60426</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1014-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">62961664CAED5F15B9C8A9990D7D388D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177209561" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F06F584F07153C095992A3C7AA826CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F06F584F07153C095992A3C7AA826CA" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="9F06F584-F071-53C0-9599-2A3C7AA826CA" authority="Kriechbaumer, 1894" authorityName="Kriechbaumer" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma leucobasis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucobasis">Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer, 1894</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 194–198" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figures 194 - 198. Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer. ♀ (but 195 ♂), Yemen 194 habitus lateral 195 middle tibia lateral 196 hind leg lateral 197 apical half of antenna lateral 198 middle tibia lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures194-198" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504652" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 194-198</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 199–208" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 199 - 208. Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer, ♀, Yemen 199 wings 200 mesosoma dorsal 201 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 202 metasoma lateral 203 hind leg lateral 204 head dorsal 205 head anterior 206 head lateral 207 antenna lateral 208 apical half of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures199-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 199-208</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriechbaumer" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma leucobasis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucobasis">Phanerotoma leucobasis</taxonomicName>
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Kriechbaumer, 1894: 62;
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<bibRefCitation author="Shenefelt, RD" journalOrPublisher="Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="813 - 936" refId="B21" refString="Shenefelt, RD, 1973. Braconidae 6. Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio) 10: 813 - 936" title="Braconidae 6." volume="10" year="1973">Shenefelt 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 919;
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<bibRefCitation author="van Achterberg, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B34" refString="van Achterberg, C, Polaszek, A, 1996. The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 304: 1 - 123" title="The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea)." volume="304" year="1996">van Achterberg and Polaszek 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 55-56.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Saeger" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma ornatulopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornatulopsis">Phanerotoma ornatulopsis</taxonomicName>
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De Saeger, 1948: 164, 186-188;
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<bibRefCitation author="Shenefelt, RD" journalOrPublisher="Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="813 - 936" refId="B21" refString="Shenefelt, RD, 1973. Braconidae 6. Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio) 10: 813 - 936" title="Braconidae 6." volume="10" year="1973">Shenefelt 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 921;
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<bibRefCitation author="van Achterberg, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B34" refString="van Achterberg, C, Polaszek, A, 1996. The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 304: 1 - 123" title="The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea)." volume="304" year="1996">van Achterberg and Polaszek 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 55 [examined].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="tshegera" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma ornatulopsis subsp. race" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ornatulopsis" subSpecies="race">Phanerotoma ornatulopsis race tshegera</taxonomicName>
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De Saeger, 1948: 164, 188-190;
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<bibRefCitation author="Shenefelt, RD" journalOrPublisher="Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="813 - 936" refId="B21" refString="Shenefelt, RD, 1973. Braconidae 6. Hymenopterorum Catalogus (nova editio) 10: 813 - 936" title="Braconidae 6." volume="10" year="1973">Shenefelt 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 921. Invalid name.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hedqvist" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma caboverdensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">Phanerotoma caboverdensis</taxonomicName>
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Hedqvist, 1965: 9;
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<bibRefCitation author="Zettel, H" journalOrPublisher="Linzer biologische Beitraege" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="275 - 330" refId="B41" refString="Zettel, H, 1992. Revision der Phanerotoma -Arten Nordamerikas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Cheloninae). Linzer biologische Beitraege 24: 275 - 330" title="Revision der Phanerotoma - Arten Nordamerikas (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Cheloninae)." volume="24" year="1992">Zettel 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 293 (as synonym of
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. flavitestacea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="flavitestacea">P. flavitestacea</taxonomicName>
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Fischer). Syn. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The holotype of
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. leucobasis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="leucobasis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. leucobasis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Nigeria</emphasis>
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is lost; but a ♀ from the neighbour country
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Benin</emphasis>
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(RMNH) agrees with the original description and belongs to the rather pigmented form with distinct subbasal dark brown patch of hind tibia as in
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. caboverdensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The holotypes of
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ornatulopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ornatulopsis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ornatulopsis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. caboverdensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have been examined.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Additional material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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From
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Saudi Arabia</emphasis>
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(Jizan, ex leaftying Pyralid on
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Tamaricaceae" genus="Tamarix" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tamarix" order="Violales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tamarix</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Hail, ex Pyralid on
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<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Euphorbia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Euphorbia retusa" order="Geraniales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="retusa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Euphorbia retusa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; Al Kharj, from grapes infested by
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gregson" baseAuthorityYear="1871" class="Hexapoda" family="Pyralidae" genus="Cadra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cadra figulilella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="figulilella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cadra figulilella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Gr.; Hakimah; Wadi Uqdah; 16 km W Badr Hunayn; Wadi Daykah, 600 m),
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Yemen</emphasis>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ta’izz">Ta'izz</normalizedToken>
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;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mayfa’ah">Mayfa'ah</normalizedToken>
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; Al Lahima; Al Kowd; Al Kadan; Jafa (ex
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Warren" authorityYear="1896" class="Hexapoda" family="Crambidae" genus="Prophantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prophantis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prophantis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp.); near Madinat ash Shirq (ex
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" class="Hexapoda" family="Crambidae" genus="Prophantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prophantis smaragdina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prophantis smaragdina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Butler, 1875) in coffee beans); Seyun;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sana’a">Sana'a</normalizedToken>
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;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Hamman’Ali">Hamman'Ali</normalizedToken>
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) and
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">United Arab Emirates</emphasis>
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(Fujairah; NARC near Sweihan; al-Ajban; Sharjah Desert Park; Wadi Bih dam; Sharjah x Khor Kalba; Hatta; Wadi Safad; Wadi Majdaq).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures194-198" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504652" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 194–198" startId="F29">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 194-198.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriechbaumer" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma leucobasis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucobasis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phanerotoma leucobasis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Kriechbaumer. ♀ (but
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">195</emphasis>
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♂), Yemen
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">194</emphasis>
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habitus lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">195</emphasis>
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middle tibia lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">196</emphasis>
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hind leg lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">197</emphasis>
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apical half of antenna lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">198</emphasis>
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middle tibia lateral.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Area above eye of ♀ in lateral view 0.38-0.45
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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height of eye; ocelli medium-sized (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 199–208" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 199 - 208. Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer, ♀, Yemen 199 wings 200 mesosoma dorsal 201 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 202 metasoma lateral 203 hind leg lateral 204 head dorsal 205 head anterior 206 head lateral 207 antenna lateral 208 apical half of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures199-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">204</figureCitation>
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); OOL 2.8-3.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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diameter of posterior ocellus; POL of ♀ 0.6-0.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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diameter of posterior ocellus; posterior ocelli distinctly larger than anterior ocellus (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 199–208" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 199 - 208. Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer, ♀, Yemen 199 wings 200 mesosoma dorsal 201 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 202 metasoma lateral 203 hind leg lateral 204 head dorsal 205 head anterior 206 head lateral 207 antenna lateral 208 apical half of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures199-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">204</figureCitation>
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); length of eye in dorsal view of ♀ 1.6-1.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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temple (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 199–208" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 199 - 208. Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer, ♀, Yemen 199 wings 200 mesosoma dorsal 201 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 202 metasoma lateral 203 hind leg lateral 204 head dorsal 205 head anterior 206 head lateral 207 antenna lateral 208 apical half of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures199-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">204</figureCitation>
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); anterior half of vein 1-M of fore wing dark brown, slightly paler than vein 1-CU1; subapical antennal segments of ♀ non-moniliform, somewhat longer than wide; antenna of ♀ moderately and gradually narrowed apically; head distinctly emarginate posteriorly in dorsal view; scapus, temple dorsally and frons medially sometimes brownish; length of ivory part of hind tibia usually medium-sized, in dorsal view ca. 0.45
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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||
as long as tibia and tibia wide medially; dorsal border of third tergite in lateral view rather flat to rather convex; hind femur slightly less widened compared to
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<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ocularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ocularis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ocularis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 199–208" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 199 - 208. Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer, ♀, Yemen 199 wings 200 mesosoma dorsal 201 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 202 metasoma lateral 203 hind leg lateral 204 head dorsal 205 head anterior 206 head lateral 207 antenna lateral 208 apical half of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures199-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">203</figureCitation>
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); hind tibia tricoloured in lateral view, but in Cabo Verdean specimens more or less bicoloured; dorsal border of third tergite in lateral view distinctly convex (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 199–208" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 199 - 208. Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer, ♀, Yemen 199 wings 200 mesosoma dorsal 201 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 202 metasoma lateral 203 hind leg lateral 204 head dorsal 205 head anterior 206 head lateral 207 antenna lateral 208 apical half of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures199-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">202</figureCitation>
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); third metasomal tergite 1.6-1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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second tergite; malar space medium-sized; third tergite of ♀ slightly concave medio-posteriorly and tergite in dorsal view semi-circular, 0.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as its basal width (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 199–208" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figures 199 - 208. Phanerotoma leucobasis Kriechbaumer, ♀, Yemen 199 wings 200 mesosoma dorsal 201 first-third metasomal tergites dorsal 202 metasoma lateral 203 hind leg lateral 204 head dorsal 205 head anterior 206 head lateral 207 antenna lateral 208 apical half of antenna lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures199-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">201</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys..60426.figures199-208" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/504653" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figures 199–208" startId="F30">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figures 199-208.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriechbaumer" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma leucobasis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucobasis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phanerotoma leucobasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kriechbaumer, ♀, Yemen
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">199</emphasis>
|
||
wings
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">200</emphasis>
|
||
mesosoma dorsal
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">201</emphasis>
|
||
first-third metasomal tergites dorsal
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">202</emphasis>
|
||
metasoma lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">203</emphasis>
|
||
hind leg lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">204</emphasis>
|
||
head dorsal
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">205</emphasis>
|
||
head anterior
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">206</emphasis>
|
||
head lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">207</emphasis>
|
||
antenna lateral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">208</emphasis>
|
||
apical half of antenna lateral.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Specimens from Cabo Verde (including holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. caboverdensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hedqvist, 1965) and Somalia have hind tibia usually with long ivory part (0.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of tibia) in dorsal view; scapus yellowish and just surpassing level of posterior ocellus, head in dorsal view 1.9-2.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
its median length, marginal cell ca. 2.8
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as high, parastigma partly yellowish, length of body of ♀ 3.7-4.8 mm and vein 1-R1 of fore wing 4.5-5.0
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
distance from it to wing apex, but specimens from in Somalia (♀) have vein 1-R1 of fore wing ca. 3.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
distance from it to wing apex. The holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. leucobasis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="leucobasis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. leucobasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Nigeria is lost, according to the original description it belonged to the rather pigmented form with distinct subbasal dark brown patch of hind tibia as seen in the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. caboverdensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="caboverdensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. caboverdensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ornatulopsis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ornatulopsis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ornatulopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(including
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“race”">"race"</normalizedToken>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma tshegera" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tshegera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phanerotoma tshegera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) De Saeger, 1948, from Congo and therefore, are considered synonyms. Specimens from Congo have the metasoma 1.8-1.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than wide, combined length of first and second tergites 1.2-1.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as third tergite, middle tarsus sometimes slender and ivory part of hind tibia rather short (0.3
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length tibia).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">*Saudi Arabia, * United Arab Emirates, *Yemen, Afrotropical region.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Parasitoid of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Butler" authorityYear="1875" class="Hexapoda" family="Crambidae" genus="Prophantis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Prophantis smaragdina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smaragdina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Prophantis smaragdina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Butler) (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Crambidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in coffee beans (new record),
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Paramyelois" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paramyelois transitella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transitella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paramyelois transitella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Walker),
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zeller" baseAuthorityYear="1839" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Ectomyelois" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ectomyelois ceratoniae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceratoniae">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ectomyelois ceratoniae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Zeller), (in laboratory)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Pyralidae" genus="Ephestia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephestia kuehniella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuehniella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ephestia kuehniella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Zeller) and
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Pyralidae" genus="Cadra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cadra calidella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calidella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Cadra calidella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guinée">Guinee</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Saunders" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" genus="Platyedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Platyedra gossypiella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gossypiella">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Platyedra gossypiella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Saunders) (
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Stainton" authorityYear="1854" class="Insecta" family="Gelechiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gelechiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The flange at the third tergite apically may be narrow to rather wide and straight or somewhat emarginate, as shown by the reared series. The shape of the third tergite (especially of males) is rather variable, from rather convex and truncate to distinctly flattened in lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Kriechbaumer" authorityYear="1894" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phanerotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Phanerotoma leucobasis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucobasis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phanerotoma leucobasis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kriechbaumer was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ocularis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ocularis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. ocularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="van Achterberg, C" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B34" refString="van Achterberg, C, Polaszek, A, 1996. The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden 304: 1 - 123" title="The parasites of cereal stem borers (Lepidoptera: Cossidae, Crambidae, Noctuidae, Pyralidae) in Africa, belonging to the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea)." volume="304" year="1996">van Achterberg and Polaszek (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but after examination of more West African and Arabian specimens it was possible to separate this often more pigmented taxon as a separate species because of the smaller eyes and ocelli in combination with a slenderer female antenna.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |