treatments-xml/data/74/02/87/740287FA557EFFE6FF75E24AA4E8E5C6.xml

<document id="BBD356AB6FC61DEAC47F6538EAA06E75" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.197448" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f404d861-6038-451d-b7d6-a76a97606159" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="197448" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460270039427" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Coloma, Luis A., Duellman, William E., C, Ana Almendáriz, Ron, Santiago R., Terán-Valdez, Andrea &amp; Guayasamin, Juan M." docDate="2010" docId="740287FA557EFFE6FF75E24AA4E8E5C6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02574p054.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2574" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Atelopus podocarpus Coloma, Duellman, C, Ron, Terán-Valdez &amp; Guayasamin, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="883BFF825565FFC7FFE2E65FA05DE009" masterDocTitle="Five new (extinct?) species of Atelopus (Anura: Bufonidae) from Andean Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1698246553572" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="FF2D779D6086AF9BE87A354AA8591D11">Five new (extinct?) species of Atelopus (Anura: Bufonidae) from Andean Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A0EA86EC8B99B67DBAE60BF3D7469272">Coloma, Luis A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ACCCCCBE7A0EEDBBBCCE2930E322EF0A">Duellman, William E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="73FCEB0F12A1B571258FC5639A27F57F">C, Ana Almendáriz</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6262C31C112B7E635DFADADA0487CC3F">Ron, Santiago R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1C7A0736C913CD1AE1CCC2C8A373D0C6">Terán-Valdez, Andrea</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4F85D51F3F4FC9563FD2ABF05DE8F316">Guayasamin, Juan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="454369DAACD1A4134FCA7A849C9A13A5">2010</mods:date>
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<treatment id="740287FA557EFFE6FF75E24AA4E8E5C6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6202186" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119394973" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6202186" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:740287FA557EFFE6FF75E24AA4E8E5C6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/740287FA557EFFE6FF75E24AA4E8E5C6" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="B4B16567557EFFDCFF75E24AA1A4E426" box="[151,505,1045,1071]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557EFFDCFF75E24AA1A4E426" blockId="27.[151,505,1045,1071]" box="[151,505,1045,1071]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="A75C8180557EFFDCFF75E24AA1A4E426" bold="true" box="[151,505,1045,1071]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFF75E24AA1A4E426" bold="true" box="[151,505,1045,1071]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F557EFFDCFF75E24AA1C9E426" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[151,404,1045,1071]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFF75E24AA1C9E426" bold="true" box="[151,404,1045,1071]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5EC5785557EFFDCFE79E24AA1A4E426" box="[411,505,1045,1071]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B4B16567557EFFDCFF75E23FA1AEE713" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557EFFDCFF75E23FA54CE496" blockId="27.[151,1436,1120,2016]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFF75E23FA14DE473" bold="true" box="[151,272,1120,1146]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="2310884E557EFFDCFF75E23FA156E473" box="[151,267,1120,1146]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="9ABAAE29557EFFDCFEFBE23FA134E473" box="[281,361,1120,1146]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">QCAZ</collectionCode>
6801, adult female, from Lagunas del Compadre (
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFC24E23FA443E473" box="[966,1054,1120,1146]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-4.1666665">4°10' S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFBCFE23FA4C2E473" box="[1069,1183,1120,1146]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-79.1">79°06' W</geoCoordinate>
; ca. 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFB35E23FA569E473" box="[1239,1332,1120,1146]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="3300.0">3300 m</quantity>
), Parque Nacional 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F557EFFDCFEEAE2DAA1C9E496" box="[264,404,1157,1183]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
, Provincia Loja, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFDB9E2DAA2E2E496" box="[603,703,1157,1183]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, collected on 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFC82E2DAA46CE496" box="[864,1073,1157,1183]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1994-12-01">1 December 1994</date>
by Jenny Rudston.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557EFFDCFF24E2F5A3CEE68D" blockId="27.[151,1436,1120,2016]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFF24E2F5A116E4CD" bold="true" box="[198,331,1194,1220]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="2310884E557EFFDCFF24E2F5A11BE4CD" box="[198,326,1194,1220]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="9ABAAE29557EFFDCFEB5E2F5A1D3E4CD" box="[343,398,1194,1220]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y3s2-2p0h" name="Escuela Polytecnica Nacional" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">EPN</collectionCode>
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFE79E2F5A259E4CD" box="[411,516,1194,1220]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1223" valueMax="1226">1223–26</date>
, from Lagunas del Compadre (
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFC6BE2F5A453E4CD" box="[905,1038,1194,1220]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-4.172222">4°10'20&quot; S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFBC2E2F5A4E2E4CD" box="[1056,1215,1194,1220]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-79.111664">79°06'42&quot; W</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFB32E2F5A56DE4CD" box="[1232,1328,1194,1220]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="3400.0">3400 m</quantity>
), Parque Nacional 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F557EFFDCFEEAE28FA1C9E4E3" box="[264,404,1232,1258]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
, Provincia Loja, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFDBEE28FA2E2E4E3" box="[604,703,1232,1258]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, no collection date stated on field notes, but possibly collected on 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFF5FE2AAA1DCE506" box="[189,385,1269,1295]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1981-09">September 1981</date>
, by Luis H. Albuja V.; 
<collectionCode id="9ABAAE29557EFFDCFD7FE2AAA289E506" box="[669,724,1269,1295]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y3s2-2p0h" name="Escuela Polytecnica Nacional" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">EPN</collectionCode>
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFD3CE2AAA31AE506" box="[734,839,1269,1295]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="2143" valueMax="2145">2143–45</date>
, from Cerro Toledo (
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFBA5E2AAA4FDE506" box="[1095,1184,1269,1295]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-4.383333">4°23' S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFB4DE2AAA57FE506" box="[1199,1314,1269,1295]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-79.1">79°06' W</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFAD2E2AAA5D3E506" box="[1328,1422,1269,1295]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</quantity>
), Provincia Loja, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFEB5E345A1E6E53D" box="[343,443,1306,1332]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, collected on 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFD81E345A316E53D" box="[611,843,1306,1332]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1981-09-11">11 September 1981</date>
by Luis H. Albuja V.; 
<collectionCode id="9ABAAE29557EFFDCFB81E345A4C7E53D" box="[1123,1178,1306,1332]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y3s2-2p0h" name="Escuela Polytecnica Nacional" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">EPN</collectionCode>
3235, 3237, Mirador path nearby the Centro Administrativo Cajanuma of the Parque Nacional 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F557EFFDCFC1CE31FA4DAE553" box="[1022,1159,1344,1370]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
(
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFB7AE31FA544E553" box="[1176,1305,1344,1370]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-3.9691668">3°58'09&quot; S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFAC5E31FA0E8E576" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-79.134995">79°08'06&quot; W</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFF26E33AA131E576" box="[196,364,1381,1407]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.92" metricValueMax="2.9899999999999998" metricValueMin="2.85" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2920.0" valueMax="2990.0" valueMin="2850.0">2850–2990 m</quantity>
), Provincia Loja, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFDAAE33AA2F1E576" box="[584,684,1381,1407]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, obtained on 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFCB3E33AA43AE576" box="[849,1127,1381,1407]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1986-11-16" valueMax="1986-11-18" valueMin="1986-11-16">16–18 November 1986</date>
by Ana Almendariz; KU 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFF75E3D5A0AFE5AD" box="[151,242,1418,1444]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="89-12-03">120389</date>
, from 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFEDCE3D5A1D5E5AD" box="[318,392,1418,1444]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
east of Loja (
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFDC8E3D5A2D5E5AD" box="[554,648,1418,1444]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2700.0">2700 m</quantity>
), Provincia Zamora Chinchipe, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFC1CE3D5A43FE5AD" box="[1022,1122,1418,1444]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, obtained on 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFB1DE3D5A5C1E5AD" box="[1279,1436,1418,1444]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1968-06-10">10 June 1968</date>
by John D. Lynch; KU 165004–5, from 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFD94E3EFA29FE5C3" box="[630,706,1456,1482]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
east of Loja (
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFC8BE3EFA39CE5C3" box="[873,961,1456,1482]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-3.9666667">3°58' S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFC2DE3EFA419E5C3" box="[975,1092,1456,1482]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-79.1">79°06' W</geoCoordinate>
), Abra de Zamora, Provincia Loja, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFF39E38AA11DE5E6" box="[219,320,1493,1519]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
; KU 178418, from Provincia Zamora Chinchipe: 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFC60E38AA3BFE5E6" box="[898,994,1493,1519]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="13.7">13.7 km</quantity>
east of Loja (
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFB60E38AA485E5E6" box="[1154,1240,1493,1519]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-3.9666667">3°58' S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFB06E38AA508E5E6" box="[1252,1365,1493,1519]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-79.1">79°06' W</geoCoordinate>
), Provincia Loja, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFEC8E3A5A1CDE61D" box="[298,400,1530,1556]" name="Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
; KU 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFE2FE3A5A27AE61D" box="[461,551,1530,1556]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="15-11-20">201115</date>
–7, from 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFD6DE3A5A2BCE61D" box="[655,737,1530,1556]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="km" value="3.7">3.7 km</quantity>
south of Saraguro (
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFC2BE3A5A417E61D" box="[969,1098,1530,1556]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-3.6469443">3°38'49&quot; S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFBB5E3A5A4ACE61D" box="[1111,1265,1530,1556]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="15" value="-79.244995">79°14'42&quot; W</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFB1FE3A5A504E61D" box="[1277,1369,1530,1556]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</quantity>
), collected on 0 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFEF8E07FA19DE633" box="[282,448,1568,1594]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1984-03-08">8 March 1984</date>
by J. E. Simmons; 
<collectionCode id="9ABAAE29557EFFDCFD4BE07FA2A4E633" box="[681,761,1568,1594]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kwpg-nhbg" name="Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">QCAZ</collectionCode>
2838 (cleared and double stained skeleton), from Centro Administrativo Cajanuma (
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFE3EE01AA26BE656" box="[476,566,1605,1631]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-4.116667">4°07' S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="999F502B557EFFDCFDA4E01AA2E7E656" box="[582,698,1605,1631]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-79.15">79°09' W</geoCoordinate>
; 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFD2AE01AA37AE656" box="[712,807,1605,1631]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2800.0">2800 m</quantity>
), Parque Nacional 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F557EFFDCFBECE01AA4C7E656" box="[1038,1178,1605,1631]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
, obtained on 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFADDE01AA08FE68D" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1987-06-25">25 June 1987</date>
by Luis A. Coloma, Mario García Saltos, and Renato León.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557EFFDCFF24E0CFA1AEE713" blockId="27.[151,1436,1120,2016]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFF24E0CFA19BE6A3" bold="true" box="[198,454,1680,1706]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Referred specimens.</emphasis>
KU 196633–40, from west slope Cerro Chinguela on Huancabamba–San Ignacio trail, Departamento Piura, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFE31E0EAA251E6C6" box="[467,524,1717,1743]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
, obtained on 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFD4FE0EAA3FFE6C6" box="[685,930,1717,1743]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1977-10-14" valueMax="1977-10-15" valueMin="1977-10-14">14–15 October 1977</date>
by Gary R. Graves; KU 196641–42, from Cerro Chinguela, 5 Km NE Zapalache, 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFD8FE085A297E6FD" box="[621,714,1754,1780]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="2900.0">2900 m</quantity>
, Departamento Piura, 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C557EFFDCFC30E085A456E6FD" box="[978,1035,1754,1780]" name="Peru" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Peru</collectingCountry>
, obtained on 
<date id="8815102C557EFFDCFB48E085A5C1E6FD" box="[1194,1436,1754,1780]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1980-07-13" valueMax="1980-07-20" valueMin="1980-07-13">13 and 20 July 1980</date>
respectively, by L. J. Barkley.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B4B16567557EFFDBFF24E17AA256E14E" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557EFFDBFF24E17AA256E14E" blockId="27.[151,1436,1120,2016]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1436,152,1148]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFF24E17AA11BE736" bold="true" box="[198,326,1829,1855]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
(1) A species with mean SVL in adult females 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFC98E17AA3B9E736" box="[890,996,1829,1855]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.77" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="47.7">47.7 mm</quantity>
(39.5–52.9, SD = 3.1, 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFB16E179A55EE736" box="[1268,1283,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n</emphasis>
= 22) and in adult males 
<quantity id="3B539B09557EFFDCFECAE115A1CFE76D" box="[296,402,1866,1892]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.77" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="37.7">37.7 mm</quantity>
(34.4–40.9, SD = 2.6, 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFD45E114A2EBE76D" box="[679,694,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n</emphasis>
= 5); (2) hind limbs short, tibia length/SVL 0.322–0.424 (
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFA96E114A5DEE76D" box="[1396,1411,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">n</emphasis>
= 27); (3) phalangeal formula of hand 2-2-3-3; webbing absent; (4) foot webbing formula 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFB23E12DA48BE785" bold="true" box="[1217,1238,1906,1932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">I(</emphasis>
0)—(1) 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFACCE12DA513E785" bold="true" box="[1326,1358,1906,1932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">II(</emphasis>
1 1/2)— (3) 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFF5BE1C1A0B8E7B1" bold="true" box="[185,229,1950,1976]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">III(</emphasis>
1)—(3–) 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFEA8E1C1A136E7B1" bold="true" box="[330,363,1950,1976]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">IV</emphasis>
(2 2/3)—(1+) 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557EFFDCFE14E1C1A254E7B1" bold="true" box="[502,521,1950,1976]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">V</emphasis>
; (5) snout acuminate, protruding beyond lower jaw; (6) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus absent; (7) dorsal surfaces of body smooth; arms and legs surfaces warty; ventral surface weakly aerolate; (8) red-orange spiculae (cream in preservative) on flanks and some extending to the dorsum; (9) vertebral neural processes inconspicuous; postorbital and cranial crests present; (10) dorsum entirely black, flanks with or without cream marks; (11) no minute gray stippling on dorsum of body; (12) venter and throat pale green and cream (cream or yellow in preservative), with or without dark marks; (13) gular region lacking warts, spiculae, or coni.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B4B165675579FFDBFF24E70DA10EE475" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5579FFDBFF24E70DA10EE475" blockId="28.[151,1436,152,1148]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFF24E70DA19EE162" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[198,451,338,363]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFF24E70DA19EE162" box="[198,451,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D5EC57855579FFDBFE2CE70DA270E165" box="[462,557,338,364]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is most easily confused with 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFC43E70DA44BE162" ID-CoL="J926" box="[929,1046,338,363]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFC43E70DA44BE162" box="[929,1046,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the north and east-central flanks of the Ecuadorian Cordillera Oriental of the Andes. The two species have similar color patterns and body proportions. However, 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFE0FE7C2A2C7E1BF" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[493,666,413,438]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFE0FE7C2A2C7E1BF" box="[493,666,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily differentiated by having numerous minute brownred-orange spiculae (in life) on the flanks (18–71 spiculae on the flanks between the arms and legs counted in a straight line); in contrast, 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFE02E7B7A20FE208" ID-CoL="J926" box="[480,594,488,513]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFE02E7B7A20FE208" box="[480,594,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has white spiculae aggregated into few small warts (1–21 spiculae per wart; 8–15 warts on flanks between arms and legs counted in a straight line) (
<figureCitation id="64902A695579FFDBFBFDE452A4DDE22E" box="[1055,1152,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="28.[151,255,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1186,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,1180,1903]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 10. — Atelopus podocarpus from Parque Nacional Podocarpus, Provincia Loja, Ecuador: (A) EPN 3235 from Mirador path nearby the Centro Administrativo Cajanuma of the Parque Nacional Podocarpus, 2850 m; (B) EPN 1223 from El Compadre. Photos by AA and Luis H. Albuja V., respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197458/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="64902A695579FFDBFB6FE452A4F5E22E" box="[1165,1192,525,551]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="29.[151,255,957,981]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,194,951]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,194,954]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 11. — Lateral view of two species of Atelopus, with detail on the distribution of spiculae on flanks. (A) Atelopus podocarpus; (B) A. petersi. Note that multiple spiculae are clustered in A. petersi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197459/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">11</figureCitation>
A–B). 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFB1BE452A0ABE242" ID-CoL="J92C" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFB1BE452A0ABE242" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFE76E46DA21EE242" ID-CoL="J8XN" box="[404,579,562,587]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bomolochos">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFE76E46DA21EE242" box="[404,579,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. bomolochos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from the southern Andes of 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5579FFDBFC45E46DA457E245" box="[935,1034,562,588]" name="Ecuador" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
) and 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFBACE46DA5C1E245" ID-CoL="J8ZW" authority="O. Schmidt" authorityName="O. Schmidt" box="[1102,1436,562,588]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachydermus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFBACE46DA551E242" box="[1102,1292,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. pachydermus</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5579FFDBFAF7E46DA570E245" box="[1301,1325,562,588]" name="Iceland" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O</collectingCountry>
. Schmidt
</taxonomicName>
(from south Andean 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5579FFDBFE73E407A1AEE27B" box="[401,499,600,626]" name="Ecuador" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
and northern 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5579FFDBFD7FE407A288E27B" box="[669,725,600,626]" name="Peru" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Peru</collectingCountry>
) in the dorsal coloration in life; 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFBBCE407A556E278" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[1118,1291,600,625]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFBBCE407A556E278" box="[1118,1291,600,625]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a black dorsum, whereas 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFE8BE422A275E29F" ID-CoL="J8ZW" box="[361,552,637,662]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pachydermus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFE8BE422A275E29F" box="[361,552,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. pachydermus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a yellow and brown dorsum and 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFC0CE422A4C2E29F" ID-CoL="J8XN" box="[1006,1183,637,662]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bomolochos">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFC0CE422A4C2E29F" box="[1006,1183,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. bomolochos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a yellow to dark green dorsum (
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D5579FFDBFEA5E4FDA273E2B5" author="Coloma" box="[327,558,674,700]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Coloma, L. A., Lotters, S., Duellman, W. E. &amp; Miranda-Leiva, A. (2007) A taxonomic revision of Atelopus pachydermus, and description of two new (extinct?) species of Atelopus from Ecuador (Anura: Bufonidae). Zootaxa, 1557, 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="2007">
Coloma 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFE4FE4FDA1B5E2B2" box="[429,488,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
: 
<figureCitation id="64902A695579FFDBFDD0E4FDA228E2B5" box="[562,629,674,700]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,255,841,865]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,218,829]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[214,1372,218,829]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. — Intrapopulation color variation of Atelopus ardila from 12 km E of Pasto, Departamento Nariño, Colombia: (A) KU 169270; (B) KU 169272; (C) KU 169271; (D) KU 169273 (Photos by WED)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197451/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
A–D). 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFD2AE4FDA4FDE2B5" ID-CoL="J925" authority="Gray and Cannatella" authorityName="Gray and Cannatella" box="[712,1184,674,700]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruensis">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFD2AE4FDA3FAE2B2" box="[712,935,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Atelopus peruensis</emphasis>
Gray and Cannatella
</taxonomicName>
(from northern 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5579FFDBFABFE4FDA5C8E2B5" box="[1373,1429,674,700]" name="Peru" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Peru</collectingCountry>
) is slightly smaller than 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFE56E497A23FE2E8" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[436,610,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFE56E497A23FE2E8" box="[436,610,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SVL in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFD3BE497A331E2E8" ID-CoL="J925" box="[729,876,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruensis">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFD3BE497A331E2E8" box="[729,876,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. peruensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 
<quantity id="3B539B095579FFDBFC70E497A475E2EB" box="[914,1064,712,738]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0551" metricValueMax="9.779" metricValueMin="8.331199999999999" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="35.65" valueMax="38.5" valueMin="32.8">32.8–38.5 in</quantity>
adult males; 
<quantity id="3B539B095579FFDBFB2CE497A526E2EB" box="[1230,1403,712,738]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.18" metricValueMax="4.52" metricValueMin="3.84" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="41.8" valueMax="45.2" valueMin="38.4">38.4–45.2 mm</quantity>
in adult females; 
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D5579FFDBFEA7E4B2A1B0E30E" author="Venegas" box="[325,493,749,775]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Venegas, P. (2005) Atelopus peruensis. In: Rueda-Almonacid, J. V., Rodriguez-Mahecha, J. V., Marca, E. L., Lotters, S., Kahn, T. &amp; Angulo, A. (Eds.) Ranas Arlequines. Conservacion Internacional. Panamericana Formas e Impresos S. A., Bogota, Colombia, 150 pp." type="book" year="2005">Venegas 2005</bibRefCitation>
), has, in life, black flanks with white warts (red flanks in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFB7AE4B2A51EE30F" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[1176,1347,749,774]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFB7AE4B2A51EE30F" box="[1176,1347,749,774]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and a non-protruding snout (protruding in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFDA4E54DA2AFE322" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[582,754,786,811]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFDA4E54DA2AFE322" box="[582,754,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFCEEE54DA458E322" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[780,1029,786,811]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFCEEE54DA458E322" box="[780,1029,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFBA2E54DA489E322" ID-CoL="J8YV" box="[1088,1236,786,811]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignescens">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFBA2E54DA489E322" box="[1088,1236,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. ignescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from the northern Andes of 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5579FFDBFED9E567A1C3E35B" box="[315,414,824,850]" name="Ecuador" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
) are similar in size and coloration (in preservative), but 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFBA3E567A488E358" ID-CoL="J8YV" box="[1089,1237,824,849]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignescens">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFBA3E567A488E358" box="[1089,1237,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. ignescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears a patch of spiculae and coni on the gular and pectoral regions of females (absent in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFC0CE502A4C4E37F" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[1006,1177,861,886]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFC0CE502A4C4E37F" box="[1006,1177,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Genetically, 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFAA7E502A0A8E392" ID-CoL="J92C" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFAA7E502A0A8E392" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly differentiated from 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFDB5E5DDA470E392" box="[599,1069,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFDB5E5DDA2B3E392" ID-CoL="J8YV" box="[599,750,898,923]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ignescens">A. ignescens</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFD18E5DDA3F1E392" ID-CoL="J8XN" box="[762,940,898,923]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bomolochos">A. bomolochos</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFC5BE5DDA475E392" ID-CoL="J8ZS" box="[953,1064,898,923]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="onorei">A. onorei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFB8AE5DDA4A4E392" ID-CoL="J925" box="[1128,1273,898,923]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruensis">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFB8AE5DDA4A4E392" box="[1128,1273,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. peruensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A molecular phylogenetic analysis shows 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFE14E5F7A285E3CB" ID-CoL="J8YT" authority="Peters" authorityName="Peters" box="[502,728,936,962]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halihelos">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFE14E5F7A2DBE3C8" box="[502,646,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. halihelos</emphasis>
Peters
</taxonomicName>
as the sister species of 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFC1CE5F7A4FCE3C8" box="[1022,1185,936,961]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpu">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFC1CE5F7A4FCE3C8" box="[1022,1185,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s (
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D5579FFDBFB5DE5F7A08AE3EE" author="Guayasamin" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Guayasamin, J. M., Bonaccorso, E., Duellman, W. E. &amp; Coloma, L. A. (2010) Genetic differentiation in the nearly extinct harlequin toads (Bufonidae: Atelopus), with emphasis on the Atelopus ignescens and A. bomolochos species complexes. Zootaxa, 2574, 55 - 68." type="journal article" year="2010">
Guayasamin 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFABCE5F7A5C1E3C8" box="[1374,1436,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
). These two species are differentiated by size (male SVL of 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFC7EE592A41AE3EF" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[924,1095,973,998]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFC7EE592A41AE3EF" box="[924,1095,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
= 34.4–40.9 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFB06E592A4A1E3EF" box="[1252,1276,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">vs</emphasis>
<quantity id="3B539B095579FFDBFAE6E592A50BE3EE" box="[1284,1366,973,999]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4262" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="25.3">25.3 in</quantity>
<typeStatus id="2310884E5579FFDBFABCE592A094E405" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFF12E5ADA121E402" ID-CoL="J8YT" box="[240,380,1010,1035]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halihelos">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFF12E5ADA121E402" box="[240,380,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. halihelos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), color pattern (in preservative, black dorsum in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFC5EE5ADA43AE402" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[956,1127,1010,1035]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFC5EE5ADA43AE402" box="[956,1127,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, light brown dorsum in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFA61E5ADA15EE438" ID-CoL="J8YT" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halihelos">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFA61E5ADA15EE438" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. halihelos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the presence of a discontinuous dorsolateral line of warts in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFC37E247A43CE438" ID-CoL="J8YT" box="[981,1121,1048,1073]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halihelos">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFC37E247A43CE438" box="[981,1121,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. halihelos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(absent in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFB02E247A5D7E438" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[1248,1418,1048,1073]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFB02E247A5D7E438" box="[1248,1418,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and flanks with some warts with multiple spiculae in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFCE4E262A3CFE45F" ID-CoL="J8YT" box="[774,914,1085,1110]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="halihelos">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFCE4E262A3CFE45F" box="[774,914,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. halihelos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(warts never have more than one spiculae in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFF75E23CA11CE475" ID-CoL="J92C" box="[151,321,1123,1148]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFF75E23CA11CE475" box="[151,321,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="A8D466645579FFDBFF75E12FA3DAE7C1" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197458/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" targetBox="[151,1436,1186,1867]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5579FFDBFF75E12FA3DAE7C1" blockId="28.[151,1436,1904,1992]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFF75E12FA17CE781" bold="true" box="[151,289,1904,1928]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 10</emphasis>
.— 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFEA0E12EA27BE781" box="[322,550,1905,1928]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5579FFDBFEA0E12EA27BE781" box="[322,550,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Parque Nacional 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFCC1E12EA3FFE781" box="[803,930,1905,1928]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
, Provincia Loja, Ecuador: (A) EPN 3235 from Mirador path nearby the Centro Administrativo Cajanuma of the Parque Nacional 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5579FFDBFBF6E1CEA4A8E7A1" box="[1044,1269,1937,1960]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus, 2850 m</taxonomicName>
; (B) EPN 1223 from El Compadre. Photos by AA and Luis H. Albuja V., respectively.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A8D466645578FFDAFF75E5E2A476E3FD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197459/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[151,1436,194,951]" targetPageId="29">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5578FFDAFF75E5E2A476E3FD" blockId="29.[151,1436,957,1012]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFF75E5E2A142E3DC" bold="true" box="[151,287,957,981]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">FIGURE 11</emphasis>
.—Lateral view of two species of 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFD6CE5E2A2AFE3DD" box="[654,754,957,980]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5578FFDAFD6CE5E2A2B3E3DD" box="[654,750,957,980]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Atelopus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
with detail on the distribution of spiculae on flanks. (A) 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFAB9E5E2A117E3FD" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5578FFDAFAB9E5E2A11EE3FD" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Atelopus podocarpus</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
(B) 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5578FFDAFE98E582A1BCE3FD" box="[378,481,989,1012]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFE98E582A1BCE3FD" box="[378,481,989,1012]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">A. petersi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Note that multiple spiculae are clustered in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5578FFDAFC5CE582A47AE3FD" box="[958,1063,989,1012]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">A. petersi</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B4B165675578FFE6FF24E27FA301E12B" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5578FFDAFF24E27FA1B2E4EE" blockId="29.[151,1437,1056,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFF24E27FA1ABE433" bold="true" box="[198,502,1056,1082]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Description of 
<typeStatus id="2310884E5578FFDAFE66E27FA1ACE433" box="[388,497,1056,1082]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="64902A695578FFDAFDEBE27FA237E433" box="[521,618,1056,1082]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="30.[151,255,1945,1969]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,151,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,47,1949]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURE 12. — Holotype of Atelopus podocarpus (QCAZ 6801): (A) adult female, SVL = 50.8 mm; (B) ventral view of right hand, enlarged 3.3 times of A; (C) ventral view of right foot; enlarged 3.3 times of A." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197460/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
A–C, virtual animation). Female. Head about as long as wide; head length and head width less than one third SVL (HLSQ/SVL = 0.276; HDWD/SVL = 0.278); snout acuminate in dorsal view, protruding beyond anterior margin of jaw; nostrils slightly protuberant; canthus rostralis distinct; loreal region concave, lips flared; interorbital region flat and smooth, eyelid without tubercles; postorbital and cranial crests present; tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus absent, tympanic area warty; postorbital and cranial crests.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5578FFDAFF24E2AFA111E60B" blockId="29.[151,1437,1056,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Forearm relatively short (RDUL/SVL = 0.291); palmar tubercle round; supernumerary palmar tubercles present; subarticular tubercles not prominent; digital tips with round pads; thumb relatively long (THBL/ HAND = 0.677) having two phalanges; hand webbing absent; fingers lacking lateral fringes; length of fingers II&lt;III&lt;V&lt;IV. Tibia relatively short (tibia/SVL = 0.335); outer metatarsal tubercle conical, inner metatarsal tubercle not distinctive because the plantar surface is cream (same color as the tubercle); supernumerary plantar tubercles absent; subarticular tubercles not prominent; digital pads rounded; webbing formula 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFAB3E3C2A53BE5BE" bold="true" box="[1361,1382,1437,1463]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">I(</emphasis>
0)— (1) 
<date id="8815102C5578FFDAFF5BE39DA080E5D4" box="[185,221,1474,1501]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFF5BE39DA08DE5D5" bold="true" box="[185,208,1474,1500]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">II</emphasis>
1
</date>
(1/2)—(3) 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFEA8E39DA128E5D5" bold="true" box="[330,373,1474,1500]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">III(</emphasis>
1)—(3–) 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFE0CE39DA245E5D5" bold="true" box="[494,536,1474,1500]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">IV(</emphasis>
2 2/3)—(1+) 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFD70E39DA2F8E5D5" bold="true" box="[658,677,1474,1500]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">V</emphasis>
; webbing becoming fringe-like distally; length of toes I&lt;II&lt;III&lt;V&lt;IV.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5578FFDAFF24E054A2D6E6FC" blockId="29.[151,1437,1056,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Dorsum smooth; numerous cream-brownish spiculae on flanks; low warts on tympanic area; low warts on dorsal surfaces of arms and legs; ventral surface weakly areolate; area surrounding the cloacal opening warty. In preservative (~70 % ethanol), dorsum and flanks black; no minute gray stippling regularly distributed on dorsum of body; dorsal surfaces of tips of fingers and toes cream, in contrast to adjacent black phalanges; Fingers II and III, and Toes I–III cream; venter and throat cream with irregular dark marks on throat and a discontinuous dark mid-stripe on belly; palms and soles black with cream marks; inner surfaces of arms cream; inner part of thighs and shanks black and cream.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5578FFDAFF24E0A2A323E733" blockId="29.[151,1437,1056,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFF24E0A2A24EE71E" bold="true" box="[198,531,1789,1815]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Measurements of 
<typeStatus id="2310884E5578FFDAFE45E0A2A24EE71E" box="[423,531,1789,1815]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFDC7E0A2A20BE71E" bold="true" box="[549,598,1789,1815]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">mm</emphasis>
): SVL 50.8, TIBL 17.0, FOOT 19.5, HLSQ 14.0, HDWD 14.1, ITNR 4.5, EYDM 4.5, RDUL 14.8, HAND 12.4, THBL 8.4, SW 11.0
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5578FFDAFF24E11CA37FE7CC" blockId="29.[151,1437,1056,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5578FFDAFF24E11CA11CE754" bold="true" box="[198,321,1859,1885]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Variation.</emphasis>
Meristic variation is given in Table 7. Low warts on the arms and legs are evident is some specimens (EPN 1225, 2143, 3235, 3237, KU 
<date id="8815102C5578FFDAFD5FE139A34BE789" box="[701,790,1894,1920]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="15-11-20">201115</date>
, 
<date id="8815102C5578FFDAFCC0E139A327E789" box="[802,890,1894,1920]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="17-11-20">201117</date>
) and absent in others (EPN 1223, 1224, 2144, KU 
<date id="8815102C5578FFDAFF2AE1D6A17EE7AA" box="[200,291,1929,1955]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="16-11-20">201116</date>
); some individuals lack warts in the tympanic area (EPN 1223, 3237); three specimens have spiculae on the tympanic area (EPN 3235, KU 
<date id="8815102C5578FFDAFD6CE1F4A2B6E7CC" box="[654,747,1963,1989]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" value="16-11-20">201116</date>
–17).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8D46664557BFFD9FF75E1C6A43DE7D9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197460/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" targetBox="[151,1436,151,1915]" targetPageId="30">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557BFFD9FF75E1C6A43DE7D9" blockId="30.[151,1436,1945,2000]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557BFFD9FF75E1C6A17DE7B8" bold="true" box="[151,288,1945,1969]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">FIGURE 12</emphasis>
.—Holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F557BFFD9FE2AE1C6A2F6E7B9" box="[456,683,1945,1968]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557BFFD9FE2AE1C6A2F6E7B9" box="[456,683,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(QCAZ 6801): (A) adult female, SVL = 50.8 mm; (B) ventral view of right hand, enlarged 3.3 times of A; (C) ventral view of right foot; enlarged 3.3 times of A.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557AFFD8FF75E6C8A121E13C" blockId="31.[151,1436,151,309]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FF75E6C8A155E0A6" bold="true" box="[151,264,151,175]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">TABLE 7.</emphasis>
Measurements (in mm) of the 
<typeStatus id="2310884E557AFFD8FDB0E6C7A2DDE0A6" box="[594,640,152,175]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
series of 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F557AFFD8FD04E6C7A39AE0A6" box="[742,967,152,175]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FD04E6C7A39AE0A6" box="[742,967,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Mean ± standard deviation (range). Abbreviations follow 
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D557AFFD8FEDDE6E7A234E0C6" author="Gray" box="[319,617,184,207]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Gray, P. &amp; Cannatella, D. C. (1985) A new species of Atelopus (Anura, Bufonidae) from the Andes of northern Peru. Copeia, 910 - 917." type="book chapter" year="1985">Gray and Cannatella (1985)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D557AFFD8FD7CE6E7A3DDE0C6" box="[670,896,184,207]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refString="Coloma, L. A., Lotters, S. &amp; Salas, A. W. (2000) Taxonomy of the Atelopus ignescens complex (Anura: Bufonidae): Designation of a neotype of Atelopus ignescens and recognition of Atelopus exiguus. Herpetologica, 56, 303 - 324." type="journal article">
Coloma 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FD1BE6E7A372E0C6" box="[761,815,184,207]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al.</emphasis>
(2000)
</bibRefCitation>
. They are: SVL = snout–vent length; TIBL = tibia length; FOOT = footh length; HLSQ= head length; HDWD = head width; EYDM = eye diameter; EYNO = eye–nostril distance; ITNA = internarial distance; RDUL = radio-ulna length; THBL = thumb length; SW = sacrum width. All measurements are in mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557AFFD8FE8CE731A3B0E527" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<table id="8EABC44C557A0038FF7BE731A427E527" box="[153,1146,366,1326]" gridcols="3" gridrows="17" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE731A427E18A" box="[153,1146,366,387]" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE731A20CE18A" box="[365,593,366,387]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Females(
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FE2EE731A185E18A" box="[460,472,366,387]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">n</emphasis>
= 21)
</th>
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E731A427E18A" box="[869,1146,366,387]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Males (
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FC4DE731A3E6E18A" box="[943,955,366,387]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">n</emphasis>
= 5)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE7F6A427E1B7" box="[153,1146,425,446]" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE7F6A17EE1B7" box="[153,291,425,446]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">SVL</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE7F6A20CE1B7" box="[365,593,425,446]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">46.6 ± 3.13 (39.5–52.9)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E7F6A427E1B7" box="[869,1146,425,446]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">37.7 ± 2.6 (34.4–40.9)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE7BBA427E1F0" box="[153,1146,484,505]" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE7BBA17EE1F0" box="[153,291,484,505]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">TIBL</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE7BBA20CE1F0" box="[365,593,484,505]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">16.8 ± 1.31 (15.0–19.5)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E7BBA427E1F0" box="[869,1146,484,505]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">15.0 ± 0.9 (13.5–15.9)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE441A427E23A" box="[153,1146,542,563]" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE441A17EE23A" box="[153,291,542,563]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">FOOT</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE441A20CE23A" box="[365,593,542,563]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">18.2 ± 1.48 (15.7–21.8)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E441A427E23A" box="[869,1146,542,563]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
15.4 ± 1.7 (13.0–17.1, 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FBA3E441A410E23A" box="[1089,1101,542,563]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">n</emphasis>
= 4)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE406A427E267" box="[153,1146,601,622]" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE406A17EE267" box="[153,291,601,622]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">HLSQ</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE406A20CE267" box="[365,593,601,622]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.3 ± 1.11 (11.0–14.8)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E406A427E267" box="[869,1146,601,622]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">12.0 ± 0.7 (11.0–12.8)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE4CBA427E2A0" box="[153,1146,660,681]" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE4CBA17EE2A0" box="[153,291,660,681]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">HDWD</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE4CBA20CE2A0" box="[365,593,660,681]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">12.4 ± 1.04 (10.7–14.1)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E4CBA427E2A0" box="[869,1146,660,681]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">11.1 ± 0.6 (10.2–11.6)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE491A427E2EA" box="[153,1146,718,739]" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE491A17EE2EA" box="[153,291,718,739]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">EYDM</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE491A20CE2EA" box="[365,593,718,739]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.2 ± 0.38 (3.5–4.9)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E491A427E2EA" box="[869,1146,718,739]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.2 ± 0.3 (3.8–4.5)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE556A427E317" box="[153,1146,777,798]" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE556A17EE317" box="[153,291,777,798]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">ITNA</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE556A20CE317" box="[365,593,777,798]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.6 ± 0.58 (3.6–5.8)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E556A427E317" box="[869,1146,777,798]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">4.1 ± 0.2 (3.9–4.4)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE51BA427E350" box="[153,1146,836,857]" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE51BA17EE350" box="[153,291,836,857]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">RDUL</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE51BA20CE350" box="[365,593,836,857]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.7 ± 0.83 (12.4–15.2)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E51BA427E350" box="[869,1146,836,857]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">11.7 ± 0.6 (10.9–12.3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE521A427E39A" box="[153,1146,894,915]" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE521A17EE39A" box="[153,291,894,915]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">HAND</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE521A20CE39A" box="[365,593,894,915]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">11.6 ± 0.88 (9.7–13.6)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E521A427E39A" box="[869,1146,894,915]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
10.1 ± 0.6 (9.6–10.8, 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FBD7E521A41CE39A" box="[1077,1089,894,915]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">n</emphasis>
= 4)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE5E6A427E3C7" box="[153,1146,953,974]" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE5E6A17EE3C7" box="[153,291,953,974]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">THBL</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE5E6A20CE3C7" box="[365,593,953,974]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">7.3 ± 0.68 (6.0–8.6)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E5E6A427E3C7" box="[869,1146,953,974]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
6.1 ± 0.2 (6.0–6.2, 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FBFFE5E6A474E3C7" box="[1053,1065,953,974]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">n</emphasis>
= 2)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE5ABA427E400" box="[153,1146,1012,1033]" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE5ABA17EE400" box="[153,291,1012,1033]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">SW</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE5ABA20CE400" box="[365,593,1012,1033]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">13.5 ± 1.39 (10.4–15.4)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E5ABA427E400" box="[869,1146,1012,1033]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">12.3 ± 1.8 (10.4–15.3)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE271A427E44A" box="[153,1146,1070,1091]" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE271A17EE44A" box="[153,291,1070,1091]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">TIBL/SVL</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE271A20CE44A" box="[365,593,1070,1091]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.322–0.413)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E271A427E44A" box="[869,1146,1070,1091]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
(0.366–0.424, 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FC10E271A3A3E44A" box="[1010,1022,1070,1091]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">n</emphasis>
= 2)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE236A427E477" box="[153,1146,1129,1150]" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE236A17EE477" box="[153,291,1129,1150]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">HLSQ/SVL</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE236A20CE477" box="[365,593,1129,1150]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.258–0.318)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E236A427E477" box="[869,1146,1129,1150]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.310–0.326)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE2FBA427E4B0" box="[153,1146,1188,1209]" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE2FBA17EE4B0" box="[153,291,1188,1209]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">HDWD/SVL</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE2FBA20CE4B0" box="[365,593,1188,1209]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.237–0.29)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E2FBA427E4B0" box="[869,1146,1188,1209]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.273–0.310)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE281A427E4FA" box="[153,1146,1246,1267]" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE281A17EE4FA" box="[153,291,1246,1267]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">RDUL/SVL</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE281A20CE4FA" box="[365,593,1246,1267]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.269–0.319)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E281A427E4FA" box="[869,1146,1246,1267]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.290–0.340)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="429B34AE557A0038FF7BE346A427E527" box="[153,1146,1305,1326]" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<th id="014A5DD2557A0038FF7BE346A17EE527" box="[153,291,1305,1326]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">THBL/HAND</th>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FE8FE346A20CE527" box="[365,593,1305,1326]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.535–0.677)</td>
<td id="014A5DD2557A0038FC87E346A427E527" box="[869,1146,1305,1326]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">(0.622–0.645)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557AFFD8FF24E334A127E6F2" blockId="31.[151,1436,1387,2011]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
Ventral coloration varies among individuals (
<figureCitation id="64902A69557AFFD8FD39E334A373E58C" box="[731,814,1387,1413]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="32.[151,255,1951,1975]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,216,1914]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[151,1436,206,1955]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 13. — Ventral color variation in Atelopus podocarpus in preservative: (A) EPN 2145; (B) EPN 2144; (C) EPN 2143; (D) EPN 1223." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197461/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
A–D); some have a black thick longitudinal band on the middle of the throat (EPN 1223, 1225); one individual has black throat and venter with cream marks (EPN 2143); one individual has black throat with two cream marks at the sides at the level of the articulation of the jaw (EPN 2144); generally the inner part of thighs are cream, but they may be black (EPN 2143); the inner part of shanks can be black (EPN 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FDD0E05EA2C6E612" box="[562,667,1537,1563]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1223" valueMax="1225">1223–25</date>
, 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FD4BE05EA349E612" box="[681,788,1537,1563]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2143" valueMax="2144">2143–44</date>
), cream (EPN 3237) or black with cream marks (EPN 3235, KU 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FEF3E079A131E649" box="[273,364,1574,1600]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="15-11-20">201115</date>
–7). The venter varies from cream to yellowish (KU 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FC2DE079A477E649" box="[975,1066,1574,1600]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="15-11-20">201115</date>
–7). Fingers and toes are mostly black (except for the tips), but Finger II (EPN 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FD26E014A373E66C" box="[708,814,1611,1637]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1223" valueMax="1225">1223–25</date>
, 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FCDEE014A3F8E66C" box="[828,933,1611,1637]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2143" valueMax="2144">2143–44</date>
, 3235, 3237) and Toe I (EPN 1225, 2144, 3237) and Toe II (EPN 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FE58E02EA27FE682" box="[442,546,1649,1675]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1223" valueMax="1224">1223–24</date>
) are entirely cream in some individuals. The inner surface of the arms is black (EPN 2143), cream (EPN 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FDF0E0C9A226E6B9" box="[530,635,1686,1712]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1223" valueMax="1224">1223–24</date>
, 3235, 3237, KU 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FCAFE0C9A3FBE6B9" box="[845,934,1686,1712]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="15-11-20">201115</date>
, 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FC50E0C9A457E6B9" box="[946,1034,1686,1712]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="17-11-20">201117</date>
) or black with cream marks (EPN 1225, 2144, KU 
<date id="8815102C557AFFD8FEB9E0E4A1EBE6DC" box="[347,438,1723,1749]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="16-11-20">201116</date>
). The dorsum and flanks may be the same color, but the flanks may have some cream marks (EPN 2144).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557AFFD8FF24E159A081E799" blockId="31.[151,1436,1387,2011]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">KU 196633–42: Dorsum and flanks uniform black; throat, chest, belly, and ventral surfaces of limbs dull cream. Palmar surfaces dull cream to pale brown, but black with cream palmar tubercles in KU 196633, 19636, and 196641–42. Tips of fingers cream and inner and outer metatarsal tubercles cream in most specimens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC557AFFE7FF24E1C4A523E0DE" blockId="31.[151,1436,1387,2011]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1436,152,215]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE557AFFD8FF24E1C4A139E7BC" bold="true" box="[198,356,1947,1973]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Color in life.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="64902A69557AFFD8FE97E1C4A194E7BC" box="[373,457,1947,1973]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="28.[151,255,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1186,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,1180,1903]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 10. — Atelopus podocarpus from Parque Nacional Podocarpus, Provincia Loja, Ecuador: (A) EPN 3235 from Mirador path nearby the Centro Administrativo Cajanuma of the Parque Nacional Podocarpus, 2850 m; (B) EPN 1223 from El Compadre. Photos by AA and Luis H. Albuja V., respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197458/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
A–B). The following is based on color slides taken by AA (EPN 3235, dorsolateral view) and Luis H. Albuja (EPN 1223, ventral view) at Parque Nacional 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F557AFFD8FC0FE19EA426E7D2" box="[1005,1147,1985,2011]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
: Dorsum and dorsal surfaces of arms and legs black; flanks and spiculae in flanks orange red; face black; belly light green, throat cream with black mark in the center; palms and inner surface of arms cream; inner surface of thighs cream.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A8D466645545FFE7FF75E1C0A126E7DF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197461/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[151,1436,216,1914]" targetPageId="32">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5545FFE7FF75E1C0A126E7DF" blockId="32.[151,1435,1951,2006]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5545FFE7FF75E1C0A17DE7BE" bold="true" box="[151,288,1951,1975]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 13</emphasis>
.—Ventral color variation in 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5545FFE7FDB4E1FFA365E7BE" box="[598,824,1952,1975]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5545FFE7FDB4E1FFA365E7BE" box="[598,824,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in preservative: (A) EPN 2145; (B) EPN 2144; (C) EPN 2143; (D) EPN 1223.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5544FFE6FF24E6C7A301E12B" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1487]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
KU 165004 (field color notes and slide in dorsolateral view taken by WED on 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FB8BE6C7A54DE0BB" box="[1129,1296,152,178]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1975-03-07">7 March 1975</date>
) from Abra de Zamora, 
<quantity id="3B539B095544FFE6FEC0E6E2A131E0DE" box="[290,364,189,215]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
E Loja, 
<quantity id="3B539B095544FFE6FE2DE6E2A276E0DE" box="[463,555,189,215]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="2850.0">2850 m</quantity>
: Dorsum dull brownish black with dull red tubercles laterally on body. Venter green with tan streak on throat and black stripe on throat and chest. Palmar and tarsal tubercles and tips of digits white. Iris dark brown with bronze wing around pupil.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B4B165675544FFE6FF24E772A429E4E6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5544FFE6FF24E772A4BDE246" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1487]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5544FFE6FF24E772A313E14E" bold="true" box="[198,846,301,327]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Distribution, ecology and current population status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5544FFE6FCB7E772A413E14F" box="[853,1102,301,326]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5544FFE6FCB7E772A413E14F" box="[853,1102,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from paramo and subparamo habitats in the southern Cordillera Oriental of 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5544FFE6FC58E70DA441E165" box="[954,1052,338,364]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(Provincias Loja and Zamora Chinchipe) to Departamento Piura in Cordillera de Huancabamba in northern 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5544FFE6FBAAE727A423E19B" box="[1096,1150,376,402]" name="Peru" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Peru</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="64902A695544FFE6FB70E727A480E19B" box="[1170,1245,376,402]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,224,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[130,1460,196,1899]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. — Map of southern Colombia and northern Ecuador showing localities of Atelopus angelito, A. ardila, A. gigas, A. orcesi, A. pastuso and a population of hypothetical hybrids between A. pastuso and A. ignescens. Symbols for A. ardila indicate one or several close localities." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197453/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). In 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5544FFE6FAFBE727A521E19B" box="[1305,1404,376,402]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, it occurs in the following Natural Formations (classification proposed by 
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D5544FFE6FC38E7C2A495E1BE" author="Valencia" box="[986,1224,413,439]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Valencia, R., Ceron, C., Palacios, W. &amp; Sierra, R. (1999) Las formaciones naturales de la Sierra del Ecuador. In: Sierra, R. (Ed.) Propuesta preliminar de un sistema de clasificacion de vegetacion para el Ecuador continental. Proyecto INEFAN / GERF-BIRF y Ecociencia, Quito, 79 - 108 pp." type="book chapter" year="1999">
Valencia 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5544FFE6FBA4E7C2A4DCE1BF" box="[1094,1153,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
): Herbazal Lacustre Montano, Páramo Arbustivo, Bosque Siempre Verde Montano Alto, and Bosque de Neblina Montano. These habitats lie between 
<quantity id="3B539B095544FFE6FE3BE7B7A220E20B" box="[473,637,488,514]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="m" value="3050.0" valueMax="3400.0" valueMin="2700.0">2700–3400 m</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="64902A695544FFE6FD6CE7B7A285E20B" box="[654,728,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,224,1873]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[130,1460,196,1899]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. — Map of southern Colombia and northern Ecuador showing localities of Atelopus angelito, A. ardila, A. gigas, A. orcesi, A. pastuso and a population of hypothetical hybrids between A. pastuso and A. ignescens. Symbols for A. ardila indicate one or several close localities." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197453/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Annual mean rainfall is 
<quantity id="3B539B095544FFE6FBF2E7B7A497E20B" box="[1040,1226,488,514]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="1500.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–2000 mm</quantity>
and annual mean temperature is 7–18 ºC (
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D5544FFE6FE52E44FA2F8E223" author="Canadas-Cruz" box="[432,677,528,554]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Canadas-Cruz, L. (1983) El mapa bioclimatico y ecologico del Ecuador. Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaderia. Programa Nacional de Regionalizacion Agraria. Banco Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador, 209 pp." type="book" year="1983">Cañadas-Cruz, 1983</bibRefCitation>
). The area of its extent of occurrence is of about 
<quantity id="3B539B095544FFE6FB3EE44FA51FE223" box="[1244,1346,528,554]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.475" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="km" value="2475.0">2475 km</quantity>
2. Habitat and other features of the 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5544FFE6FE3DE46AA235E246" box="[479,616,565,591]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
National Park were described by 
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D5544FFE6FC17E46AA481E246" author="Rivera-Rosi" box="[1013,1244,565,591]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Rivera-Rosi, J. (2007) Parque Nacional Podocarpus. In: ECOLAP &amp; MAE (Eds.) Guia del patrimonio de areas naturales protegidas del Ecuador. ECOFUND, FAN, Darwin Net, IGM, Quito, Ecuador, 185 - 192 pp." type="book chapter" year="2007">Rivera-Rosi (2007)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5544FFE6FF2FE405A37EE303" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1487]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
KU 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FF1DE405A10AE27D" box="[255,343,602,628]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="88-12-03">120388</date>
–89 (John D. Lynch field notes, 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FD33E405A333E27D" box="[721,878,602,628]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1968-06-10">10 June 1968</date>
) from Abra de Zamora, 15 Km E Loja, 
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were found under stones on dirt banks. KU 165004 (WED field notes, 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FC39E4DFA4DFE293" box="[987,1154,640,666]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1975-03-07">7 March 1975</date>
) from Abra de Zamora, 
<quantity id="3B539B095544FFE6FF75E4FAA0BCE2B6" box="[151,225,677,703]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="km" value="13.0">13 km</quantity>
E Loja, 
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was found under a rock by day, in elfin, wind-swept scrub with a thick layer of moss, many lichens and liverworts, bromeliads on ground and on bushes, and bamboo. During the day of collection, the temperature was 8.5–18.0˚C and rainfall was 
<quantity id="3B539B095544FFE6FD3AE4AFA342E303" box="[728,799,752,778]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5544FFE6FF24E549A17BE43D" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1487]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5544FFE6FF24E549A1E2E326" box="[198,447,790,815]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5544FFE6FF24E549A1E2E326" box="[198,447,790,815]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Atelopus podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered to be Critically Endangered (Possibly Extinct) (A2ace, IUCN Red List categories and criteria). The species is tagged as Possibly Extinct until further surveys confirm otherwise. The population has declined dramatically (more than 80 %) in the last two decades probably because of climate change and the impact of pathogens, which have affected many other montane species of 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5544FFE6FB16E5D9A506E396" box="[1268,1371,902,927]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5544FFE6FB16E5D9A506E396" box="[1268,1371,902,927]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Atelopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The amphibian chytrid fungus has not been reported yet from Loja or Zamora Chinchipe provinces. The closest record of the chytrid is Azuay Province (
<bibRefCitation id="983A4B1D5544FFE6FD9BE58FA3D9E3E3" author="Ron" box="[633,900,976,1002]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refString="Ron, S. R. &amp; Merino, A. (2000) Amphibian declines in Ecuador: overview and first report of chytridiomycosis from South America. Froglog, 42, 2 - 3." type="journal article" year="2000">Ron and Merino 2000</bibRefCitation>
). The risk factor of potential threat caused by the chytrid for anuran amphibian species calculated by Rödder 
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5544FFE6FC65E5A9A39FE406" box="[903,962,1014,1039]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
(2009: 
<figureCitation id="64902A695544FFE6FBF5E5AAA400E406" box="[1047,1117,1013,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[468,1102,1319,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[463,1117,1305,1921]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. — Axes PC I and PC II from Principal Components Analysis based on eight size-corrected morphological variables for populations of Atelopus ardila and A. ignescens from Colombia and Ecuador. Circles = A. ardila; X = A. ignescens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/197450/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
C) is high at the area of its distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5544FFE6FF24E21FA429E4E6" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1487]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
In 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5544FFE6FF04E21FA117E453" box="[230,330,1088,1114]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, the last living individual (QCAZ 6801) was seen on 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FC23E21FA4CBE453" box="[961,1174,1088,1114]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1994-12-01">1 December 1994</date>
. It was collected in an unhealthy condition at Lagunas del Compadre in Parque Nacional 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5544FFE6FC57E23AA41FE476" box="[949,1090,1125,1151]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
; the animal died while being transported. Collecting efforts at several localities of its distribution (Abra de Zamora in 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FB30E2D5A5CAE4AD" box="[1234,1431,1162,1188]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2001-09">September 2001</date>
, 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FF75E2EFA16EE4C3" box="[151,307,1200,1226]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2003-08">August 2003</date>
, 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FEA1E2EFA259E4C3" box="[323,516,1200,1226]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2009-12">December 2009</date>
; nearby Saraguro in 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FCE1E2EFA3DCE4C3" box="[771,897,1200,1226]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2008-06">June 2008</date>
, Lagunas del Compadre in 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FB33E2EFA5C9E4C3" box="[1233,1428,1200,1226]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="2009-11">November 2009</date>
) revealed no individuals. In 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5544FFE6FE35E28AA24DE4E6" box="[471,528,1237,1263]" name="Peru" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Peru</collectingCountry>
, no individuals have been found since 
<date id="8815102C5544FFE6FC37E28AA42DE4E6" box="[981,1136,1237,1263]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" value="1980-07-20">20 July 1980</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B4B165675544FFE6FF24E2A5A4E8E5C6" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FC1436EC5544FFE6FF24E2A5A4E8E5C6" blockId="33.[151,1437,152,1487]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5544FFE6FF24E2A5A10EE51D" bold="true" box="[198,339,1274,1300]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name is a noun in apposition and refers to the 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5544FFE6FBF0E2A5A4C6E51D" box="[1042,1179,1274,1300]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
National Park, where this species formerly lived. 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5544FFE6FE0BE37FA22FE533" box="[489,626,1312,1338]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">Podocarpus</taxonomicName>
takes its name from having the country's largest contingent of the 
<taxonomicName id="3BAB4D6F5544FFE6FF75E319A178E556" box="[151,293,1350,1375]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Atelopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="33" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="podocarpus">
<emphasis id="CEDFEAFE5544FFE6FF75E319A178E556" box="[151,293,1350,1375]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Podocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or romerillo tree, the only conifer native to 
<collectingCountry id="84BC767C5544FFE6FCC1E31AA3DAE556" box="[803,903,1349,1375]" name="Ecuador" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
. Ecuador's southernmost national park ranges from 1000 meters in the river valleys to 3600 meters in the higher reaches of the Nudo de Sabanilla mountain range, part of the larger Cordillera Oriental. This park of 360,000 hectares shelters an array of cloud forests, subparamo, paramo, a series of small lakes, and many endemic species of flora and fauna.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>