361 lines
47 KiB
XML
361 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document id="F30B229142E6B3A3BF7F195ABE84CE50" ID-DOI="10.1111/zoj.12137" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306486" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630112844916" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio, Vega, Cristina & Carballo, José Luis" docDate="2014" docId="4617186BFFA8FF98FF34EDC5FC17392A" docLanguage="en" docName="zoj12137.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 171 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12137" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37.3:ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleId="FBF0BF18BB2B256F1F8008F27D80BF37" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2010-2016.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Plakortis clarionensis Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo 2014, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="266" masterDocId="BA2E6013FFA3FF94FFC1ED03FF953D58" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of family Plakinidae (Porifera: Homoscleromorpha) from eastern Pacific coral reefs, through morphology and cox 1 and cob mtDNA data" masterLastPageNumber="276" masterPageNumber="254" pageNumber="265" updateTime="1699155998675" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="77854B94062C536CD79CF4A05B43FC2E">Taxonomy of family Plakinidae (Porifera: Homoscleromorpha) from eastern Pacific coral reefs, through morphology and cox 1 and cob mtDNA data</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F0AB687C40C11E9BF05F4970B1F40501">Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B71F9DA472186A5E31080C0A80EE0287">Vega, Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="89783D0B8FC9536BD9D257F04FD10780">Carballo, José Luis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="267998BE0D071BE248C25F4E590797E1">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0B23A055B8E903BA3405FDDA849DC6F2">2014</mods:date>
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<heading id="95491E11FFA8FF9FFF34EDC5FD043D83" box="[245,657,198,219]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFA8FF9FFF34EDC5FDBE3D82" ID-CoL="4JJ2F" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[245,555,198,219]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="11" pageNumber="271" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">PLAKORTIS CLARIONENSIS</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFA8FF9FFDF5EDCAFD043D83" box="[564,657,198,219]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="86A4FAF6FFA8FF98FEBCEDE5FC17392A" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="266" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFEBCEDE5FD9C3DA4" blockId="11.[245,657,198,252]" box="[381,521,230,252]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
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(
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<figureCitation id="5685B5F8FFA8FF9FFE44EDE5FE733DA3" box="[389,486,230,251]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[144,223,1451,1470]" captionTargetBox="[271,1296,194,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-149@5.[271,1296,194,1422]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. External morphologies of plakinid species from the eastern Pacific. A, B, Plakina muricyae sp. nov. C, i, Plakina paradilopha sp. nov.; ii, Plakina muricyae sp. nov. D, Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. E, Plakortis albicans Cruz-Barraza & Carballo, 2005. F, Plakinastrella clippertonensis van Soest et al., 2011." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306492/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">FIGS 2D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5685B5F8FFA8FF9FFE32EDE5FD943DA4" box="[499,513,230,252]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-196@11.[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy images of spicules and skeletal structure of Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. A, diods. B, triods. C, tangential view of the ectosome. D, transversal view of the choanosome." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306502/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">5</figureCitation>
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)
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<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFF51EC0FFEF33C79" blockId="11.[144,759,268,566]" box="[144,358,268,289]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFA8FF9FFF51EC0FFEF33C79" box="[144,358,268,289]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFF51EC28FDA63CA0" blockId="11.[144,759,268,566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
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<materialsCitation id="7ED6A320FFA8FF9FFF51EC28FE9F3C26" collectingDate="2005-03-12" collectionCode="MNCN" elevation="4" latitude="18.787222" location="Roca Norte" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-110.92833" municipality="Clarion Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" specimenCode="MNCN 1.01" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="110517DFFFA8FF9FFF51EC28FF6C3C19" box="[144,249,299,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="9E180106FFA8FF9FFEC5EC28FE1F3C19" box="[260,394,299,321]" collectionCode="MNCN" country="Spain" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35275" name="Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" type="Museum">MNCN 1.01</specimenCode>
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/696
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<location id="CB61FFA6FFA8FF9FFE05EC28FDD03C18" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4617186BFFA8FF98FF34EDC5FC17392A:CB61FFA6FFA8FF9FFE05EC28FDD03C18" box="[452,581,299,320]" latitude="18.787222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-110.92833" municipality="Clarion Island" name="Roca Norte" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Roca Norte</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="2E653307FFA8FF9FFD93EC28FD623C19" box="[594,759,299,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Clarión Island</collectingMunicipality>
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(Revillagigedo),
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,
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,
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depth
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<date id="BA008FBDFFA8FF9FFF51EC6BFE9F3C26" box="[144,266,360,382]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" value="2005-03-12">
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<collectingDate id="AA447655FFA8FF9FFF51EC6BFE9F3C26" box="[144,266,360,382]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" value="2005-03-12">12.iii.2005</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="7ED6A320FFA8FF9FFED7EC6AFD863CE3" collectingDate="2005-03-12" elevation="4" latitude="18.787222" location="Roca Norte" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-110.92833" municipality="Clarion Island" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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: LEB-ICML-UNAM-1240,
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="2E653307FFA8FF9FFF26EC84FE023CC5" box="[231,407,391,413]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Clarion Island</collectingMunicipality>
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(Revillagigedo),
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depth
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,
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<date id="BA008FBDFFA8FF9FFE61ECA6FD863CE3" box="[416,531,421,443]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" value="2005-03-12">
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<collectingDate id="AA447655FFA8FF9FFE61ECA6FD863CE3" box="[416,531,421,443]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" value="2005-03-12">12.iii.2005</collectingDate>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="7ED6A320FFA8FF9FFDDFECA6FDBA3CA0" collectingDate="2005-03-12" elevation="4" latitude="18.851112" location="Pinaculo Norte" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-110.998055" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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LEB-ICML-UNAM- 1253,
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<location id="CB61FFA6FFA8FF9FFF1FECC7FE0E3C81" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4617186BFFA8FF98FF34EDC5FC17392A:CB61FFA6FFA8FF9FFF1FECC7FE0E3C81" box="[222,411,452,474]" latitude="18.851112" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-110.998055" name="Pinaculo Norte" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Pináculo Norte</location>
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(Revillagigedo),
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,
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,
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depth
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,
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<date id="BA008FBDFFA8FF9FFE75ECE1FDBA3CA0" box="[436,559,482,504]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" value="2005-03-12">
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<collectingDate id="AA447655FFA8FF9FFE75ECE1FDBA3CA0" box="[436,559,482,504]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" value="2005-03-12">12.iii.2005</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFF69EF02FD833F6E" blockId="11.[144,759,268,566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
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ZooBank LSID:
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<uri id="BA2FA57FFFA8FF9FFE9EEF02FD863F6E" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="BA1893A8FFA8FF9FFDADEF02FD863F6E" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">734EED7F- 8AA6-4899-B3C3-1DE7346178A3</uuid>
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</uri>
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.
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<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFF51EF44FE923F04" blockId="11.[144,758,583,696]" box="[144,263,583,604]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFA8FF9FFF51EF44FE923F04" box="[144,263,583,604]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Etymology</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFF51EF66FE013FE0" blockId="11.[144,758,583,696]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
|
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The epithet refers to the
|
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<typeStatus id="110517DFFFA8FF9FFE79EF65FE7C3F23" box="[440,489,614,635]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">type</typeStatus>
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locality Clarion Island (Revillagigedo archipelago) where the specimens of this species were collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFCE7EDC5FC033D83" blockId="11.[806,1422,198,403]" box="[806,918,198,219]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
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<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFA8FF9FFCE7EDC5FC033D83" box="[806,918,198,219]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFCE7EDE7FC5F3CCB" blockId="11.[806,1422,198,403]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Dark brown (in preserved condition), encrusting to cushion-shaped sponge, with smooth surface. Consistency is cartilaginous-like, but inside is fleshy. Spicules are diods and triods, which are included in a dense collagen layer, without alveolar skeletal specialization.</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFA8FF9FFCE7ECCEFC323CBA" box="[806,935,461,482]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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Encrusting to cushion-shaped sponge from
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||
in thickness, spreading between coral branches and over rocks (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5685B5F8FFA8FF9FFC6DEF2BFB963F66" box="[940,1027,552,574]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[144,223,1451,1470]" captionTargetBox="[271,1296,194,1422]" captionTargetId="figure-149@5.[271,1296,194,1422]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. External morphologies of plakinid species from the eastern Pacific. A, B, Plakina muricyae sp. nov. C, i, Plakina paradilopha sp. nov.; ii, Plakina muricyae sp. nov. D, Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. E, Plakortis albicans Cruz-Barraza & Carballo, 2005. F, Plakinastrella clippertonensis van Soest et al., 2011." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306492/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The specimens cover areas up to 10 ×
|
||
<quantity id="09460498FFA8FF9FFC9DEF44FC013F04" box="[860,916,583,604]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" unit="cm" value="8.0">8 cm</quantity>
|
||
. Surface is uneven and rugose, with rounded bumps, which gives a granular appearance. Sponge borders in contact with the coral structures become irregular, taking the substrate’s form. Between the bumps there are small ostial pores of 330–670 μm in diameter. The surface also presents very small subectosomic canals 150–250 μm in diameter. Only one circular-shaped oscule was found, of
|
||
<quantity id="09460498FFAFFF98FD9AEC21FD093C6F" box="[603,668,290,311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. The consistency of the surface is slightly cartilaginous, but the interior is fleshy. Colour in life was not observed; in spirit it is dark and light brown on the surface and the choanosome is pale yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="9AC1F9F5FFA8FF9FFF51EA3EFA163A36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306502" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5306502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306502/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" startId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" targetBox="[303,1263,742,1823]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFA8FF9FFF51EA3EFA163A36" blockId="11.[144,1421,1853,1902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFA8FF9FFF51EA3EFF6D3A08" bold="true" box="[144,248,1853,1872]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy images of spicules and skeletal structure
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFA8FF9FFB3EEA3EFE153A36" bold="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFA8FF9FFAE1EA3EFE8A3A35" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFA8FF9FFAE1EA3EFE8A3A35" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="265">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFA8FF9FFEE6EA58FE153A36" box="[295,384,1883,1902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="265" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
A, diods. B, triods. C, tangential view of the ectosome. D, transversal view of the choanosome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FF7DECB8FEB63F9D" blockId="12.[164,779,198,1046]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Spicules: diods and triods (
|
||
<tableCitation id="833C9CC6FFAFFF98FE36ECB8FDD83C89" box="[503,589,443,465]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="13.[135,198,668,689]" captionText="Table 4. Comparative data for the dimensions of the spicules (in μm), locality and other characteristics of Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. and Plakortis albicans, and other similar (in morphology and geography) Plakortis species for comparison. Values in parentheses are means" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
). Diods are thin and elongated, typically curved in the centre, with one, two or more well-marked bent. The ends are straight with sharp or slightly rounded tips (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5685B5F8FFAFFF98FDFBEF15FD183F74" box="[570,653,534,556]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-196@11.[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy images of spicules and skeletal structure of Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. A, diods. B, triods. C, tangential view of the ectosome. D, transversal view of the choanosome." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306502/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Diods are abundant; they measure 17.5–77.5 μm long and 1.25– 3 μm wide. Triods usually present equal angles, but can be uneven with ‘T’ or ‘Y’ shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5685B5F8FFAFFF98FD89EF71FD083FD0" box="[584,669,626,648]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-196@11.[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy images of spicules and skeletal structure of Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. A, diods. B, triods. C, tangential view of the ectosome. D, transversal view of the choanosome." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306502/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sizes of the rays are variable, 10–30 μm long (total spicule length 20–62 μm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FF7DEFCDFEA0394E" blockId="12.[164,779,198,1046]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Skeleton: the skeletal structure is formed by diods in abundance and some triods, which are included in a dense collagen layer, without alveolar or skeletal specialization and no apparent organization. The ectosome is a nondetachable pigmented layer (up to
|
||
<quantity id="09460498FFAFFF98FD69EE4BFD7D3E06" box="[680,744,840,862]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in thickness), with dispersed diods (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5685B5F8FFAFFF98FDD0EE64FDF73E25" box="[529,610,871,893]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-196@11.[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy images of spicules and skeletal structure of Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. A, diods. B, triods. C, tangential view of the ectosome. D, transversal view of the choanosome." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306502/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
), and very well differentiated from the choanosome (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5685B5F8FFAFFF98FD95EE86FD3E3EC3" box="[596,683,901,923]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[144,223,1853,1872]" captionTargetBox="[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetId="figure-196@11.[303,1263,742,1823]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy images of spicules and skeletal structure of Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. A, diods. B, triods. C, tangential view of the ectosome. D, transversal view of the choanosome." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306502" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306502/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||
). In the subectosomal area an agglomeration of spicules and pigments is present; this layer is also characterized by the presence of several canals, rather than the deep choanosome.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FF65E93EFE2B390A" blockId="12.[164,779,1085,1229]" box="[164,446,1085,1106]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FF65E93EFE2B390A" box="[164,446,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Ecology and distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FF65E95FFD3C3995" blockId="12.[164,779,1085,1229]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Specimens were collected in two localities from Revillagigedo archipelago: Clarion Island and Pináculo Norte (
|
||
<figureCitation id="5685B5F8FFAFFF98FF36E99AFEA239F7" box="[247,311,1177,1199]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[164,243,935,954]" captionTargetBox="[294,1312,199,902]" captionTargetId="figure-428@2.[291,1315,196,905]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution and sample localities of Plakinidae species from the Mexican Pacific coast. Numbers refer to different species as follows: 1, Plakina muricyae sp. nov.; 2, Plakina paradilopha sp. nov.; 3, Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov.; 4, Plakortis albicans Cruz-Barraza & Carballo, 2005; 5, Plakinastrella clippertonensis van Soest et al., 2011." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5306490" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5306490/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Specimens were found on pocilloporid coral branches and over rocks at
|
||
<quantity id="09460498FFAFFF98FDEDE9BBFDC23995" box="[556,599,1208,1229]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
|
||
depth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FF65E9F6FE9C3852" blockId="12.[164,779,1269,1902]" box="[164,265,1269,1290]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FF65E9F6FE9C3852" box="[164,265,1269,1290]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FF65E810FE3B38FC" blockId="12.[164,779,1269,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
Currently, there are three species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FDFEE810FD313870" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1880" box="[575,676,1299,1320]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FDFEE810FD313870" box="[575,676,1299,1320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the East Pacific coast:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FE46E831FDCE381F" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Carballo" authorityYear="2005" box="[391,603,1330,1351]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FE46E831FDCE381F" box="[391,603,1330,1351]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis albicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below for remarks on this species) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FE2AE853FF7638DD" authority="(Austin, 1996)" baseAuthorityName="Austin" baseAuthorityYear="1996" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FE2AE853FD3E383D" box="[491,683,1360,1381]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis simplex</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA2FD48CFFAFFF98FD7BE853FF4E38DD" author="Austin WC" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" pagination="237 - 256" refId="ref14912" refString="Austin WC. 1996. Sponges from Rocas Alijos. In: Schmieder RM, ed. Monographiae biologicae. Rocas Alijos. Scientific results from the cordell expeditions, Vol. 75. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 237 - 256." type="book chapter" year="1996">Austin, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6A9E9EDFFAFFF98FEEFE86CFE1438DD" box="[302,385,1391,1413]" name="Mexico" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FE04E86CFD5F38DC" authorityName="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" authorityYear="1997" box="[453,714,1391,1412]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="galapagensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FE04E86CFD5F38DC" box="[453,714,1391,1412]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis galapagensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Galapagos Islands.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FF7DE8AFFE023BEE" blockId="12.[164,779,1269,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FE95E8AFFDB13899" baseAuthorityName="Austin" baseAuthorityYear="1996" box="[340,548,1452,1473]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FE95E8AFFDB13899" box="[340,548,1452,1473]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis simplex</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described in the Mediterranean Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA2FD48CFFAFFF98FDF2E8C8FD4438B9" author="Schulze FE" box="[563,721,1483,1505]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" pagination="407 - 451" refId="ref17084" refString="Schulze FE. 1880. Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Neunte Mittheilung. Die Plakiniden. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie 34: 407 - 451." type="journal article" year="1880">Schulze, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and later cited around the world. However, recent authors have discussed the conspecificity of different populations, suggesting a species complex (sibling species). Therefore, the Mexican record by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA2FD48CFFAFFF98FDDBEB46FD253B03" author="Austin WC" box="[538,688,1605,1627]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" pagination="237 - 256" refId="ref14912" refString="Austin WC. 1996. Sponges from Rocas Alijos. In: Schmieder RM, ed. Monographiae biologicae. Rocas Alijos. Scientific results from the cordell expeditions, Vol. 75. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 237 - 256." type="book chapter" year="1996">Austin (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is probably a different species. However, a more detailed description of this material would be necessary to confirm its taxonomic status.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FF7DEBBCFAC03C88" blockId="12.[164,779,1269,1902]" lastBlockId="12.[826,1442,197,1138]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
The geographically closest species to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FD5DEBBCFEB93BAB" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FD5DEBBCFEB93BAB" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FEF4EBDCFE183BAC" box="[309,397,1759,1780]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FE73EBDDFD233BAB" authorityName="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" authorityYear="1997" box="[434,694,1758,1779]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="galapagensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FE73EBDDFD233BAB" box="[434,694,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis galapagensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is different to the new species in external and internal characteristics.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FE63EA18FD283A68" authorityName="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" authorityYear="1997" box="[418,701,1819,1840]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="galapagensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FE63EA18FD283A68" box="[418,701,1819,1840]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis galapagensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an encrusting (
|
||
<quantity id="09460498FFAFFF98FEE6EA39FEF03A17" box="[295,357,1850,1872]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick), beige-coloured species whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FF65EA5BFE2D3A35" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[164,440,1880,1901]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FF65EA5BFE2D3A35" box="[164,440,1880,1901]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FE07EA5AFDB23A36" box="[454,551,1881,1902]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is more cushion- shaped (up to
|
||
<quantity id="09460498FFAFFF98FC22EDC6FBB83D83" box="[995,1069,197,219]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" unit="cm" value="1.5">1.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
thickness), dark brown sponge.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FCFBEDE7FBD53DA1" authorityName="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" authorityYear="1997" box="[826,1088,228,249]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="galapagensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FCFBEDE7FBD53DA1" box="[826,1088,228,249]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis galapagensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presents an alveolar skeletal structure whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FBD7EC00FA9A3C40" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[1046,1295,259,280]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FBD7EC00FA9A3C40" box="[1046,1295,259,280]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FAD8EC00FAE53C40" box="[1305,1392,259,280]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
has a dense collagen layer, without skeletal specialization. The spicules also vary in size; diods are larger and in two size categories in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FB5AEC5DFA343C2B" authorityName="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" authorityYear="1997" box="[1179,1441,350,371]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="galapagensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FB5AEC5DFA343C2B" box="[1179,1441,350,371]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis galapagensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(126–165 by 4–8 μm and 27–92 by 1.5–4 μm) than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FCFBEC9FFBBD3CE9" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[826,1064,412,433]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FCFBEC9FFBBD3CE9" box="[826,1064,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FBF1EC9FFB103CE9" box="[1072,1157,412,433]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, which only presents one, smaller size category (17.5–77.5 by 1.3–3 μm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE01A97DFFAFFF98FC92ECDAFC17392A" blockId="12.[826,1442,197,1138]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FC1AECDAFA973CB7" authority="Levi, 1953" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1953" box="[987,1282,473,495]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FC1AECDAFB113CB7" box="[987,1156,473,495]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis nigra</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA2FD48CFFAFFF98FB4AECDAFA973CB7" author="Levi C" box="[1163,1282,473,495]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" pagination="853 - 855" refId="ref16489" refString="Levi C. 1953. Sur une nouvelle classification des Demosponges. Comptes rendus des seances de l'Academie des Sciences (Paris) 236: 853 - 855." type="journal article" year="1953">Lévi, 1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from the Red Sea and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FC65ECF4FA093F55" authority="Moraes & Muricy, 2003" authorityName="Moraes & Muricy" authorityYear="2003" box="[932,1436,503,525]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FC65ECF4FBE93F54" box="[932,1148,503,524]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis insularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA2FD48CFFAFFF98FB47ECFBFA093F55" author="Moraes FC & Muricy G" box="[1158,1436,503,525]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref16518" refString="Moraes FC, Muricy G. 2003. Taxonomy of Plakortis and Plakinastrella (Demospongiae: Plakinidae) from oceanic islands off north-eastern Brazil, with description of three new species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 83: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="2003">Moraes & Muricy, 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from north-east
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6A9E9EDFFAFFF98FC3AEF15FBD43F74" box="[1019,1089,534,556]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
are the only two species possessing small diods. The rest of the known species have diods bigger than 100 μm long (see
|
||
<tableCitation id="833C9CC6FFAFFF98FB10EF50FAB33F31" box="[1233,1318,595,617]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="13.[135,198,668,689]" captionText="Table 4. Comparative data for the dimensions of the spicules (in μm), locality and other characteristics of Plakortis clarionensis sp. nov. and Plakortis albicans, and other similar (in morphology and geography) Plakortis species for comparison. Values in parentheses are means" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Table 4</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FAFBEF50FCE23FDF" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1953" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FAFBEF50FCE23FDF" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FBC8EF71FB6E3FDF" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[1033,1275,626,647]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FBC8EF71FB6E3FDF" box="[1033,1275,626,647]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FAC2EF71FACD3FDF" box="[1283,1368,626,647]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in the black colour, porous surface, and because its skeletal structure is formed only by diods.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FB0AEFACFA343F9C" authorityName="Moraes & Muricy" authorityYear="2003" box="[1227,1441,687,708]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FB0AEFACFA343F9C" box="[1227,1441,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is encrusting, massive, rounded or flat in shape, and dark to light brown in colour. The skeleton is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FC6FEE08FBD93E78" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[942,1100,779,800]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FC6FEE08FBD93E78" box="[942,1100,779,800]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">P. clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FB92EE08FB3C3E78" box="[1107,1193,779,800]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, with diods and triods in low density forming a confuse structure. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FCFBEE4AFC2E3E05" authorityName="Moraes & Muricy" authorityYear="2003" box="[826,955,840,862]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FCFBEE4AFC2E3E05" box="[826,955,840,862]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">P. insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has larger diods, which always end in a sharp tip, whereas the diods in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FB6BEE64FA343E24" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[1194,1441,871,892]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FB6BEE64FA343E24" box="[1194,1441,871,892]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FCFBEE85FC063EC3" box="[826,915,902,923]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are smaller and end in a sharp or rounded tip.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FCADEEA7FBD33EE1" authorityName="Moraes & Muricy" authorityYear="2003" box="[876,1094,932,953]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FCADEEA7FBD33EE1" box="[876,1094,932,953]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
produces a dark brown substance when preserved, which was not observed in our specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FC19EEE2FB473EAE" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[984,1234,993,1014]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FC19EEE2FB473EAE" box="[984,1234,993,1014]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FB1AEEE2FAA63EAE" box="[1243,1331,993,1014]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The consistency of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FC74E903FBA4394D" authorityName="Moraes & Muricy" authorityYear="2003" box="[949,1073,1024,1045]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="insularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FC74E903FBA4394D" box="[949,1073,1024,1045]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">P. insularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is soft, compressible, and fragile, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09BED2FEFFAFFF98FC03E91CFB2F396C" authority="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo, 2014" authorityName="Cruz-Barraza & Vega & Carballo" authorityYear="2014" box="[962,1210,1055,1076]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="clarionensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCCA756FFFAFFF98FC03E91CFB2F396C" box="[962,1210,1055,1076]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="266">Plakortis clarionensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E7F9C814FFAFFF98FB02E91CFA8C396C" box="[1219,1305,1055,1076]" pageId="12" pageNumber="266" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
it is elastic and resistant at the surface, although the interior is fleshy.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |