302 lines
43 KiB
XML
302 lines
43 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="2518C5A88314160D4843E744613EC579">Revision and cladistic analysis of the Afrotropical endemic genus Smeringopus Simon, 1890 (Araneae: Pholcidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="38F25EF5237E14F0C86477BEECE78B4B">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03FBB532FFB3173BFF6A0F683BDEFECB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5256523" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194469087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5256523" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBB532FFB3173BFF6A0F683BDEFECB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FBB532FFB3173BFF6A0F683BDEFECB" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="C34857AFFFB31735FF6A0F683805FBAD" box="[151,559,1087,1113]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB31735FF6A0F683805FBAD" blockId="54.[151,559,1087,1146]" box="[151,559,1087,1113]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FF6A0F683805FBAD" ID-CoL="4XVHT" authority="Lessert, 1936" authorityName="Lessert" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,559,1087,1113]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lesnei">
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<emphasis id="B926D836FFB31735FF6A0F683805FBAD" bold="true" box="[151,559,1087,1113]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B926D836FFB31735FF6A0F683BAEFBAD" bold="true" box="[151,388,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Smeringopus lesnei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC379D5FFB31735FE760F683805FBAD" author="Lessert, R. de" box="[395,559,1087,1113]" firstAuthor="Lessert" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="207 - 306" part="43" refId="ref80581" refString="Lessert, R. de (1936) Araignees de l'Afrique orientale portugaise recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et H. - B. Cott. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 43, 207 - 306." title="Araignees de l'Afrique orientale portugaise recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et H. - B. Cott" type="journal article" year="1936">Lessert, 1936</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34857AFFFB31735FF6A0F35383CFB8E" box="[151,534,1122,1146]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB31735FF6A0F35383CFB8E" blockId="54.[151,559,1087,1146]" box="[151,534,1122,1146]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FF6A0F353B10FB8E" box="[151,314,1122,1146]" captionStart="FIGURES 256–267" captionStartId="45.[151,258,1721,1742]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,193,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-50@45.[151,1436,193,1700]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 256–267. Smeringopus natalensis group, left male palps, prolateral and retrolateral views. 256–257. S. natalensis. 258–259. S. koppies. 260–261. S. badplaas. 262–263. S. florisbad. 264–265. S. lesnei. 266–267. S. harare." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415723/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 264–265</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FEB80F353B80FB8E" box="[325,426,1122,1146]" captionStart="FIGURES 278–297" captionStartId="47.[151,258,1761,1782]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetId="figure-69@47.[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 278–297. Smeringopus natalensis group, epigyna, ventral views and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. 278–279. S. natalensis. 280–281. S. koppies. 282–283. S. badplaas. 284–285. S. florisbad. 286–287. S. lesnei. 288–289. S. blyde. 290–291. S. hanglip. 292–293. S. lydenberg. 294–295. S. mlilwane. 296–297. S. ndumo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415727/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">286–287</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FE480F35383CFB8E" box="[437,534,1122,1146]" captionStart="FIGURES 317–326" captionStartId="55.[151,257,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,484,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-173@55.[151,1436,483,1935]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 317–326. Smeringopus florisbad (317–321) and S. lesnei (322–326). 317, 322. Left cymbia and procursi, retrolateral views (asterisk marks variable detail; see text). 318, 323. Left procursi, prolateral views. 319–320, 324–325. Left bulbal processes, prolateral and dorsal views. 321, 326. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415738/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">322–326</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34857AFFFB31735FF6A0FF338FAFB4D" box="[151,720,1187,1210]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB31735FF6A0FF338FAFB4D" blockId="54.[151,720,1187,1210]" box="[151,720,1187,1210]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB42230AFFB31735FF6A0FF338FAFB4D" box="[151,720,1187,1210]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF32235FFB31735FF6A0FF33867FB4D" author="Lessert, R. de" box="[151,589,1187,1210]" page="235" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" year="1936">
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<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FF6A0FF33867FB4D" ID-CoL="4XVHT" authority="Lessert 1936: 234 - 235" authorityName="Lessert" authorityPageNumber="234 - 235" authorityYear="1936" box="[151,589,1187,1210]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lesnei">
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<emphasis id="B926D836FFB31735FF6A0FF33B76FB4E" box="[151,348,1188,1210]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Smeringopus lesnei</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC379D5FFB31735FE9E0FF33867FB4D" author="Lessert, R. de" box="[355,589,1187,1209]" firstAuthor="Lessert" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" page="234 - 235" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="207 - 306" part="43" refId="ref80581" refString="Lessert, R. de (1936) Araignees de l'Afrique orientale portugaise recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et H. - B. Cott. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 43, 207 - 306." title="Araignees de l'Afrique orientale portugaise recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et H. - B. Cott" type="journal article" year="1936">Lessert 1936: 234–235</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs. 29–30.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C34857AFFFB3173BFF6A0FB03BDEFECB" lastPageId="56" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB31735FF6A0FB0385AFAD6" blockId="54.[151,1436,1254,2034]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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Type.
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<materialsCitation id="3B3A0E79FFB31735FF1C0FB13841FAD6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3747820665" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="P. Lesne" country="Mozambique" latitude="-19.116667" location="Vila Pery" longLatPrecision="1273" longitude="33.45" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Manica Province" typeStatus="holotype">
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<specimenCount id="9D54CFADFFB31735FF1C0FB13B30FB0A" box="[225,282,1254,1278]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="male">Male</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus id="54E9BA86FFB31735FEDB0FB13BA2FB0A" box="[294,392,1254,1278]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="F34544B4FFB31735FE280FB13846FB0A" box="[469,620,1254,1278]" name="Mozambique" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4996CAC6FFB31735FD860FB1396AFB0A" box="[635,832,1254,1278]" country="Mozambique" name="Manica" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Manica Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location id="8E8D52FFFFB31735FCAD0FB13997FB0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBB532FFB3173BFF6A0F683BDEFECB:8E8D52FFFFB31735FCAD0FB13997FB0B" box="[848,957,1254,1279]" country="Mozambique" latitude="-19.116667" longLatPrecision="1273" longitude="33.45" name="Vila Pery" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" stateProvince="Manica Province">Vila Pery</location>
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[=Chimoio,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6662E3FFB31735FBAB0FB13E9EFB0A" box="[1110,1204,1254,1278]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" precision="925" value="-19.116667">19°07’S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE6662E3FFB31735FB380FB13F0CFB0A" box="[1221,1318,1254,1278]" degrees="33" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" precision="925" value="33.45">33°27’E</geoCoordinate>
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], date not given, leg.
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<collectorName id="26A761F2FFB31735FEEE0E5C3B59FAD6" box="[275,371,1291,1314]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">P. Lesne</collectorName>
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, in
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<collectionCode id="ED439CE1FFB31735FE660E5D3BDAFAD6" box="[411,496,1290,1314]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
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, examined
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB31735FF3A0E783B85F9EA" blockId="54.[151,1436,1254,2034]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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Note. The type specimen above is in poor condition. It seems to have been dry at some point and the chelicerae are missing. It originates from the type locality but may not even be the actual type for two reasons: first, there are two left (!) palps in the vial (but no further trace of a second male), suggesting that this may (partly?) be material collected later than the
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<typeStatus id="54E9BA86FFB31735FE5A0ECD3826FA46" box="[423,524,1434,1458]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. Second, a female accompanies the male but Lessert did not describe a female specimen. Either he erroneously considered the female a juvenile or the specimen was collected later than the
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<typeStatus id="54E9BA86FFB31735FF6A0EB53AD6FA0E" box="[151,252,1506,1530]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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. In any case,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC379D5FFB31735FE610EB5387EFA0E" author="Lessert, R. de" box="[412,596,1506,1530]" firstAuthor="Lessert's" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="207 - 306" part="43" refId="ref80581" refString="Lessert, R. de (1936) Araignees de l'Afrique orientale portugaise recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et H. - B. Cott. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 43, 207 - 306." title="Araignees de l'Afrique orientale portugaise recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et H. - B. Cott" type="journal article" year="1936">Lessert’s (1936)</bibRefCitation>
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good drawings of the bulb clearly indicate that the specimen above is at least correctly identified.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB31735FF3A0D7D3FB6F95A" blockId="54.[151,1436,1254,2034]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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Diagnosis. Distinguished from similar congeners (other species of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FBD00D7C3EB5F9B7" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1947" box="[1069,1183,1579,1603]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
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||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFB31735FBD00D7C3EB5F9B7" box="[1069,1183,1579,1603]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">natalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, especially
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<emphasis id="B926D836FFB31735FA7A0D7C39AAF992" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FA7A0D7C3B21F992" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1947" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">S. natalensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FEEB0D193BB0F992" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[278,410,1614,1638]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florisbad">S. florisbad</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FE580D193BD5F992" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[421,511,1614,1638]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blyde">S. blyde</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FDF60D193855F992" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[523,639,1614,1638]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koppies">S. koppies</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FD770D1938D9F992" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[650,755,1614,1638]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harare">S. harare</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FD030D1939AAF992" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[766,896,1614,1638]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badplaas">S. badplaas</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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) by shapes of bulbal processes (
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<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FB170D193FA5F992" box="[1258,1423,1614,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES 317–326" captionStartId="55.[151,257,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,484,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-173@55.[151,1436,483,1935]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 317–326. Smeringopus florisbad (317–321) and S. lesnei (322–326). 317, 322. Left cymbia and procursi, retrolateral views (asterisk marks variable detail; see text). 318, 323. Left procursi, prolateral views. 319–320, 324–325. Left bulbal processes, prolateral and dorsal views. 321, 326. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415738/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 324, 325</figureCitation>
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); from other close relatives by absence of process near palpal tarsal organ (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FC180D253E60F97E" box="[997,1098,1650,1674]" captionStart="FIGURES 317–326" captionStartId="55.[151,257,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,484,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-173@55.[151,1436,483,1935]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 317–326. Smeringopus florisbad (317–321) and S. lesnei (322–326). 317, 322. Left cymbia and procursi, retrolateral views (asterisk marks variable detail; see text). 318, 323. Left procursi, prolateral views. 319–320, 324–325. Left bulbal processes, prolateral and dorsal views. 321, 326. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415738/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 322</figureCitation>
|
||
), relatively straight procursus (ventrally), absence of prolateral process on procursus tip, and three black lines ventrally on abdomen (versus two).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB31734FF3A0DED3824FF20" blockId="54.[151,1436,1254,2034]" lastBlockId="55.[151,1436,151,428]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Male (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E9BA86FFB31735FEF20DED3B5DF926" box="[271,375,1722,1746]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Total body length ~4.0, carapace width ~1.4. Leg 1: 34.3 (9.1 + 0.5 + 8.8 + 14.0 + 1.9), tibia 2: 5.9, tibia 3: 4.4, tibia 4: 6.3; tibia 1 L/d: 58. Habitus similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FCB70D8939FDF902" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1947" box="[842,983,1758,1782]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFB31735FCB70D8939FDF902" box="[842,983,1758,1782]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FBF70D893E41F902" box="[1034,1131,1758,1782]" captionStart="FIGURES 243–255" captionStartId="44.[151,258,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-248@44.[151,1436,593,1877]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 243–255. Smeringopus natalensis group, habitus and male prosomata, oblique frontal views. 243–244. S. natalensis, male, dorsal and ventral views. 245–246. S. koppies, male, dorsal and ventral views. 247–248. S. hanglip, male, dorsal and ventral views. 249–250. S. lydenberg, female, dorsal and ventral views. 251. S. natalensis. 252. S. blyde. 253. S. hanglip. 254. S. lydenberg. 255. S. mlilwane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415721/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Fig. 243</figureCitation>
|
||
). Coloration difficult to see in type specimen but apparently very similar
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FD610C543906F8EF" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1947" box="[668,812,1795,1819]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFB31735FD610C543906F8EF" box="[668,812,1795,1819]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other close relatives (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FB820C553F0FF8EE" box="[1151,1317,1794,1818]" captionStart="FIGURES 243–255" captionStartId="44.[151,258,1898,1919]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,593,1877]" captionTargetId="figure-248@44.[151,1436,593,1877]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURES 243–255. Smeringopus natalensis group, habitus and male prosomata, oblique frontal views. 243–244. S. natalensis, male, dorsal and ventral views. 245–246. S. koppies, male, dorsal and ventral views. 247–248. S. hanglip, male, dorsal and ventral views. 249–250. S. lydenberg, female, dorsal and ventral views. 251. S. natalensis. 252. S. blyde. 253. S. hanglip. 254. S. lydenberg. 255. S. mlilwane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415721/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 243–246</figureCitation>
|
||
). Distance PME-PME 125 µm, diameter PME 140 µm, distance PME-ALE 55 µm, distance AME-AME 25 µm, diameter AME 110 µm. Ocular area slightly elevated, secondary eyes with very indistinct ‘pseudo-lenses’; deep thoracic pit. Chelicerae missing, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC379D5FFB31735FDEA0C383896F872" author="Lessert, R. de" box="[535,700,1902,1926]" firstAuthor="Lessert" journalOrPublisher="Revue suisse de Zoologie" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="207 - 306" part="43" refId="ref80581" refString="Lessert, R. de (1936) Araignees de l'Afrique orientale portugaise recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et H. - B. Cott. Revue suisse de Zoologie, 43, 207 - 306." title="Araignees de l'Afrique orientale portugaise recueillies par MM. P. Lesne et H. - B. Cott" type="journal article" year="1936">Lessert (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB31735FCF80C3939B6F872" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1906" box="[773,924,1902,1926]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peregrinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFB31735FCF80C3939B6F872" box="[773,924,1902,1926]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">S. peregrinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(with one pair of distal apophyses; cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FA990C393AD5F85E" captionStart="FIGURES 609–616" captionStartId="97.[151,258,1837,1858]" captionTargetBox="[160,1430,254,1816]" captionTargetId="figure-101@97.[151,1436,245,1831]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="FIGURES 609–616. Smeringopus peregrinus. 609. Left cymbium and procursus, retrolateral view. 610. Left procursus, prolateral view. 611–613. Left embolus, prolateral, dorsal, and ventral (slightly prolateral) views (arrow points to variable structure; see text). 614–615. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 616. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415804" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415804/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 614, 615</figureCitation>
|
||
). Palps as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FE670CC53841F85E" box="[410,619,1938,1962]" captionStart="FIGURES 256–267" captionStartId="45.[151,258,1721,1742]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,193,1688]" captionTargetId="figure-50@45.[151,1436,193,1700]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIGURES 256–267. Smeringopus natalensis group, left male palps, prolateral and retrolateral views. 256–257. S. natalensis. 258–259. S. koppies. 260–261. S. badplaas. 262–263. S. florisbad. 264–265. S. lesnei. 266–267. S. harare." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415723" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415723/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 264 and 265</figureCitation>
|
||
, coxa without retrolateral apophysis, trochanter barely modified, femur with retrolateral furrow with distinct rim proximally, cymbium without projection near tarsal organ, procursus ventrally almost straight, without prolateral process at tip (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB31735FCC20C8D39C3F806" box="[831,1001,2010,2034]" captionStart="FIGURES 317–326" captionStartId="55.[151,257,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,484,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-173@55.[151,1436,483,1935]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 317–326. Smeringopus florisbad (317–321) and S. lesnei (322–326). 317, 322. Left cymbia and procursi, retrolateral views (asterisk marks variable detail; see text). 318, 323. Left procursi, prolateral views. 319–320, 324–325. Left bulbal processes, prolateral and dorsal views. 321, 326. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415738/files/figure.png" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Figs. 322, 323</figureCitation>
|
||
), bulb with three distinctively shaped processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB21734FEE80BC03BE8FF5B" box="[277,450,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 317–326" captionStartId="55.[151,257,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,484,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-173@55.[151,1436,483,1935]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 317–326. Smeringopus florisbad (317–321) and S. lesnei (322–326). 317, 322. Left cymbia and procursi, retrolateral views (asterisk marks variable detail; see text). 318, 323. Left procursi, prolateral views. 319–320, 324–325. Left bulbal processes, prolateral and dorsal views. 321, 326. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415738/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Figs. 324, 325</figureCitation>
|
||
). All hairs missing on legs, retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 3.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB21734FF3A0B88398BFE90" blockId="55.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Female. In general similar to male; tibia
|
||
<quantity id="4CAAA9C1FFB21734FD610B8838E2FF03" box="[668,712,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D54CFADFFB21734FD2C0B883969FF03" box="[721,835,223,247]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
|
||
: 9.0, 11.1. Epigynum a simple plate without pockets (
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB21734FF620A533B2CFEE8" box="[159,262,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURES 278–297" captionStartId="47.[151,258,1761,1782]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetId="figure-69@47.[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 278–297. Smeringopus natalensis group, epigyna, ventral views and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. 278–279. S. natalensis. 280–281. S. koppies. 282–283. S. badplaas. 284–285. S. florisbad. 286–287. S. lesnei. 288–289. S. blyde. 290–291. S. hanglip. 292–293. S. lydenberg. 294–295. S. mlilwane. 296–297. S. ndumo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415727/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 286</figureCitation>
|
||
), not clearly distinguishable from close relatives (
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFB21734FCAE0A533BABFEB4" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB21734FCAE0A5339C2FEE8" authorityName="Lawrence" authorityYear="1947" box="[851,1000,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis">S. natalensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB21734FC0A0A533EAAFEE8" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[1015,1152,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florisbad">S. florisbad</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB21734FB720A533EC5FEE8" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[1167,1263,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blyde">S. blyde</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB21734FB020A533F5DFEE8" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[1279,1399,260,284]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koppies">S. koppies</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB21734FA7A0A533ACFFEB4" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="harare">S. harare</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB21734FF0A0A7F3BABFEB4" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[247,385,296,320]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="badplaas">S. badplaas</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); females from Nova Choupanga and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34544B4FFB21734FCA40A7039FBFECB" box="[857,977,295,319]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
are thus assigned tentatively; internal genitalia as in
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB21734FEC40A1B3B88FE90" box="[313,418,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 278–297" captionStartId="47.[151,258,1761,1782]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetId="figure-69@47.[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIGURES 278–297. Smeringopus natalensis group, epigyna, ventral views and cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. 278–279. S. natalensis. 280–281. S. koppies. 282–283. S. badplaas. 284–285. S. florisbad. 286–287. S. lesnei. 288–289. S. blyde. 290–291. S. hanglip. 292–293. S. lydenberg. 294–295. S. mlilwane. 296–297. S. ndumo." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415727" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415727/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Figs. 287</figureCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB21734FE250A1B3828FE90" box="[472,514,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 317–326" captionStartId="55.[151,257,1957,1978]" captionTargetBox="[162,1428,484,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-173@55.[151,1436,483,1935]" captionTargetPageId="55" captionText="FIGURES 317–326. Smeringopus florisbad (317–321) and S. lesnei (322–326). 317, 322. Left cymbia and procursi, retrolateral views (asterisk marks variable detail; see text). 318, 323. Left procursi, prolateral views. 319–320, 324–325. Left bulbal processes, prolateral and dorsal views. 321, 326. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.3 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415738/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">326</figureCitation>
|
||
(also very similar to close relatives).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB21734FF3A0A383942FE58" blockId="55.[151,1436,151,428]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Distribution. Known from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E9BA86FFB21734FDFB0A27381CFE7C" box="[518,566,368,392]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34544B4FFB21734FCDD0A383999FE73" box="[800,947,367,391]" name="Mozambique" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
and from
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D54CFADFFB21734FBC70A273EE2FE73" box="[1082,1224,367,391]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
that are assigned tentatively from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34544B4FFB21734FEAC0AC33BCFFE58" box="[337,485,404,428]" name="Mozambique" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
and eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34544B4FFB21734FD8F0AC338C0FE58" box="[626,746,404,428]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136918A1FFB21734FD040AC33971FE58" box="[761,859,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 299" captionStartId="50.[151,244,1319,1340]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,363,1305]" captionTargetId="figure-349@50.[151,1436,363,1305]" captionTargetPageId="50" captionText="FIGURE 299. Known distribution of the natalensis group except S. natalensis (cf. Fig. 298). Squares: further undescribed species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415732" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415732/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Fig. 299</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2D54ACFFB21734FF6A0CF239C8F801" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6415738" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6415738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6415738/files/figure.png" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" startId="55.[151,257,1957,1978]" targetBox="[162,1428,484,1927]" targetPageId="55">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED0424FFB21734FF6A0CF239C8F801" blockId="55.[151,1436,1957,2037]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFB21734FF6A0CF23B4AF84E" bold="true" box="[151,352,1957,1978]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">FIGURES 317–326.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB21734FE9B0CF23815F84E" authorityName="Huber" authorityYear="2012" box="[358,575,1957,1978]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="florisbad">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFB21734FE9B0CF23815F84E" box="[358,575,1957,1978]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Smeringopus florisbad</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(317–321) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C527FA7FFB21734FD2B0CF2390CF84E" authorityName="Lessert" authorityYear="1936" box="[726,806,1957,1978]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Smeringopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lesnei">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFB21734FD2B0CF2390CF84E" box="[726,806,1957,1978]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">S. lesnei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(322–326). 317, 322. Left cymbia and procursi, retrolateral views (asterisk marks variable detail; see text). 318, 323. Left procursi, prolateral views. 319–320, 324–325. Left bulbal processes, prolateral and dorsal views. 321, 326. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.3 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED0424FFBD173BFF3A0BC03ADBFF03" blockId="56.[151,1436,151,319]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628C7CA8FFBD173BFF3A0BC03B0CFF5B" box="[199,294,151,175]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Material</collectingCounty>
|
||
examined.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3A0E79FFBD173BFE550BC03AEBFF27" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3747820691" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="P. Lesne" country="Mozambique" county="Material" latitude="-17.166666" location="Nova Choupanga" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="34.883335" municipality="Vila Pery" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Manica" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34544B4FFBD173BFE550BC03847FF5B" box="[424,621,151,175]" name="Mozambique" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">MOZAMBIQUE</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFBD173BFD850BCF393AFF44" box="[632,784,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4996CAC6FFBD173BFD850BCF393AFF44" box="[632,784,152,176]" country="Mozambique" name="Manica" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Manica Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B899E5EFFBD173BFCE30BC039ADFF44" box="[798,903,151,176]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Vila Pery</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
[=Chimoio]:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D54CFADFFBD173BFBDF0BC03E6FFF5B" box="[1058,1093,151,175]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E9BA86FFBD173BFBB10BC03E84FF5B" box="[1100,1198,151,175]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
above, together with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D54CFADFFBD173BFF6A0BEB3A90FF27" box="[151,186,188,212]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3A0E79FFBD173BFF310BEB3AC7FF03" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3747820674" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="P. Lesne" country="Mozambique" county="Material" latitude="-17.166666" location="Nova Choupanga" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="34.883335" municipality="Vila Pery" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sofala Prov." typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFBD173BFF310BEB3B73FF20" box="[204,345,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4996CAC6FFBD173BFF310BEB3B73FF20" box="[204,345,188,212]" country="Mozambique" name="Sofala" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Sofala Prov.</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E8D52FFFFBD173BFE910BEB3819FF20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBB532FFB3173BFF6A0F683BDEFECB:8E8D52FFFFBD173BFE910BEB3819FF20" box="[364,563,188,212]" country="Mozambique" county="Material" latitude="-17.166666" longLatPrecision="1279" longitude="34.883335" municipality="Vila Pery" name="Nova Choupanga" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Sofala Prov.">Nova Choupanga</location>
|
||
[near Chemba?, ~
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6662E3FFBD173BFCED0BEB3946FF20" box="[784,876,188,212]" degrees="17" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="-17.166666">17°10’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6662E3FFBD173BFC800BEB39F4FF20" box="[893,990,188,212]" degrees="34" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="34.883335">34°53’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
], date not given, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A761F2FFBD173BFB190BEB3F62FF27" box="[1252,1352,188,211]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">P. Lesne</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D54CFADFFBD173BFAA50BEB3F50FF27" box="[1368,1402,188,212]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED439CE1FFBD173BFF6A0B883AC7FF03" box="[151,237,223,247]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BED0424FFBD173BFF3A0A533BDEFECB" blockId="56.[151,1436,151,319]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3A0E79FFBD173BFF3A0A533BDAFECB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3747820317" collectingDate="1958-03-18" collectionCode="R, CAS" collectorName="E. S. Ross & E. Leech" country="Zimbabwe" elevation="560" latitude="-19.416666" location="Mutare" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="32.566666" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Manicaland">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34544B4FFBD173BFF3A0A533B4EFEE8" box="[199,356,260,284]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">ZIMBABWE</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B926D836FFBD173BFE8C0A533BD2FEE8" box="[369,504,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4996CAC6FFBD173BFE8C0A533BD2FEE8" box="[369,504,260,284]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Manicaland" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">Manicaland</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<locationDeviation id="9A5F1D06FFBD173BFDF60A5338EBFEE8" box="[523,705,260,284]" location="Umtali" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<quantity id="4CAAA9C1FFBD173BFDF60A533864FEE8" box="[523,590,260,284]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6904576" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="mi" value="54.0">54 mi</quantity>
|
||
S Umtali
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
[=
|
||
<location id="8E8D52FFFFBD173BFD1C0A533912FEEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FBB532FFB3173BFF6A0F683BDEFECB:8E8D52FFFFBD173BFD1C0A533912FEEF" box="[737,824,260,283]" country="Zimbabwe" latitude="-19.416666" longLatPrecision="1271" longitude="32.566666" name="Mutare" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" stateProvince="Manicaland">Mutare</location>
|
||
] [~
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6662E3FFBD173BFC9D0A533994FEE8" box="[864,958,260,284]" degrees="19" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="-19.416666">19°25’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6662E3FFBD173BFC330A533E1AFEE8" box="[974,1072,260,284]" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" precision="925" value="32.566666">32°34’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
],
|
||
<elevation id="007FE317FFBD173BFBBB0A533EFBFEE8" box="[1094,1233,260,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="560.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4CAAA9C1FFBD173BFBBB0A533EBBFEEF" box="[1094,1169,260,284]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" unit="m" value="560.0">560 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEC22E4FFBD173BFB1D0A533F73FEE8" box="[1248,1369,260,284]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="1958-03-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA8DB0CFFBD173BFB1D0A533F73FEE8" box="[1248,1369,260,284]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" value="1958-03-18">18.iii.1958</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectorName id="26A761F2FFBD173BFA900A533AFAFECB" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E.S. Ross</collectorName>
|
||
, R.
|
||
<collectorName id="26A761F2FFBD173BFF080A7F3B76FECB" box="[245,348,295,319]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57">E. Leech</collectorName>
|
||
),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D54CFADFFBD173BFE8D0A703BB9FECB" box="[368,403,295,319]" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED439CE1FFBD173BFE4B0A703BDAFECB" box="[438,496,295,319]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15690" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34700" name="California Academy of Sciences" pageId="56" pageNumber="57" type="Museum">CAS</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |