229 lines
33 KiB
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229 lines
33 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="C730915169956A7C97B4E6FF53E3FD33">Illustrated guide to the echinoid (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) fauna of South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="D059F7AECFF60426D92084995124E705">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FE87F0FFACFFD0FF57FA7BFAE8F9F0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022574" ID-GBIF-Taxon="132650339" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022574" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE87F0FFACFFD0FF57FA7BFAE8F9F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE87F0FFACFFD0FF57FA7BFAE8F9F0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFACFFD7FF57FA7BFED5F9D4" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFACFFD7FF57FA7BFDBCF9F5" blockId="11.[151,629,1516,1575]" box="[151,629,1516,1542]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<heading id="D0A0818AFFACFFD7FF57FA7BFDBCF9F5" bold="true" box="[151,629,1516,1542]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFACFFD7FF57FA7BFDBCF9F5" bold="true" box="[151,629,1516,1542]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFACFFD7FF57FA7BFF6FF9F5" bold="true" box="[151,166,1516,1542]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">*</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFACFFD7FF6DFA7BFDBCF9F5" ID-CoL="3BTJX" authority="(Lamarck, 1816)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" box="[173,629,1516,1542]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Eucidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="metularia">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFACFFD7FF6DFA7BFE57F9F5" bold="true" box="[173,414,1516,1542]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Eucidaris metularia</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FE6EFA7BFDA4F9F5" author="Lamarck" box="[430,621,1516,1542]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Lamarck, J. B. (1816) Histoire Naturelle des Animaux sans Vertebres, presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leur classes, leurs familles, leurs generes, et le citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent; precedee d'une introduction offrant la d´etermination des caracteres essentiells de l'animal, sa distinction du vegetal et des autres corps naturels, enfin, l'exposition des principes fondamentaux de la Zoologie. Tome Troisieme. Verdiere, Paris, 586 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFACFFD7FF57F999FED5F9D4" blockId="11.[151,629,1516,1575]" box="[151,284,1550,1575]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFACFFD7FF57F999FF11F9D4" box="[151,216,1550,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,883,905]" captionTargetBox="[366,1244,195,858]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[340,1247,193,861]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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A–C.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFACFFD7FF57F9C0FC9FF8F5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFACFFD7FF57F9C0FDACF99E" blockId="11.[151,1437,1623,1798]" box="[151,613,1623,1645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFACFFD7FF57F9C0FDACF99E" box="[151,613,1623,1645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFACFFD7FF57F9C0FDA8F99E" authority=": A. Agassiz, 1863: 17" authorityName="A. Agassiz" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,609,1623,1645]" class="Echinoidea" family="Trigonocidaridae" genus="Genocidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Camarodonta" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="metularia">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFACFFD7FF57F9C0FEB5F99E" box="[151,380,1623,1645]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Genocidaris metularia</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FE4AF9C0FDA8F99E" author="Agassiz" box="[394,609,1623,1645]" page="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1863">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FE4AF9C0FDF2F99E" author="Agassiz" box="[394,571,1623,1645]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Agassiz, A. (1863) List of the echinoderms sent to different institutions in exchange for other specimens, with annotations. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 1, 253 - 308." type="journal article" year="1863">A. Agassiz, 1863</bibRefCitation>
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: 17
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFACFFD7FF57F9E2FBC3F978" blockId="11.[151,1437,1623,1798]" box="[151,1034,1653,1675]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFACFFD7FF57F9E2FBC3F978" box="[151,1034,1653,1675]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFACFFD7FF57F9E2FDF9F978" ID-CoL="VB8Y" authority=": A. Agassiz, 1872: 98" authorityName="A. Agassiz" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="1872" box="[151,560,1653,1675]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Cidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="metularia">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFACFFD7FF57F9E2FE85F978" box="[151,332,1653,1675]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cidaris metularia</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FE99F9E1FDF9F978" author="Agassiz" box="[345,560,1653,1675]" page="98" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1872">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FE99F9E1FDC3F978" author="Agassiz" box="[345,522,1653,1675]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Agassiz, A. (1872) Revision of the Echini. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 3, 1 - 378." type="journal article" year="1872">A. Agassiz, 1872</bibRefCitation>
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: 98
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 254, 385. Pl. I,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFACFFD7FD17F9E2FC83F978" box="[727,842,1653,1675]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 23" captionStart-1="FIGURE 24" captionStartId-0="25.[151,250,875,897]" captionStartId-1="26.[151,250,962,984]" captionTargetBox-0="[370,1246,194,845]" captionTargetBox-1="[368,1245,306,937]" captionTargetId-0="figure@25.[342,1249,193,848]" captionTargetId-1="figure@26.[340,1247,303,940]" captionTargetPageId-0="25" captionTargetPageId-1="26" captionText-0="FIGURE 23. Phormosoma placenta africana (SAMC- A 22250). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen." captionText-1="FIGURE 24. Aspidodiadema africanum (MBC-A 022216). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843373/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843375/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 23–24</figureCitation>
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, Pl. XXXV,
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<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFACFFD7FC08F9E2FBCFF978" box="[968,1030,1653,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1253,1275]" captionTargetBox="[194,1367,185,1223]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[154,1439,158,1263]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. The body plan of an irregular echinoids or heart urchin (Echinocardium cordatum), showing terminology of different body parts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843331/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFACFFD7FF57F903FC53F959" blockId="11.[151,1437,1623,1798]" box="[151,922,1684,1706]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFACFFD7FF57F903FC53F959" box="[151,922,1684,1706]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFACFFD7FF57F903FD78F959" ID-CoL="VBF3" authority=": Bell, 1904: 138" authorityName="Bell" authorityPageNumber="138" authorityYear="1904" box="[151,689,1684,1706]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Cidarites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="metularia" subGenus="Gymnocidaris">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFACFFD7FF57F903FDCDF959" box="[151,516,1684,1706]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Cidarites (Gymnocidaris) metularia</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FDD1F903FD78F959" author="Bell" box="[529,689,1684,1706]" page="138" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1904">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FDD1F903FDB7F959" author="Bell" box="[529,638,1684,1706]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Bell, F. J. (1904) The Echinodermata found off the coast of South Africa. I. Echinoidea. Marine Investigations in South Africa, 3, 167 - 175." type="journal article" year="1904">Bell, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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: 138
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FD7BF903FC5FF959" author="Doderlein" box="[699,918,1684,1706]" page="101" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1906">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FD7BF903FCAAF959" author="Doderlein" box="[699,867,1684,1706]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Doderlein, L. (1906) Die Echinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee- Expedition, 5, 61 - 290." type="journal article" year="1906">Döderlein, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 101
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFACFFD7FF57F924FC9FF8F5" blockId="11.[151,1437,1623,1798]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4711C8FFACFFD7FF57F924FC9FF8F5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFACFFD7FF57F924FD98F93A" ID-CoL="3BTJX" authority=": H. L. Clark, 1925 a: 20" authorityName=": H. L. Clark" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1925" box="[151,593,1715,1737]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Eucidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="metularia">
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<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFACFFD7FF57F924FEA2F93A" box="[151,363,1715,1737]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Eucidaris metularia:</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FEB0F923FD98F93A" author="Clark" box="[368,593,1715,1737]" page="20" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1925">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FEB0F923FDE2F93A" author="Clark" box="[368,555,1715,1737]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Clark, H. L. (1925 a) A Catalogue of the Recent Sea-urchins (Echinoidea) in the Collection of the British Museum (Natural History). Trustees of the British Museum, London, 250 pp." type="book" year="1925" yearSuffix="a">H.L. Clark, 1925a</bibRefCitation>
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: 20
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FD9BF923FCF7F93A" author="Clark" box="[603,830,1715,1737]" page="370" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1923">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FD9BF923FCC5F93A" author="Clark" box="[603,780,1715,1737]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Clark, H. L. (1923) The echinoderm fauna of South Africa. Annals of the South African Museum, 13 (7), 221 - 435." type="journal article" year="1923">H.L. Clark, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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: 370
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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; H.L. Clark 1925: 20;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FBE1F923FAC7F93A" author="Mortensen" box="[1057,1294,1715,1737]" page="386" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1928">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FBE1F923FB15F93A" author="Mortensen" box="[1057,1244,1715,1737]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Mortensen, T. (1928 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. I. Cidaroidea. C. A. Reitzel & Oxford University Press, Copenhagen & London, 551 pp." type="book" year="1928" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen, 1928a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 386
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Pl. XLI,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFACFFD7FAB0F924FF27F914" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1227,1249]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1253,1275]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,250,1696,1718]" captionStartId-4="11.[151,250,1247,1269]" captionStartId-5="12.[151,250,883,905]" captionStartId-6="13.[151,250,524,546]" captionStartId-7="13.[151,250,1454,1476]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1430,448,1187]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1421,1342,1713]" captionTargetBox-2="[194,1367,185,1223]" captionTargetBox-3="[170,1416,1376,1667]" captionTargetBox-4="[344,1242,451,1221]" captionTargetBox-5="[366,1244,195,858]" captionTargetBox-6="[366,1246,193,502]" captionTargetBox-7="[366,1247,1110,1433]" captionTargetId-0="figure@6.[151,1436,445,1206]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1436,1330,1731]" captionTargetId-2="figure@7.[154,1439,158,1263]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[151,1436,1356,1675]" captionTargetId-4="figure@11.[340,1247,447,1225]" captionTargetId-5="figure@12.[340,1247,193,861]" captionTargetId-6="figure@13.[340,1247,193,502]" captionTargetId-7="figure@13.[340,1247,1110,1433]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="11" captionTargetPageId-5="12" captionTargetPageId-6="13" captionTargetPageId-7="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Detail of regular echinoid: upper (Stomopneustes variolaris) and lower (Stereocidaris excavata) side, showing terminology of various body parts." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. The body plan of an irregular echinoids or heart urchin (Echinocardium cordatum), showing terminology of different body parts." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Tubercle types: A. perforated and non-crenulated (Stereocidaris alcocki). B. non-perforated and non-crenulated (Stomopneustes variolaris). C. perforated and crenulated (Chaetodiadema africanum)." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Histocidaris elegans (SAMC-A 22212): A. Side view of preserved specimen. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Kionocidaris striata (MBC-A 022213): A. Map showing distribution. B. Apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-7="FIGURE 8. Phyllacanthus imperialis (SAMC-A 23447): A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843327/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843329/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/843331/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/843333/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/843335/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/843339/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/843341/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 1–8</figureCitation>
|
||
, Pl. LXXIII,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFACFFD7FEB6F946FE7AF914" box="[374,435,1745,1767]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,883,905]" captionTargetBox="[366,1244,195,858]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[340,1247,193,861]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Eucidaris metularia (SAMC-A 28226): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Apical system of preserved specimen." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
. Pl. LXXXVI,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFACFFD7FD8DF946FD08F914" box="[589,705,1745,1767]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStart-3="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="15.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionStartId-2="17.[151,250,1183,1205]" captionStartId-3="18.[151,250,603,625]" captionTargetBox-0="[369,1245,1218,1785]" captionTargetBox-1="[383,1235,1111,1734]" captionTargetBox-2="[346,1245,592,1158]" captionTargetBox-3="[369,1246,196,580]" captionTargetId-0="figure@15.[340,1247,1217,1787]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[358,1236,1109,1736]" captionTargetId-2="figure@17.[340,1247,591,1161]" captionTargetId-3="figure@18.[340,1247,195,581]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionTargetPageId-2="17" captionTargetPageId-3="18" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Stereocidaris capensis (MB-A 077743): A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Stereocidaris excavata (SAMC-A 23320). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Stereocidaris squamosa (MBC-A 077750). A. Map showing distribution. B. Side view of preserved specimen. C. Close-up apical system of preserved specimen." captionText-3="FIGURE 14. Acanthocidaris maculicollis (SAMC- A 28233). A. Map showing distribution. B. Spine close-up view of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843349/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843351/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/843353/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/843355/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 11–14</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FD0BF946FC60F914" author="Richmond" box="[715,937,1745,1767]" page="295" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="1997">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FD0BF946FCB1F914" author="Richmond" box="[715,888,1745,1767]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Richmond, M. D. (1997) A Guide to the Seashores of Eastern Africa and the Western Indian Ocean Islands. Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA) and University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, 448 pp." type="book" year="1997">Richmond, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 295
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–296; Samyn, 2003: 197,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFACFFD7FB6EF946FB23F914" box="[1198,1258,1745,1767]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1752,1774]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,1342,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,1330,1731]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Body plan of an irregular echinoid or sand dollar (Clypeaster rarispinus), showing terminology of various body parts." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843329/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FAC9F946FF2AF8F5" author="Schultz" page="36" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FAC9F946FA50F914" author="Schultz" box="[1289,1433,1745,1767]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Schultz, H. (2010) Sea-Urchins, a Guide to Worldwide Shallow Water Species. 3 rd Edition. Scientific Publication, Hemdingen, 484 pp." type="book" year="2010">Schultz, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 36
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="136C2A63FFACFFD7FF2DF967FEA9F8F5" box="[237,352,1776,1798]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 61" captionStart-1="FIGURE 62" captionStart-2="FIGURE 63" captionStartId-0="53.[151,250,1480,1502]" captionStartId-1="54.[151,250,1016,1038]" captionStartId-2="54.[151,250,1980,2002]" captionTargetBox-0="[362,1265,907,1447]" captionTargetBox-1="[363,1245,564,993]" captionTargetBox-2="[373,1246,1383,1956]" captionTargetId-0="figure@53.[328,1266,906,1450]" captionTargetId-1="figure@54.[340,1247,563,995]" captionTargetId-2="figure@54.[340,1247,1381,1958]" captionTargetPageId-0="53" captionTargetPageId-1="54" captionTargetPageId-2="54" captionText-0="FIGURE 61. Echinocyamus scaber (MBC-A 022886). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of denuded test. D. Side view of preserved specimen." captionText-1="FIGURE 62. Echinodiscus bisperforatus (SAMC-A 22296). A. Map showing distribution. B. Aboral view of denuded test. C. Oral view of denuded test. D. Side view of denuded test." captionText-2="FIGURE 63. Pourtalesia alcocki (SAMC-A 22229). A. Map showing distribution. B. Lateral view of preserved specimen. C. Oral view of preserved specimen. D. Side view of preserved specimen." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/843449/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/843451/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/843453/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs 61–63</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF610F7FFACFFD7FEABF967FD57F8F5" author="Filander" box="[363,670,1776,1798]" page="48" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFACFFD7FEABF967FDB3F8F5" author="Filander" box="[363,634,1776,1798]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" refString="Filander, Z. & Griffiths, C. L. (2014) Additions to and revision of the South African echinoid fauna (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). African Natural History, 10, 47 - 56." type="journal article" year="2014">Filander & Griffiths, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 48
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 50). Pl. I, Fig. A.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFACFFD0FF57F8A4FC18FBA0" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFACFFD7FF57F8A4FA4AF860" blockId="11.[151,1436,1843,1940]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFACFFD7FF57F8A4FE46F8BF" bold="true" box="[151,399,1843,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
MBC-A
|
||
<date id="FFE91026FFACFFD7FDC3F8A4FD90F8BF" box="[515,601,1843,1868]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="06-02-22">022206</date>
|
||
; MBC-A
|
||
<date id="FFE91026FFACFFD7FD11F8A4FCEFF8B8" box="[721,806,1843,1867]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="33-02-22">022233</date>
|
||
; SAMC-A28199; SAMC-A28200; SAMC-A28201; SAMC-A28202; SAMC-A28203; SAMC-A23712; SAMC-A28204; SAMC-A28205; SAMC-A28206; SAMC-
|
||
<accessionNumber id="9404AB05FFACFFD7FF57F8ECFF3DF867" box="[151,244,1915,1940]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A28226" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="EnaNcbi">A28226</accessionNumber>
|
||
; SAMC-A28227; SAMC-A28228; SAMC-A28237; SAMC-A28238; SAMC-A28239; SAMC-A28240.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF28666EFFABFFD0FF57FCE4FDD1FC54" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/843337/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" targetBox="[366,1244,195,858]" targetPageId="12">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF57FCE4FDD1FC54" blockId="12.[151,1435,883,935]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF57FCE4FEDCFC7A" bold="true" box="[151,277,883,905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C574D65FFABFFD0FEDFFCE4FE27FC7A" authorityName=": H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1925" box="[287,494,883,905]" class="Echinoidea" family="Cidaridae" genus="Eucidaris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cidaroida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="metularia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FEDFFCE4FE27FC7A" box="[287,494,883,905]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Eucidaris metularia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMC-A28226):
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FD7AFCE4FD05FC7A" bold="true" box="[698,716,883,905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Map showing distribution.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FC38FCE4FBC0FC7A" bold="true" box="[1016,1033,883,905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">B</emphasis>
|
||
. Side view of preserved specimen.
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FA43FCE4FA5CFC7A" bold="true" box="[1411,1429,883,905]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Apical system of preserved specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF07FC59FC18FBA0" blockId="12.[151,1437,974,1539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF07FC59FEB9FC14" bold="true" box="[199,368,974,999]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Identification.</emphasis>
|
||
Test with well-defined plate outline, conspicuous apical disc, flat or evenly sunken, naked ocular usually exsert, but in some cases ocular I, IV and V may be insert; apical disc smaller than protruding peristome. Interporiferous zone of ambulacra somewhat naked. Spines short, stout, distally crown-shaped and sometimes tapered, distinctively banded, with longitudinal ridges distally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFABFFD0FF07FBC9FDDFFB10" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF07FBC9FC88FB84" blockId="12.[151,1437,974,1539]" box="[199,833,1118,1143]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF07FBC9FE1BFB84" bold="true" box="[199,466,1118,1143]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Global maximum size.</emphasis>
|
||
Maximum test diameter
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFABFFD0FD2BFBC8FCF4FB84" box="[747,829,1119,1143]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF07FB15FDDFFB10" blockId="12.[151,1437,974,1539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF07FB15FE7AFB68" bold="true" box="[199,435,1154,1179]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Global distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Mozambique, East coast region of South Africa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FC1AFB15FB37FB68" author="Filander" box="[986,1278,1154,1179]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Filander, Z. & Griffiths, C. L. (2014) Additions to and revision of the South African echinoid fauna (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). African Natural History, 10, 47 - 56." type="journal article" year="2014">Filander & Griffiths 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and Red Sea to Fiji, Gilbert and Hawaiian Islands, and from South Japan to north coast of Australia, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CAF9B03FFABFFD0FB13FB31FA9AFB4C" box="[1235,1363,1190,1215]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.875" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="0.05" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="287.5" valueMax="570.0" valueMin="5.0">5 – 570 m</quantity>
|
||
depth (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FF5EFB5CFEAEFB10" author="Mortensen" box="[158,359,1227,1251]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Mortensen, T. (1928 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. I. Cidaroidea. C. A. Reitzel & Oxford University Press, Copenhagen & London, 551 pp." type="book" year="1928" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen 1928a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FEB2FB5DFDC3FB10" author="Schultz" box="[370,522,1226,1251]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Schultz, H. (2010) Sea-Urchins, a Guide to Worldwide Shallow Water Species. 3 rd Edition. Scientific Publication, Hemdingen, 484 pp." type="book" year="2010">Schultz 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34D656DFFABFFD0FF07FB79FAE8F9F0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF07FB79FB2FFABC" blockId="12.[151,1437,974,1539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B923EAF4FFABFFD0FF07FB79FEF2FAF4" bold="true" box="[199,315,1262,1287]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FE84FB79FD40FAF4" author="Marshall" box="[324,649,1262,1287]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Marshall, D., Hodgson, A. & Pretorius, R. (1991) New southern geographical records of intertidal sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea), with notes on abundance. South African Journal of Zoology, 26 (4), 204 - 205." type="journal article" year="1991">Marshall & Hodgons (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported on a specimen collected in Presley Bay housed in the East London Museum, but gives no accession number for it. Seven records have been logged in the Royal Museum of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4993F804FFABFFD0FF57FAA1FF23FABC" box="[151,234,1334,1359]" country="Fiji" name="Central" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Central</collectingRegion>
|
||
Africa database and these form part of the samples collected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FC7EFAA0FB28FABC" author="Samyn" box="[958,1249,1334,1359]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Samyn, Y. & Thandar, A. S. (2003) Towards an understanding of the shallow-water echinoderm biodiversity of KwaZulu-Natal, Republic of South Africa. Echinoderm Research, 2001, 41 - 47." type="journal article" year="2003">Samyn & Thandar (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE836E6FFABFFD0FF07FACCFAE8F9F0" blockId="12.[151,1437,974,1539]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC64B17FFABFFD0FF07FACCFE69FA80" author="Mortensen" box="[199,416,1371,1395]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refString="Mortensen, T. (1928 a) A Monograph of the Echinoidea. I. Cidaroidea. C. A. Reitzel & Oxford University Press, Copenhagen & London, 551 pp." type="book" year="1928" yearSuffix="a">Mortensen (1928a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
highlights variations within the species, which include spines of some specimens being stout and blunt, whereas in other cases spines are fusiform, latter usually a feature of deep-water specimens. Moreover, color variation amongst adults and juveniles may also exist; young specimens being more vividly colored than adults. The number of longitudinal ridges may also vary with age, being greater in adults than in juveniles. However, none of the above variations where observed in specimens analysed by the authors.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |