205 lines
27 KiB
XML
205 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="FDB0C7993DB8188B7A3531D81A9A8069" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4272.3.2SLASH11167" ID-CLB-Dataset="32941" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4272.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3c6ad9b9-cc65-40f2-9acd-4de6c87a3b7d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="892486" ID-ZooBank="9FBB6A59-8299-495A-9857-004BC1027471" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1496129862905" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zhu, Jiachen, Achterberg, Cornelis Van & Chen, Xue-Xin" docDate="2017" docId="03E8F55ADC5DFFACFF58BE84F866F950" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4272.3.2SLASH11167.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4272 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phaenocarpa Foerster 1863" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="365" masterDocId="FFD18D22DC58FFA9FFCFBC53FA6AFFEB" masterDocTitle="A new genus and subgenus of Alysiini from China, with the description of two new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)" masterLastPageNumber="370" masterPageNumber="360" pageNumber="365" updateTime="1698440046641" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FFF94EE7350AD539DC3452979C443337">
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<mods:title id="DA649276D5C86A08AC192CEB936A968B">A new genus and subgenus of Alysiini from China, with the description of two new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1098920A7D1D6B959D0F7AF7F6204EC3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7717E06859A5A041EA0ADE5705946792">Zhu, Jiachen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5539CC2A2B45152266B3FCBA15ED55AA">Achterberg, Cornelis Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A2950F62B66507B97387299227630A8E">Chen, Xue-Xin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6E3F46372FAD224C679DABEDC0815E99">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D97D28F03F491D14B8C034BAA2C85189">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="84C79C99D93071B2CD00685A560C2BBB">4272</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03E8F55ADC5DFFACFF58BE84F866F950" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6038520" ID-GBIF-Taxon="131810769" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6038520" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E8F55ADC5DFFACFF58BE84F866F950" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E8F55ADC5DFFACFF58BE84F866F950" lastPageNumber="365" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
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<subSubSection id="C35B17C7DC5DFFACFF58BE84FA93FCF8" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFE444CDC5DFFACFF58BE84FB9AFD19" blockId="5.[151,496,727,787]" box="[151,496,727,754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
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<heading id="D0B6F320DC5DFFACFF58BE84FB9AFD19" bold="true" box="[151,496,727,754]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFF58BE84FB9AFD19" ID-CoL="6MDM" ID-ENA="58754" authority="Foerster, 1863" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1863" box="[151,496,727,754]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF58BE84FB9AFD19" bold="true" box="[151,496,727,754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
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||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF58BE84FB52FD1A" bold="true" box="[151,312,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Phaenocarpa</emphasis>
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Foerster, 1863
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BFE444CDC5DFFACFF58BEA9FA93FCF8" blockId="5.[151,496,727,787]" box="[151,249,762,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
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||
<figureCitation id="137A58C9DC5DFFACFF58BEA9FA93FCF8" box="[151,249,762,787]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStartId-0="7.[151,250,861,883]" captionStartId-1="8.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox-0="[349,1236,265,836]" captionTargetBox-1="[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetId-0="figure@7.[340,1247,265,840]" captionTargetId-1="figure@8.[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetPageId-0="7" captionTargetPageId-1="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Phaenocarpa (Clistalysia) platychora subgen. nov. et sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, hind leg, lateral aspect." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Phaenocarpa (Clistalysia) platychora subgen. nov. et sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, fore wing; B, hind wing; C, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; D, mesosoma, dorsal aspect; E, propodeum, first and second metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect; F, apex of ovipositor, lateral aspect; G, apex of ovipositor, dorsal aspect; H, head, anterior aspect; I, head, dorsal aspect; J, mandible, full view of second tooth; K, mandible, full view of third tooth; L, mandible, full view of first tooth; M, basal segments of antenna, lateral aspect; N, outer hind tarsal claw, lateral aspect." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/892494/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/892496/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35B17C7DC5DFFACFF58BF11FEEDFC00" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFE444CDC5DFFACFF58BF11FEEDFC00" blockId="5.[151,1436,834,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF58BF11FB71FCB0" bold="true" box="[151,283,834,859]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Synonymy.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFEEDBF10FBF4FCB0" box="[290,414,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Mesothesis</emphasis>
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Foerster, 1863;
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFD97BF10F8C9FCB0" box="[600,675,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Sathra</emphasis>
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Foerster, 1863;
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<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFC92BF10FEE3FCB0" authority="Foerster, 1863" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1863" box="[861,1161,834,859]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Homophyla" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFC92BF10F98AFCB0" box="[861,992,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Homophyla</emphasis>
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Foerster, 1863
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</taxonomicName>
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(as subgenus);
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<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFAF3BF10FB50FC94" authority="Foerster, 1863" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Idiolexis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFAF3BF10FFF6FCB0" box="[1340,1436,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Idiolexis</emphasis>
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Foerster, 1863
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</taxonomicName>
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(as subgenus
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFE2FBF35F824FC94" bold="true" box="[480,590,870,895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">stat. nov.</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFDAFBF35F8B2FC95" box="[608,728,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Asynaphes</emphasis>
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Provancher, 1886;
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<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFC74BF35FEA9FC94" authority="Ashmead, 1900" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[955,1219,870,895]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Kahliellidae" genus="Kahlia" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Urostylida" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFC74BF35FE6DFC95" box="[955,1031,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Kahlia</emphasis>
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Ashmead, 1900
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</taxonomicName>
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(as subgenus
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFAA6BF35FAA2FC48" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">stat. nov.</emphasis>
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);
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<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFF24BFD8F84BFC48" authority="Cameron, 1910" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1910" box="[235,545,907,931]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Stiralysia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF24BFD8FB3CFC48" box="[235,342,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Stiralysia</emphasis>
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Cameron, 1910
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFDF8BFD8F8BDFC48" box="[567,727,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Rhopaloneura</emphasis>
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Stelfox, 1941;
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFC6CBFD8FE00FC48" box="[931,1130,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Discphaenocarpa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFBB3BFD9FF00FC48" author="Belokobylskij" box="[1148,1386,906,931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Belokobylskij, S. A. (1998) 9. Alysiinae (Alysiini). In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Uol. 4. Pt 3. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 163 - 298." type="journal article" year="1998">Belokobylskij, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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(as subgenus);
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFEE1BFFDFB85FC2D" box="[302,495,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Neophaenocarpa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFDC3BFFDF96CFC2C" author="Belokobylskij" box="[524,774,942,967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Belokobylskij, S. A. (1998) 9. Alysiinae (Alysiini). In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Uol. 4. Pt 3. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 163 - 298." type="journal article" year="1998">Belokobylskij, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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(id.);
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFCB7BFFDFE5AFC2D" box="[888,1072,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Sibphaenocarpa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFB82BFFDFF2DFC2C" author="Belokobylskij" box="[1101,1351,942,967]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Belokobylskij, S. A. (1998) 9. Alysiinae (Alysiini). In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Uol. 4. Pt 3. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 163 - 298." type="journal article" year="1998">Belokobylskij, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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(id.);
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF58BF80FB30FC00" box="[151,346,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Uncphaenocarpa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFEAFBF81F829FC00" author="Belokobylskij" box="[352,579,978,1003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Belokobylskij, S. A. (1998) 9. Alysiinae (Alysiini). In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Uol. 4. Pt 3. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 163 - 298." type="journal article" year="1998">Belokobylskij, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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(id.);
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFD47BF80F935FC00" box="[648,863,979,1003]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Ussurphaenocarpa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFCA9BF81FE23FC00" author="Belokobylskij" box="[870,1097,978,1003]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Belokobylskij, S. A. (1998) 9. Alysiinae (Alysiini). In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Uol. 4. Pt 3. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 163 - 298." type="journal article" year="1998">Belokobylskij, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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(id.).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C35B17C7DC5DFFACFF08BFA5FF6FF9A4" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph id="8BFE444CDC5DFFACFF08BFA5FAA2FB90" blockId="5.[151,1436,834,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
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||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF08BFA5FB2BFBE4" bold="true" box="[199,321,1014,1039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Vein 3-SR of fore wing longer than vein 2-SR (
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<figureCitation id="137A58C9DC5DFFACFC96BFA5F9F1FBE4" box="[857,923,1014,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Phaenocarpa (Clistalysia) platychora subgen. nov. et sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, fore wing; B, hind wing; C, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; D, mesosoma, dorsal aspect; E, propodeum, first and second metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect; F, apex of ovipositor, lateral aspect; G, apex of ovipositor, dorsal aspect; H, head, anterior aspect; I, head, dorsal aspect; J, mandible, full view of second tooth; K, mandible, full view of third tooth; L, mandible, full view of first tooth; M, basal segments of antenna, lateral aspect; N, outer hind tarsal claw, lateral aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/892496/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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A),
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<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFC09BFA5F9B2FBE4" bold="true" box="[966,984,1014,1039]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">if</emphasis>
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subequal then vein M+CU of hind wing shorter than vein 1-M (
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<figureCitation id="137A58C9DC5DFFACFE53B849FBB5FBD8" box="[412,479,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Phaenocarpa (Clistalysia) platychora subgen. nov. et sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, fore wing; B, hind wing; C, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; D, mesosoma, dorsal aspect; E, propodeum, first and second metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect; F, apex of ovipositor, lateral aspect; G, apex of ovipositor, dorsal aspect; H, head, anterior aspect; I, head, dorsal aspect; J, mandible, full view of second tooth; K, mandible, full view of third tooth; L, mandible, full view of first tooth; M, basal segments of antenna, lateral aspect; N, outer hind tarsal claw, lateral aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/892496/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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A); third antennal segment shorter than fourth segment (
|
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<figureCitation id="137A58C9DC5DFFACFB95B849FEF6FBD8" box="[1114,1180,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Phaenocarpa (Clistalysia) platychora subgen. nov. et sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, fore wing; B, hind wing; C, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; D, mesosoma, dorsal aspect; E, propodeum, first and second metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect; F, apex of ovipositor, lateral aspect; G, apex of ovipositor, dorsal aspect; H, head, anterior aspect; I, head, dorsal aspect; J, mandible, full view of second tooth; K, mandible, full view of third tooth; L, mandible, full view of first tooth; M, basal segments of antenna, lateral aspect; N, outer hind tarsal claw, lateral aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/892496/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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M); vein CU1b of fore wing longer than vein 3-CU1 (
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<figureCitation id="137A58C9DC5DFFACFE23B86DF844FBBC" box="[492,558,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[340,1247,553,1809]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. Phaenocarpa (Clistalysia) platychora subgen. nov. et sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, fore wing; B, hind wing; C, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; D, mesosoma, dorsal aspect; E, propodeum, first and second metasomal tergites, dorsal aspect; F, apex of ovipositor, lateral aspect; G, apex of ovipositor, dorsal aspect; H, head, anterior aspect; I, head, dorsal aspect; J, mandible, full view of second tooth; K, mandible, full view of third tooth; L, mandible, full view of first tooth; M, basal segments of antenna, lateral aspect; N, outer hind tarsal claw, lateral aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/892496/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
A); apex of ovipositor sheath nearly always without spine and often blunt (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137A58C9DC5DFFACFAA1B86DFACDFB90" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,861,883]" captionTargetBox="[349,1236,265,836]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[340,1247,265,840]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phaenocarpa (Clistalysia) platychora subgen. nov. et sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, hind leg, lateral aspect." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/892494/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE444CDC5DFFACFF08B8D5FF6FF9A4" blockId="5.[151,1436,834,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF08B8D5FB20FB74" bold="true" box="[199,330,1158,1183]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
|
||
The large genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFDE3B8D5F8A9FB75" box="[556,707,1158,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFDE3B8D5F8A9FB75" box="[556,707,1158,1182]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Phaenocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
contains some aberrant groups, which for the moment are recognised as subgenera (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFE78B8F9F8CBFB28" author="Belokobylskij" box="[439,673,1194,1219]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Belokobylskij, S. A. (1998) 9. Alysiinae (Alysiini). In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), Key to the insects of Russian Far East. Uol. 4. Pt 3. Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Dal'nauka, Vladivostok, pp. 163 - 298." type="journal article" year="1998">Belokobylskij, 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Two former genera are re-instated as subgenus, because their type species possess also aberrant character-states:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFD78B89DFE2FFB0C" authority="Ashmead, 1900 (Nearctic)" authorityName="Ashmead, 1900 (Nearctic" box="[695,1093,1230,1255]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Kahliellidae" genus="Kahlia" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Urostylida" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFD78B89DF969FB0D" box="[695,771,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Kahlia</emphasis>
|
||
Ashmead, 1900 (Nearctic)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFB46B89DFB4DFAE0" authority="Foerster, 1863 (Palaearctic)" authorityName="Foerster, 1863 (Palaearctic" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Idiolexis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFB46B89DFE83FB0D" box="[1161,1257,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Idiolexis</emphasis>
|
||
Foerster, 1863 (Palaearctic)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both because of aberrant venation of the hind wing.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFCBAB8A0F9BFFAE0" box="[885,981,1267,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Idiolexis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFCBAB8A0F9BFFAE0" box="[885,981,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Idiolexis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFB2CB8A0FF10FAE0" box="[1251,1402,1267,1291]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFB2CB8A0FF10FAE0" box="[1251,1402,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Phaenocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFF58B945FB33FAC4" author="Szepligeti" box="[151,345,1302,1327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Szepligeti, G. (1904) Hymenoptera. Fam. Braconidae. Genera Insectorum, 22, 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1904">Szépligeti (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and again by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFE36B945F8DBFAC4" author="Wharton" box="[505,689,1302,1327]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Wharton, R. A. (2002) Revision of the Australian Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Invertebrate Systematics, 16 (1), 7 - 105. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / IT 01012" type="journal article" year="2002">Wharton (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The type species has a different hind wing venation (vein M+CU about as long as vein 1-M and vein r faintly developed) and the first subdiscal cell of the fore wing is small.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFA9FB968FFF6FAB8" box="[1360,1436,1339,1363]" class="Hypotrichea" family="Kahliellidae" genus="Kahlia" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Urostylida" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Ciliophora" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFA9FB968FFF6FAB8" box="[1360,1436,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Kahlia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was also synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFE2CB90DF810FA9D" box="[483,634,1374,1398]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Phaenocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFE2CB90DF810FA9D" box="[483,634,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Phaenocarpa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFD63B90DF918FA9C" author="Szepligeti" box="[684,882,1374,1399]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Szepligeti, G. (1904) Hymenoptera. Fam. Braconidae. Genera Insectorum, 22, 1 - 253." type="journal article" year="1904">Szépligeti (1904)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and usually treated as such (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFACDB90DFFFDFA9C" author="Marsh" box="[1282,1431,1374,1399]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Marsh, P. M. (1979) Braconidae. Aphidiidae. Hybrizontidae. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd Jr., P. D., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds.), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, pp. 144 - 313." type="book chapter" year="1979">Marsh, 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFF58B9D0FB75FA70" author="Braet" box="[151,287,1410,1435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Braet, Y. (2006) Coup d'oeil sur la biodiversite des Braconidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) de Guyane francaise et reclassification de certaines especes decrites par Brulle. Bulletin de la Societe Royale Belge d'Entomologie, 142 (7 - 12), 155 - 172." type="journal article" year="2006">Braet, 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It was treated as subgenus by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFD4EB9D0F960FA70" author="Papp" box="[641,778,1410,1435]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Papp, J. (1967) A synopsis of the Phaenocarpa Forst. species of the Oriental Region (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae). Reichenbachia, 8, 139 - 157." type="journal article" year="1967">Papp (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but with a different diagnosis (antenna very long and with more than 50 segments) that may not fit the type species (the antenna are broken in the holotype). The type species has vein cu-a of the hind wing absent or largely so, and a short vein M+CU; it is only known from the male holotype and the future discovery of the female may change the status of the subgenus. In this paper we describe a new Oriental subgenus:
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFE67BA40F84AF9C0" box="[424,544,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Clistalysia</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFDE8BA41F832F9C0" bold="true" box="[551,600,1554,1579]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">nov.</emphasis>
|
||
, because of its highly aberrant morphology of the ovipositor, the different hind wing venation (vein M+CU about as long as vein 1-M) and the widened third antennal segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35B17C7DC5DFFACFF08BA09FBCDF97C" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE444CDC5DFFACFF08BA09FBCDF97C" blockId="5.[151,1436,834,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF08BA09FB4DF998" bold="true" box="[199,295,1626,1651]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Large genus, containing koinobiont endoparasitoids of larvae of cyclorrhaphous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C413FCFDC5DFFACFB11BA09FF58F998" box="[1246,1330,1626,1651]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
in many niches (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD039BDDC5DFFACFF22BA2DFBF1F97C" author="Wharton" box="[237,411,1662,1687]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" refString="Wharton, R. A. (1984) Biology of the Alysiini (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitoids of cyclorrhaphous Diptera. Texas Agricultural Experimental Station. Technical Monograph, 11, 1 - 39." type="journal article" year="1984">Wharton, 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35B17C7DC5DFFACFF08BAF1F866F950" box="[199,524,1698,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFE444CDC5DFFACFF08BAF1F866F950" blockId="5.[151,1436,834,1723]" box="[199,524,1698,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">
|
||
<emphasis id="B935985EDC5DFFACFF08BAF1FB33F950" bold="true" box="[199,345,1698,1723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="365">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Cosmopolitan.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |