153 lines
18 KiB
XML
153 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="43FF0FD068DF1D51AE1BDA3FAFF13C0F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.7917435" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7917435" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1683577889341" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Penney, David" docDate="2007" docId="03D587F9A07DFF95CCE448708442F9B1" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.48.1.71–75.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 48 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A.3:AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleId="C20B10C002986E51083406A4EACF003A" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2001-2007.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Orchestina parisiensis Penney 2007, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="FFECFF81A07CFF97CD144D238518FF3A" masterDocTitle="A new fossil oonopid spider in lowermost Eocene amber from the Paris Basin, with comments on the fossil spider assemblage" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="72" updateTime="1699498920745" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8C3392C56BA9EB8DDC4A14E6DF361EB8">A new fossil oonopid spider in lowermost Eocene amber from the Paris Basin, with comments on the fossil spider assemblage</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="22B93A3AB1F260E29F2FC50D1D1F8A95" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5BEAFCA5A770B01AEFC0E53CE9892D90">Penney, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E6E77DBAD30EC43B74B8ADECD1ED1760">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4D55C09B71876FF6B25C3C39A9BAF194">
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<mods:date id="C3F78B5A67BD1C92795BF4A255F1CDF2">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1DEF8CAD1EF29F7E0FC59392C261ACDE">2007-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="75C93D995C7BECC0F69E7B372DFA0BF3">48</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1FF7539F85574D119C2EFF5577524651" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.7917435</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C8173490271BC19277FAF930FD005CBE" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D587F9A07DFF95CCE448708442F9B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7910812" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7910812" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D587F9A07DFF95CCE448708442F9B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D587F9A07DFF95CCE448708442F9B1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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<subSubSection id="C3666564A07DFF96CCE448708623FA56" box="[496,827,1363,1388]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07DFF96CCE448708623FA56" blockId="1.[181,1142,1363,1674]" box="[496,827,1363,1388]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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<heading id="D08B8183A07DFF96CCE448708623FA56" box="[496,827,1363,1388]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D6CA07DFF96CCE4487087E0FA56" authority="Penney, 2007" authorityName="Penney" authorityYear="2007" box="[496,760,1363,1388]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07DFF96CCE4487087E0FA56" bold="true" box="[496,760,1363,1388]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Orchestina parisiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B5786A07DFF96CFEB48708623FA56" box="[767,827,1363,1388]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3666564A07DFF95CF61485A8442F9B1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07DFF96CF61485A87AEFAA8" blockId="1.[181,1142,1363,1674]" box="[629,694,1401,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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<figureCitation id="13472A6AA07DFF96CF61485A87AEFAA8" box="[629,694,1401,1426]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[143,176,888,908]" captionTargetBox="[178,1079,205,869]" captionTargetId="figure-300@2.[178,1085,205,869]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Orchestina parisiensis sp. n., holotype PA 759 (lowermost Eocene amber from Le Quesnoy, Paris Basin, France): (A) dorsal view of the specimen in amber, (B) details of the body structures, dorsal view. Abbreviations: (b) bulb, (c) cymbium, (car) carapace, (e) embolus, (fe) femur, (op) opisthosoma, (pp) pedipalp, (ti) tibia. Scale bar 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917437/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07DFF96CDA148828724FA80" blockId="1.[181,1142,1363,1674]" box="[181,572,1441,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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Etymology: After the
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07DFF96CCBF488284C3FA80" box="[427,475,1441,1466]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">type</typeStatus>
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locality.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07DFF96CDA148EA8416F978" blockId="1.[181,1142,1363,1674]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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Diagnosis: The main diagnostic characters of male
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D6CA07DFF96CFCC48EA8649FADB" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1882" box="[728,849,1481,1505]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07DFF96CFCC48EA8649FADB" box="[728,849,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">Orchestina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are the relative proportions of the palpal segments and the shape of the embolus (Wunderlich 2004). The bifid tip of the embolus and the embolus length relative to that of the bulb distinguish the new species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07DFF95CDA14B7286D9FBF9" blockId="1.[181,1142,1363,1674]" lastBlockId="2.[144,1104,1034,1675]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="1" pageNumber="72">
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Description (based primarily on
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07DFF96CF074B728761F950" box="[531,633,1617,1642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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): Body length approximately 1.0 mm; carapace
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07DFF96CDA14B528401F9B0" box="[181,281,1649,1674]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="0.54">0.54 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07DFF96CC4B4B5284DBF9B0" box="[351,451,1649,1674]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="0.43">0.43 mm</quantity>
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wide, domed and without the long, erect setae often observed in other fossil
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D6CA07EFF95CC3A492984B1FB18" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1882" box="[302,425,1034,1058]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07EFF95CC3A492984B1FB18" box="[302,425,1034,1058]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Orchestina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Six eyes in the segestroid position (
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07EFF95CE5549298667FB18" box="[833,895,1034,1058]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">sensu</emphasis>
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Wunderlich 2004) typical of the genus. Opisthosoma approximately
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07EFF95CFA149098611FB79" box="[693,777,1066,1091]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07EFF95CE59490986B9FB79" box="[845,929,1066,1091]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
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wide. Femur of leg 4 (as seen in the
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07EFF95CC6E496984C4FB59" box="[378,476,1098,1123]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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) distinctly larger than legs 1–3; all legs without spines. The pedipalp is clearly visible in the
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07EFF95CF3B4949878DFBB9" box="[559,661,1130,1155]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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: tibia
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07EFF95CFCC49498624FBB9" box="[728,828,1130,1155]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="0.16">0.16 mm</quantity>
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long,
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07EFF95CE97494986FFFBB9" box="[899,999,1130,1155]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.10 mm</quantity>
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high, the cymbium is small and highly setose, bulb subspherical,
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07EFF95CFEB49A9867BFB99" box="[767,867,1162,1187]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
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wide,
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07EFF95CEB949A98108FB99" box="[941,1040,1162,1187]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="0.11">0.11 mm</quantity>
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high; embolus
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<quantity id="4C849B0AA07EFF95CDE149898441FBF9" box="[245,345,1194,1219]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="0.07">0.07 mm</quantity>
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long with a kink distally and with a bifid tip (
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<figureCitation id="13472A6AA07EFF95CE48498986AAFBF9" box="[860,946,1194,1219]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[143,176,888,908]" captionTargetBox="[178,1079,205,869]" captionTargetId="figure-300@2.[178,1085,205,869]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1. Orchestina parisiensis sp. n., holotype PA 759 (lowermost Eocene amber from Le Quesnoy, Paris Basin, France): (A) dorsal view of the specimen in amber, (B) details of the body structures, dorsal view. Abbreviations: (b) bulb, (c) cymbium, (car) carapace, (e) embolus, (fe) femur, (op) opisthosoma, (pp) pedipalp, (ti) tibia. Scale bar 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917437/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
<caption id="DF036667A07EFF95CD9B4E5B87F4FCEE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7917437" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7917437" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7917437/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" startId="2.[143,176,888,908]" targetBox="[178,1079,205,869]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
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||
<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07EFF95CD9B4E5B87F4FCEE" blockId="2.[143,1103,888,980]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
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||
Fig. 1.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D6CA07EFF95CDC54E5B8485FCB6" authority="Penney, 2007" authorityName="Penney" authorityYear="2007" box="[209,413,888,908]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parisiensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07EFF95CDC54E5B8485FCB6" box="[209,413,888,908]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Orchestina parisiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23B5786A07EFF95CCB04E5B84CFFCB6" box="[420,471,888,908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, holotype PA 759 (lowermost Eocene amber from Le Quesnoy, Paris Basin, France): (A) dorsal view of the specimen in amber, (B) details of the body structures, dorsal view. Abbreviations: (b) bulb, (c) cymbium, (car) carapace, (e) embolus, (fe) femur, (op) opisthosoma, (pp) pedipalp, (ti) tibia. Scale bar 0.5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07EFF95CD8449F384C0FA7E" blockId="2.[144,1104,1034,1675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
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<materialsCitation id="3B143CB2A07EFF95CD8449F384C0FA7E" collectorName="Le Quesnoy" country="France" location="FRANCE" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07EFF95CD8449F385F0FBDE" box="[144,232,1232,1252]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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: PA 759, male, visible in dorsal view, opisthosoma collapsed and covered with a white emulsion as commonly observed in Baltic amber inclusions, spinnerets not visible, only third left leg present and only femur and patella can be seen but are not in a position conducive to taking measurements; there is one cyclorraphan fly syninclusion preserved directly below the
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07EFF95CFD4483B860BFA16" box="[704,787,1304,1324]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="F36B767FA07EFF95CE0A483B8663FA16" box="[798,891,1304,1324]" name="France" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">FRANCE</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07EFF95CE93483B86A9FA16" box="[903,945,1304,1324]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Oise</emphasis>
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||
: Paris Basin,
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<collectorName id="26895339A07EFF95C92C483B85FCFA7E" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Le Quesnoy</collectorName>
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; lowermost Eocene amber.
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07EFF95CD8448738772FA5E" blockId="2.[144,1104,1034,1675]" box="[144,618,1360,1380]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07EFF95CD84487385FBFA5E" box="[144,227,1360,1380]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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: PA 1909, male, same data as the holotype.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC336EFA07EFF95CD8448518442F9B1" blockId="2.[144,1104,1034,1675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">
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Remarks: This is the first spider species to be described from French amber. Based on the palpal structure and particularly the bifid tip of the embolus, the new species is probably most closely related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D6CA07EFF95CCED48918657FAF1" authority="Petrunkevitch, 1942" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1942" box="[505,847,1458,1483]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baltica">
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07EFF95CCED48918770FAF0" box="[505,616,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">O. baltica</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B1EA07EFF95CF7A48918657FAF1" author="PETRUNKEVITCH, A." box="[622,847,1458,1483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" pagination="119 - 464" refId="ref2928" refString="PETRUNKEVITCH, A. 1942. A study of amber spiders. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences 34: 119 - 464, pls 1 - 69." type="journal article" year="1942">Petrunkevitch, 1942</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="EFED4B1EA07EFF95CE9348918153FAF1" author="WUNDERLICH, J." box="[903,1099,1458,1483]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" pagination="83 - 113" refId="ref3152" refString="WUNDERLICH, J. 1981. Fossile Zwerg-Sechsaugenspinnen (Oonopidae) der Gattung Orchestina Simon, 1882 im Bernstein, mit Anmerkungen zur Sexual-Biologie (Arachnida, Araneae). Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Palaontologischen Institut der Universitat Hamburg 51: 83 - 113." type="journal article" year="1981">Wunderlich 1981</bibRefCitation>
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, fig. 4, 2004, figs 8k–m). However, the embolus of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D6CA07EFF95CFAC48F1863EFAD0" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1942" box="[696,806,1490,1514]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="baltica">
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07EFF95CFAC48F1863EFAD0" box="[696,806,1490,1514]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">O. baltica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is longer than the height of the bulb, whereas that of the new species is shorter. The
|
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07EFF95CFE248D18640F931" box="[758,856,1522,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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was selected based on the exceptional view of the pedipalp (the most important structure for species identification in spiders). However, in this specimen the fourth pair of legs is missing, but these are preserved in the
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<typeStatus id="54C7884DA07EFF95CCD74B71873BF951" box="[451,547,1618,1643]" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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and have the thickened femur diagnostic of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7C4D6CA07EFF95CDCC4B51844BF9B0" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1882" box="[216,339,1650,1674]" class="Arachnida" family="Oonopidae" genus="Orchestina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B908EAFDA07EFF95CDCC4B51844BF9B0" box="[216,339,1650,1674]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="73">Orchestina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |