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<document id="3FA3BD599ABAFD40F8E9B02277ED4AFB" ID-CLB-Dataset="46232" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.205387" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7760eb64-e5d4-4c83-9934-64a603f461b2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="205387" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460396634351" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Naderloo, Reza" docDate="2011" docId="03AACA4C4A4A6D7855F90EAAF66CF835" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03048p043.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3048" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chiromantes boulengeri Calman 1920" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FF93B2344A446D77556E0D7EF408FFBF" masterDocTitle="Grapsoid crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Thoracotremata) of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698298771184" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="2F60DED1664673134F24F1E3A330990D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="B1F2A7B5F806EF9D752D30333CF10FB2">
<mods:title id="74BEBF19E10DB5E79DB4B9D5E73BAAB7">Grapsoid crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Thoracotremata) of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="71B4B5518A6529B8EBC73FC482DB5CE9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="412B7B59F40994234AA464CE9546CCEF">
<mods:roleTerm id="E5D254A01D3C0E35CF4DAED634959BD7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6747A4D5CD7E4A8967FC827039655A67">Naderloo, Reza</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C933DB6B707271042B0A75C8E5963070">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="59892A55D30135A43500560E4F839728">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="01C8982198FDF8EA452098E0A27BDD9F">
<mods:date id="4DE14DB2C6A80C1FB1257162CF38A33D">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8802EC392507436BAC8C026FAA31153A" type="volume">
<mods:number id="088850F90D826464751A5CBFABC0D53F">3048</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="A6EAB150B26231382D5DA9537DF4B539">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D7C62502D1DC775C7E7456663CE8B232" type="CLB-Dataset">46232</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0E3504FED02F1CF0437587347848506A" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.205387</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0CA7553EE49B320D23BFF22A6E8F92F3" type="GBIF-Dataset">7760eb64-e5d4-4c83-9934-64a603f461b2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="65D09BEDB5E30DF5F40C5545F5B0EE2E" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B3C88D12AA3F425220AACA2CA9BA5639" type="Zenodo-Dep">205387</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03AACA4C4A4A6D7855F90EAAF66CF835" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3510794" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119418204" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3510794" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AACA4C4A4A6D7855F90EAAF66CF835" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AACA4C4A4A6D7855F90EAAF66CF835" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A4A6D7955F90EAAF556FBAE" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955F90EAAF68CFC51" blockId="14.[151,644,980,1041]" box="[151,644,980,1006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D0F4CC364A4A6D7955F90EAAF68CFC51" bold="true" box="[151,644,980,1006]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4A6D7955F90EAAF68CFC51" ID-CoL="7TVNX" authority="Calman, 1920" authorityName="Calman" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,644,980,1006]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7955F90EAAF68CFC51" bold="true" box="[151,644,980,1006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7955F90EAAF5B5FC51" bold="true" box="[151,445,980,1006]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chiromantes boulengeri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4A6D7954A20EAAF673FC51" author="Calman" box="[460,635,980,1006]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Calman, W. T. (1920) A new species of the genus Sesarma from Basra. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (9) 5, 62 - 65." type="journal article" year="1920">Calman, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955F90E87F556FBAE" blockId="14.[151,644,980,1041]" box="[151,350,1017,1041]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
(
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A4A6D7955F10E87F4E4FBAE" box="[159,236,1017,1041]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[223,1362,233,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[176,1411,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818): a – e; female (SMF 33818): f. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, male abdomen; d, G 1, lateral surface (right); e, apical part of G 1, lateral surface; f, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205393/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
a–f, 7a, b)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A4A6D7955F9093BF5E4FB1B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955F9093BF679FBE5" blockId="14.[151,1436,1092,1189]" box="[151,625,1092,1114]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB135C744A4A6D7955F9093BF679FBE5" box="[151,625,1092,1114]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4A6D7955F9093BF616FBE5" ID-CoL="7Z28Q" authority="Calman, 1920: 63" authorityName="Calman" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,542,1092,1114]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7955F9093BF56AFBE5" box="[151,354,1092,1114]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sesarma boulengeri</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A4A6D795406093AF616FBE5" author="Calman" box="[360,542,1092,1114]" page="63" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1920">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4A6D795406093AF5F3FBE5" author="Calman" box="[360,507,1092,1114]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Calman, W. T. (1920) A new species of the genus Sesarma from Basra. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (9) 5, 62 - 65." type="journal article" year="1920">Calman, 1920</bibRefCitation>
: 63
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Fig. A.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955F90917F5E4FB1B" blockId="14.[151,1436,1092,1189]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB135C744A4A6D7955F90917F5E4FB1B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4A6D7955F90917F585FBC0" ID-CoL="7TVNX" box="[151,397,1129,1151]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7955F90917F585FBC0" box="[151,397,1129,1151]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Chiromantes boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
—
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A4A6D7954D80917F6CDFBC0" author="Apel" box="[438,709,1129,1151]" page="133" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4A6D7954D80917F699FBC0" author="Apel" box="[438,657,1129,1151]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Apel, M. &amp; Turkay, M. (1999) Taxonomic Composition, Distribution and Zoogeographic Relationships of the Grapsid and Ocypodid Crab Fauna of Intertidal Soft Bottoms in the Persian Gulf. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 49 (Supplement A), 131 - 142." type="journal article" year="1999">Apel &amp; Türkay 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 133
</treatmentCitation>
. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A4A6D79579F0917F79BFBC0" author="Apel" box="[753,915,1129,1151]" page="116" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4A6D79579F0917F768FBC0" author="Apel" box="[753,864,1129,1151]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Apel, M. (2001) Taxonomie und Zoogeographie der Brachyura, Paguridea und Porcellanidae (Crustacea: Decapoda) des Persisch-Arabischen Golfes, pp. 1 - 268. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universitat, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 260 pp." type="book chapter" year="2001">Apel 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 116
</treatmentCitation>
. — Ng
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D79568B0915F01BFBC0" box="[997,1043,1129,1152]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
. 2008: 220 (list), 223. —
<treatmentCitation id="0AA25D4B4A4A6D79504D0917F58AFB1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3505478" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3505478" author="Naderloo" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/401E87EBFFF4FF843DD58052FC60FEDE" page="63" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4A6D79504D0917F555FB1B" author="Naderloo" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2009) Redescription and mitochondrial identification of Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) based on fresh material from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa, 2128, 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2009">Naderloo &amp; Schubart 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 63
</treatmentCitation>
, figs. 2, 3.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A4A6D7955F909A4F664F9FE" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955F909A4F65AFB4E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1241,2012]" box="[151,594,1241,1266]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7955F909A4F53DFB4D" bold="true" box="[151,309,1241,1266]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="54B8C5F84A4A6D7955F909A4F4DAFB4D" box="[151,210,1242,1266]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
Basra,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4A6D7954E409A4F5B2FB4E" box="[394,442,1242,1265]" name="Iraq" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Iraq</collectingCountry>
, Persian Gulf
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955AB0980F508FADE" blockId="14.[151,1437,1241,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7955AB0980F5A7FAA8" bold="true" box="[197,431,1278,1303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Material examined.</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54B8C5F84A4A6D7954D8087EF623FAA7" box="[438,555,1280,1304]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4A6D79575B0981F662FAA8" box="[565,618,1279,1303]" name="Iraq" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D79575B0981F662FAA8" bold="true" box="[565,618,1279,1303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Iraq</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D7957140981F6CDFAA8" box="[634,709,1279,1303]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(NHM 2002.298, CL 23.4, CB 27.00 mm), Ashar Creek, Basra, coll. C.H. Boulenger, 1919.
<typeStatus id="54B8C5F84A4A6D7954BB085AF675FA83" box="[469,637,1316,1340]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="paralectotype">Paralectotypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D7957E6085AF6DEFA83" box="[648,726,1316,1340]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D79578D085AF747FA83" box="[739,847,1316,1340]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
(ovig.) (NHM 2002.299-301), same locality data as
<typeStatus id="54B8C5F84A4A6D7955F90837F4F5FADE" box="[151,253,1353,1377]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955AB0811F664F9FE" blockId="14.[151,1437,1241,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Others:
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4A6D7954710811F55CFA38" box="[287,340,1391,1415]" name="Iraq" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7954710811F55CFA38" bold="true" box="[287,340,1391,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Iraq</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D79540A0811F5BCFA38" box="[356,436,1391,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D7954AE0811F62BFA38" box="[448,547,1391,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(NHM 1892.9.16.7.20), Shat al Arab, FAO, det. M. Apel,
<date id="FFBD5D9A4A4A6D7951AF0811F14BFA38" box="[1217,1347,1391,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1997-10-28">28.10.1997</date>
;
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D7950210811F193FA38" box="[1359,1435,1391,1415]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(NHM 1999.124), Shat al Arab, FAO, det. M. Apel,
<date id="FFBD5D9A4A4A6D79579C08EAF77BFA13" box="[754,883,1428,1452]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1997-10-28">28.10.1997</date>
.
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4A6D7956EE08EBF7BDFA12" box="[896,949,1429,1453]" name="Iran" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7956EE08EBF7BDFA12" bold="true" box="[896,949,1429,1453]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Iran</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
:
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D7956AB08EAF015FA13" box="[965,1053,1428,1452]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">3 males</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A4A6D79514308EAF070FA13" box="[1069,1144,1428,1452]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZUTC</collectionCode>
Brach1151), Bahmanshir River, Abadan, summer 2006, E. Gholinezhad;
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D7957AE08C7F719FA6E" box="[704,785,1465,1489]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D79564E08C7F78DFA6E" box="[800,901,1465,1489]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A4A6D7956F908C7F7EAFA6E" box="[919,994,1465,1489]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">ZUTC</collectionCode>
Brach1153), same data;
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D79506808C7F179FA6E" box="[1286,1393,1465,1489]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="male">18 males</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D7950EE08C7F4E6FA48" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">27 females</specimenCount>
(16 ovig.),
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D79541808A1F5BFFA48" box="[374,439,1503,1527]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="generic">3 juv.</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A4A6D7954A808A1F608FA48" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[454,512,1503,1527]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">SMF</collectionCode>
33818),
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4A6D79570908A1F691FA48" box="[615,665,1503,1527]" name="Poland" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Pole</collectingCountry>
Tanki Abolhassan, Bahmanshir River, Abadan, 30º 21' 0 1.5ʺN, 48º 18' 35.9ʺE, coll. R. Naderloo &amp; A. Kazemi,
<date id="FFBD5D9A4A4A6D7957FB0B7AF71EF9A3" box="[661,790,1540,1564]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2008-05-20">20.05.2008</date>
;
<specimenCount id="9D05B0D34A4A6D79564D0B7AF78EF9A3" box="[803,902,1540,1564]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
(ovig.) (
<collectionCode id="ED12E39F4A4A6D7956850B7AF02DF9A3" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" box="[1003,1061,1540,1564]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34838" name="Forschungsinstitut und Natur-Museum Senckenberg" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">SMF</collectionCode>
38454), Yadman-Valfajr, Arvandroud River, Khuzestan, coll.
<date id="FFBD5D9A4A4A6D7954880B57F660F9FE" box="[486,616,1577,1601]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2008-05-20">20.05.2008</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A4A6D7855AB0B30F7B0FDD0" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955AB0B30F6ADF89E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1241,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4A6D7955AB0B30F57BF9D8" bold="true" box="[197,371,1614,1639]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Redescription.</emphasis>
Carapace quadrate (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A4A6D7957300B31F6A7F9D8" box="[606,687,1615,1639]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[223,1362,233,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[176,1411,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818): a – e; female (SMF 33818): f. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, male abdomen; d, G 1, lateral surface (right); e, apical part of G 1, lateral surface; f, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205393/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
a, 7a), slightly broader than long (CL/CB about 1.17–1.20); carapace slightly convex, short setae scarcely scattered on posterior surface of carapace, denser on posterolateral regions. Regions well defined, prominent groove separating gastric from cardiac region, oval groove in hepatic region immediately behind of orbit; 8 smooth ridges of different length on lateral region, 2 short ridges in between. Front strongly flexed downwards, 4 lobes in frontal region, median 2 larger than lateral 2; frontal edge nearly bilobed; lateral angles of front rounded (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A4A6D7957280A77F682F89E" box="[582,650,1801,1825]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[223,1362,233,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[176,1411,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818): a – e; female (SMF 33818): f. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, male abdomen; d, G 1, lateral surface (right); e, apical part of G 1, lateral surface; f, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205393/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
a).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4A6D7955AB0A51F194F863" blockId="14.[151,1437,1241,2012]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Chelipeds equal, sometimes subequal, distinctly large; Merus outer surface with finely granular transverse ridges, inner margin dentate on two-thirds of proximal part, subdistally roundly expanded; carpus with spineshaped tooth on inner margin. Palm (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A4A6D7957550A07F677F82E" box="[571,639,1913,1937]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[223,1362,233,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[176,1411,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818): a – e; female (SMF 33818): f. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, male abdomen; d, G 1, lateral surface (right); e, apical part of G 1, lateral surface; f, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205393/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
b) massive, oblique granular ridges proximally on lower margin; outer surface with small granules, becoming larger medially; upper margin with 2 or 3 longitudinal granular ridges; inner surface with oblique row of relatively large granules extending from base of immovable finger towards upper part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855F90DE9F697FF45" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fingers with small gap in between, widening distally; movable finger longer than palm, with small granules proximally on dorsal margin; tips of fingers pectinated, scalloped; tip of movable finger nearly tridentate. Female cheliped small, narrow, otherwise similar to male.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0C76F0F3FE30" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Merus of walking legs with granular transverse ridges on upper surface, upper surface of last legs nearly smooth, with few ridges on anterior part; anterior margin with subdistal tooth. Carpus with 2 carinae on posterior surface, one on anterior surface; anterior margin of carpus, propodus densely covered with short brown setae. Propodus slightly longer than carpus, one carina on posterior surface, one carina on anterior surface.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0CE3F0CFFE65" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7855AB0CE3F4F7FE0A" box="[197,255,413,437]" name="Malta" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Male</collectingCountry>
abdomen (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A4B6D7854150CE3F5B5FE0A" box="[379,445,413,437]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[223,1362,233,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[176,1411,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818): a – e; female (SMF 33818): f. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, male abdomen; d, G 1, lateral surface (right); e, apical part of G 1, lateral surface; f, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205393/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
c) broadly triangular; sixth somite longer than fifth, with arched anterodistal margin; telson longer than sixth somite, lateral margin proximally nearly straight, strongly convex distally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0C99F158FD9A" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
G1 (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A4B6D7855970C99F536FE40" box="[249,318,487,511]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[223,1362,233,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[176,1411,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818): a – e; female (SMF 33818): f. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, male abdomen; d, G 1, lateral surface (right); e, apical part of G 1, lateral surface; f, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205393/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
d) straight, inner margin distally roundly expanded; terminal pectinated part gently bent laterally, small pectinated process (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A4B6D7854D60F73F5F3FD9A" box="[440,507,525,549]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[223,1362,233,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[176,1411,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818): a – e; female (SMF 33818): f. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, male abdomen; d, G 1, lateral surface (right); e, apical part of G 1, lateral surface; f, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205393/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
e), nearly triangular; long setae covered terminal part, not fully concealed it.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0F4CF7B0FDD0" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Female gonopore (
<figureCitation id="133867DF4A4B6D7854F90F4CF5D1FDF5" box="[407,473,562,586]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1798,1821]" captionTargetBox="[223,1362,233,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[176,1411,193,1777]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 6. Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920), male (SMF 33818): a – e; female (SMF 33818): f. a, posterior surface of carapace; b, cheliped of male, outer surface; c, male abdomen; d, G 1, lateral surface (right); e, apical part of G 1, lateral surface; f, female gonopore (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/205393/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
j) in depression on anterior edge of fifth abdominal sternite, attached to posterior margin of fourth sternite; with elevated small operculum, directed outward.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A4B6D7855AB0F03F51AFB90" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0F03F51AFB90" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7855AB0F03F531FD2A" bold="true" box="[197,313,637,661]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D78542E0F03F5E1FD2A" author="Calman" box="[320,489,637,661]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Calman, W. T. (1920) A new species of the genus Sesarma from Basra. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (9) 5, 62 - 65." type="journal article" year="1920">Calman (1920)</bibRefCitation>
briefly described this species from the Shat al Arab River, Basra,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7851BE0F00F108FD2A" box="[1232,1280,638,661]" name="Iraq" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iraq</collectingCountry>
, and assigned it to
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7855A30FDDF5A1FD05" authority="Say, 1817" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1817" box="[205,425,674,698]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7855A30FDDF525FD05" box="[205,301,675,698]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sesarma</emphasis>
Say, 1817
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7854DB0FDCF6BEFD05" author="Apel" box="[437,694,674,698]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Apel, M. &amp; Turkay, M. (1999) Taxonomic Composition, Distribution and Zoogeographic Relationships of the Grapsid and Ocypodid Crab Fauna of Intertidal Soft Bottoms in the Persian Gulf. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 49 (Supplement A), 131 - 142." type="journal article" year="1999">Apel &amp; Türkay (1999)</bibRefCitation>
placed
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D78567E0FDDF7A3FD04" box="[784,939,675,699]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D78567E0FDDF7A3FD04" box="[784,939,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7856BC0FDDF0F0FD05" authority="Gistel, 1848" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[978,1272,674,699]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7856BC0FDDF069FD04" box="[978,1121,675,699]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Chiromantes</emphasis>
Gistel, 1848
</taxonomicName>
, following the comments by
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7854580FB9F5E4FD60" author="Holthuis" box="[310,492,711,735]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Holthuis, L. B. (1977) The Grapsidae, Gecarcinidae and Palicidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) of the Red Sea. Israel Journal of Zoology, 26 (3 - 4), 141 - 192." type="journal article" year="1977">Holthuis (1977)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7854960FB6F6B1FD60" author="Ng" box="[504,697,711,736]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Ng, P. K. L. &amp; Liu, H. C. (1999) Taxonomy of Sesarma tangi Rathbun, 1931 and S. stormi De Man, 1895 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Grapsidae: Sesarmidae), with Establishment of new genus for S. stormi. Zoological Studies, 38 (2), 228 - 237." type="journal article" year="1999">Ng &amp; Liu (1999)</bibRefCitation>
remarked on the composition of
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D78515D0FB6F0CAFD5F" box="[1075,1218,712,736]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D78515D0FB6F0CAFD5F" box="[1075,1218,712,736]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Chiromantes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and suggested that the genus is heterogeneous, which was later supported by the molecular findings of
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D78513F0F93F190FCBA" author="Naderloo" box="[1105,1432,749,773]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2009) Redescription and mitochondrial identification of Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) based on fresh material from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa, 2128, 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2009">Naderloo &amp; Schubart (2009)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7855F90E6DF52FFC94" box="[151,295,787,811]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7855F90E6DF52FFC94" box="[151,295,787,811]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Chiromantes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently being revised by P. Ng and C. Schubart in an ongoing molecular and morphological study of the genus and its allies. Ng
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D78549F0E47F623FCEF" box="[497,555,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
(2008), however, considered that the Indo-West Pacific
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7851C40E46F5C0FCCA" authority="H. Milne Edwards, 1853" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1853" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dehaani">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7851C40E46F194FCEF" box="[1194,1436,824,848]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Chiromantes dehaani</emphasis>
(H. Milne
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D78547C0E23F5C8FCCA" author="Edwards" box="[274,448,861,885]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Milne-Edwards, H. (1853) Memoire sur la famille des Ocypodiens. Annales des Sciences Naturelles Zoologie, 20, 163 - 228." type="journal article" year="1853">Edwards, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, should be referred to a separate genus together with
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7851550E20F19FFCCA" authority="Calman, 1920" authorityName="Calman" authorityYear="1920" box="[1083,1431,861,885]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7851550E20F0D0FCCA" box="[1083,1240,861,885]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C. boulengeri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7851840E23F198FCCA" author="Calman" box="[1258,1424,861,885]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Calman, W. T. (1920) A new species of the genus Sesarma from Basra. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (9) 5, 62 - 65." type="journal article" year="1920">Calman, 1920</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7855F90EFDF635FC25" authority="Soh, 1978" authorityName="Soh" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,573,898,923]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Pseudosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="patshuni">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7855F90EFDF5A6FC24" box="[151,430,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Pseudosesarma patshuni</emphasis>
(Soh, 1978)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7857240EFAF7B2FC25" authority="De Man, 1887" authorityName="De Man" authorityYear="1887" box="[586,954,898,923]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Pseudosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassimanum">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7857240EFAF6F3FC24" box="[586,763,900,923]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. crassimanum</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7856650EFCF725FC25" box="[779,813,898,922]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">De</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D78565A0EFDF762FC25" box="[820,874,899,922]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Man</collectingCountry>
, 1887)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7856A80EFAF110FC25" authority="Tweedie, 1940" authorityName="Tweedie" authorityYear="1940" box="[966,1304,898,923]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Pseudosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="johorensis">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7856A80EFAF05DFC24" box="[966,1109,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. johorensis</emphasis>
(Tweedie, 1940)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D78504A0EFAF546FC00" authority="De Man, 1888" authorityName="De Man" authorityYear="1888" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Pseudosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moeschi">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D78504A0EFAF194FC24" box="[1316,1436,899,923]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">P. moeschi</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7855F00ED9F4C8FC00" box="[158,192,935,959]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">De</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7855A60ED6F4F6FC00" box="[200,254,936,959]" name="Isle of Man" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Man</collectingCountry>
, 1888)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7854340ED6F757FC00" authority="H. Milne Edwards, 1853" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1853" box="[346,863,935,960]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarmops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinense">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7854340ED6F625FC7F" box="[346,557,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Sesarmops sinense</emphasis>
(H. Milne
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7857C50ED9F75FFC00" author="Edwards" box="[683,855,935,959]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Milne-Edwards, H. (1853) Memoire sur la famille des Ocypodiens. Annales des Sciences Naturelles Zoologie, 20, 163 - 228." type="journal article" year="1853">Edwards, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7856F20ED6F104FC00" authority="De Haan, 1835" authorityName="De Haan" authorityYear="1835" box="[924,1292,935,960]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarmops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="intermedium">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7856F20ED6F04DFC7F" box="[924,1093,936,960]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">S. intermedium</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D78513B0ED9F07FFC00" box="[1109,1143,935,959]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">De</collectingCountry>
Haan, 1835)
</taxonomicName>
. While
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D78500A0ED9F5A1FC5A" author="Naderloo" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2009) Redescription and mitochondrial identification of Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) based on fresh material from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa, 2128, 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2009">Naderloo &amp; Schubart (2009)</bibRefCitation>
confirmed that
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7857340EB0F6FCFC5A" box="[602,756,973,997]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7857340EB0F665FC5A" box="[602,621,974,997]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7857150EB3F6FCFC5A" box="[635,756,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be moved to a new genus, its affinities with the other species are less obvious, with
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D78549D0E8DF686FBB4" box="[499,654,1011,1035]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D78549D0E8DF60EFBB5" box="[499,518,1011,1034]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D78577B0E8DF686FBB4" box="[533,654,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
separating out from
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7856EE0E8DF035FBB4" box="[896,1085,1011,1035]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haematocheir">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7856EE0E8DF79BFBB5" box="[896,915,1011,1034]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7856CD0E8DF035FBB4" box="[931,1085,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">haematocheir</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<typeStatus id="54B8C5F84A4B6D7851200E8CF088FBB5" box="[1102,1152,1010,1034]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D78506D0E8DF19BFBB4" box="[1283,1427,1011,1035]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D78506D0E8DF19BFBB4" box="[1283,1427,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Chiromantes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and others.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31928D14A4B6D7855AB0943F66CF835" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0943F4E8FAB0" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7855AB0943F52CFBE9" bold="true" box="[197,292,1085,1110]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Biology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D7854400943F648FBEA" box="[302,576,1085,1109]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Chiromantes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boulengeri">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7854400943F648FBEA" box="[302,576,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Chiromantes boulengeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a medium-size species (largest male CL =
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, CB =
<quantity id="4CFBD6BF4A4B6D78504F0943F19FFBEA" box="[1313,1431,1085,1109]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7199999999999998" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="27.2">27.20 mm</quantity>
, largest female CL =
<quantity id="4CFBD6BF4A4B6D785415091CF5F8FBC5" box="[379,496,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.452" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="24.52">24.52 mm</quantity>
, CB = 29. 0
<quantity id="4CFBD6BF4A4B6D78571B091CF6BEFBC5" box="[629,694,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
) inhabiting the Arvandroud (Shat al Arab) and Bahmanshir rivers, where it lives in burrows (about
<quantity id="4CFBD6BF4A4B6D78576509F9F65AFB20" box="[523,594,1159,1183]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" unit="cm" value="30.0">30 cm</quantity>
in depth) on the muddy banks. The species dominates the wetlands along the rivers where found among
<taxonomicName id="4C0300D94A4B6D78548209D3F665FB7A" box="[492,621,1197,1221]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Phragmites" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D78548209D3F665FB7A" box="[492,621,1197,1221]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Phragmites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp. reeds. This sesarmid is apparently endemic to the region and occurs in upstream the rivers although its distribution along the rivers is not well documented (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7851CD09ACF4DCFAB0" author="Naderloo" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2009) Redescription and mitochondrial identification of Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) based on fresh material from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa, 2128, 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2009">Naderloo &amp; Schubart 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0863F149FAC0" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
Ovigerous females first appear in late March or early April, reaching the maximum proportion in August, when they comprise 60% of all adult females. The smallest ovigerous females are measure of
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in CB, and males reach their maturity at the same size as females, but showed slightly rapid growth than females (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7851A20819F13CFAC0" author="Ali" box="[1228,1332,1383,1407]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Ali, M. H. (1979) Studies on the Ecological Behaviour of the Crab Sesarma boulengeri Calman, 1920, from Shatt al-Arab. Unpublished MSc. Thesis, College of Science, University of Basra, 64 pp." type="book" year="1979">Ali 1979</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB08F3F747F985" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
During May and June the population comprises the highest number of the adult individuals (about 90–92% of the total population) with the CB ranging between
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. Juveniles (CB &lt;
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) are appearing in July, and are most abundant in July and August when they are recorded to be 7.5–10% of the population. In December, when the temperature is particularly low in the region, most crabs are inactive and remain in their burrows. Moulting also does not occur during November–January (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7857B40B5CF74AF985" author="Ali" box="[730,834,1570,1594]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Ali, M. H. (1979) Studies on the Ecological Behaviour of the Crab Sesarma boulengeri Calman, 1920, from Shatt al-Arab. Unpublished MSc. Thesis, College of Science, University of Basra, 64 pp." type="book" year="1979">Ali 1979</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0B39F00DF970" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7855AB0B39F515F9DF" bold="true" box="[197,285,1607,1632]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Colour.</emphasis>
Live specimens are dark gray on the dorsal surface of the carapace. Walking legs are slightly brighter than carapace. Chelipeds are white to light brown from anterior view, granules on palm and fingers distinctly white, lower and inner portions of the palm are sometimes pale orange. The ventral surface of the carapace is bright and the abdomen is distinct by its light brown colour (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7857AA0BC9F7F2F970" author="Naderloo" box="[708,1018,1719,1743]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2009) Redescription and mitochondrial identification of Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) based on fresh material from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa, 2128, 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2009">Naderloo &amp; Schubart 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0BA3F5E8F8A5" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7855AB0BA3F592F94A" bold="true" box="[197,410,1757,1782]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Regional records.</emphasis>
PERSIAN GULF: Basra,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7857BE0BA0F6F5F94A" box="[720,765,1758,1781]" name="Iraq" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iraq</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7856610BA3F7A7F94A" author="Calman" box="[783,943,1757,1781]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Calman, W. T. (1920) A new species of the genus Sesarma from Basra. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (9) 5, 62 - 65." type="journal article" year="1920">Calman 1920</bibRefCitation>
); Arvandroud and Bahmanshir rivers,
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7850000BA0F193F94A" box="[1390,1435,1758,1781]" name="Iran" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iran</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D7855F00A7CF5DCF8A5" author="Naderloo" box="[158,468,1794,1818]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2009) Redescription and mitochondrial identification of Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) based on fresh material from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa, 2128, 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2009">Naderloo &amp; Schubart 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBC7B5A4A4B6D7855AB0A59F66CF835" blockId="15.[151,1437,151,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="B977A7484A4B6D7855AB0A59F60BF8FF" bold="true" box="[197,515,1831,1856]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
This species is apparently endemic to the northern Persian Gulf, being located in
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7855F90A30F4CCF8DA" box="[151,196,1870,1893]" name="Iraq" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iraq</collectingCountry>
in the high reaches of Shat al Arab, Euphrates, Tigris, and in
<collectingCountry id="F3143BCA4A4B6D7856E00A30F7B3F8DA" box="[910,955,1870,1893]" name="Iran" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Iran</collectingCountry>
along Arvandroud and Bahmanshir rivers catchments (
<bibRefCitation id="EF9206AB4A4B6D78544D0A0CF651F835" author="Naderloo" box="[291,601,1906,1930]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Naderloo, R. &amp; Schubart, C. D. (2009) Redescription and mitochondrial identification of Chiromantes boulengeri (Calman, 1920) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae) based on fresh material from the Persian Gulf, Iran. Zootaxa, 2128, 61 - 68." type="journal article" year="2009">Naderloo &amp; Schubart 2009</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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