382 lines
31 KiB
XML
382 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1016.59699" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad622eec-c0b0-459c-a58c-696100f853f1" ID-PMC="PMC7892535" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1016-77" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D7F1A3CBC5AC592DADE3787D4EC62BF9" ID-PubMed="33628080" ID-ZooBank="A462DE7344284857973CBCFD17294D15" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1016-77" checkinTime="1613177951169" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Goutte, Sandra, Reyes-Velasco *, Jacobo, Freilich, Xenia, Kassie, Abeje & Boissinot, Stephane" docDate="2021" docId="A4613A6C39D755EF81344DEF810341F6" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1016: 77-141" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1016" docPubDate="2021-02-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1016.59699" docTitle="Ptychadena nana Perret 1980" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="D7F1A3CBC5AC592DADE3787D4EC62BF9" lastPageNumber="77" masterDocId="D7F1A3CBC5AC592DADE3787D4EC62BF9" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of grass frogs (Ptychadenidae, Ptychadena) endemic to the Ethiopian highlands" masterLastPageNumber="141" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="77" updateTime="1668149788838" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of grass frogs (Ptychadenidae, Ptychadena) endemic to the Ethiopian highlands</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Goutte, Sandra</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-3773</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">sg5533@nyu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reyes-Velasco *, Jacobo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Freilich, Xenia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kassie, Abeje</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia & Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Boissinot, Stephane</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">stephane.boissinot@nyu.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-02-11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1016</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>77</mods:start>
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<mods:end>141</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1016.59699</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1016.59699</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1016-77</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">A462DE7344284857973CBCFD17294D15</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">D7F1A3CBC5AC592DADE3787D4EC62BF9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="177383272" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A4613A6C39D755EF81344DEF810341F6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4613A6C39D755EF81344DEF810341F6" lastPageNumber="77" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName LSID="A4613A6C-39D7-55EF-8134-4DEF810341F6" authority="Perret, 1980" authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">Ptychadena nana Perret, 1980</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">Ptychadena nana</taxonomicName>
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Perret, 1980: 160.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Perret" baseAuthorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Rana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rana (Ptychadena) nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana" subGenus="Ptychadena">Rana (Ptychadena) nana</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1981.10736637" author="Dubois, A" journalOrPublisher="Firenze" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="225 - 284" refId="B4" refString="Dubois, A, 1981. Liste des genres et sous-genres nominaux de Ranoidea (Amphibiens Anoures) du monde, avec identification de leurs especes types; consequences nomenclaturales. Monitore Zoologico Italiano. Nuova Serie, Supplemento. Firenze 15: 225 - 284, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1981.10736637" title="Liste des genres et sous-genres nominaux de Ranoidea (Amphibiens Anoures) du monde, avec identification de leurs especes types; consequences nomenclaturales. Monitore Zoologico Italiano. Nuova Serie, Supplemento." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1981.10736637" volume="15" year="1981">Dubois 1981</bibRefCitation>
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: 233.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena (Ptychadena) nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana" subGenus="Ptychadena">Ptychadena (Ptychadena) nana</taxonomicName>
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-
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3406/linly.1992.11011" author="Dubois, A" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="305 - 352" refId="B5" refString="Dubois, A, 1992. Notes on the classification of Ranidae (Amphibia, Anura). Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon 61: 305 - 352, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3406/linly.1992.11011" title="Notes on the classification of Ranidae (Amphibia, Anura)." url="https://doi.org/10.3406/linly.1992.11011" volume="61" year="1992">Dubois 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 316.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Holotype</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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A female (ZMB-26878 H) collected by O. Neumann and C. von Erlanger between June and mid-August 1900 (see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2307/1775561" author="Neumann, O" journalOrPublisher="The Geographical Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="373 - 398" refId="B20" refString="Neumann, O, 1902. From the Somali Coast through Southern Ethiopia to the Sudan. The Geographical Journal 20: 373 - 398, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1775561" title="From the Somali Coast through Southern Ethiopia to the Sudan." url="https://doi.org/10.2307/1775561" volume="20" year="1902">Neumann 1902</bibRefCitation>
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) in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Somaliland”">"Somaliland"</normalizedToken>
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, which corresponds to Didda, East Arussi plateau, Ethiopia, 2000-3000 m a.s.l. according to Largen and Perret (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1975.10736806" author="Largen, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 28" refId="B15" refString="Largen, MJ, 1975. The Status of the Genus Kassina (amphibia Anura Hyperoliidae) in Ethiopia. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 6: 1 - 28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1975.10736806" title="The Status of the Genus Kassina (amphibia Anura Hyperoliidae) in Ethiopia." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1975.10736806" volume="6" year="1975">Largen 1975</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1977.10736845" author="Largen, MJ" journalOrPublisher="Supplemento" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="85 - 136" refId="B16" refString="Largen, MJ, 1977. The Status of the Genus Leptopelis (amphibia Anura Hyperoliidae) in Ethiopia, Including Descriptions of Two New Species. Monitore Zoologico Italiano. Supplemento 9: 85 - 136, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1977.10736845" title="The Status of the Genus Leptopelis (amphibia Anura Hyperoliidae) in Ethiopia, Including Descriptions of Two New Species. Monitore Zoologico Italiano." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/03749444.1977.10736845" volume="9" year="1977">1977</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1980.11758552" author="Perret, J-L" journalOrPublisher="Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="151 - 168" refId="B22" refString="Perret, J-L, 1980. Sur quelques Ptychadena (Amphibia Ranidae) d'Ethiopie. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 13: 151 - 168, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1980.11758552" title="Sur quelques Ptychadena (Amphibia Ranidae) d'Ethiopie." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1980.11758552" volume="13" year="1980">Perret 1980</bibRefCitation>
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) [Coordinates estimated by Largen (1997):
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7.83" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="7.83">7.83°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="39.50" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="39.5">39.50°E</geoCoordinate>
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].
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Paratypes</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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From the 20 paratypes included in the original description (
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1980.11758552" author="Perret, J-L" journalOrPublisher="Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" pagination="151 - 168" refId="B22" refString="Perret, J-L, 1980. Sur quelques Ptychadena (Amphibia Ranidae) d'Ethiopie. Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 13: 151 - 168, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1980.11758552" title="Sur quelques Ptychadena (Amphibia Ranidae) d'Ethiopie." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00269786.1980.11758552" volume="13" year="1980">Perret 1980</bibRefCitation>
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), 16 specimens (ZMB-26877, ZMB-57185 up to and including ZMB-57199) collected by O. Neumann and C. von Erlanger at the same time and location are in the collections of the Berlin Museum and four have either been lost or placed in another collection.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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Except for the type series, all the material examined is deposited at ZNHM. Beside the female holotype (ZMB-26878 H), we examined four female paratypes (ZMB-57189, ZMB-57190, ZMB-57193, ZMB-57199) and four male paratypes (ZMB-26877, ZMB-57191, ZMB-57192, ZMB-57195) collected by C. von Erlanger and O. Neumann in 1900 likely between June and mid-August in Didda, East Arussi plateau, one female (SB488) and two males (SB486, SB487) collected by S. Goutte and Y. Bourgeois on 26 June 2018 west of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ch’ange">Ch'ange</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.1303" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="8.1303">8.1303°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="39.3985" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="39.3985">39.3985°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 2357 m a.s.l.), one female (SB493) and two males (SB494, SB495) collected by S. Goutte and Y. Bourgeois on 27 June 2018 between
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Robé">Robe</normalizedToken>
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and Sedika (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7.7307" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="7.7307">7.7307°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="39.7133" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="39.7133">39.7133°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 2377 m a.s.l.), five females (SB508, SB510, SB512, SB515, SB516) and four males (SB523, SB524, SB525, SB526) collected by S. Goutte and Y. Bourgeois on 29 June 2018 southeast of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ch’ange">Ch'ange</normalizedToken>
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(
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<geoCoordinate degrees="8.1086" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="8.1086">8.1086°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="39.4486" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="39.4486">39.4486°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 2573 m a.s.l.).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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The smallest species (male (12) SVL 28.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3.3 mm, female (12) SVL 29.6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3.2 mm) of the
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. neumanni" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="neumanni">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. neumanni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Ptychadena nana A live male (SB 494; left) and female (SB 488, right) B dorsal and ventral views of the same individuals (male left, female right) after euthanasia and before fixation." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.59699.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/508431" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">15</figureCitation>
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), distinguished by the following combination of characters: (1) short hind limbs (male TL/SVL 0.45
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.03, female TL/SVL 0.44
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.03), (2) short hands (HAL/SVL 0.20
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.02), (3) short feet (male FL/SVL 0.49
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04, female FL/SVL 0.48
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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0.04), (4) reduced foot webbing, (5) no stripe or blotch on the tympanum, (6) adult males almost always covered in small warts during the breeding season.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.59699.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/508431" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Figure 15.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Ptychadena nana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">A</emphasis>
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live male (SB494; left) and female (SB488, right)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">B</emphasis>
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dorsal and ventral views of the same individuals (male left, female right) after euthanasia and before fixation.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="comparisons">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Comparison.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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Distinguished from all Ethiopian
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1917" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Ptychadena</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, except for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. robeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="robeensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. robeensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., by a considerably smaller size. Very similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. robeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="robeensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. robeensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. nana" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="nana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. nana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has relatively shorter hand, shorter head, a shorter eye-tympanum distance and shorter feet than
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. robeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="robeensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. robeensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. The tympanum lacks any light marking, as opposed to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. robeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="robeensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. robeensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. Small warts almost always present in males, whereas they are absent in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. robeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="robeensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. robeensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
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Small sized (SVL 26.9 mm) gravid female with short hind limbs (TL/SVL 0.43, Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Type specimens of Ptychadena nana. Dorsal and ventral views of three specimens from the type series A female holotype (ZMB- 26878 H) B male paratype (ZMB- 57191) C female paratype (ZMB- 57193)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.59699.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/508432" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">16</figureCitation>
|
||
, Suppl. material 3: Table S1). Head longer than wide (HW/HL 0.95). Snout rounded, slightly projecting beyond the lower jaw. Interorbital distance 0.58
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
eye diameter. Nostril half-way between the tip of the snout and the eye. Internarial distance 1.4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
interorbital distance. Tympanum 0.65
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
eye diameter. Finger tips not expanded but rounded. Finger formula: III<IV<III. Hand free of webbing. Hindlimbs short, with tibia length 0.42
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
snout-vent length. Foot 1.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
tibia length and 1.3 thigh length. Toe tips rounded. Outer metatarsal tubercle absent. Toe formula: I<II<V<III<IV. Foot webbing formula (toe internal/external sides, number of phalanges webbed): Ie(1), IIi/e(1-1), IIIi/e(1-2), IVi/e(2-2), Vi(2). Ridges hardly distinguishable due to the state of preservation of the specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.59699.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/508432" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Figure 16.</emphasis>
|
||
Type specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Ptychadena nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Dorsal and ventral views of three specimens from the type series
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">A</emphasis>
|
||
female holotype (ZMB-26878 H)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">B</emphasis>
|
||
male paratype (ZMB-57191)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">C</emphasis>
|
||
female paratype (ZMB-57193).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="coloration of the holotype in preservative">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Coloration of the holotype in preservative.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Dorsal ground color brown with irregular oval dark brown blotches symmetrically distributed, presumably on the dorsolateral ridges. One dark brown blotch on each upper eyelid. No vertebral stripe. One fainted dorsolateral cream ridge on each side. Dark brown canthal stripe from the tip of the snout to the back of the jaw. Upper lip cream. Flanks brown to dark brown with numerous cream spots which merge ventrally. Throat, ventrum, ventral side of tibias uniformly cream without any melanization. Ventral side of the thighs light brown. Dark brown bars on the thighs, tibias and feet. Back of the thighs brown marbled with cream. Dark brown irregular markings on the arms and forearms. No stripe or blotch on the tympanum.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Variations.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
|
||
As the other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ahl" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena erlangeri" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erlangeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Ptychadena erlangeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Ptychadena nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows color polymorphism. In life, dorsum coloration varies from light grey to sand and brown. The dark blotches disposed more or less symmetrically on the dorsum vary in size and number, sometimes covering more than half the dorsum. Their colors vary from olive-brown, with some green iridescence, to black. One or several blotches of the same color, sometimes fused into a large irregular shape, were present on the anterior part of the flank in all examined specimens. The vertebral stripe, when present, may be thin, medium or wide and cream, light brown or bright green. Some individuals lack any vertebral stripe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Iris bicolored, the upper third silver to golden and lower two thirds brown to dark brown. Upper and lower jaws cream, golden or light brown, often with irregular light grey or light brown markings but no barring. All specimens examined featured a dark brown canthal stripe from the tip of the snout to the back of the upper lip, sometimes dusted with small green spots. Tympanum uniformly colored and lacking any light stripe of blotch. A thin cream or light green longitudinal stripe on the tibia extending the complete length of the thigh is present in some individuals. Barring on the tibias, thighs, and feet may be very distinct or almost completely absent. Thighs posteriorly marbled with dark brown and yellow or cream. Ventrum uniformly white. Throat white in females and pale yellow to deep yellow in adult males. Vocal sacs bicolored grey anteriorly and cream posteriorly, rarely completely grey. Small warts over the body and forelimbs present in 90% of adult males examined.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="habitat">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Habitat, distribution, and natural history.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Ptychadena nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found on the eastern half of the Arussi plateau (7.64-8.30°N, 39.39-39.87°E, Oromia, Ethiopia from 2380 to 2850 m a.s.l. In the south, its range is limited by the Shebelle River, while in the northeast it is bordered by the Great Rift Valley. The westernmost individuals were found around four kilometers west of
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ch’ange">Ch'ange</normalizedToken>
|
||
. The steep terrain just east of Huruta may serve as geographic barrier for dispersal in this species, as it has not been found further southeast. In the southwest end of its range,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. nana" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been found just north of Dibe, but presumably occurs all the way down to Barbari as there is no physical barrier that would prevent its dispersal on this side of the plateau.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
|
||
Males are found calling at night in large numbers from shallow roadside puddles, usually overgrown by grass. Within the genus,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. nana" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Parker" baseAuthorityYear="1930" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena cooperi" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Ptychadena cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="77" type="advertisement call">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Advertisement call.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
|
||
The call of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Perret" authorityYear="1980" class="Amphibia" family="Ptychadenidae" genus="Ptychadena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptychadena nana" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">Ptychadena nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(5 males, 56 calls) is composed of a single pulsed note of 205
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
47 ms in duration, containing 16.9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2.8 pulses. Inter-pulses intervals are very short (9
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
2 ms) and irregular, forming few irregular pulse groups and resulting in a high pulse rate (84
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
10.2 pulses s-1). Call peak frequency is 2461
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||
26 Hz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="77">
|
||
The call of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. nana" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be differentiated from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. cooperi" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="cooperi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. amharensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="amharensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. amharensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. doro" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="doro">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. doro</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. neumanni" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="neumanni">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. neumanni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(types A and B) by the distinguishable pulses composing the calls. It is also distinct form the calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. delphina" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="delphina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. delphina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. robeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="robeensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. robeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by its short inter-pulse intervals. Finally, the call of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. nana" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="nana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. nana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. delphina" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="delphina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. delphina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. robeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="robeensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. robeensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. erlangeri" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="erlangeri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. erlangeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. levenorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="levenorum">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. levenorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. beka" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="beka">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. beka</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. goweri" pageId="0" pageNumber="77" rank="species" species="goweri">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="77">P. goweri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its short duration and high pulse rate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |