treatments-xml/data/03/E2/CA/03E2CA32FFB3FFD313E2FEBC2D73FBB5.xml
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<mods:title id="8B8466EFBF2940A17068447DF8A4FC32">Taxonomic revision of Agraphydrus Régimbart, 1903 I. China and Taiwan (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2FEBC2C31FE20" ID-CoL="8VR7F" authority="Regimbart, 1903" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,524,365,391]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FEBC2C31FE20" bold="true" box="[151,524,365,391]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FEBC2F08FE20" bold="true" box="[151,309,365,391]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
Régimbart, 1903
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213E2FE652A77FE6D" blockId="16.[151,1382,436,581]" box="[151,1098,436,458]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5B5C0AFFB3FFD213E2FE652A77FE6D" box="[151,1098,436,458]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2FE652FC7FE6D" ID-CoL="8VR7F" authority="Regimbart 1903 c: 33" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1903" box="[151,506,436,458]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FE652F26FE6D" box="[151,283,436,458]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEA5D35FFB3FFD21254FE652FC7FE6D" author="" box="[289,506,436,458]" page="33" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21254FE652FE9FE6D" box="[289,468,436,458]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80380" refString="Regimbart, M. (1903 c) Coleopteres aquatiques (Haliplidae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae et Hydrophilidae) reueilllis dans le Sud de Madagascar par M. Ch. Alluaud (Juillet 1900 ¯ Mai 1901). Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 72, 1 ¯ 51." type="journal article">Régimbart 1903c</bibRefCitation>
: 33
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD211E6FE652A77FE6D" ID-CoL="B3BJ" authority="Regimbart, 1903" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" box="[659,1098,436,458]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctatellus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD211E6FE652DA4FE6D" box="[659,921,436,458]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus punctatellus</emphasis>
Régimbart, 1903
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213E2FE032A66FE4F" blockId="16.[151,1382,436,581]" box="[151,1115,466,488]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5B5C0AFFB3FFD213E2FE032A66FE4F" box="[151,1115,466,488]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2FE032C17FE4F" authority="Orchymont 1932: 692" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityPageNumber="692" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,554,466,488]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Gymnhelochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FE032F7FFE4F" box="[151,322,466,488]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gymnhelochares</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEA5D35FFB3FFD2123DFE032C17FE4F" author="" box="[328,554,466,488]" page="692" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD2123DFE032FCAFE4F" box="[328,503,466,488]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80214" refString="Orchymont, A. (1932) Zur Kenntnis der Kolbenwasserkafer (Palpicornia) von Sumatra, Java und Bali. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, Band IX (Tropische Binnengewasser II), 623 - 714, pls. XIV ¯ XVII." type="book chapter">Orchymont 1932</bibRefCitation>
: 692
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD211B6FE032A66FE4F" ID-CoL="3KGPW" authority="(Orchymont, 1932)" baseAuthorityName="Orchymont" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[707,1115,466,488]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geminus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD211B6FE032DACFE4F" box="[707,913,466,488]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Helochares geminus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD210EBFE032A69FE4F" box="[926,1108,466,488]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80214" refString="Orchymont, A. (1932) Zur Kenntnis der Kolbenwasserkafer (Palpicornia) von Sumatra, Java und Bali. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, Band IX (Tropische Binnengewasser II), 623 - 714, pls. XIV ¯ XVII." type="book chapter">Orchymont, 1932</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213E2FE202A8EFDA0" blockId="16.[151,1382,436,581]" box="[151,1203,497,519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5B5C0AFFB3FFD213E2FE202A8EFDA0" box="[151,1203,497,519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2FE202FD8FDA0" ID-CoL="8XPCZ" authority="Sato 1960: 76" authorityName="Sato" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,485,497,519]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pseudohelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FE202F6DFDA0" box="[151,336,497,519]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pseudohelochares</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEA5D35FFB3FFD21223FE202FD8FDA0" author="" box="[342,485,497,519]" page="76" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21223FE202FFDFDA0" box="[342,448,497,519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80503" refString="Sato, M. (1960) One new genus and two new species of the subtribe Helocharae from Japan (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Transactions of the Shikoku entomological Society, 6, 76 ¯ 80." type="journal article">Satô 1960</bibRefCitation>
: 76
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD2110BFE202A32FDA0" authority="(Sato, 1960)" baseAuthorityName="Sato" baseAuthorityYear="1960" box="[638,1039,497,519]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pseudohelochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="narusei">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD2110BFE202DB4FDA0" box="[638,905,497,519]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pseudohelochares narusei</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD210E2FE202A35FDA0" box="[919,1032,497,519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80503" refString="Sato, M. (1960) One new genus and two new species of the subtribe Helocharae from Japan (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Transactions of the Shikoku entomological Society, 6, 76 ¯ 80." type="journal article">Satô, 1960</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AEA5D35FFB3FFD2176FFE202A8EFDA0" author="" box="[1050,1203,497,519]" page="128" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD2176FFE202ABEFDA0" box="[1050,1155,497,519]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80542" refString="Sato, M. (1965) Some aquatic Coleoptera from Formosa, I. Special Bulletin fo the Lepidopterological Society of Japan, 1, 126 ¯ 129." type="journal article">Satô 1965</bibRefCitation>
: 128
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213E2FDC12B5BFDE3" blockId="16.[151,1382,436,581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB5B5C0AFFB3FFD213E2FDC12B5BFDE3" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2FDC12FE6FD81" ID-CoL="8XPF7" authority="Jia 1998: 225" authorityName="Jia" authorityPageNumber="225" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,475,528,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pseudopelthydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FDC12F71FD81" box="[151,332,528,550]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pseudopelthydrus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEA5D35FFB3FFD21226FDC12FE6FD81" author="" box="[339,475,528,550]" page="225" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21226FDC12F91FD81" box="[339,428,528,550]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79617" refString="Jia, F. - L. (1998) A new genus Pseudopelthydrus gen. n. from Hainan Island, China (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae). Chinese Journal of Entomology, 18, 229 ¯ 230." type="journal article">Jia 1998</bibRefCitation>
: 225
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
ff. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD211F8FDC12A0AFD81" ID-CoL="4P6CD" authority="(Jia, 1998)" baseAuthorityName="Jia" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[653,1079,528,550]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Pseudopelthydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD211F8FDC12DFCFD81" box="[653,961,528,550]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pseudopelthydrus longipalpus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD210BBFDC12A12FD81" box="[974,1071,528,550]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79617" refString="Jia, F. - L. (1998) A new genus Pseudopelthydrus gen. n. from Hainan Island, China (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilinae). Chinese Journal of Entomology, 18, 229 ¯ 230." type="journal article">Jia, 1998</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AEA5D35FFB3FFD21734FDC12B36FD81" author="" box="[1089,1291,528,550]" page="384" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21734FDC12AE6FD81" box="[1089,1243,528,550]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79700" refString="Komarek, A. (2003) HYDROPHILIDAE: I. Checklist and key to Palearctic and Oriental genera of aquatic Hydrophilidae. In: Jach, M. A. &amp; Ji, L. (Eds.), Water Beetles of China. Uol. III. Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft in Osterreich and Wiener Coleopterologenverein, Wien, pp. 383 ¯ 395." type="journal article">Komarek 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 384
</treatmentCitation>
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2FDFF2C3AFDE3" ID-CoL="8X7JW" authority="Hansen 1999: 137" authorityName="Hansen" authorityPageNumber="137" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,519,558,580]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Megagraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FDFF2F78FDE3" box="[151,325,558,580]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Megagraphydrus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AEA5D35FFB3FFD21239FDFE2C3AFDE3" author="" box="[332,519,558,580]" page="137" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21239FDFE2FE9FDE3" box="[332,468,558,580]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79223" refString="Hansen, M. (1999) Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Entomologica scandinavica, 30, 121 ¯ 172. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631200 X 00228" type="journal article">Hansen 1999</bibRefCitation>
: 137
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD211EAFDFF2A61FDE3" ID-CoL="3YTPG" authority="(Hansen, 1999)" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[671,1116,558,581]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Megagraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="siamensis">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD211EAFDFF2D8AFDE2" box="[671,951,558,581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Megagraphydrus siamensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD210B1FDFF2A69FDE3" box="[964,1108,558,580]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79223" refString="Hansen, M. (1999) Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family. Entomologica scandinavica, 30, 121 ¯ 172. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631200 X 00228" type="journal article">Hansen, 1999</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AEA5D35FFB3FFD21713FDFF2B5BFDE3" author="" box="[1126,1382,558,581]" page="7" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21713FDFF2B72FDE3" box="[1126,1359,558,581]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79896" refString="Minoshima, Y. N., Komarek, A. &amp; Ohara, M. (2015) A revision of Megagraphydrus Hansen (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): synonymization with Agraphydrus Regimbart and description of seven new species. Zootaxa, 3930 (1), 1 ¯ 63. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3930.1.1" type="journal article">
Minoshima
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21795FDE12B31FDE3" box="[1248,1292,558,581]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. 2015
</bibRefCitation>
: 7
</treatmentCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213E2FDA02C67FCBE" blockId="16.[151,1437,625,2020]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FDA02FF0FD2D" bold="true" box="[151,461,625,650]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Subgeneric classification.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD212A9FDA02D4BFD2D" authority="Orchymont, 1932" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1932" box="[476,886,625,650]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Gymnhelochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD212A9FDA02CA4FD2D" box="[476,665,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gymnhelochares</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD211DDFDA02D4BFD2D" box="[680,886,625,650]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80214" refString="Orchymont, A. (1932) Zur Kenntnis der Kolbenwasserkafer (Palpicornia) von Sumatra, Java und Bali. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, Band IX (Tropische Binnengewasser II), 623 - 714, pls. XIV ¯ XVII." type="book chapter">Orchymont, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was described as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21669FDA02F01FD09" ID-CoL="8VY5S" authority="Mulsant, 1844" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21669FDA02BA1FD2D" box="[1308,1436,625,650]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Helochares</emphasis>
Mulsant, 1844
</taxonomicName>
based on two Oriental species, at a time when
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD2101FFD442DC1FD09" ID-CoL="8VR7F" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" box="[874,1020,661,686]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD2101FFD442DC1FD09" box="[874,1020,661,686]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also considered by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21669FD442EDCFD75" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80214" refString="Orchymont, A. (1932) Zur Kenntnis der Kolbenwasserkafer (Palpicornia) von Sumatra, Java und Bali. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, Band IX (Tropische Binnengewasser II), 623 - 714, pls. XIV ¯ XVII." type="book chapter">Orchymont (1932)</bibRefCitation>
a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD212E5FD682C2DFD75" ID-CoL="8VY5S" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[400,528,697,722]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD212E5FD682C2DFD75" box="[400,528,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Helochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A third species was added to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21007FD682A12FD75" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1932" box="[882,1071,697,722]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Gymnhelochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21007FD682A12FD75" box="[882,1071,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gymnhelochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21729FD682B63FD75" box="[1116,1374,697,722]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref78996" refString="Balfour-Browne, J. (1958) La Reserve naturelle integrale du Mont Nimba, Guinea. VI. Coleopteres Hydrophiloides. Memoires de l'Institut francais d'Afrique noire, 53, 169 ¯ 190." type="journal article">Balfour-Brown (1958)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD2161FFD6B2EDCFD51" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80542" refString="Sato, M. (1965) Some aquatic Coleoptera from Formosa, I. Special Bulletin fo the Lepidopterological Society of Japan, 1, 126 ¯ 129." type="journal article">Satô (1965)</bibRefCitation>
re-established
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD212EFFD0C2C11FD51" ID-CoL="8VR7F" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" box="[410,556,733,758]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD212EFFD0C2C11FD51" box="[410,556,733,758]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as separate genus, and
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD2102FFD0F2A3AFD51" box="[858,1031,734,758]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79188" refString="Hansen, M. (1991) The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera, Hydrophiloidea). Biologiske Skrifter, 40, 1 ¯ 367." type="journal article">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
transferred
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD217EBFD0C2B66FD51" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1932" box="[1182,1371,733,758]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Gymnhelochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD217EBFD0C2B66FD51" box="[1182,1371,733,758]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gymnhelochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a “provisional” subgenus to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD212B4FCD02C6EFCBD" ID-CoL="8VR7F" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1903" box="[449,595,769,794]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD212B4FCD02C6EFCBD" box="[449,595,769,794]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35128AFFFB3FFD213B2FCF42B6CF964" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213B2FCF42BB9FC56" blockId="16.[151,1437,625,2020]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Reduced meso- and metafemoral pubescence was considered as distinguishing feature for
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD217C9FCF42B44FC99" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1932" box="[1212,1401,805,830]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Gymnhelochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD217C9FCF42B44FC99" box="[1212,1401,805,830]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gymnhelochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD213E2FC982F4EFCC5" box="[151,371,841,866]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80214" refString="Orchymont, A. (1932) Zur Kenntnis der Kolbenwasserkafer (Palpicornia) von Sumatra, Java und Bali. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, Band IX (Tropische Binnengewasser II), 623 - 714, pls. XIV ¯ XVII." type="book chapter">Orchymont (1932)</bibRefCitation>
. In many new species this character revealed to be clinal, and highly reduced femoral pubescence is present in species which are otherwise very different. For the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21715FCBC2ACFFC21" authority="Komarek &amp; Hebauer, 2018" authorityName="Komarek &amp; Hebauer" authorityYear="2018" box="[1120,1266,877,902]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21715FCBC2ACFFC21" box="[1120,1266,877,902]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C1A4DFFB3FFD2178FFCBF2B08FC22" box="[1274,1333,878,901]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
a unique diagnostic character has never been proposed and could not be identified in the present study. Consequently, this taxon should be regarded as paraphyletic. This implies that the previously used subgeneric subdivision of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2FC082F14FC55" authorityName="Komarek &amp; Hebauer" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,297,985,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2FC082F14FC55" box="[151,297,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is phylogenetically unjustified.
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD211E4FC082D73FC55" authorityName="Orchymont" authorityYear="1932" box="[657,846,985,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Gymnhelochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD211E4FC082D73FC55" box="[657,846,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Gymnhelochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is therefore synonymized with
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD217DAFC082B7CFC55" authority="Komarek &amp; Hebauer, 2018" authorityName="Komarek &amp; Hebauer" authorityYear="2018" box="[1199,1345,985,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD217DAFC082B7CFC55" box="[1199,1345,985,1010]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20C1A4DFFB3FFD2163CFC0B2BB9FC56" box="[1353,1412,986,1009]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213B2FC2F2B4FF995" blockId="16.[151,1437,625,2020]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213B2FC2F2FF3FBB0" bold="true" box="[199,462,1022,1047]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Systematic punctures.</emphasis>
The distinction between two kinds of elytral punctures arranged in rows can be traced back to Régimbart (1901) who observed “séries principales” and “séries accessoires” on the elytra of hydrophilids.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD213E2FB972F5BFBF8" box="[151,358,1094,1119]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80304" refString="Regimbart, M. (1903 a) Contribution a la faune Indo-Chinoise. 19 e memoire. Annales de la Societe entmologique de France, 72, 52 ¯ 64." type="journal article">Régimbart (1903a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21206FB972F86FBF8" box="[371,443,1094,1119]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80336" refString="Regimbart, M. (1903 b) Voyage de M. Maurice Maindron dans l'Inde meridionale (Mai a Novembre 1901). Dytiscides, Gyrinides et Palpicornes. Annales de la Societe entmologique de France, 72, 331 ¯ 339." type="journal article">1903b</bibRefCitation>
, 1904) applied the term “séries systématiques” and “points systématiques” for pronotal punctures arranged in certain patterns.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD2113DFBBB2D2CFB24" box="[584,785,1130,1155]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80002" refString="Orchymont, A. (1911) Contribution a l'etude des genres Sternolophus Solier, Hydrophilus Leach, Hydrous Leach (Fam. Hydrophilidae). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, 19, 53 ¯ 72, pl. 6." type="journal article">Orchymont (1911</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21069FBBA2D6AFB24" box="[796,855,1131,1155]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80046" refString="Orchymont, A. (1913) Einige Bemerkungen uber die aussere Morphologie der Hydrophiliden (Col.). Entomologische Mitteilungen, Band II, Number 4, 101 ¯ 106." type="journal article">1913</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21017FBBA2DA1FB24" box="[866,924,1131,1155]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80079" refString="Orchymont, A. (1921) Le genre Tropisternus I (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entmologique de Belgique, 61, 349 ¯ 374." type="journal article">1921</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD210DDFBBA2DDEFB24" box="[936,995,1131,1155]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80110" refString="Orchymont, A. (1922) Le genre Tropisternus II (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales de la Societe entmologique de Belgique, 62, 11 ¯ 47." type="journal article">1922</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21098FBBA2A15FB24" box="[1005,1064,1131,1155]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80141" refString="Orchymont, A. (1927) Papers on Malayan aquatic biology. V. Notes on the Hydrophilidae in the Federated Malay States Museums. Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums, 13, 246 ¯ 252." type="journal article">1927</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21746FBBA2A53FB24" box="[1075,1134,1131,1155]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80181" refString="Orchymont, A. (1929) Le genre Tritonus Mulsant (Col. Hydrophilidae). Annales et Bulletin de la Societe entmologique de Belgique, 69, 107 ¯ 114." type="journal article">1929</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD2170CFBBA2A89FB24" box="[1145,1204,1131,1155]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80214" refString="Orchymont, A. (1932) Zur Kenntnis der Kolbenwasserkafer (Palpicornia) von Sumatra, Java und Bali. Archiv fur Hydrobiologie, Supplement, Band IX (Tropische Binnengewasser II), 623 - 714, pls. XIV ¯ XVII." type="book chapter">1932</bibRefCitation>
, 1942) used the term “séries systématiques”, “pores systématiques”, “systematische Porenreihen” describing the appearance and position of these punctures on head, pronotum and elytra in different hydrophilid taxa.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21708FB622B19FB6C" box="[1149,1316,1203,1227]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79188" refString="Hansen, M. (1991) The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera, Hydrophiloidea). Biologiske Skrifter, 40, 1 ¯ 367." type="journal article">Hansen (1991)</bibRefCitation>
readopted and redefined the concept of “systematic punctures”, recognizing the necessity to differentiate between systematic punctures and “primary” serial elytral punctures. Oliva (1922) observes three kinds of elytral punctures: “hairs borne on granules or inserted in punctures”, “trichobothria”, and “micropores”. Systematic puctures are considered “trichobothria” also by
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD212D9FA932C02FAFC" box="[428,575,1346,1371]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80572" refString="Short, A. E. Z. (2008) Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa, 1855, 41 - 55." type="journal article">Short (2008)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD2110BFA932DA4FAFC" box="[638,921,1346,1371]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80654" refString="Short, A. E. Z. &amp; Fikacek, M. (2013) Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology, 38, 723 ¯ 752. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12024" type="journal article">Short &amp; Fikáček (2013)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD210DDFA932A06FAFC" box="[936,1083,1346,1371]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80572" refString="Short, A. E. Z. (2008) Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa, 1855, 41 - 55." type="journal article">Short (2008)</bibRefCitation>
distinguishes between ground punctation, serial punctures and systematic punctures. Electron microscopic investigations (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD217BDFAB72B72FAD8" box="[1224,1359,1382,1407]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79962" refString="Oliva, A. (1992) Cuticular microsculpture in some genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera) and their phylogenetic significance. Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie, 62, 33 - 56." type="journal article">Oliva 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD21615FAB72EEFFA04" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80572" refString="Short, A. E. Z. (2008) Revision of the Afrotropical genus Tritonus Mulsant (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). Zootaxa, 1855, 41 - 55." type="journal article">Short 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD213ABFA5B2F87FA04" box="[222,442,1418,1443]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79031" refString="Fikacek, M., Prokin, A., Angus, R. B., Ponomarenko, A., Yue, Y., Ren, D. &amp; Prokop, J. (2012) Revision of Mesozoic fossils of the helophorid lineage of the superfamily Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Polyphaga). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 52, 89 - 127." type="journal article">
Fikáček
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD2124AFA5A2F4CFA04" box="[319,369,1418,1443]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) revealed a characteristic structure of the systematic punctures bearing a very fine seta, often damaged and hardly to detect in dried specimens, probably serving as mechanoreceptors (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD217C9FA7F2BA8FA60" box="[1212,1429,1454,1479]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79031" refString="Fikacek, M., Prokin, A., Angus, R. B., Ponomarenko, A., Yue, Y., Ren, D. &amp; Prokop, J. (2012) Revision of Mesozoic fossils of the helophorid lineage of the superfamily Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera: Polyphaga). Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 52, 89 - 127." type="journal article">
Fikáček
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21668FA7E2B70FA60" box="[1309,1357,1454,1479]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
) in the aquatic environment. Systematic punctures can be detected by their position (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD217CFFA022B67FA4C" box="[1210,1370,1491,1515]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref79188" refString="Hansen, M. (1991) The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera, Hydrophiloidea). Biologiske Skrifter, 40, 1 ¯ 367." type="journal article">Hansen 1991</bibRefCitation>
) and arrangement, they can “usually be easily detected as vestiges on the ventral face of the elytra”. Following the criteria of quality and position (
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD2128DF9CA2CA5F994" box="[504,664,1562,1587]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80433" refString="Remane, A. (1952) Die Grundlagen des Naturlichen Systems, der Uergleichenden Anatomie und der Phylogenetik. Theoretische Morphologie und Systematik I. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft Gest &amp; Portig, Leipzig, 400 pp." type="book">Remane 1952</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD211D6F9CB2CE3F994" box="[675,734,1562,1587]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80470" refString="Remane, A. (1961) Gedanken und Probleme: Homologie und Analogie, Praeadaptation und Parallelitat. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 166 (9 / 12), 447 ¯ 465." type="journal article">1961</bibRefCitation>
), I consider systematic punctures as homologue structures.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213E2F9EE2A24F938" blockId="16.[151,1437,625,2020]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
In most species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21212F9EF2FC4F9F0" authorityName="Komarek &amp; Hebauer" authorityYear="2018" box="[359,505,1598,1623]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21212F9EF2FC4F9F0" box="[359,505,1598,1623]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
four rows of systematic punctures are discernible on the elytra. In
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21796F9EE2B4BF9F1" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[1251,1398,1599,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="attenuatus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21796F9EE2B4BF9F1" box="[1251,1398,1599,1622]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. attenuatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD216F1F9EE2F3EF9DC" authorityName="Minoshima, Komarek &amp; Ohara" authorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insidiator">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD216F1F9EE2F3EF9DC" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. insidiator</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21265F9B22F46F9DC" baseAuthorityName="Hansen" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[272,379,1634,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="politus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21265F9B22F46F9DC" box="[272,379,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. politus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD212CDF9B22C6CF9DC" baseAuthorityName="Jia" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[440,593,1634,1659]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="puzhelongi">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD212CDF9B22C6CF9DC" box="[440,593,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">A. puzhelongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a differentiation between systematic and serial punctures is not possible. In these cases we use the mere descriptive formulation “coarse punctures in rows”.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213B2F97A2B6CF964" blockId="16.[151,1437,625,2020]" box="[199,1361,1706,1731]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
A full redescription of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD2114CF97B2CF6F964" authorityName="Komarek &amp; Hebauer" authorityYear="2018" box="[569,715,1706,1731]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD2114CF97B2CF6F964" box="[569,715,1706,1731]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will be provided in one of the forthcoming contributions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35128AFFFB3FFD313B2F91F2F5EFDC7" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD213B2F91F2CA5F8D0" blockId="16.[151,1437,625,2020]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213B2F91F2F7CF940" bold="true" box="[199,321,1742,1767]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD2123AF91F2FDCF940" authorityName="Komarek &amp; Hebauer" authorityYear="2018" box="[335,481,1742,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Agraphydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD2123AF91F2FDCF940" box="[335,481,1742,1767]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Agraphydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21052F91F2D81F940" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[807,956,1742,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFDA06D5FFB3FFD210A7F91F2ADBF940" box="[978,1254,1742,1767]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref80654" refString="Short, A. E. Z. &amp; Fikacek, M. (2013) Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera). Systematic Entomology, 38, 723 ¯ 752. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12024" type="journal article">Short &amp; Fikáček 2013</bibRefCitation>
), together with
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2F9222F67F8AB" authority="Klug" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" box="[151,346,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2F9222F28F8AB" box="[151,277,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Acidocerus</emphasis>
Klug
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD2121DF9222C6EF8AB" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" box="[360,595,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD2121DF9222C38F8AB" box="[360,517,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
Sharp
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21114F9252D6DF8AB" authority="Spangler" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" box="[609,848,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21114F9252CDCF8AC" box="[609,737,1780,1803]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
Spangler
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD2102BF9222B18F8AB" authority="Garcia, Helochares Mulsant" authorityName="Garcia, Helochares Mulsant" authorityYear="2001" box="[862,1317,1779,1804]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD2102BF9222DE5F8AB" box="[862,984,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Globulosis</emphasis>
García,
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21748F9222A80F8AB" box="[1085,1213,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Helochares</emphasis>
Mulsant
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21641F9222EC7F888" authority="Bergroth" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21641F9222BA1F8AB" box="[1332,1436,1779,1804]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Helobata</emphasis>
Bergroth
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21261F8C72C72F888" authority="Orchymont" authorityName="Orchymont" box="[276,591,1814,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21261F8C72F8AF888" box="[276,439,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
Orchymont
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21113F8C72D49F888" authority="Hansen" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[614,884,1814,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21113F8C72D37F888" box="[614,778,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
Hansen
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD210F9F8C72AA0F888" authority="Regimbart" authorityName="Regimbart" box="[908,1181,1814,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD210F9F8C72A2CF888" box="[908,1041,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Peltochares</emphasis>
Régimbart
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD217C0F8C72BA5F888" authority="Hansen" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[1205,1432,1814,1839]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD217C0F8C72B10F888" box="[1205,1325,1814,1839]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Quadriops</emphasis>
Hansen
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2F8EA2FF2F8F4" authority="Short &amp; Garcia" authorityName="Short &amp; Garcia" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,463,1851,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2F8EA2F25F8F3" box="[151,280,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tobochares</emphasis>
Short &amp; García
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD2117FF8EA2D1BF8F4" authority="Spangler. It" authorityName="Spangler. It" authorityYear="1981" box="[522,806,1851,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD2117FF8EA2CA0F8F3" box="[522,669,1851,1876]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Troglochares</emphasis>
Spangler. It
</taxonomicName>
can be characterized and differentiated from the genera mentioned above by the following characters:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB3FFD313B2F8522B15FF5F" blockId="16.[151,1437,625,2020]" lastBlockId="17.[151,1436,151,1042]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Body length 1.4̄
<quantity id="4CB3D6C1FFB3FFD212FAF8552FD5F83C" box="[399,488,1924,1948]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
(in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD211EEF8522D1DF83B" box="[667,800,1923,1948]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD211EEF8522D1DF83B" box="[667,800,1923,1948]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Peltochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<quantity id="4CB3D6C1FFB3FFD21011F8552DECF83C" box="[868,977,1924,1948]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">911 mm</quantity>
body length, and some large species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD213E2F8762F2AF867" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,279,1959,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD213E2F8762F2AF867" box="[151,279,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Helochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21223F8762F83F867" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" box="[342,446,1959,1984]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21223F8762F83F867" box="[342,446,1959,1984]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Habitus slender to broad (E.I.=1.0̄1.6); mostly oval shaped or with parallel-sided elytra, few species with elytra widening posterior to midlength (shared with
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD21080F81A2A4EF843" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" box="[1013,1139,1995,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD21080F81A2A4EF843" box="[1013,1139,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Acidocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB3FFD217F7F81A2B1BF843" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[1154,1318,1995,2020]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB3FFD217F7F81A2B1BF843" box="[1154,1318,1995,2020]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and many species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3127AFF462FB2FF17" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[271,399,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3127AFF462FB2FF17" box="[271,399,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); generally weakly to moderately convex dorsally, rarely strongly convex (strongly convex in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD313C1FF6D2F10FF72" authorityName="Garcia, Helochares Mulsant" authorityYear="2001" box="[180,301,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313C1FF6D2F10FF72" box="[180,301,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Globulosis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); elytra not explanate laterally (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31058FF6D2D96FF72" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" box="[813,939,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31058FF6D2D96FF72" box="[813,939,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Acidocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD310CCFF6D2A1CFF72" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" box="[953,1057,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD310CCFF6D2A1CFF72" box="[953,1057,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31745FF6D2AEEFF72" box="[1072,1235,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31745FF6D2AEEFF72" box="[1072,1235,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31794FF6D2B58FF72" box="[1249,1381,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31794FF6D2B58FF72" box="[1249,1381,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Peltochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD313E2FF0E2F32FF5F" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,271,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313E2FF0E2F32FF5F" box="[151,271,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Quadriops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Outline of body not inerrupted between pronotum and elytra (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31701FF0E2B25FF5F" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[1140,1304,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31701FF0E2B25FF5F" box="[1140,1304,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB2FFD313B2FED52F5EFDC7" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1042]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313B2FED52F39FEBA" box="[199,260,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Head</emphasis>
. Labrum not concealed by anteriorly enlarged clypeus (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31734FED52A94FEBA" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" box="[1089,1193,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31734FED52A94FEBA" box="[1089,1193,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3179DFED52BB6FEBA" box="[1256,1419,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3179DFED52BB6FEBA" box="[1256,1419,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), anterior margin of clypeus slightly to distinctly emarginate (emargination absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31719FEF92AE9FEE6" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" box="[1132,1236,296,321]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31719FEF92AE9FEE6" box="[1132,1236,296,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31666FEF92BB6FEE6" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[1299,1419,296,321]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31666FEF92BB6FEE6" box="[1299,1419,296,321]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Quadriops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); compound eyes present (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3111DFE9D2CC6FEC2" authorityName="Spangler. It" authorityYear="1981" box="[616,763,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3111DFE9D2CC6FEC2" box="[616,763,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Troglochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), not subdivided (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD317F6FE9D2AC6FEC2" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[1155,1275,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD317F6FE9D2AC6FEC2" box="[1155,1275,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Quadriops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), not excised anteriorly (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD312C3FEA02C0BFE2F" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" box="[438,566,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD312C3FEA02C0BFE2F" box="[438,566,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31133FEA12C93FE2E" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" box="[582,686,368,393]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31133FEA12C93FE2E" box="[582,686,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD311CAFEA12D5EFE2E" box="[703,867,368,393]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helopeltarium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD311CAFEA12D5EFE2E" box="[703,867,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helopeltarium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and some species of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31729FEA12AE1FE2E" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[1116,1244,368,393]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31729FEA12AE1FE2E" box="[1116,1244,368,393]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Antennae with eight or nine antennomeres.
<collectingRegion id="498FB5C6FFB2FFD31293FE442C78FE0B" box="[486,581,405,428]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Mentum</collectingRegion>
without ventral ridge (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3108BFE452A5BFE0A" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" box="[1022,1126,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3108BFE452A5BFE0A" box="[1022,1126,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), with anterior impression (shared with all
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31227FE692FD0FE76" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[338,493,440,465]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
). Maxillary palpi 0.7̄1.5 × as long as width of head anterior to eyes (shared with most genera of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31237FE0D2FE7FE52" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[322,474,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
, shorter in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31120FE0D2CC4FE52" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[597,761,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31120FE0D2CC4FE52" box="[597,761,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31058FE0D2D98FE52" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[813,933,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31058FE0D2D98FE52" box="[813,933,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Quadriops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; longer in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31768FE0D2A9CFE52" box="[1053,1185,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31768FE0D2A9CFE52" box="[1053,1185,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Peltochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); palpomeres straight, not curving mesad, palpomere 2 club-shaped (in contrast to all other genera of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31745FDD12AF8FDBE" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[1072,1221,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
with either mesad bending palpomere 2, 3 or 4, or (
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3116AFDF52CFEFD9A" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[543,707,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3116AFDF52CFEFD9A" box="[543,707,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) with swollen palpomere 2. Ground punctation and systematic punctures present.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35128AFFFB2FFD313B2FDBD2D73FBB5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB2FFD313B2FDBD2CD8FC6D" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1042]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313B2FDBD2F25FD22" box="[199,280,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Thorax</emphasis>
. Pronotum with ground punctation and systematic punctures (shared with most genera of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD313E2FD402F0CFD0D" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[151,305,657,682]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
), punctation not granulate (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3105BFD402D91FD0D" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" box="[814,940,657,682]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3105BFD402D91FD0D" box="[814,940,657,682]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Acidocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Prosternum not carinate (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD313E2FD652F28FD6A" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" box="[151,277,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313E2FD652F28FD6A" box="[151,277,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Acidocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), procoxal cavities open posteriorly (in contrast to
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31023FD652D83FD6A" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" box="[854,958,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31023FD652D83FD6A" box="[854,958,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Mesoventrite simply bulged or with low transverse ridge; rarely with low carina (shared with
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3107AFD0B2DB2FD56" authorityName="Spangler" authorityYear="1979" box="[783,911,730,753]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Dieroxenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3107AFD0B2DB2FD56" box="[783,911,730,753]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Dieroxenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD310BAFD082A4EFD55" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[975,1139,729,754]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD310BAFD082A4EFD55" box="[975,1139,729,754]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; strong carina present in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD313E2FD2D2F09FCB2" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,308,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Chasmogenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313E2FD2D2F09FCB2" box="[151,308,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Chasmogenus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Metaventrite without projection (carinate in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31037FD2D2D97FCB2" authorityName="Bergroth" authorityYear="1888" box="[834,938,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helobata" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31037FD2D2D97FCB2" box="[834,938,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helobata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Elytra with irregular series of very course punctures in few species, without regular serial punctures or striae (ten rows of regular serial punctures or punctate striae present in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31217FC952FDDFCFA" authorityName="Klug" authorityYear="1855" box="[354,480,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Acidocerus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31217FC952FDDFCFA" box="[354,480,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Acidocerus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31281FC952CA5FCFA" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[500,664,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31281FC952CA5FCFA" box="[500,664,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD311D9FC952D0CFCFA" box="[684,817,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD311D9FC952D0CFCFA" box="[684,817,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Peltochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31031FC952D81FCFA" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[836,956,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31031FC952D81FCFA" box="[836,956,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Quadriops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD310A5FC952A6DFCFA" authorityName="Short &amp; Garcia" authorityYear="2007" box="[976,1104,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD310A5FC952A6DFCFA" box="[976,1104,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Tobochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and in some subgenera of
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD313E2FCB82F2AFC25" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[151,279,873,898]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313E2FCB82F2AFC25" box="[151,279,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); scutellary stria absent (present in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD311D9FCB82D6DFC25" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[684,848,873,898]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD311D9FCB82D6DFC25" box="[684,848,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3102BFCB82DDFFC25" box="[862,994,873,898]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peltochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3102BFCB82DDFFC25" box="[862,994,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Peltochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and in some
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD317F6FCB82B3EFC25" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[1155,1283,873,898]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD317F6FCB82B3EFC25" box="[1155,1283,873,898]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), pubescence on mesofemur present (shared with all
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3113BFC5C2CD5FC01" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[590,744,909,934]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
), on metafemur present or absent (absent only in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31661FC5C2BB1FC01" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[1300,1420,909,934]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31661FC5C2BB1FC01" box="[1300,1420,909,934]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Quadriops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Tarsi five-segmented (shared with all
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3114BFC602CE4FC6D" baseAuthorityName="Zaitzev" baseAuthorityYear="1908" box="[574,729,945,970]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Acidocerinae">Acidocerinae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF47B24FFB2FFD313B2FC042D73FBB5" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,1042]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313B2FC042F0CFC49" box="[199,305,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Apical emargination of abdominal ventrite 5 present or absent (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD3171FFC042ADEFC49" authorityName="Garcia, Helochares Mulsant" authorityYear="2001" box="[1130,1251,981,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Globulosis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD3171FFC042ADEFC49" box="[1130,1251,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Globulosis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31784FC042BA8FC49" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1997" box="[1265,1429,981,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Horelophopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31784FC042BA8FC49" box="[1265,1429,981,1006]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Horelophopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD313E2FC282F32FBB5" authorityName="Hansen" authorityYear="1999" box="[151,271,1017,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Quadriops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD313E2FC282F32FBB5" box="[151,271,1017,1042]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Quadriops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD31269FC282FA1FBB5" authorityName="Short &amp; Garcia" authorityYear="2007" box="[284,412,1017,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD31269FC282FA1FBB5" box="[284,412,1017,1042]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Tobochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD312DEFC282C03FBB5" authorityName="Spangler. It" authorityYear="1981" box="[427,574,1017,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Troglochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD312DEFC282C03FBB5" box="[427,574,1017,1042]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Troglochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and some
<taxonomicName id="4C4B00A7FFB2FFD311CBFC282D03FBB5" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1844" box="[702,830,1017,1042]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Helochares" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B93FA736FFB2FFD311CBFC282D03FBB5" box="[702,830,1017,1042]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Helochares</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>