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<document id="E401E4D15E22C98DB1268DC30473CA5B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4236.2.13SLASH10282" ID-CLB-Dataset="36458" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4236.2.13" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f0a2293a-94d3-4f8b-9bcd-62fc8bee4184" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="321806" ID-ZooBank="FF60A213-0927-41A3-85C6-5B0015A01D6F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1487841822256" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Heppner, John B. &amp; Bae, Yang-Seop" docDate="2017" docId="03A987C8FFCE781D1AD6FF573FA48DD9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4236.2.13SLASH10282.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4236 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zebraodes Heppner &amp; Bae, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="396" masterDocId="FF90FFB0FFCF78191A41FF8E3D428E1E" masterDocTitle="Zebraodes, new genus, with a new species from Vietnam (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Archipini)" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="392" pageNumber="393" updateTime="1698437259486" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B0168A64052F07156109C24761723A47">Zebraodes, new genus, with a new species from Vietnam (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae: Archipini)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C7717FBB4EB3EF3BD310380FE13FB3E3">Heppner, John B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CE0CE565895DC525FB8EE22923E1B2E4">Bae, Yang-Seop</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1F1334827B0301B81A8C8FE531E8E6FC">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D95BA7A8B99282EE575AC180834CE18C">2017</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03A987C8FFCE781D1AD6FF573FA48DD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6017670" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127709808" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6017670" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A987C8FFCE781D1AD6FF573FA48DD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A987C8FFCE781D1AD6FF573FA48DD9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="396" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<subSubSection id="C31A6555FFCE78181AD6FF573C628F0A" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181AD6FF573F338EED" blockId="1.[151,625,217,277]" box="[151,625,217,243]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<heading id="D0F781B2FFCE78181AD6FF573F338EED" bold="true" box="[151,625,217,243]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181AD6FF573F338EED" bold="true" box="[151,625,217,243]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE78181AD6FF573CA08EED" ID-CoL="B4HF6" authority="Heppner &amp; Bae" authorityName="Heppner &amp; Bae" box="[151,482,217,243]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181AD6FF573C568EED" bold="true" box="[151,276,217,243]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Zebraodes</emphasis>
Heppner &amp; Bae
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757B7FFCE78181BAEFF573F338EED" box="[495,625,217,243]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181AD6FF723C628F0A" blockId="1.[151,625,217,277]" box="[151,288,252,277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
(
<figureCitation id="133B2A5BFFCE78181ADEFF723C558F0A" box="[159,279,252,277]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 3" captionStart-1="FIGURES 4 – 9" captionStart-2="FIGURE 14" captionStart-3="FIGURE 15" captionStart-4="FIGURE 16" captionStart-5="FIGURE 17" captionStart-6="FIGURE 18" captionStartId-0="2.[151,264,1979,2002]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,264,1047,1070]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,768,790]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionStartId-4="6.[151,250,1871,1893]" captionStartId-5="7.[151,250,1091,1113]" captionStartId-6="8.[151,250,1099,1121]" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 3. Zebraodes, n. gen., from Vietnam. 1. Z. lucidalis n. sp., male paratype (22.6 mm wingspan). 2. Male holotype (24 mm wingspan). 3. Female paratype (27.8 mm wingspan)." captionText-1="FIGURES 4 – 9. Head and abdomen of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp. (lateral, dorsal, and frontal views). 4 – 6. Head of male holotype. 7 – 9. Head of female paratype." captionText-2="FIGURE 14. Morphological features of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp. 14. Chaetosemata." captionText-3="FIGURE 15. Morphological features of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp. 15. Wing venation." captionText-4="FIGURE 16. Genitalia of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp., 16. Male paratype (light form): a) aedeagus, b) uncus and gnathos, c) transtilla and juxta, d) anterior of abdomen (ventral view), and e) pregenital sternal plate (genitalia slide JBH 3101)." captionText-5="FIGURE 17. Male holotype (dark form): a) aedeagus, and b) uncus and gnathos (showing spatulate distal end) (genitalia slide JBH 3495)." captionText-6="FIGURE 18. Female paratype: a) sterigma and ostium (genitalia slide JBH 3159)." pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Figs. 1–18</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6555FFCE78181AD6FEB03E618F4A" box="[151,803,318,340]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181AD6FEB03E618F4A" blockId="1.[151,803,318,340]" box="[151,803,318,340]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
Type-species:
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE78181B69FEB03FDA8F4A" authority="Heppner &amp; Bae" authorityName="Heppner &amp; Bae" box="[296,664,318,340]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181B69FEB03CB28F4A" box="[296,496,318,340]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Zebraodes lucidalis</emphasis>
Heppner &amp; Bae
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757B7FFCE781818E3FEB13E5D8F4A" box="[674,799,318,340]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6555FFCE78181AD6FEF238D08C1E" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181AD6FEF238D08C1E" blockId="1.[151,1437,380,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181AD6FEF23C488F8B" bold="true" box="[151,266,380,405]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. The single species of the new genus has a brightly patterned forewing resembling some
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE78181F4BFEF2382E8F8B" box="[1290,1388,380,405]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ceracini">Ceracini</taxonomicName>
, but features of the genitalia are most similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE781818BEFE113E2C8FA6" box="[767,878,415,440]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
, notably the strongly convex phallus and strong uncus in the male genitalia. Also, females of most
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE781818A2FE4A3E008FC3" box="[739,834,452,477]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ceracini">Ceracini</taxonomicName>
have four or more acanthi in the frenulum, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE78181AD6FE693C4F8C1E" box="[151,269,487,512]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181AD6FE693C4F8C1E" box="[151,269,487,512]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Zebraodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has three, typical of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE78181BB6FE693F248C1E" box="[503,614,487,512]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
. The absence of a signum in the female genitalia is unusual for the tribe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6555FFCE78181A86FD823C7D8929" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181A86FD823DA38C8E" blockId="1.[151,1437,380,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181A86FD823C138C3B" bold="true" box="[199,337,524,549]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Description</emphasis>
. Head: Distinctly small compared to thorax and body; vertex and frons relatively smooth, with erect scales only posteriorly toward the cervical margin; labial palpus upcurved; haustellum reduced; antenna ventrally bisetose in males; ocellus absent; chaetosema (
<figureCitation id="133B2A5BFFCE7818194DFDDA3E1C8C72" box="[780,862,596,621]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="4.[151,250,768,790]" captionText="FIGURE 14. Morphological features of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp. 14. Chaetosemata." pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) posterodorsad of eye; patagia with large plate-like scales.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181A86FD1238448A8B" blockId="1.[151,1437,380,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
Thorax: Robust, with prominent tegulae, with smooth and appressed scales; legs of typical length for body size, without prominent tibial tufts. Wing expanse 20.8–24.0 mm (n = 9) in male,
<quantity id="4CF89B3BFFCE78181E1BFD4E39838CC9" box="[1114,1217,704,728]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.78" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" unit="mm" value="27.8">27.8 mm</quantity>
(n = 1) in female. Forewing (
<figureCitation id="133B2A5BFFCE78181B53FD6D3C208CE2" box="[274,354,739,764]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionText="FIGURE 15. Morphological features of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp. 15. Wing venation." pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) elongate-triangular, with abrupt rounded apex and tornus, moderately straight termen; all veins present, with cell to 2/3 of wing, Sc to 2/3 on costal margin, R1–R4 evenly spaced, R4 extending to costa near apex, R5 to termen just below apex, M1–M3 equally spaced to termen, CuA1 from end of cell and nearly approximate to base of M3 and curved dorsally to termen, CuA2 from midway point of cell and to tornus close to CuA1 at termen, CuP present from tornus for 1/5 of wing length and then weak to base of wing near cubitus and curved to CuA2, A1+2 to near tornus and with long basal fork (1/4 of wing length), and A3 minute and indistinct at wing base. Hindwing (
<figureCitation id="133B2A5BFFCE78181B56FC4D3C288DC2" box="[279,362,963,988]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1492,1514]" captionText="FIGURE 15. Morphological features of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp. 15. Wing venation." pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
) subovate-rectangular, with acutely rounded apex and widely rounded tornus and anal margin, with cell to 3/5 of wing, Sc+R1 long and to near apex, Rs to apex and approximate at end of cell with M1, M2 with abrupt bend at cell end, M3 direct from cubitus and stalked with CuA1 nearly from end of cell, cubitus curved along cell border and with CuA2 from 3/5 cell length, CuP at tornus and to midwing and then faintly straight to base, A1 convex to dorsal tornal margin, A2 separate and only slightly convex from base to anal margin, and A3 indistinct at base; a small anal pecten, cubital pecten absent. Male frenulum with one acanthus, female with three.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181A86FB2E3C7D8929" blockId="1.[151,1437,380,2027]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="133B2A5BFFCE78181B04FB2E3CD58AA7" box="[325,407,1184,1209]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1871,1893]" captionText="FIGURE 16. Genitalia of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp., 16. Male paratype (light form): a) aedeagus, b) uncus and gnathos, c) transtilla and juxta, d) anterior of abdomen (ventral view), and e) pregenital sternal plate (genitalia slide JBH 3101)." pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
d–e): Average in size compared to body and wing size, without coremata; pregenital plates (fig. 16e) in male simple. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="133B2A5BFFCE78181826FB4D3FAF8AC2" box="[615,749,1219,1244]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 16" captionStart-1="FIGURE 17" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1871,1893]" captionStartId-1="7.[151,250,1091,1113]" captionText-0="FIGURE 16. Genitalia of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp., 16. Male paratype (light form): a) aedeagus, b) uncus and gnathos, c) transtilla and juxta, d) anterior of abdomen (ventral view), and e) pregenital sternal plate (genitalia slide JBH 3101)." captionText-1="FIGURE 17. Male holotype (dark form): a) aedeagus, and b) uncus and gnathos (showing spatulate distal end) (genitalia slide JBH 3495)." pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Figs. 16–17</figureCitation>
) with tegumen strongly sclerotized, with lateral bulge at base of gnathos arms and widened to double width at valval junctions; uncus strong, elongate, with bulbous apex; gnathos in form of fused, recurved arms, with rounded, slender, spatulate apex; vinculum widened to valval bases, convex, with short, subtriangular saccus; transtilla a wide, strongly sclerotized convex and flattened band, with a dorsal carina, and with lateral appendages extending dorso-posteriorly as long as valvae, slightly twisted; valva triangular, with short setose sacculus and elongated, slender saccular process with a blunt rounded apex, curved and twisted dorsad, with costal margin concave to base, and with a small basal setose pulvinus near saccular base; juxta a rounded and flattened plate with a dorsal V-notch; anellus fused with phallus as posterior arm-like appendage; phallus (
<figureCitation id="133B2A5BFFCE78181BC4FA513CA78BE6" box="[389,485,1503,1528]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1871,1893]" captionText="FIGURE 16. Genitalia of Zebraodes lucidalis, n. sp., 16. Male paratype (light form): a) aedeagus, b) uncus and gnathos, c) transtilla and juxta, d) anterior of abdomen (ventral view), and e) pregenital sternal plate (genitalia slide JBH 3101)." pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
a, 17a) strongly convex, with short phallobase and distad bulbous vesica and tiny dorsal thorns; cornutus a slender, long spine; ductus ejaculatorius short to bulbous vesica. Female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="133B2A5BFFCE78181F2EF98C3DF68821" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1099,1121]" captionText="FIGURE 18. Female paratype: a) sterigma and ostium (genitalia slide JBH 3159)." pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
) with ovipositor short (subequal to length of sternite 8th), with very large flattened and setose papillae anales; apophyses subequal in length, with posterior pair with very enlarged widened base; lamella postvaginalis strongly sclerotized as a band of even length, with an internal apodeme perpendicular to lamella; sterigma ovate-convex anteriorly as a rounded ridge, open posteriorly as thin membrane merged with ostial margin; ostium a simple rounded opening with a ventral carinate undulated ridge, then slightly bulbous to entrance of ductus bursae; ductus bursae short, nearly as wide as ostium, then gradually merged with bursa; ductus seminalis from posterior side of bursa; corpus bursae elongate-ovoid, with small elongated and bulbous accessory bursa dorsally near anterior end; signum absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6555FFCE78181A86F8CC39FD8945" box="[199,1215,1858,1883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181A86F8CC39FD8945" blockId="1.[151,1437,380,2027]" box="[199,1215,1858,1883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181A86F8CC3C048945" bold="true" box="[199,326,1858,1883]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Etymology</emphasis>
. The specific epithet refers to the zebra-like appearance of the adult forewings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6555FFCE78181A86F8EB3CE18960" box="[199,419,1893,1918]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181A86F8EB3CE18960" blockId="1.[151,1437,380,2027]" box="[199,419,1893,1918]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181A86F8EB3C5D8960" bold="true" box="[199,287,1893,1918]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Biology</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6555FFCE78181A86F8043E4189BD" box="[199,771,1930,1955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE78181A86F8043E4189BD" blockId="1.[151,1437,380,2027]" box="[199,771,1930,1955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181A86F8043C1B89BD" bold="true" box="[199,345,1930,1955]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Distribution</emphasis>
. Known only from northern
<collectingCountry id="F317764EFFCE781818DCF8043E4289BD" box="[669,768,1930,1955]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6555FFCE781D1A86F8233FA48DD9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="396" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCE781B1A86F8233C178FCD" blockId="1.[151,1437,380,2027]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,467]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="394" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181A86F8233C0789D8" bold="true" box="[199,325,1965,1990]" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Discussion</emphasis>
. As noted previously,
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE78181804F8233FF989D8" box="[581,699,1965,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCE78181804F8233FF989D8" box="[581,699,1965,1990]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="393">Zebraodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is anomalous among
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE781819F5F823395D89D8" box="[948,1055,1965,1990]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
and superficially similar to some
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE78181AD6F85C3DBB89F5" box="[151,249,2002,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ceracini">Ceracini</taxonomicName>
, particularly in its forewing maculation and its small head. The wing venation conforms well to
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCE78181F6BF85C38DA89F5" box="[1322,1432,2002,2027]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="393" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
, with the hindwing convergences of Rs to M1 and M2–M3 to CuA1 (
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCD781B19F4FF1939068EAE" author="Horak" box="[949,1092,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" refString="Horak, M. (1998) The Tortricoidea. In: Kristensen, N. P. (Ed.), Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies. Vol. 1. Evolution, Systematics, and Biogeography. Handbuch der Zoologie. Band IF. Arthropoda: Insecta. Teilband 35. W. De Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 199 - 215." type="journal article" year="1998">Horak 1998</bibRefCitation>
). The lack of an ocellus also supports assignment of the genus to
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B1879FF303FE58EC9" box="[568,679,190,215]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
; i.e., some archipines lack an ocellus, whereas all known
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B1F7CFF3038DE8EC9" box="[1341,1436,190,215]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ceracini">Ceracini</taxonomicName>
have a large ocellus. Likewise, the female has a frenulum with three acanthi, typical of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B1E3CFF6C39A98EE5" box="[1149,1259,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
, rather than the normal number of 4 acanthi for
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B1BBDFE883F198F01" box="[508,603,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ceracini">Ceracini</taxonomicName>
females (
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCD781B1886FE883EFB8F01" author="Monsalve" box="[711,953,262,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" refString="Monsalve, S., Dombroskie, J., Lam, W., Rota, J. &amp; Brown, J. (2011) Variation in the female frenulum in Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Part 3. Tortricinae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 113, 335 - 370. https: // doi. org / 10.4289 / 0013 - 8797.113.3.335" type="journal article" year="2011">
Monsalve
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B197FFE863E358F01" box="[830,887,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
). The nearest relative of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B1E8CFE8838018F01" box="[1229,1347,262,287]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B1E8CFE8838018F01" box="[1229,1347,262,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Zebraodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B1AD6FEA43C398F5D" authority="Meyrick" authorityName="Meyrick" box="[151,379,298,323]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Terthreutis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B1AD6FEA43C4C8F5D" box="[151,270,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Terthreutis</emphasis>
Meyrick
</taxonomicName>
, another Asian genus with rounded forewings and some resemblance in the maculation and male genitalia (
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCD781B1B05FEC03CBA8F79" author="Razowski" box="[324,504,334,359]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" refString="Razowski, J. (1987) The genera of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Part I: Palaearctic Chlidanotinae and Tortricinae. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 30, 141 - 355." type="journal article" year="1987">Razowski 1987</bibRefCitation>
). However, no other archipine genus appears to have a secondary bursa like that of female
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B1AADFEFC3C208F95" box="[236,354,370,395]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B1AADFEFC3C208F95" box="[236,354,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Zebraodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Unfortunately, most studies on
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B189DFEFC3E0A8F95" box="[732,840,370,395]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
have dealt primarily with northern genera and very few have evaluated some of the more unusual tropical genera (Dombrowski &amp;
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCD781B1E1BFE1838438FB1" author="Sperling" box="[1114,1281,406,431]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" refString="Dombroskie, J. J. &amp; Sperling, A. H. (2013) Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) and evolutionary correlates of novel secondary sexual structures. Zootaxa, 3729 (1), 1 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3729.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Sperling 2013</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCD781B1F52FE1838DA8FB1" author="Jinbo" box="[1299,1432,406,431]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" refString="Jinbo, U. (2000) Phylogeny of the tribe Archipini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Tortricinae) of Japan. Bulletin of Natural History Tokyo Metropolitan University, 4, 33 - 75. [in Japanese]" type="journal article" year="2000">Jinbo 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCD781B1AD6FE343C0A8FCD" author="Razowski" box="[151,328,442,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" refString="Razowski, J. (1987) The genera of Tortricidae (Lepidoptera). Part I: Palaearctic Chlidanotinae and Tortricinae. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia, 30, 141 - 355." type="journal article" year="1987">Razowski 1987</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7F6656FFCD781B1AD6F8353E4689EF" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCD781B1AD6F8353E4689EF" blockId="2.[151,1436,1979,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B1AD6F8353C7889CF" bold="true" box="[151,314,1979,2002]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">FIGURES 1–3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B1B01F8323CE989CC" box="[320,427,1980,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B1B01F8323CE989CC" box="[320,427,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Zebraodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757B7FFCD781B1BF9F8323CBD89CF" box="[440,511,1980,2001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B1BF9F8323CBD89CF" bold="true" box="[440,511,1980,2001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">n. gen.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, from Vietnam. 1.
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCD781B18FFF8333E7289CC" box="[702,816,1980,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B18FFF8333E7289CC" box="[702,816,1980,2002]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">Z. lucidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757B7FFCD781B1977F8323E3289CF" box="[822,880,1980,2001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCD781B1977F8323E3289CF" bold="true" box="[822,880,1980,2001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="394">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, male paratype (22.6 mm wingspan). 2. Male holotype (24 mm wingspan). 3. Female paratype (27.8 mm wingspan).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7F6656FFCC781A1AD6FB993F6D8A52" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCC781A1AD6FB993F6D8A52" blockId="3.[151,1435,1047,1100]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCC781A1AD6FB993C7C8A33" bold="true" box="[151,318,1047,1070]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">FIGURES 4–9.</emphasis>
Head and abdomen of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCC781A187DFB963E4A8A30" box="[572,776,1048,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="395" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCC781A187DFB963E4A8A30" box="[572,776,1048,1070]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">Zebraodes lucidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757B7FFCC781A1959FB963E178A33" box="[792,853,1048,1069]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCC781A1959FB963E178A33" bold="true" box="[792,853,1048,1069]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(lateral, dorsal, and frontal views). 4–6. Head of male holotype. 7–9. Head of female paratype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7F6656FFCC781A1AD6F80838D28982" box="[151,1424,1926,1949]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCC781A1AD6F80838D28982" blockId="3.[151,1424,1926,1949]" box="[151,1424,1926,1949]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCC781A1AD6F8083C4A8983" bold="true" box="[151,264,1926,1949]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">FIGURES</emphasis>
1
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCC781A1B5BF8093C108982" bold="true" box="[282,338,1927,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">0–11.</emphasis>
Posterior abdominal segments of male holotype.
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCC781A1909F8093ECC8982" bold="true" box="[840,910,1927,1948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="395">12–13.</emphasis>
Posterior abdominal segments of female paratype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7F6656FFCB781D1AD6FC8E39468D08" box="[151,1028,768,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCB781D1AD6FC8E39468D08" blockId="4.[151,1028,768,790]" box="[151,1028,768,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCB781D1AD6FC8E3C5D8D0B" bold="true" box="[151,287,768,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Morphological features of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCB781D1875FC8E3FBE8D08" box="[564,764,768,790]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidalis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCB781D1875FC8E3FBE8D08" box="[564,764,768,790]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">Zebraodes lucidalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757B7FFCB781D1948FC8E3E008D0B" box="[777,834,768,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCB781D1948FC8E3E008D0B" bold="true" box="[777,834,768,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
14. Chaetosemata.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBF36DEFFCB781D1A86FCCD3FA48DD9" blockId="4.[151,1436,835,967]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">
The adults of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCB781D1B21FCCD3C948D42" box="[352,470,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCB781D1B21FCCD3C948D42" box="[352,470,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">Zebraodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also resemble some
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCB781D18FFFCCD3EA98D42" authority="(Phycodinae)" baseAuthorityName="Phycodinae" box="[702,1003,835,860]" class="Insecta" family="Brachodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Brachodidae (Phycodinae)</taxonomicName>
, and the moths were first thought to be brachodids until they were examined more closely. Most
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCB781D1963FCE83EC38D61" box="[802,897,870,895]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ceracini">Ceracini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCB781D19FBFCE839058D61" box="[954,1095,870,895]" class="Insecta" family="Brachodidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Brachodidae</taxonomicName>
are active diurnally (
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCB781D1F7BFCE93D908DBD" author="Heppner" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" refString="Heppner, J. B. (2004) Little bear moths (Lepidoptera: Brachodidae). In Capinera, J. L. (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Entomology. Fol. 2. Kluwer Acadedmic Publications, Dordrecht, pp. 1304 - 1307." type="journal article" year="2004">Heppner 2004</bibRefCitation>
, 2010;
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCB781D1B65FC023F548DBD" author="Heppner" box="[292,534,907,931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" refString="Heppner, J. B. &amp; Bae, Y. - S. (2010) Notes on Taiwan moths, 6. Cerace stipitana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae). Lepidoptera Novae, 3, 195 - 198." type="journal article" year="2010">Heppner &amp; Bae 2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B2FFFCB781D1863FC053FF68DBD" author="Kallies" box="[546,692,907,932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="396" refString="Kallies, A. (2004) The Brachodidae of the Oriental region and adjacent territories (Lepidoptera: Sesioidea). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 147, 1 - 20." type="journal article" year="2004">Kallies 2004</bibRefCitation>
), but it is not known if this is case in
<taxonomicName id="4C004D5DFFCB781D1E19FC05398C8DBA" box="[1112,1230,907,932]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Zebraodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="394" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B974EACCFFCB781D1E19FC05398C8DBA" box="[1112,1230,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="396">Zebraodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, as adult behavior was not recorded; all specimens were taken at lights.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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