195 lines
18 KiB
XML
195 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599867" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="43CDFF99C20B9AEFEADD609F75A90992" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Culicia australiensis Hoffmeister 1933" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1635513010010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-10-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1066</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>198</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1066-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599867" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:43CDFF99C20B9AEFEADD609F75A90992" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/43CDFF99C20B9AEFEADD609F75A90992" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Hoffmeister, 1933" authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1933" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia australiensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">Culicia sp. cf. australiensis Hoffmeister, 1933</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. A, B. Letepsammia formosissima (SAM _ H 1429, off Kidds Beach, 79 m) A calicular view B basal view C, D Letepsammia franki (SAMC _ A 090070, off Durban, 95 m) C calicular view D basal view E, F Rhombopsammia niphada (SAM _ H 1390, off Port Alfred, 90 m) E calicular view F basal view G, H Stephanophyllia fungulus (SAMC _ A 073106, Cape Vidal, 140 m) G calicular view H basal view I Madrepora oculata (SAM _ H 3038, off St Lucia, 825 m) full view J, L Culicia sp. cf. Culicia australiensis (SAMC _ A 073032, off Shaka's Rock, 50 m) J calicular view K full view L septa details M, N Culicia excavata. M (UCTES _ DBN 85 H, off Ispongo, depth unknown): full view N (BMNH 1840.09.30.19, Cape of Good Hope, depth unknown): Calicular view O, P Stenocyathus vermiformis (SAM _ H 3213, off Cintsa, 630 m) O calicular view P lateral view Scale bars: 10 mm (A-H, J-N); 100 mm (I); 2 mm (O, P)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604117" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 14J-L</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1933" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia australiensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">Culicia australiensis</taxonomicName>
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Hoffmeister, 1933: 12, pl. 3, figs 3, 4. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Wells, J" journalOrPublisher="Reports (Series B)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="257 - 275" refId="B304" refString="Wells, J, 1958. Scleractinian corals. B.A.N.Z.A.R.E. Reports (Series B) 6 (11): 257 - 275" title="Scleractinian corals. B. A. N. Z. A. R. E." volume="6" year="1958">Wells 1958</bibRefCitation>
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: 263, pl. 1, figs 3, 4
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<bibRefCitation author="Squires, D" journalOrPublisher="New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 7" refId="B261" refString="Squires, D, 1960. Additional rhizangiid corals from the Wanganui Series. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 3 (1): 1 - 7" title="Additional rhizangiid corals from the Wanganui Series." volume="3" year="1960">. -Squires 1960</bibRefCitation>
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: 200, fig. 8
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Monograph Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B52" refString="Cairns, S, Parker, S, 1992. Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series 3: 1 - 82" title="Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum." volume="3" year="1992">. -Cairns and Parker 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 12-13, figs 2A, D, G. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 371-372
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
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: 273.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Culicia</taxonomicName>
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sp. Veron, 1986: 600.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Off Marsden Point, South Australia, 31 m
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Syntypes are deposited at the AM
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">(Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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SAMC_A073032 (2 colonies): Eastern margin,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
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from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Shaka’s">Shaka's</normalizedToken>
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Rock/
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<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
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off Mhlali Estuary,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="06.00" value="-29.535">29°32'06.00"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="31" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="47.99" value="31.329998">31°19'47.99"E</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<specimenCount type="generic">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</quantity>
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.
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</specimenCount>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="imagery data">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Imagery data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Mortensen Stn. 23 (1 colony): Eastern margin, off Durban; 64 m. Mortensen Stn. 30 (1 colony): Eastern margin, off Durban; 94 m. SAM_H1236 (1 colony): Eastern margin,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Neil">O'Neil</normalizedToken>
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Peak; 101 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colony reptoid, composed of elongated individual corallites joined by stolons. Corallites cylindrical, with circular to elliptical calices (GCD:LCD = 1.0-1.1), and ≤ 6.8 mm in H. Calicular margin smooth. Epitheca smooth and thin.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Septa hexamerally arranged in four cycles according to the formula: S1-2> S3> S4 (48 septa). S1-2 equal in width and bearing variable axial margin: sometimes smooth and in other cases dentate, both types extend to columella. S3 equal to or 1/3 smaller than S1-2, and bear a dentate axial margin. S4 rudimentary, also having dentate axial margin. All septa non-exsert and closely packed. Fossa moderately deep containing a papillose columella composed of granulated rods.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, from off
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Neil">O'Neil</normalizedToken>
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Peak extending towards Durban; 50-101 m. Elsewhere: Australia
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoffmeister, J" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B130" refString="Hoffmeister, J, 1933. Report on the deep-sea corals obtained by F.I.S. Endeavour on the margins of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. Zoological and Biological Results of the Fishing Experiments carried out by F.I.S. "Endeavour" 1909-14 6(1): 1-16." title="Report on the deep-sea corals obtained by F. I. S. Endeavour on the margins of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. Zoological and Biological Results of the Fishing Experiments carried out by F. I. S. " Endeavour " 1909 - 14 6 (1): 1 - 16." year="1933">(Hoffmeister 1933</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Monograph Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B52" refString="Cairns, S, Parker, S, 1992. Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series 3: 1 - 82" title="Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum." volume="3" year="1992">; Cairns and Parker 1992</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="361 - 417" refId="B40" refString="Cairns, S, 1998. Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum 18: 361 - 417" title="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of western Australia." volume="18" year="1998">Cairns 1998</bibRefCitation>
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, 2004a); 3-378 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Three other taxa (
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<taxonomicName authority="tenella" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. tenella subsp. tenella" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="tenella" subSpecies="tenella">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tenella tenella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Dana, 1846,
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<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. tenella subsp. natalensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="subSpecies" species="tenella" subSpecies="natalensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. tenella natalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Duncan, 1876), and
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<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. excavata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="excavata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. excavata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1849)) are historically known to occur in the south-west Indian Ocean, all of which have three septal cycles, not four. Specimens examined most closely resemble
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<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. australiensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="australiensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. australiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in all characters (including a hexamerally arranged septa with four cycles), but differ in having a dentated, not smooth S1 axial margin. However,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1846" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Culicia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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requires revision and, therefore, the examined specimens are tentatively reported as
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<taxonomicName family="Rhizangiidae" genus="C." kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C." order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="genus">C.</taxonomicName>
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sp. cf.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Hoffmeister" authorityYear="1933" class="Anthozoa" family="Rhizangiidae" genus="Culicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Culicia australiensis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australiensis">Culicia australiensis</taxonomicName>
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until the time that the taxonomy of this genus is reviewed.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |