282 lines
40 KiB
XML
282 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document id="CCB2C5D907741FFF4BA1877CA89F9297" ID-DOI="10.1649/0010-065X(2005)059[0091:LDOESO]2.0.CO;2" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10104898" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630171519151" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Ratcliffe, Brett C. & Morón, Miguel-Angel" docDate="2005" docId="03ED726E8A153B0EF239FD4DBAAAFA1F" docLanguage="en" docName="0010-065X_2005_059_0091_LDOESO_2.0.CO_2.pdf.imf" docOrigin="The Coleopterists Bulletin 59 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x(2005)059[0091:ldoeso]2.0.co;2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8F272F586C426DAD54565EB2271A6C17.2:TheColeopBull.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="8F272F586C426DAD54565EB2271A6C17" docStyleName="TheColeopBull.2000-2002.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Megasoma punctulatus Cartwright" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="99" masterDocId="FFD40A168A103B06F37CFF9DB947FF9E" masterDocTitle="Larval Descriptions Of Eight Species Of Megasoma Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) With A Key For Identification And Notes On Biology" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="91" pageNumber="96" updateTime="1699631449810" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5A20582B79ABD0F24C51A678524787EC">Larval Descriptions Of Eight Species Of Megasoma Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) With A Key For Identification And Notes On Biology</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A2957B6F1D43645F545DB512EE835D01">Ratcliffe, Brett C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="205132B75D9A5B66377B737AB4A00606">Morón, Miguel-Angel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="8312454028BBC3A9510530C22D6807F2">The Coleopterists Bulletin</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0448887E790843FD7DA431F9394E97A1">
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<mods:date id="9F5D1C1E575A9DACF210608304325153">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B6EBF8E80C0E60733D2AAB9270EB0679">2005-03-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="33205BFCBB3B7EC27B0294649EDC3253">59</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="7E92F7F883481A2BFE39C20783E92CAD">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FEBDE190940D861BD81BDF747321E746" type="DOI">10.1649/0010-065X(2005)059[0091:LDOESO]2.0.CO;2</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03ED726E8A153B0EF239FD4DBAAAFA1F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ED726E8A153B0EF239FD4DBAAAFA1F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED726E8A153B0EF239FD4DBAAAFA1F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<subSubSection id="C35E90F38A153B03F239FD4DBB34FC9E" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A153B03F239FD4DBB34FC9E" blockId="5.[325,799,720,768]" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A153B03F239FD4DBA58FD7B" bold="true" box="[325,799,720,741]" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A153B03F239FD4DBBECFD7B" authority="Cartwright" authorityName="Cartwright" box="[325,683,720,741]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
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<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A153B03F239FD4DBB69FD7B" bold="true" box="[325,558,720,741]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Megasoma punctulatus</emphasis>
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Cartwright
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</taxonomicName>
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, 3rd instar
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F284FD76BB2BFC9E" box="[504,620,747,768]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStart-2="Fig" captionStartId-0="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionStartId-1="7.[169,199,1165,1184]" captionStartId-2="8.[197,228,919,938]" captionTargetBox-0="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetBox-1="[148,979,194,1144]" captionTargetBox-2="[178,1001,194,898]" captionTargetId-0="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetId-1="figure-205@7.[148,980,194,1144]" captionTargetId-2="figure-245@8.[178,1002,194,898]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionTargetPageId-2="8" captionText-0="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." captionText-1="Fig. 27. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar, lateral view. Bar ¼ 5 mm. Setal pattern simplified." captionText-2="Fig. 28. Megasoma punctulatus on mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz). Photo by Barney Streit." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104906" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104908" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10104906/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10104908/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Figs. 16–28</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C35E90F38A153B01F3D0FC8EB8ABFA4D" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A153B03F3D0FC8EBA4FFCC3" blockId="5.[148,977,787,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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Description based on two third instar larvae reared from eggs laid by female collected in
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<collectingCountry id="F35383E88A153B03F3D2FCB0B9B6FCDC" box="[174,241,813,834]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49800D9A8A153B03F381FCB0B80BFCDC" box="[253,332,813,834]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Arizona</collectingRegion>
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, Santa Cruz Co.
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<quantity id="4CBC6E9D8A153B03F28DFCB0BB68FCDC" box="[497,559,813,834]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0460736" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" unit="mi" value="6.5">6.5 mi</quantity>
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E Hwy 82 on Duquesne Rd.,
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<date id="FFFAE5B88A153B03F02BFCB0BA8AFCDC" box="[855,973,813,834]" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" value="1997-08-04">4-VIII-1997</date>
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, preserved last week of
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<date id="FFFAE5B88A153B03F20FFCD5B893FCC3" box="[371,468,840,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" value="1998-08">VIII-1998</date>
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, W.B. Warner (UNSM, IEXA).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A153B01F3D5FCECBA4DFF0D" blockId="5.[148,978,881,1570]" lastBlockId="7.[347,778,128,147]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">
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<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A153B03F3D5FCECB850FC1A" bold="true" box="[169,279,881,900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Description.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A153B03F25EFCEFB811FC1B" box="[290,342,882,901]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Head.</emphasis>
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Maximum width of head capsule
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<quantity id="4CBC6E9D8A153B03F1F0FCEFBB94FC1B" box="[652,723,882,901]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="7.6">7.6 mm</quantity>
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. Surface of cranium densely punctate, dark brown. Frons (
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F2F0FC14B88EFC02" box="[396,457,905,924]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
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) on each side with 6–7 posterior frontal setae, anterior frontal setae absent, 7–8 exterior frontal setae, and 3–5 anterior angle frontal setae; remaining cranial surface with 2–3 dorsoepicranial setae, 40–46 epicranial setae, and 6–7 paraocellar setae on each side. Clypeus with 3 lateral setae on each side. Labrum slightly asymmetrical, ovate, with 4–5 posterior setae,2 central setae, and 2–3 lateral setae.Ocelli not evident.Epipharynx (
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F185FC74BA73FC62" box="[761,820,1001,1020]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Fig.17</figureCitation>
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) with fused zygum and epizygum forming oblique, raised, subconical, well-sclerotized tubercle on haptomerum; heli and plegmatia absent; right chaetoparia with 46–48 spine-like setae and 18–20 sensillae toward gymnoparia; left chaetoparia with 80–88 spine-like setae and 8–10 sensillae; acroparia with 10–11 straight, long, thick setae toward right side and 12–15 straight, long, thick setae toward left side; right acanthoparia with 8 short, curved, spine-like setae; left acanthoparia with 9 short, curved, spine-like setae; pedium wide, epitorma vague; dexiotorma long, narrowed toward left nesium, with rounded inner side;laeotorma narrowed,diffuse,with wide,rounded pternotorma;dexiophoba sparse,formed by 7–8 setae; laeophoba sparse with 7–10 setae between haptolachus and inner side of laeotorma; sclerotized plate or right nesium large, subtriangular; sense cone on left nesium represented by large, wide,longitudinal, well-sclerotized plate;crepis partially defined at right side and vaguely marked on left side. Scissorial area of right mandible (
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F17CFB6DBB21FA9D" box="[512,614,1264,1283]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Figs. 18, 20</figureCitation>
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) slightly abraded, with 3 large, wide teeth, well-separated by notches,and 1 basal, small tooth; molar area with 3 lobes, brustia sparse.Scissorial area of left mandible (
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F236FABDB8EAFAAD" box="[330,429,1312,1331]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Figs. 19, 21</figureCitation>
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) not abraded, with 2 well-marked, large teeth and 1 subtriangular, pre-incisor tooth; molar area with 2 wide lobes, sparse brustia and long, acute acia. Stridulatory area of each mandible well-marked by 23–25 fine striae. Mala (
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F102FACDBBFCFAFD" box="[638,699,1360,1379]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
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) with apical uncus of galea welldeveloped,and 3 conical unci fused at their bases at apex of lacinia; maxillary stridulatory area with 7 small, subtrapezoidal, rounded teeth and wide, truncate anterior process. Labium with numerous long, strong setae located near sides and short, spine-like setae at middle; hypopharynx with right anterior lateral process of hypopharyngeal sclerome strongly developed, raised and curved, heavily sclerotized; left hypopharyngeal lateral lobe with patch of 20–22 posterior lateral short setae and a line of minute, thin setae (
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F2FAFA42B881FA6C" box="[390,454,1503,1522]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
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). Last antennal segment on dorsal surface (
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F046FA42BA3FFA6C" box="[826,888,1503,1522]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
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) with 5–6 sensory spots; ventral surface with 5–6 spots (
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<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A153B03F177FA6ABB0FF994" box="[523,584,1527,1546]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Fig.24</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A153B03F129FA6ABBD5F994" box="[597,658,1527,1546]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="96">Thorax</emphasis>
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. Pronotum with wide, irregular,nearly pentagonal, reddish brown, lateral scleromes and many long, slender setae not arranged in rows. Meso- and metanotum each with many long, slender setae not arranged in rows. Thoracic spiracles
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<quantity id="4CBC6E9D8A163B00F3D3FA36B9BDFA20" box="[175,250,1451,1470]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8999999999999995" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" unit="mm" value="0.69">0.69 mm</quantity>
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long and
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wide; lobes of respiratory plate nearly contiguous, directed posteriorly. Spiracular bulla rounded, convex, scarcely prominent.Tarsal claws (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A163B00F19AFA5FBA65FA4B" box="[742,802,1474,1493]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
) similar on all legs, with acute apex, each bearing 2 internal, long, thick, basal setae and 2 external, long,thick,preapical setae.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F3D3FA6FB9B8F99B" box="[175,255,1522,1541]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsum of segment I with many long, slender setae not arranged in rows. Dorsa of segments II–VII (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A163B00F23DF997B83AF983" box="[321,381,1546,1565]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[169,199,1165,1184]" captionTargetBox="[148,979,194,1144]" captionTargetId="figure-205@7.[148,980,194,1144]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 27. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar, lateral view. Bar ¼ 5 mm. Setal pattern simplified." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104906/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
) each with mixture of long and short, spine-like setae, not arranged in rows, 98 THE COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN 59(1), 2005
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF3B93F08A163B00F3B9FB73BA4DFAFF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" startId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" targetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A163B00F3B9FB73BA4DFAFF" blockId="6.[175,1005,1262,1378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F3B9FB73B874FA9F" bold="true" box="[197,307,1262,1281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Figs. 16–26.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A163B00F234FB72BB48FA9C" box="[328,527,1263,1282]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="97" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F234FB72BB48FA9C" box="[328,527,1263,1282]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">Megasoma punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, third instar.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F1F7FB73BBE0FA9F" bold="true" box="[651,679,1262,1281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">16)</emphasis>
|
||
Head, frontal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F01FFB73BA38FA9F" bold="true" box="[867,895,1262,1281]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">17)</emphasis>
|
||
epipharynx;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F3D3FA9BB9ABFA87" bold="true" box="[175,236,1286,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">18–19)</emphasis>
|
||
mandibles, ventral view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F2B8FA9BB8A7FA87" bold="true" box="[452,480,1286,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">18)</emphasis>
|
||
right and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F14AFA9BBB15FA87" bold="true" box="[566,594,1286,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">19)</emphasis>
|
||
left;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F102FA9BBBFDFA87" bold="true" box="[638,698,1286,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">20–21)</emphasis>
|
||
mandibles, dorsal view,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F0F0FA9BBAEFFA87" bold="true" box="[908,936,1286,1305]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">20)</emphasis>
|
||
left and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F3D3FA83B98CFAAF" bold="true" box="[175,203,1310,1329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">21)</emphasis>
|
||
right;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F271FA83B86EFAAF" bold="true" box="[269,297,1310,1329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">22)</emphasis>
|
||
left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F1C1FA83BBBDFAAF" bold="true" box="[701,762,1310,1329]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">23–24)</emphasis>
|
||
distal segment of antenna,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F3D3FAABB98BFAD7" bold="true" box="[175,204,1334,1353]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">23)</emphasis>
|
||
dorsal view and
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F227FAABB83FFAD7" bold="true" box="[347,376,1334,1353]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">24)</emphasis>
|
||
ventral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F28CFAABBB4BFAD7" bold="true" box="[496,524,1334,1353]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">25)</emphasis>
|
||
left posterior tarsal claw, external view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F01FFAABBAC7FAD7" bold="true" box="[867,896,1334,1353]" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">26)</emphasis>
|
||
second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F292FAD0B8B9FAFC" bold="true" box="[494,510,1357,1378]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">¼</emphasis>
|
||
1 mm. Fig. 26, bar
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A163B00F1D0FAD0BBFBFAFC" bold="true" box="[684,700,1357,1378]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="97">¼</emphasis>
|
||
0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF3B93F08A173B01F3D5FB10BA8CFB3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104906" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10104906" box="[169,971,1164,1185]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104906/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" startId="7.[169,199,1165,1184]" targetBox="[148,979,194,1144]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A173B01F3D5FB10BA8CFB3E" blockId="7.[169,971,1164,1185]" box="[169,971,1164,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A173B01F3D5FB10B9ADFB3E" bold="true" box="[169,234,1165,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">Fig. 27.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A173B01F383FB10B8F8FB3E" box="[255,447,1165,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A173B01F383FB10B8F8FB3E" box="[255,447,1165,1184]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">Megasoma punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, third instar, lateral view. Bar
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A173B01F1C4FB11BB8FFB3F" bold="true" box="[696,712,1164,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">¼</emphasis>
|
||
5 mm. Setal pattern simplified.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A173B01F3E8FB21B8ABFA4D" blockId="7.[148,978,1212,1571]" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">
|
||
with short setae predominant on anterior half of each annulet and long ones predominant on posterior half of each annulet.Dorsa of segments VIII–IX with scattered, spine-like setae and long setae mainly near sides and posterior border. Dorsum of segment X with numerous, short, spine-like setae on anterior 2/3 and long setae on posterior third. Venter of abdominal segments I–IX each with median transverse tuft of long setae. Raster without pallidia and septula, with 28–30 long, slender setae on campus, teges formed by 42–46 slender setae; cuticle slightly rugose. Lower anal lip with 44–48 short,spine-like setae and 32–35 medium size, erect setae.Upper anal lip with 46–54 short,spine-like setae and50–56 long, slender setae, mainly near sides.Spiracles of segments I–V progressively larger (
|
||
<quantity id="4CBC6E9D8A173B01F3E5FAE4B850FA12" box="[153,279,1401,1420]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="0.7" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.6">0.60–0.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
long); spiracles of segments V–VIII progressively smaller (0.80–
|
||
<quantity id="4CBC6E9D8A173B01F030FAE4BADFFA12" box="[844,920,1401,1420]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="0.61">0.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
long); lobes of respiratory plate contiguous (
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A173B01F2AEFA0CBB56FA3A" box="[466,529,1425,1444]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[197,236,1262,1281]" captionTargetBox="[175,1007,197,1241]" captionTargetId="figure-97@6.[175,1007,194,1241]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 16–26. Megasoma punctulatus, third instar. 16) Head, frontal view; 17) epipharynx; 18–19) mandibles, ventral view, 18) right and 19) left; 20–21) mandibles, dorsal view, 20) left and 21) right; 22) left maxilla and hypopharynx, dorsal view; 23–24) distal segment of antenna, 23) dorsal view and 24) ventral view; 25) left posterior tarsal claw, external view; 26) second right abdominal spiracle. Figs. 16–22, bar ¼ 1 mm. Fig. 26, bar ¼ 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104904/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
), directed forward. Spiracular bulla convex, rounded, scarcely prominent; respiratory plate with 37–42 irregularly shaped holes across any diameter. Approximate dorsal body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CBC6E9D8A173B01F2D6FA5DB8A0FA4D" box="[426,487,1472,1491]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" unit="mm" value="64.0">64 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35E90F38A173B0EF3D0FA44BA45FB33" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A173B0EF3D0FA44BA45FB33" blockId="7.[148,978,1212,1571]" lastBlockId="8.[175,1005,990,1409]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="99" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A173B01F3D0FA44B849FA70" bold="true" box="[172,270,1497,1518]" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Shared characters of the larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A173B01F112FA44BBB8FA70" box="[622,767,1497,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A173B01F112FA44BBB8FA70" box="[622,767,1497,1518]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">M. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A173B01F04EFA44BAE2FA70" box="[818,933,1497,1518]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thersites">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A173B01F04EFA44BAE2FA70" box="[818,933,1497,1518]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="98">M. thersites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are: absence of anterior frontal setae, 2–3 dorsoepicranial setae, 40–46 epicranial setae, 45–50 setae on right chaetoparia, 7 maxillary stridulatory teeth, spine-like setae on abdominal segment II, and bulla rounded, scarcely prominent. Similarities with the larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF270FC64B81BFB90" authorityName="Cartwright" authorityYear="1963" box="[268,348,1017,1038]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vogti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF270FC64B81BFB90" box="[268,348,1017,1038]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">M. vogti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
consists of: 5–7 posterior frontal setae, 3–5 anterior angular frontal setae, 7 maxillary stridulatory teeth, 5–6 dorsal sensory spots on last antennal segment, 5–9 setae on acanthoparia, lobes of respiratory plates of spiracles contiguous, spine-like setae on abdominal segment II, and bulla rounded, scarcely prominent. The abundance of setae on the clypeus, labrum, and campus, absence of spine-like setae on the first abdominal segment, and an increase in the size of the abdominal spiracles toward segment V, serves to distinguish the larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF110FB05BBBBFB33" box="[620,764,1176,1197]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF110FB05BBBBFB33" box="[620,764,1176,1197]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">M. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF3B93F08A183B0EF3B9FC0AB9A4FC5C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104908" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10104908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104908/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" startId="8.[197,228,919,938]" targetBox="[178,1001,194,898]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A183B0EF3B9FC0ABAAAFC34" blockId="8.[175,1005,919,962]" box="[197,1005,919,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF3B9FC0AB84DFC34" bold="true" box="[197,266,919,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Fig. 28.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF263FC0AB8A1FC34" box="[287,486,919,938]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF263FC0AB8A1FC34" box="[287,486,919,938]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Megasoma punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on mesquite,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF119FC0ABA09FC34" authority="(Swartz)" baseAuthorityName="Swartz" box="[613,846,919,938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Prosopis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="juliflora">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF119FC0ABBBBFC34" box="[613,764,919,938]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Prosopis juliflora</emphasis>
|
||
(Swartz)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Photo by Barney
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A183B0EF3D3FC32B9A4FC5C" blockId="8.[175,1005,919,962]" box="[175,227,943,962]" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Streit.</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C35E90F38A183B0EF3BBFB2FBAAAFA1F" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BFBC3788A183B0EF3BBFB2FBAAAFA1F" blockId="8.[175,1005,990,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF3BBFB2FB885FB59" bold="true" box="[199,450,1202,1223]" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Distribution and Habits.</emphasis>
|
||
Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF151FB2EBBFBFB56" box="[557,700,1203,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Dynastidae" genus="Megasoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctulatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF151FB2EBBFBFB56" box="[557,700,1203,1224]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">M. punctulatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="137FDFFD8A183B0EF1B4FB2EBA4AFB56" box="[712,781,1203,1224]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[197,228,919,938]" captionTargetBox="[178,1001,194,898]" captionTargetId="figure-245@8.[178,1002,194,898]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 28. Megasoma punctulatus on mesquite, Prosopis juliflora (Swartz). Photo by Barney Streit." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10104908" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10104908/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
) have been collected in a limited number of localities of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49800D9A8A183B0EF296FB50BB71FB7C" box="[490,566,1229,1250]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
desert having a shrub cover of mesquite with occasional
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF267FB75B8D7FB63" box="[283,400,1256,1277]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF267FB75B82CFB63" box="[283,363,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF2E0FB75BB48FB63" box="[412,527,1256,1277]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF2E0FB75B899FB63" box="[412,478,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Acacia</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF166FB75BBCCFB63" box="[538,651,1256,1277]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Mimosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF166FB75BB21FB63" box="[538,614,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Mimosa</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sycamore, hackberry,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF017FB75BAAFFB63" box="[875,1000,1256,1277]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Condalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF017FB75BA83FB63" box="[875,964,1256,1277]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Condalia</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF3D3FA9FB85CFA89" box="[175,283,1282,1303]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF3D3FA9FB9B2FA89" box="[175,245,1282,1303]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Lycium</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF25BFA9FB825FA89" box="[295,354,1282,1303]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Agave" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF25BFA9FB825FA89" box="[295,354,1282,1303]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Agave</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF2E9FA9FBB68FA89" box="[405,559,1282,1303]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cactaceae" genus="Opuntia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF2E9FA9FB8A4FA89" box="[405,483,1282,1303]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Opuntia</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Santa Rita Range Reserve (Pima Co.), Patagonia, Rio Rico, and Duquesne (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49800D9A8A183B0EF15DFA80BBC8FAAC" box="[545,655,1309,1330]" country="Bolivia" name="Santa Cruz" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Santa Cruz</collectingRegion>
|
||
Co.), and the Baboquivari Mts. of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49800D9A8A183B0EF3D3FAAAB9B9FAD2" box="[175,254,1335,1356]" country="United States of America" name="Arizona" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Arizona</collectingRegion>
|
||
, between
|
||
<quantity id="4CBC6E9D8A183B0EF21DFAAAB8B4FAD2" box="[353,499,1335,1356]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" unit="m" value="1325.0" valueMax="1350.0" valueMin="1300.0">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE70A5BF8A183B0EF21DFAAAB8D1FAD2" box="[353,406,1335,1356]" degrees="1,300" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" precision="55" value="1.3">1,300</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE70A5BF8A183B0EF2EAFAAAB89FFAD2" box="[406,472,1335,1356]" degrees="1,350" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" precision="55" value="-1.35">–1,350</geoCoordinate>
|
||
m
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
elevation. Males and females are attracted to lights but are also found on the trunks or branches of ‘‘catclaw’’ (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF078FACFBAAEFAF9" authority="A. Gray" authorityName="A. Gray" box="[772,1001,1362,1383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="greggi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9301F6A8A183B0EF078FACFBACAFAF9" box="[772,909,1362,1383]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="99">Acacia greggi</emphasis>
|
||
A. Gray
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C44B8FB8A183B0EF3D3FAF1B86CFA1F" authorityName="R.Brown" authorityYear="1814" box="[175,299,1388,1409]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Mimosaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Mimosaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Adults are active during July and August (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5BE898A183B0EF1BAFAF1BA21FA1F" author="Cartwright" box="[710,870,1388,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" pagination="36 - 38" refId="ref19480" refString="Cartwright, O. L. 1952. A new Megasoma from Arizona (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 54: 36 - 38." type="journal article" year="1952">Cartwright 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFD5BE898A183B0EF012FAF1BAA5FA1F" author="Hardy" box="[878,994,1388,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="99" pagination="765 - 777" refId="ref19705" refString="Hardy, A. R. 1972. A brief revision of the North and Central American species of Megasoma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Canadian Entomologist 104: 765 - 777." type="journal article" year="1972">Hardy 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |