treatments-xml/data/F9/1D/7D/F91D7D2EFF8AFFD71427FAF28A029460.xml

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<mods:title id="4B8741EC1B910A77676336657E02768B">Redescription of Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956 (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae) and designation of lectotypes</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8AFFD31427FAF28CB3955E" authority="(Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[264,702,1313,1337]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8AFFD31427FAF28C1B955F" box="[264,534,1314,1337]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Bursaphelenchus talonus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8AFFD3170CFAF18CBB955E" author="Thorne, G." box="[547,694,1313,1336]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne, 1935</bibRefCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8AFFD317EBFAF18DD1955E" blockId="1.[264,1083,1313,1401]" box="[708,988,1313,1336]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8AFFD317EBFAF18D5B955E" authority="(Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[708,854,1313,1336]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8AFFD317EBFAF18D5B955E" author="Massey, C. L." box="[708,854,1313,1336]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="14 - 24" refId="ref2713" refString="Massey, C. L. (1956) Nematode parasites and associates of the Engelmann spruce beetle (Dendroctonus engelmanni Hopk.). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 23, 14 - 24." type="journal article" year="1956">Massey, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="E98FD0BDFF8AFFD3164AFAF18DDF955E" box="[869,978,1313,1336]" captionStart="FIGURES 1­14" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[296,1290,318,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-87@3.[288,1303,305,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1­14. Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956. 1, full view of male; 2, full view of female; 3, head and neck of male; 4, male tail; 5, male tail showing bursa; 6, lateral field; 7, variation in female tails; 8, vulval region; 9, head and neck; 10, female tail; 11, male tail; 12, spicules; 13, stylet; 14, variation in spicule shape. Note: 9­12 are redrawn from Thorne, 1935." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5014712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5014712/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figs. 1­14</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8AFFD31427FA918CC3953E" blockId="1.[264,1083,1313,1401]" box="[264,718,1345,1369]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
syn. 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8AFFD31414FA928CC3953E" authority="Thorne, 1935" authorityName="Thorne" authorityYear="1935" box="[315,718,1345,1369]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchoididae" genus="Aphelenchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8AFFD31414FA928C34953F" box="[315,569,1346,1369]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Aphelenchoides talonus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8AFFD31710FA918CC3953E" author="Thorne, G." box="[575,718,1345,1368]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne, 1935</bibRefCitation>
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syn. 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8AFFD31414FAB28A36951E" authority="(Thorne, 1935) Ruhm, 1956" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[315,1083,1377,1401]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchoididae" genus="Aphelenchoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus" subGenus="Bursaphelenchus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8AFFD31414FAB28D05951F" box="[315,776,1378,1401]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Aphelenchoides (Bursaphelenchus) talonus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8AFFD31639FAB18DA4951E" author="Thorne, G." box="[790,937,1377,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne, 1935</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8AFFD31698FAB18A36951E" author="Ruhm, W." box="[951,1083,1377,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 437" refId="ref2799" refString="Ruhm, W. (1956) Die Nematoden der Ipiden. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe, 6, 1 - 437." type="journal article" year="1956">Rühm, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="39AE9FB3FF8AFFD61427FA798D8B9228" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8AFFD01427FA798F7C9138" blockId="1.[264,1323,1449,1875]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1322,284,350]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8AFFD31427FA798F5D95A4" box="[264,336,1449,1474]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Males</emphasis>
: (Measurements are listed in 
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). Body strongly ventrally curved in majority of specimens. Cuticle with fine transverse striae, lateral field with three incisures at midbody. Head offset, lips rounded. Stylet 
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long, basal knobs absent. Procorpus 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8AFFD31427F9F18F9B965D" box="[264,406,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="47.5" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="43.0">43 to 52 µm</quantity>
long; metacorpus 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8AFFD31741F9F18CF6965D" box="[622,763,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="14.0">14 to 20 µm</quantity>
long by 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8AFFD3164EF9F18DE2965D" box="[865,1007,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10 to 12 µm</quantity>
wide with centrally placed valves. Excretory pore not observed. Nerve ring 
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from anterior end. Testis outstretched or reflexed in 22% of specimens examined; flexure 
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long. Spermatogonia­spermatocytes arranged in two rows. Tail arcuate, without mucro; terminus talon­like. Round­ovoid bursa enveloping tail (
<figureCitation id="E98FD0BDFF8AFFD3167FF9118D9196BD" box="[848,924,1729,1755]" captionStart="FIGURES 1­14" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[296,1290,318,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-87@3.[288,1303,305,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1­14. Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956. 1, full view of male; 2, full view of female; 3, head and neck of male; 4, male tail; 5, male tail showing bursa; 6, lateral field; 7, variation in female tails; 8, vulval region; 9, head and neck; 10, female tail; 11, male tail; 12, spicules; 13, stylet; 14, variation in spicule shape. Note: 9­12 are redrawn from Thorne, 1935." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5014712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5014712/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Gubernaculum absent. Three pairs of papillae present: first pair pre­cloacal, second and third pairs post­cloacal. Second pair 
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from cloaca, third pair 
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from cloaca. Spicules mitten­shaped, 
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long; shape variable (
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). Rostrum pointed, condylus rounded; distance from tip of condylus to tip of rostrum about 
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. Distal tips of spicules pointed, without cucullus.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="43C0102AFF89FFD01427FE6D8F7691B3" bold="true" box="[264,379,445,469]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphometrics of 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF89FFD0177FFE6E8A9391B3" authority="(Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[592,1182,446,469]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF89FFD0177FFE6E8D5091B3" box="[592,861,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Bursaphelenchus talonus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF89FFD01644FE6E8DF091B3" author="Thorne, G." box="[875,1021,446,469]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne, 1935</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF89FFD01123FE6E8A9391B3" author="Massey, C. L." box="[1036,1182,446,469]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="14 - 24" refId="ref2713" refString="Massey, C. L. (1956) Nematode parasites and associates of the Engelmann spruce beetle (Dendroctonus engelmanni Hopk.). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 23, 14 - 24." type="journal article" year="1956">Massey, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF89FFD0141DFE2C8AD39764" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FE2C8FBD9257" box="[271,432,508,561]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Character</th>
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FE2C8C589257" box="[461,597,508,561]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Hololectotype male</th>
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFE2C8D0F9257" box="[640,770,508,561]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paralectotype males (n=8)</th>
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FE2C8DB99257" box="[814,948,508,561]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Paralectotype females (n=3)</th>
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FE2C8A6A9257" box="[988,1127,508,561]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF89FFD016F3FE2C8A6A9277" author="Thorne, G." box="[988,1127,508,529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne (1935)</bibRefCitation>
males (n=?)
</th>
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<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF89FFD011A2FE2C8B159277" author="Thorne, G." box="[1165,1304,508,529]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne (1935)</bibRefCitation>
females (n=?)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FD968B15921D" box="[271,1304,582,635]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FD968FBD921D" box="[271,432,582,635]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Body length (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FD968C58921D" box="[461,597,582,635]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">694</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFD968D0F921D" box="[640,770,582,635]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">758 (654­946)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FD968DB9921D" box="[814,948,582,635]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">791 (760­836)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FD968A6A921D" box="[988,1127,582,635]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">800</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FD968B15921D" box="[1165,1304,582,635]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">800</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FD408B1592A3" box="[271,1304,656,709]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FD408FBD92A3" box="[271,432,656,709]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Greatest width (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FD408C5892A3" box="[461,597,656,709]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">18</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFD408D0F92A3" box="[640,770,656,709]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">17.3 (16­18)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FD408DB992A3" box="[814,948,656,709]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">21.3 (20­22)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FD408A6A92A3" box="[988,1127,656,709]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.8</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FD408B1592A3" box="[1165,1304,656,709]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">24</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FD0B8B159376" box="[271,1304,731,784]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FD0B8FBD9376" box="[271,432,731,784]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">ABW (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FD0B8C589376" box="[461,597,731,784]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFD0B8D0F9376" box="[640,770,731,784]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.3 (14­18)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FD0B8DB99376" box="[814,948,731,784]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">12 (12­12)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FD0B8A6A9376" box="[988,1127,731,784]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FD0B8B159376" box="[1165,1304,731,784]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">12</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FCF48B15933C" box="[271,1304,804,858]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FCF48FBD933C" box="[271,432,804,858]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Stylet (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FCF48C58933C" box="[461,597,804,858]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">11</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFCF48D0F933C" box="[640,770,804,858]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">11.8 (11­14)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FCF48DB9933C" box="[814,948,804,858]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">11.3 (11­12)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FCF48A6A933C" box="[988,1127,804,858]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a11.2</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FCF48B15933C" box="[1165,1304,804,858]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a11.2</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FCBF8B1593C3" box="[271,1304,879,933]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FCBF8FBD93C3" box="[271,432,879,933]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Spicules (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FCBF8C5893C3" box="[461,597,879,933]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">14</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFCBF8D0F93C3" box="[640,770,879,933]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">15.1 (15­16)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FCBF8DB993C3" box="[814,948,879,933]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">­</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FCBF8A6A93C3" box="[988,1127,879,933]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a16.5</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FCBF8B1593C3" box="[1165,1304,879,933]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">­</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FC698B159389" box="[271,1304,953,1007]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FC698FBD9389" box="[271,432,953,1007]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Tail (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FC698C589389" box="[461,597,953,1007]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">28</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFC698D0F9389" box="[640,770,953,1007]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">28.1 (26­32)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FC698DB99389" box="[814,948,953,1007]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">31.3 (30­32)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FC698A6A9389" box="[988,1127,953,1007]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a31.6</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FC698B159389" box="[1165,1304,953,1007]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">32</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FBD58B15945F" box="[271,1304,1029,1081]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FBD58FBD945F" box="[271,432,1029,1081]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Postuterine sac (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FBD58C58945F" box="[461,597,1029,1081]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">­</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFBD58D0F945F" box="[640,770,1029,1081]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">­</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FBD58DB9945F" box="[814,948,1029,1081]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">114 (102­124)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FBD58A6A945F" box="[988,1127,1029,1081]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">­</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FBD58B15945F" box="[1165,1304,1029,1081]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">96</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FB9E8B1594E2" box="[271,1304,1102,1156]" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FB9E8FBD94E2" box="[271,432,1102,1156]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Median bulb length (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FB9E8C5894E2" box="[461,597,1102,1156]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">14</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFB9E8D0F94E2" box="[640,770,1102,1156]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.3 (14­20)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FB9E8DB994E2" box="[814,948,1102,1156]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">16.6 (16­18)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FB9E8A6A94E2" box="[988,1127,1102,1156]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a19.5</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FB9E8B1594E2" box="[1165,1304,1102,1156]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a19.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FB488B1594A8" box="[271,1304,1176,1230]" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FB488FBD94A8" box="[271,432,1176,1230]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Median bulb width (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FB488C5894A8" box="[461,597,1176,1230]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">10</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFB488D0F94A8" box="[640,770,1176,1230]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">11.3 (10­12)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FB488DB994A8" box="[814,948,1176,1230]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">12 (12­12)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FB488A6A94A8" box="[988,1127,1176,1230]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a13.5</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FB488B1594A8" box="[1165,1304,1176,1230]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a13.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FB338B15957F" box="[271,1304,1251,1305]" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FB338FBD957F" box="[271,432,1251,1305]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Procorpus length (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FB338C58957F" box="[461,597,1251,1305]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">45</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFB338D0F957F" box="[640,770,1251,1305]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">48.2 (43­52)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FB338DB9957F" box="[814,948,1251,1305]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">48.7 (47­52)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FB338A6A957F" box="[988,1127,1251,1305]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a46.6</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FB338B15957F" box="[1165,1304,1251,1305]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a46.6</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FAFE8B159505" box="[271,1304,1326,1379]" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FAFE8FBD9505" box="[271,432,1326,1379]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Anterior end to nerve ring (µm)</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FAFE8C589505" box="[461,597,1326,1379]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">86</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFAFE8D0F9505" box="[640,770,1326,1379]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">87 (80­94)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FAFE8DB99505" box="[814,948,1326,1379]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">96.7 (94­102)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FAFE8A6A9505" box="[988,1127,1326,1379]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">72</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FAFE8B159505" box="[1165,1304,1326,1379]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">80</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FAA88B1595CB" box="[271,1304,1400,1453]" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FAA88FBD95CB" box="[271,432,1400,1453]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FAA88C5895CB" box="[461,597,1400,1453]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">38.6</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFAA88D0F95CB" box="[640,770,1400,1453]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">43.9 (37.1­52.6)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FAA88DB995CB" box="[814,948,1400,1453]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">37.1 (34.5­38.8)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FAA88A6A95CB" box="[988,1127,1400,1453]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">47.6</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FAA88B1595CB" box="[1165,1304,1400,1453]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">33.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420FA138B15959E" box="[271,1304,1475,1528]" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420FA138FBD959E" box="[271,432,1475,1528]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">b</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2FA138C58959E" box="[461,597,1475,1528]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">8.1</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFFA138D0F959E" box="[640,770,1475,1528]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">8.8 (7.8­11.3)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601FA138DB9959E" box="[814,948,1475,1528]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">8.2 (7.6­8.9)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3FA138A6A959E" box="[988,1127,1475,1528]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">10</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2FA138B15959E" box="[1165,1304,1475,1528]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">8.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420F9DD8B159624" box="[271,1304,1549,1602]" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420F9DD8FBD9624" box="[271,432,1549,1602]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">b’</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2F9DD8C589624" box="[461,597,1549,1602]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">5</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFF9DD8D0F9624" box="[640,770,1549,1602]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">4.9 (4.5­5.7)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601F9DD8DB99624" box="[814,948,1549,1602]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">5.3 (4.5­6.2)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3F9DD8A6A9624" box="[988,1127,1549,1602]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">?</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2F9DD8B159624" box="[1165,1304,1549,1602]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">?</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420F9888B1596EA" box="[271,1304,1624,1676]" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420F9888FBD96EA" box="[271,432,1624,1676]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">c</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2F9888C5896EA" box="[461,597,1624,1676]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">24.8</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFF9888D0F96EA" box="[640,770,1624,1676]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">27 (21.8­29.8)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601F9888DB996EA" box="[814,948,1624,1676]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">25.3 (23.8­26.1)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3F9888A6A96EA" box="[988,1127,1624,1676]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">25.3</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2F9888B1596EA" box="[1165,1304,1624,1676]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420F9728B1596B1" box="[271,1304,1698,1751]" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420F9728FBD96B1" box="[271,432,1698,1751]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">c’</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2F9728C5896B1" box="[461,597,1698,1751]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.8</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFF9728D0F96B1" box="[640,770,1698,1751]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">1.8 (1.6­2.1)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601F9728DB996B1" box="[814,948,1698,1751]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2.6 (2.5­2.7)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3F9728A6A96B1" box="[988,1127,1698,1751]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2F9728B1596B1" box="[1165,1304,1698,1751]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="CF84CE7AFF89002D1420F93D8B159747" box="[271,1304,1773,1825]" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<th id="8C55A706FF89002D1420F93D8FBD9747" box="[271,432,1773,1825]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">V or T</th>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D14E2F93D8C589747" box="[461,597,1773,1825]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">69.2</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D17AFF93D8D0F9747" box="[640,770,1773,1825]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">65.5 (51­72)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D1601F93D8DB99747" box="[814,948,1773,1825]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">72 (72­77)</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D16F3F93D8A6A9747" box="[988,1127,1773,1825]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">75</td>
<td id="8C55A706FF89002D11A2F93D8B159747" box="[1165,1304,1773,1825]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">73</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF89FFD01421F8E68FE29737" blockId="2.[270,495,1846,1873]" box="[270,495,1846,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<tableNote id="8C52CDB6FF89FFD01421F8E68FE29737" box="[270,495,1846,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" targetBox="[271,1304,508,1825]" targetPageId="2">
<superScript id="86C16170FF89FFD01421F8E68F1A9721" attach="right" box="[270,279,1846,1863]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">a</superScript>
Measured from figure.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<caption id="25CB9CB0FF88FFD11427F93E8B129708" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5014712" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5014712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5014712/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[264,382,1774,1798]" targetBox="[296,1290,318,1760]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF88FFD11427F93E8B129708" blockId="3.[264,1324,1774,1902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF88FFD11427F93E8FBB9760" bold="true" box="[264,438,1774,1798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">FIGURES 1­14</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF88FFD114E4F93F8A139760" authority="(Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[459,1054,1775,1798]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF88FFD114E4F93F8CD59760" box="[459,728,1775,1798]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Bursaphelenchus talonus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF88FFD117C9F93F8D749760" author="Thorne, G." box="[742,889,1775,1798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne, 1935</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF88FFD116A7F93F8A139760" author="Massey, C. L." box="[904,1054,1775,1798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="14 - 24" refId="ref2713" refString="Massey, C. L. (1956) Nematode parasites and associates of the Engelmann spruce beetle (Dendroctonus engelmanni Hopk.). Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington, 23, 14 - 24." type="journal article" year="1956">Massey, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. 1, full view of male; 2, full view of female; 3, head and neck of male; 4, male tail; 5, male tail showing bursa; 6, lateral field; 7, variation in female tails; 8, vulval region; 9, head and neck; 10, female tail; 11, male tail; 12, spicules; 13, stylet; 14, variation in spicule shape. Note: 9­12 are redrawn from 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF88FFD111A7F8878B179708" author="Thorne, G." box="[1160,1306,1879,1902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne, 1935</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8FFFD61417FECC8D8B9228" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61417FECC8F969153" box="[312,411,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Females</emphasis>
: (Measurements are listed in 
<tableCitation id="3C36F983FF8FFFD617D3FECC8D5F9150" box="[764,850,284,310]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[264,352,445,469]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometrics of Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/25CB9CB0FF89FFD01427FE6D8AA891B0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableUuid="25CB9CB0FF89FFD01427FE6D8AA891B0">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Cuticle, head, and lips, same as male. Body slightly ventrally curved posteriorly. Procorpus 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8FFFD616A9FE948A189138" box="[902,1045,324,350]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="49.5" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="47.0">47 to 52 µm</quantity>
long; metacorpus 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8FFFD611C0FE948F5B91E0" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="16.0">16 to 18 µm</quantity>
long by 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8FFFD614EDFEBC8C1C91E0" box="[450,529,364,390]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 µm</quantity>
wide with centrally placed valves. Stylet without knobs, 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8FFFD611E7FEBC8F2291C8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="11.0">11 to 12 µm</quantity>
long. Excretory pore not observed. Nerve ring 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8FFFD616B9FE448A4C91C8" box="[918,1089,404,430]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" metricValueMax="10.2" metricValueMin="9.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="98.0" valueMax="102.0" valueMin="94.0">94 to 102 µm</quantity>
from anterior end. Ovary outstretched, oogonia­oocytes arranged in two rows. Spermatheca visible, shape variable; spermatozoa present. Vulva posteriorly situated (V = 72­77), lips slightly protuberant. Vulval flap absent. Postuterine sac 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8FFFD61633FDDC8DC29240" box="[796,975,524,550]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="113.0" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="102.0">102 to 124 µm</quantity>
long. Tail conoid to bluntly rounded, or sub acute terminus (
<figureCitation id="E98FD0BDFF8FFFD617ADFDE48CC79228" box="[642,714,564,590]" captionStart="FIGURES 1­14" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[296,1290,318,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-87@3.[288,1303,305,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1­14. Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956. 1, full view of male; 2, full view of female; 3, head and neck of male; 4, male tail; 5, male tail showing bursa; 6, lateral field; 7, variation in female tails; 8, vulval region; 9, head and neck; 10, female tail; 11, male tail; 12, spicules; 13, stylet; 14, variation in spicule shape. Note: 9­12 are redrawn from Thorne, 1935." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5014712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5014712/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
); mucro absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="39AE9FB3FF8FFFD61417FD8C8FC593B8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8FFFD61417FD8C8AAD92F8" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61417FD8C8C3B9213" box="[312,566,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<typeStatus id="AE0F729AFF8FFFD61417FD8C8F629213" box="[312,367,604,629]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
host and locality
</emphasis>
. 
<materialsCitation id="C1DCC665FF8FFFD61764FD8C8AAD92F8" collectedFrom="Associated with mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas)" country="United States of America" location="Horse Creek" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Utah">
<collectedFrom id="C2A88FC5FF8FFFD61764FD8C8DBC92F8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Associated with mountain pine beetle (
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD6113BFD8C8F9692F8" authority="Hopkins" authorityName="Hopkins" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Dendroctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ponderosae">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6113BFD8C8F2292FB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Dendroctonus ponderosae</emphasis>
Hopkins
</taxonomicName>
) on lodgepole pine (
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD617A1FD548DA492F8" authority="Douglas" authorityName="Douglas" box="[654,937,644,670]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD617A1FD548D3692FB" box="[654,827,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pinus contorta</emphasis>
Douglas
</taxonomicName>
)
</collectedFrom>
, 
<location id="746B9AE3FF8FFFD61692FD548A5E92F8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F91D7D2EFF8AFFD71427FAF28A029460:746B9AE3FF8FFFD61692FD548A5E92F8" box="[957,1107,644,670]" municipality="Associated" name="Horse Creek" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="Utah">Horse Creek</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="B37002DAFF8FFFD61170FD548A9192F8" box="[1119,1180,644,670]" country="United States of America" name="Utah" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Utah</collectingRegion>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8FFFD61417FD7C8FC593B8" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61417FD7C8FFD92A3" box="[312,496,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type specimens</emphasis>
. 
<materialsCitation id="C1DCC665FF8FFFD61724FD7C8AFC92A0" box="[523,1265,684,710]" collectedFrom="Associated with mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas)" collectingDate="1933-06-13" collectorName="G. Thorne" country="United States of America" location="Horse Creek" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Utah" typeStatus="hololectotype">
Collected by 
<collectorName id="DC41A9EEFF8FFFD61783FD7C8D2F92A0" box="[684,802,684,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">G. Thorne</collectorName>
on 
<date id="050AEAF8FF8FFFD6167BFD7C8DF592A0" box="[852,1016,684,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1933-06-13">
<collectingDate id="154E1310FF8FFFD6167BFD7C8DF592A0" box="[852,1016,684,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1933-06-13">13 June 1933</collectingDate>
</date>
. 
<typeStatus id="AE0F729AFF8FFFD6112AFD7C8AA692A0" box="[1029,1195,684,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Hololectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="67B207B1FF8FFFD6119AFD7C8AFC92A0" box="[1205,1265,684,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">male</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="C1DCC665FF8FFFD611D0FD7C8F739358" collectedFrom="Associated with mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas)" collectingDate="1933-06-13" collectionCode="USDANC" collectorName="G. Thorne" country="United States of America" location="Horse Creek" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Utah" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<specimenCount id="67B207B1FF8FFFD611D0FD7C8B2692A0" box="[1279,1323,684,710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">two</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="AE0F729AFF8FFFD61427FD048FAB9288" box="[264,422,724,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">paralectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenType id="211A4734FF8FFFD61480FD048FFB9288" box="[431,502,724,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">males</specimenType>
, and 
<specimenCount id="67B207B1FF8FFFD61717FD048C699288" box="[568,612,724,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">two</specimenCount>
<typeStatus id="AE0F729AFF8FFFD61741FD048D019288" box="[622,780,724,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">paralectotype</typeStatus>
<specimenType id="211A4734FF8FFFD6163AFD048D7D9288" box="[789,880,724,750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">females</specimenType>
on slide no. T­ 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8FFFD61104FD048A529288" box="[1067,1119,724,750]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.65" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="t" value="565.0">565t</quantity>
, deposited in the United States Department of Agriculture Nematode Collection (
<collectionCode id="17A554FDFF8FFFD61134FD2C8A979370" box="[1051,1178,764,790]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USDANC</collectionCode>
), Beltsville, Maryland
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="C1DCC665FF8FFFD614BCFCF48C249300" collectedFrom="Associated with mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas)" collectingDate="1933-06-13" collectionCode="USDANC" collectorName="G. Thorne" country="United States of America" location="Horse Creek" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Utah" typeStatus="paralectotype">
Two 
<typeStatus id="AE0F729AFF8FFFD614FEFCF48C629358" box="[465,623,804,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
males and 
<specimenCount id="67B207B1FF8FFFD617D6FCF48A299358" box="[761,1060,804,830]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female" typeStatus="paralectotype">one paralectotype female</specimenCount>
on slide no. T­5115p, deposited in USDANC
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="C1DCC665FF8FFFD61715FC9C8F8893E8" collectedFrom="Associated with mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas)" collectingDate="1933-06-13" collectionCode="USDANC" collectorName="G. Thorne" country="United States of America" location="Horse Creek" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Utah" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<location id="746B9AE3FF8FFFD61715FC9C8C609300" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F91D7D2EFF8AFFD71427FAF28A029460:746B9AE3FF8FFFD61715FC9C8C609300" box="[570,621,844,870]" country="United States of America" county="Lincoln" municipality="Manter Laboratory of Parasitology" name="Two" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="Maryland">Two</location>
<typeStatus id="AE0F729AFF8FFFD61753FC9C8D179300" box="[636,794,844,870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
males on slide no. T­5116p, deposited in USDANC
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="C1DCC665FF8FFFD614BEFCA48FCE93B8" collectedFrom="Associated with mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas)" collectingDate="1933-06-13" collectionCode="HWML" collectorName="G. Thorne" country="United States of America" location="Horse Creek" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Utah" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<location id="746B9AE3FF8FFFD614BEFCA48FC893E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F91D7D2EFF8AFFD71427FAF28A029460:746B9AE3FF8FFFD614BEFCA48FC893E8" box="[401,453,884,910]" country="United States of America" county="Lincoln" municipality="Manter Laboratory of Parasitology" name="Two" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="Maryland">Two</location>
<typeStatus id="AE0F729AFF8FFFD614E1FCA48C6193E8" box="[462,620,884,910]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
males on slide no. HWML 44924, deposited in 
<location id="746B9AE3FF8FFFD6119FFCA48B2193E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F91D7D2EFF8AFFD71427FAF28A029460:746B9AE3FF8FFFD6119FFCA48B2193E8" box="[1200,1324,884,910]" country="United States of America" county="Lincoln" municipality="Manter Laboratory of Parasitology" name="University" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="Maryland">University</location>
of 
<collectingRegion id="B37002DAFF8FFFD61400FC4C8FE593D0" box="[303,488,924,950]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Nebraska State</collectingRegion>
<location id="746B9AE3FF8FFFD614D8FC4C8C6C93D0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F91D7D2EFF8AFFD71427FAF28A029460:746B9AE3FF8FFFD614D8FC4C8C6C93D0" box="[503,609,924,950]" country="United States of America" county="Lincoln" municipality="Manter Laboratory of Parasitology" name="Museum" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="Maryland">Museum</location>
, 
<collectorName id="DC41A9EEFF8FFFD6175BFC4C8DE793D0" box="[628,1002,924,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Harold W. 
<collectingMunicipality id="916F5642FF8FFFD6162BFC4C8DE793D0" box="[772,1002,924,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Manter Laboratory</collectingMunicipality>
</collectorName>
of Parasitology, 
<collectingCounty id="986AB4B4FF8FFFD611E7FC4C8B2B93D0" box="[1224,1318,924,950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Lincoln</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingRegion id="B37002DAFF8FFFD61427FC148F7793B8" box="[264,378,964,990]" country="United States of America" name="Nebraska" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Nebraska</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="09A38CA8FF8FFFD614AAFC148FCE93B8" box="[389,451,964,990]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">USA</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="39AE9FB3FF8FFFD61417FC3C8AF894C0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8FFFD61417FC3C8AF894C0" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61417FC3C8FA29463" box="[312,431,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD614E5FC3C8C499463" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[458,580,1004,1030]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD614E5FC3C8FD19463" box="[458,476,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD614C1FC3C8C499463" box="[494,580,1004,1029]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">talonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by three incisures in the lateral field at midbody, a knobless stylet, two rows of oogonia­oocytes and spermatogonia­spermatocytes, and spicules that lack a cucullus. The male tail bears a round­ovoid bursa, three pairs of papillae, and a striking talon­like terminus. The female tail terminus is bluntly rounded or sub acute. A long postuterine sac is present (
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8FFFD61636FB5C8DA094C0" box="[793,941,1164,1190]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="113.0" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="102.0">102­124 µm</quantity>
) and a vulval flap is absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="39AE9FB3FF8FFFD71417FB648A029460" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8FFFD61417FB648D789578" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61417FB648FDA94AB" box="[312,471,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Relationships</emphasis>
. The following species are similar to 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD6168EFB648A1594AB" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[929,1048,1204,1230]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6168EFB648DBE94AB" box="[929,947,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD616EDFB648A1594AB" box="[962,1048,1204,1229]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">talonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in spicule morphology and in having three pairs of papillae: 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61796FB0C8DE19490" authority="Massey, 1974" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1974" box="[697,1004,1244,1270]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bestiolus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61796FB0C8CC69493" box="[697,715,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD617F6FB0C8D4C9493" box="[729,833,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">bestiolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD61667FB0C8DE19490" author="Massey, C. L." box="[840,1004,1244,1270]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" refId="ref2752" refString="Massey, C. L. (1974) Biology and taxonomy of nematode parasites and associates of bark beetles in the United States. Agricultural Handbook no. 446. USDA Forest Service. US Government Printing Offices, Washington, DC, 233 pp." type="book" year="1974">Massey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD616D7FB0C8B0B9490" authority="Ruhm, 1956" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[1016,1286,1244,1270]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="eremus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD616D7FB0C8A079493" box="[1016,1034,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61137FB0C8A669493" box="[1048,1131,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">eremus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD6115DFB0C8B0B9490" author="Ruhm, W." box="[1138,1286,1244,1270]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 437" refId="ref2799" refString="Ruhm, W. (1956) Die Nematoden der Ipiden. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe, 6, 1 - 437." type="journal article" year="1956">Rühm, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD6103EFB0C8C1D9578" authority="Ruhm, 1956" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="eucarpus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6103EFB0C8B2E9493" box="[1297,1315,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61427FAD48F7E957B" box="[264,371,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">eucarpus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD61454FAD48C1D9578" author="Ruhm, W." box="[379,528,1284,1310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 437" refId="ref2799" refString="Ruhm, W. (1956) Die Nematoden der Ipiden. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe, 6, 1 - 437." type="journal article" year="1956">Rühm, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; and 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61762FAD48D7C9578" authority="Ruhm, 1956" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[589,881,1284,1310]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="nuesslini">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61762FAD48C52957B" box="[589,607,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61741FAD48CDB957B" box="[622,726,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">nuesslini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD617F2FAD48D7C9578" author="Ruhm, W." box="[733,881,1284,1310]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 437" refId="ref2799" refString="Ruhm, W. (1956) Die Nematoden der Ipiden. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe, 6, 1 - 437." type="journal article" year="1956">Rühm, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8FFFD61417FAFC8DAF9668" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61417FAFC8FCD9523" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1974" box="[312,448,1324,1350]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="bestiolus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61417FAFC8F479523" box="[312,330,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61477FAFC8FCD9523" box="[344,448,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">bestiolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having a vulval flap, smaller a value in males (32 vs. 37.1­52.6), and smaller c value in males (18.3 vs. 21.8­29.8). 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61675FA848DC0950B" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[858,973,1364,1390]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="eremus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61675FA848D61950B" box="[858,876,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61655FA848DC0950B" box="[890,973,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">eremus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD616F2FA848A65950B" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[989,1128,1364,1390]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="eucarpus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD616F2FA848DE2950B" box="[989,1007,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD616D2FA848A65950B" box="[1021,1128,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">eucarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD6118DFA848B27950B" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[1186,1322,1364,1390]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="nuesslini">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6118DFA848AB9950B" box="[1186,1204,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD611EDFA848B27950B" box="[1218,1322,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">nuesslini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ in having stylet knobs. 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61742FAAC8CEF95F3" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[621,738,1404,1430]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="eremus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61742FAAC8C7295F3" box="[621,639,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD617A1FAAC8CEF95F3" box="[654,738,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">eremus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs in having males with a larger c value (31­36 vs. 21.8­29.8), and females with a larger a value (41 vs. 34.5­38.8). The same characters also differentiate 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61708FA1C8CB99583" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[551,692,1484,1510]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="eucarpus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61708FA1C8C349583" box="[551,569,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61766FA1C8CB99583" box="[585,692,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">eucarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD6162EFA1C8D749583" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[769,889,1484,1510]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6162EFA1C8D1E9583" box="[769,787,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6160CFA1C8D749583" box="[803,889,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">talonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD616BBFA1C8A2C9583" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[916,1057,1484,1510]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="eucarpus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD616BBFA1C8DAB9583" box="[916,934,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61699FA1C8A2C9583" box="[950,1057,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">eucarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
males have a larger c value (33­45), and females have a larger a value (39­46).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8FFFD61417F9CC8FBE96C8" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61417F9CC8C5B9650" authority="Ruhm, 1956" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1956" box="[312,598,1564,1590]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="incurvus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61417F9CC8F479653" box="[312,330,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61476F9CC8FB39653" box="[345,446,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">incurvus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD614EAF9CC8C5B9650" author="Ruhm, W." box="[453,598,1564,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 437" refId="ref2799" refString="Ruhm, W. (1956) Die Nematoden der Ipiden. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe, 6, 1 - 437." type="journal article" year="1956">Rühm, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD617BEF9CC8A8A9650" authority="Braasch &amp; Burgermeister, 2002" authorityName="Braasch &amp; Burgermeister" authorityYear="2002" box="[657,1159,1564,1590]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="rainulfi">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD617BEF9CC8CAE9653" box="[657,675,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6179DF9CC8D079653" box="[690,778,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">rainulfi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD6163DF9CC8A8A9650" author="Braasch, H. &amp; Burgermeister, W." box="[786,1159,1564,1590]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="971 - 978" refId="ref2523" refString="Braasch, H. &amp; Burgermeister, W. (2002) Bursaphelenchus rainulfi sp. n. (Nematoda: Parasitaphelenchidae), first record of the genus Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937 from Malaysia. Nematology, 4, 971 - 978." type="journal article" year="2002">Braasch &amp; Burgermeister, 2002</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61427F9948F8E963B" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[264,387,1604,1630]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61427F9948F17963B" box="[264,282,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61402F9948F8E963B" box="[301,387,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">talonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in spicule morphology, but differ in having two pairs of papillae, and stylet knobs. 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD6144CF9BC8FD696E3" authorityName="Braasch &amp; Burgermeister" authorityYear="2002" box="[355,475,1644,1670]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="rainulfi">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6144CF9BC8F7896E3" box="[355,373,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD614ACF9BC8FD696E3" box="[387,475,1644,1669]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">rainulfi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs in having a vulval flap and smaller c value in females (15­20 vs. 23.8­26.1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8FFFD61417F96C8B029728" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,1870]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61417F96C8C6D96B0" authority="Baujard, 1980" authorityName="Baujard" authorityYear="1980" box="[312,608,1724,1750]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="naujaci">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61417F96C8F4796B3" box="[312,330,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61476F96C8FBC96B3" box="[345,433,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">naujaci</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD61496F96C8C6D96B0" author="Baujard, P." box="[441,608,1724,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="167 - 177" refId="ref2462" refString="Baujard, P. (1980) Trois nouvelles especes de Bursaphelenchus (Nematoda: Tylenchida) et remarques sur le genre. Revue de Nematologie, 3, 167 - 177." type="journal article" year="1980">Baujard, 1980</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
was synonymized with 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD61650F96C8ABF96B0" authority="Ruhm, 1960" authorityName="Ruhm" authorityYear="1960" box="[895,1202,1724,1750]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="sexdentati">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD61650F96C8D9C96B3" box="[895,913,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6168EF96C8A1A96B3" box="[929,1047,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">sexdentati</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD6110FF96C8ABF96B0" author="Ruhm, W." box="[1056,1202,1724,1750]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="201 - 213" refId="ref2820" refString="Ruhm, W. (1960) Ein Beitrag zur Nomenklatur und Systematik einiger mit Scolytiden vergesellschafteter Nematodearten. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 164, 201 - 213." type="journal article" year="1960">Rühm, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD611CFF96C8C389698" author="Tarjan, A. C. &amp; Baeza Aragon, C." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="121 - 144" refId="ref2848" refString="Tarjan, A. C. &amp; Baeza Aragon, C. (1982) An analysis of the genus Bursaphelenchus Fuchs, 1937. Nematropica, 12, 121 - 144." type="journal article" year="1982">Tarjan and Baeza Aragon (1982)</bibRefCitation>
but was re­established as a valid species by 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8FFFD61113F9348F579740" author="Brzeski, M. W. &amp; Baujard, P." pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="305 - 317" refId="ref2567" refString="Brzeski, M. W. &amp; Baujard, P. (1997) Morphology and morphometrics of Bursaphelenchus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) species from pine wood of Poland. Annales Zoologici, 47, 305 - 317." type="journal article" year="1997">Brzeski and Baujard (1997)</bibRefCitation>
. It is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8FFFD6173CF8DC8C849743" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[531,649,1804,1830]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6173CF8DC8C289743" box="[531,549,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8FFFD6171CF8DC8C849743" box="[563,649,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">talonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in spicule morphology, and in having three pairs of papillae. It differs in having stylet knobs, a vulval flap, and four incisures in the lateral field.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8EFFD71417FECC8C5A91B0" blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8EFFD71417FECC8FB99153" box="[312,436,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bionomics</emphasis>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8EFFD714E5FECC8C789150" author="Thorne, G." box="[458,629,284,310]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne (1935)</bibRefCitation>
isolated 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8EFFD717F1FECC8D589153" authorityName="Massey" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Thorne" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[734,853,284,310]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="talonus">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8EFFD717F1FECC8CFD9153" box="[734,752,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8EFFD717D0FECC8D589153" box="[767,853,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">talonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from frass in galleries of 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8EFFD711AAFECC8FF29138" authority="Hopkins" authorityName="Hopkins" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Dendroctonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ponderosae">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8EFFD711AAFECC8F9D913B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Dendroctonus ponderosae</emphasis>
Hopkins
</taxonomicName>
infesting lodgepole pine. Although the biology of the species is unknown, it is probably a phoretic associate of this bark beetle and probably feeds on fungus in galleries constructed by the beetle as reported for other 
<taxonomicName id="B6B4B7BBFF8EFFD7112DFE448B2691C8" box="[1026,1323,404,430]" class="Secernentea" family="Aphelenchidae" genus="Bursaphelenchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aphelenchida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Nematoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8EFFD7112DFE448AC191CB" box="[1026,1228,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bursaphelenchus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8EFFD7143FFE6C8FBB91B0" author="Massey, C. L." box="[272,438,444,470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref2752" refString="Massey, C. L. (1974) Biology and taxonomy of nematode parasites and associates of bark beetles in the United States. Agricultural Handbook no. 446. USDA Forest Service. US Government Printing Offices, Washington, DC, 233 pp." type="book" year="1974">Massey, 1974</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8EFFD714EDFE6C8C4791B0" author="Hunt, D. J." box="[450,586,444,470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref2685" refString="Hunt, D. J. (1993) Aphelenchida, Longidoridae and Trichodoridae: their systematics and bionomics. CAB International, Wallingford, 352 pp." type="book" year="1993">Hunt, 1993</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8EFFD71417FE348DEA9370" blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="43C0102AFF8EFFD71417FE348F93919B" box="[312,414,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks</emphasis>
. Measurements by 
<bibRefCitation id="1525B1C9FF8EFFD717B8FE348D499198" author="Thorne, G." box="[663,836,484,510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="131 - 144" refId="ref2881" refString="Thorne, G. (1935) Nemic parasites and associates of the mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus monticolae) in Utah. Journal of Agricultural Research, 51, 131 - 144." type="journal article" year="1935">Thorne (1935)</bibRefCitation>
generally agree with those in this study with some exceptions. The postuterine sac was longer in this study than in Thorne’s (
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD711DCFDDC8F689228" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.02" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="113.0" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="102.0">102­ 124 µm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD714B6FDE48FE69228" box="[409,491,564,590]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="96.0">96 µm</quantity>
), as was the largest male measured (
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD7168BFDE48A0E9228" box="[932,1027,564,590]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.459999999999999" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="946.0">946 µm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD71118FDE48A949228" box="[1079,1177,564,590]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="800.0">800 µm</quantity>
). However, average male body length was more or less comparable to Thorne’s (
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD7111EFD8C8A839210" box="[1073,1166,604,630]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.58" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="758.0">758 µm</quantity>
vs. 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD71191FD8C8B109210" box="[1214,1309,604,630]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="800.0">800 µm</quantity>
). Thorne reported the distance from the anterior end to the nerve ring as 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD71167FD548A9892F8" box="[1096,1173,644,670]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="72.0">72 µm</quantity>
for the male and 
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD71415FD7C8F8A92A0" box="[314,391,684,710]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 µm</quantity>
for the female; these values are much smaller than calculated from his 
<figureCitation id="E98FD0BDFF8EFFD711FEFD7C8B2792A0" box="[1233,1322,684,710]" captionStart="FIGURES 1­14" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[296,1290,318,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-87@3.[288,1303,305,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1­14. Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956. 1, full view of male; 2, full view of female; 3, head and neck of male; 4, male tail; 5, male tail showing bursa; 6, lateral field; 7, variation in female tails; 8, vulval region; 9, head and neck; 10, female tail; 11, male tail; 12, spicules; 13, stylet; 14, variation in spicule shape. Note: 9­12 are redrawn from Thorne, 1935." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5014712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5014712/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 5G</figureCitation>
(
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD7143EFD048F6E9288" box="[273,355,724,750]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="97.0">97 µm</quantity>
). The value calculated from the figure is within the range obtained for females in this study (
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD714A6FD2C8C1D9370" box="[393,528,764,790]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.8" metricValueMax="10.2" metricValueMin="9.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="98.0" valueMax="102.0" valueMin="94.0">94­102 µm</quantity>
), but greater than for males (
<quantity id="B64C61DDFF8EFFD7164EFD2C8DD79370" box="[865,986,764,790]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" metricValueMax="9.4" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="mm" value="87.0" valueMax="94.0" valueMin="80.0">80­94 µm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="710BCC38FF8EFFD71417FCF48A029460" blockId="5.[264,1324,284,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Some morphological observations differed from Thorne’s. In this study, spicule shape was variable (
<figureCitation id="E98FD0BDFF8EFFD7149CFC9C8C039300" box="[435,526,844,870]" captionStart="FIGURES 1­14" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[296,1290,318,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-87@3.[288,1303,305,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1­14. Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956. 1, full view of male; 2, full view of female; 3, head and neck of male; 4, male tail; 5, male tail showing bursa; 6, lateral field; 7, variation in female tails; 8, vulval region; 9, head and neck; 10, female tail; 11, male tail; 12, spicules; 13, stylet; 14, variation in spicule shape. Note: 9­12 are redrawn from Thorne, 1935." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5014712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5014712/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
); the condylus was narrower, and the distal tips of spicules were more attenuated than observed by Thorne (
<figureCitation id="E98FD0BDFF8EFFD7162FFCA48D5993E8" box="[768,852,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURES 1­14" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[296,1290,318,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-87@3.[288,1303,305,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1­14. Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956. 1, full view of male; 2, full view of female; 3, head and neck of male; 4, male tail; 5, male tail showing bursa; 6, lateral field; 7, variation in female tails; 8, vulval region; 9, head and neck; 10, female tail; 11, male tail; 12, spicules; 13, stylet; 14, variation in spicule shape. Note: 9­12 are redrawn from Thorne, 1935." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5014712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5014712/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
vs. 
<figureCitation id="E98FD0BDFF8EFFD716AAFCA48DD693E8" box="[901,987,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURES 1­14" captionStartId="3.[264,382,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[296,1290,318,1760]" captionTargetId="figure-87@3.[288,1303,305,1765]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 1­14. Bursaphelenchus talonus (Thorne, 1935) Massey, 1956. 1, full view of male; 2, full view of female; 3, head and neck of male; 4, male tail; 5, male tail showing bursa; 6, lateral field; 7, variation in female tails; 8, vulval region; 9, head and neck; 10, female tail; 11, male tail; 12, spicules; 13, stylet; 14, variation in spicule shape. Note: 9­12 are redrawn from Thorne, 1935." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5014712" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5014712/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). The ovary was reflexed in Thorne’s study, but not in this study. Flexure of the gonad likely was not observed because few females were studied (n=3), or because it may occur in a few individuals in a population. In this study, two of 
<specimenCount id="67B207B1FF8EFFD71713FC3C8CB79460" box="[572,698,1004,1030]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">nine males</specimenCount>
(22%) had a reflexed gonad.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>