251 lines
36 KiB
XML
251 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="F52AFB3EA95C312079C011D743E241A9" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-ZooBank="039AEA06-D0AF-48F7-8692-F35D81A00BD1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629811392103" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hong, Jae-Sang, Choi, Byung-Mee, Kubo, Aki & Sato, Masanori" docDate="2012" docId="E15C87B91247FF87BABCFE46FCCA0FAB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03490p062.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3490" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Paraleonnates bolus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="60" masterDocId="1D65FFC1124DFF8CBA2BFFD2FFF70E5F" masterDocTitle="Redescription of the giant mud worm Paraleonnates uschakovi Khlebovich and Wu, 1962 (Polychaeta: Nereididae) with special reference to the synonymy of Periserrula leucophryna Paik, 1977 and the difference from Paraleonnates bolus" masterLastPageNumber="62" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1699115613334" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="8C988A1DD8327981D50D4677806FC058">Redescription of the giant mud worm Paraleonnates uschakovi Khlebovich and Wu, 1962 (Polychaeta: Nereididae) with special reference to the synonymy of Periserrula leucophryna Paik, 1977 and the difference from Paraleonnates bolus</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3F3AD9EE46AB2C2A8A34E3CFDB39B5A5" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="37CDBC3CBE65280B71BBCF454282B5BF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9E282A12115CCD5A471FD544770A547B">Hong, Jae-Sang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4F794ED29A052FE19BF9034027C4F098">Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 402 - 751, Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1350B6BE77E88D6750693E7CD808AE92" type="email">jshong@inha.ac.kr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="9290BF572DC182D3D2691853613A3EC4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1F586FA2C5135B776AF4B2E78C2DA04B">Choi, Byung-Mee</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="12FBA6733F60D69A5854E0411E48DE8F">Department of Ocean Sciences, Inha University, Incheon 402 - 751, Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="F91F7514C9C11970F1ADC25FAF0A7689" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="964A97A8286F38C029F4559621796241">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="044050511B3B4814B08304EC337F2F93">Kubo, Aki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="09DC07A8DD94F99FCC8DCB49D3162742">Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890 - 0065, Japan Corresponding author. E-mail: jshong @ inha. ac. kr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="041EEAB98A3FE658526707C070ED7590" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="560A372C8C69015A82DC9FEE2BC9874A">Sato, Masanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4F381CD36A3A9CB1AC30000D4B98FE09">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3A0D1BAA15D35A8CB8CBC5104465FF3D">
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<mods:date id="B77963F3AA430B2BCEE337D40BF169A0">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2443E55A6F911E2B2B32532C9BD1EBC4">2012-09-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6A8D1757EB8B75C5D9F95550CEE5A6CF">3490</mods:number>
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<treatment id="E15C87B91247FF87BABCFE46FCCA0FAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5278909" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5278909" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E15C87B91247FF87BABCFE46FCCA0FAB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E15C87B91247FF87BABCFE46FCCA0FAB" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BABCFE46FD1D0FF2" blockId="10.[151,746,403,462]" box="[151,746,403,430]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<heading id="320281C31247FF86BABCFE46FD1D0FF2" bold="true" box="[151,746,403,430]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="AEF54D2C1247FF86BABCFE46FD1D0FF2" ID-CoL="4CYDJ" authority="(Hutchings and Reid, 1991)" baseAuthorityName="Hutchings and Reid" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[151,746,403,430]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Paraleonnates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolus">
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<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BABCFE46FD1D0FF2" bold="true" box="[151,746,403,430]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BABCFE46FE7A0FF1" bold="true" box="[151,397,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Paraleonnates bolus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="0D644B5E1247FF86BBB6FE41FD150FF2" author="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A." box="[413,738,403,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="47 - 62" refId="ref7878" refString="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A. (1991) The Nereididae (Polychaeta) from Australia - Leonnates, Platynereis and Solomononereis. Records of the Australian Museum, 43, 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1991">Hutchings and Reid, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="21EF65241247FF86BABCFE64FDF30F91" box="[151,516,438,462]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BABCFE64FDF30F91" blockId="10.[151,746,403,462]" box="[151,516,438,462]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1247FF86BABCFE64FF090F91" box="[151,254,438,462]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[212,1374,626,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-341@4.[212,1374,625,1745]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of anterior ends between two Paraleonnates species. (A–C) P. uschakovi (a non-type specimen collected from Saemangeum, Korea, 4.0 mm in BW): (A) Dorsal view of anterior end. Arrow indicates rows of partly sclerotized papillae on maxillary ring of everted proboscis; (B) Enlarged view of dorsal surface of maxillary ring indicated by an arrow in (A); (C) Enlarged view of a pair of soft papillae on left side of area VI in oral ring of everted proboscis. (D–F) P. bolus (a non-type specimen collected from Darwin Harbour, Australia, 5.5 mm in BW): (D) Dorsal view of anterior end; (E) Ventral view of rows of paragnaths on areas I and II (right side) in maxillary ring of retracted proboscis after dissection; (F) Ventral view of rows of paragnaths on areas III and IV (right side) in maxillary ring of retracted proboscis after dissection. j: jaw. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Figures 3</figureCitation>
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(D–F), 6(E–G), 8(F, G)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="21EF65241247FF86BABCFE2DFCCB0C0E" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BABCFE2DFCA10C6C" blockId="10.[151,1436,510,594]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<treatmentCitation id="E85410BE1247FF86BABCFE2DFD590C4B" author="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A." box="[151,686,510,533]" page="50" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" year="1991">
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<taxonomicName id="AEF54D2C1247FF86BABCFE2DFD590C4B" ID-CoL="3T6KF" authority="Hutchings and Reid, 1991: 48 - 50" authorityName="Hutchings and Reid" authorityPageNumber="48 - 50" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,686,510,533]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Leonnates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolus">
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||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BABCFE2DFEB70C4A" box="[151,320,511,533]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Leonnates bolus</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="D99D3CF21247FF86BB62FE2CFD590C4B" box="[329,686,510,532]" collectionCode="NTM" country="Australia" location="East Arm" municipality="Darwin Harbour" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" specimenCode="W2518" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory" typeStatus="holotype">
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<bibRefCitation id="0D644B5E1247FF86BB62FE2CFD590C4B" author="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A." box="[329,686,510,532]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="47 - 62" refId="ref7878" refString="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A. (1991) The Nereididae (Polychaeta) from Australia - Leonnates, Platynereis and Solomononereis. Records of the Australian Museum, 43, 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1991">Hutchings and Reid, 1991: 48–50</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 1 (type locality: 12˚30΄S 130˚55΄E, mangroves,
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<location id="6C2A60741247FF86BEF7FE2DFAB40C4B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E15C87B91247FF87BABCFE46FCCA0FAB:6C2A60741247FF86BEF7FE2DFAB40C4B" box="[1244,1347,510,532]" country="Australia" municipality="Darwin Harbour" name="East Arm" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Northern Territory">East Arm</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="892EACD51247FF86BF7BFE2CFEEA0C6C" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Darwin Harbour</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="AB31F84D1247FF86BB0CFDCFFE140C6C" box="[295,483,541,563]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="11E2763F1247FF86BBC6FDCFFDBA0C6C" box="[493,589,541,563]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Australia</collectingCountry>
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;
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<typeStatus id="B64E880D1247FF86B87CFDCFFD440C6C" box="[599,691,541,563]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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: NTM
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<specimenCode id="39539ED41247FF86B8D7FDCFFCBC0C6C" box="[764,843,541,563]" collectionCode="NTM" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/jg13-7fbc" name="Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">W2518</specimenCode>
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).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BABCFDEEFCCB0C0E" blockId="10.[151,1436,510,594]" box="[151,828,571,594]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="49E511811247FF86BABCFDEEFCCB0C0E" box="[151,828,571,594]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<treatmentCitation id="E85410BE1247FF86BABCFDEEFD4A0C0E" author="Qiu, J. W. & Qian, P. Y." box="[151,701,571,594]" page="1143" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" year="2000">
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<taxonomicName id="AEF54D2C1247FF86BABCFDEEFD4A0C0E" ID-CoL="4CYDJ" authority=": Qiu and Qian, 2000: 1142 - 1143" authorityName=": Qiu and Qian, 2000: 1142 -" authorityPageNumber="1142 - 1143" authorityYear="1143" box="[151,701,571,594]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Paraleonnates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolus">
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<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BABCFDEEFE9F0C0D" box="[151,360,572,594]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Paraleonnates bolus</emphasis>
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||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D644B5E1247FF86BB5EFDE9FD4A0C0E" author="Qiu, J. W. & Qian, P. Y." box="[373,701,571,593]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="1111 - 1146" refId="ref8508" refString="Qiu, J. W. & Qian, P. Y. (2000) Revision of the genus Leonnates Kinberg, 1866 (Polychaeta: Nereididae), with descriptions and comments on other species described in Leonnates. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 113, 1111 - 1146." type="journal article" year="2000">Qiu and Qian, 2000: 1142–1143</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 14E, F.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="21EF65241247FF86BABCFDACFE6C0C81" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BABCFDACFE6C0C81" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BABCFDACFE7B0CC9" box="[151,396,638,663]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BABCFDACFE720CC8" bold="true" box="[151,389,638,663]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Materials examined</emphasis>
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.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="D99D3CF21247FF86BBBEFDACFE600C81" collectingDate="2005-01" collectionCode="KIBR" collectorName="K. Metcalfe" country="Australia" county="Darwin Harbour" determinerName="C. Glasby" location="Opposite East Arm Port" municipality="Wickham Point" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
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<location id="6C2A60741247FF86BBBEFDACFD510CC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E15C87B91247FF87BABCFE46FCCA0FAB:6C2A60741247FF86BBBEFDACFD510CC9" box="[405,678,638,662]" country="Australia" county="Darwin Harbour" municipality="Wickham Point" name="Opposite East Arm Port" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Northern Territory">
|
||
Opposite
|
||
<location id="6C2A60741247FF86B828FDADFD510CC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E15C87B91247FF87BABCFE46FCCA0FAB:6C2A60741247FF86B828FDADFD510CC9" box="[515,678,638,662]" country="Australia" county="Darwin Harbour" municipality="Wickham Point" name="East Arm Port" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" stateProvince="Northern Territory">East Arm Port</location>
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||
</location>
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||
(12˚31.107'S 130˚52.485'E, Muddy substrate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF54D2C1247FF86BEF8FDACFAB90CC9" box="[1235,1358,638,662]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Sonneratia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BEF8FDACFAB90CC9" box="[1235,1358,638,662]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Sonneratia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
zone),
|
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<collectingMunicipality id="892EACD51247FF86BABCFD70FEBD0CE5" box="[151,330,674,698]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Wickham Point</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="802B4E231247FF86BB73FD70FDE20CE5" box="[344,533,674,698]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Darwin Harbour</collectingCounty>
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,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="AB31F84D1247FF86B808FD70FD010CE5" box="[547,758,674,698]" country="Australia" name="Northern Territory" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Northern Territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E2763F1247FF86B92FFD70FC990CE5" box="[772,878,674,698]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Australia</collectingCountry>
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,
|
||
<specimenCount id="7FF3FD261247FF86B950FD71FBEE0CE5" box="[891,1049,674,698]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="C40053791247FF86BE48FD71FB190CE5" box="[1123,1262,674,698]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">K. Metcalfe</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="1D4B106F1247FF86BED7FD71FA6F0CE5" box="[1276,1432,674,699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" value="2005-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="0D0FE9871247FF86BED7FD71FA6F0CE5" box="[1276,1432,674,699]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" value="2005-01">January 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
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||
, det.
|
||
<determinerName id="9C96DA6B1247FF86BAECFD14FEC00C81" box="[199,311,710,734]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">C. Glasby</determinerName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="0FE4AE6A1247FF86BB6DFD14FE780C81" box="[326,399,710,734]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">KIBR</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21EF65241247FF86BAEEFD38FC360D79" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BAEEFD38FC360D79" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BAEEFD38FEC80D5C" bold="true" box="[197,319,746,771]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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||
Conical paragnaths on dorsal and ventral surfaces of maxillary ring, wholly well sclerotized without whitish base, arranged in two or three irregular transverse rows.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21EF65241247FF86BAEEFCE0FA6309F9" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BAEEFCE0FAF40D31" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BAEEFCE0FD800D14" bold="true" box="[197,631,818,843]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Description of a non-type specimen.</emphasis>
|
||
Incomplete atokous individual
|
||
<quantity id="AE0D9B4A1247FF86B9CAFCE0FBC60D15" box="[993,1073,818,842]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
|
||
in BL,
|
||
<quantity id="AE0D9B4A1247FF86BEA7FCE0FB140D15" box="[1164,1251,818,842]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in BW, with 70 chaetigers, with proboscis retracted. Color greenish gray in anterior dorsum, whitish cream in venter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BAEEFCA8FE820D85" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Anterior margin of prostomium with deep cleft (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1247FF86B8DBFCA8FCBB0DCD" box="[752,844,890,914]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[212,1374,626,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-341@4.[212,1374,625,1745]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of anterior ends between two Paraleonnates species. (A–C) P. uschakovi (a non-type specimen collected from Saemangeum, Korea, 4.0 mm in BW): (A) Dorsal view of anterior end. Arrow indicates rows of partly sclerotized papillae on maxillary ring of everted proboscis; (B) Enlarged view of dorsal surface of maxillary ring indicated by an arrow in (A); (C) Enlarged view of a pair of soft papillae on left side of area VI in oral ring of everted proboscis. (D–F) P. bolus (a non-type specimen collected from Darwin Harbour, Australia, 5.5 mm in BW): (D) Dorsal view of anterior end; (E) Ventral view of rows of paragnaths on areas I and II (right side) in maxillary ring of retracted proboscis after dissection; (F) Ventral view of rows of paragnaths on areas III and IV (right side) in maxillary ring of retracted proboscis after dissection. j: jaw. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Prostomium with pair of smooth tapered antennae and pair of palps as long as antennae. Two pairs of eyes situated in rectangular arrangement; anterior eyes larger than posterior ones.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BAEEFC34FDFE0A7D" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Peristomium with four pairs of tentacular cirri of unequal lengths; posterior dorsal tentacular cirri longest, reaching back to parapodium 10.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BAEEFBFCFD3A0A89" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Proboscis with pair of black jaws; inner margin of jaw with about eight distinct teeth. Maxillary ring with two closely neighboring irregular transverse rows of black conical paragnaths interrupted laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1247FF86BEFCFB80FAA30A35" box="[1239,1364,1106,1130]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1781,1804]" captionTargetBox="[212,1374,626,1745]" captionTargetId="figure-341@4.[212,1374,625,1745]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Comparison of anterior ends between two Paraleonnates species. (A–C) P. uschakovi (a non-type specimen collected from Saemangeum, Korea, 4.0 mm in BW): (A) Dorsal view of anterior end. Arrow indicates rows of partly sclerotized papillae on maxillary ring of everted proboscis; (B) Enlarged view of dorsal surface of maxillary ring indicated by an arrow in (A); (C) Enlarged view of a pair of soft papillae on left side of area VI in oral ring of everted proboscis. (D–F) P. bolus (a non-type specimen collected from Darwin Harbour, Australia, 5.5 mm in BW): (D) Dorsal view of anterior end; (E) Ventral view of rows of paragnaths on areas I and II (right side) in maxillary ring of retracted proboscis after dissection; (F) Ventral view of rows of paragnaths on areas III and IV (right side) in maxillary ring of retracted proboscis after dissection. j: jaw. Scale bars: 1 mm." pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Figs 3E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oral ring with two kinds of soft papilla (sharply pointed or blunt); numbers of papillae as follows: area V, none; area VI, single pair of papillae (one sharply-pointed, one blunt) in both right and left sides; area VII–VIII, four sharplypointed papillae arranged in single transverse row.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BAEEFB30FD140BF1" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Notopodial dorsal and ventral ligules triangular, of similar lengths in anterior parapodia; dorsal ligule expanded to round lamella, flattened, leaf-like, with digitate tapering tip on lateral edge, with additional small, round lobe developing above dorsal cirrus, in posterior parapodia behind around parapodium 30 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1247FF86BEB9FAF8FB060B1D" box="[1170,1265,1322,1346]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1286,1309]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,545,1279]" captionTargetId="figure-511@7.[151,1436,545,1279]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Comparison of parapodia between two Paraleonnates species. All photographs show posterior views of left parapodia. (A–D) P. uschakovi (a non-type specimen collected from Saemangeum, Korea, 6.0 mm in BW): (A) Parapodium 1; (B) Parapodium 3; (C) Parapodium 67; (D) Parapodium 101. (E–G) P. bolus (a non-type specimen collected from Darwin Harbour, Australia, 5.5 mm in BW): (E) Parapodium 1; (F) Parapodium 3; (G) Parapodium 66. no: notoacicula; ne: neuroacicula; dc: dorsal cirrus; nod: notopodial dorsal ligule; nov: notopodial ventral ligule; nes: neuropodial superior lobe; nei: neuropodial inferior lobe; nep: neuropodial postchaetal lobe; nev: neuropodial ventral ligule; vc: ventral cirrus. Arrows indicate the presence of small lobe above dorsal cirrus on notopodial dorsal ligule. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Rudimentary prechaetal lobe present as small, round protrusion at upper base of notopodial ventral ligules in anterior parapodia. Dorsal cirri slender, tapering, more than two times as long as notopodial dorsal ligule in anterior parapodia, gradually diminishing in size in posterior parapodia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BAEEFA68FB8108F5" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Neuropodial superior and inferior lobes slender with tapering tip, of similar lengths throughout. Neuropodial postchaetal lobe wide triangular with digitate tapering tip, of similar length as superior and inferior lobes, in anterior parapodia up to about first 10 segments (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1247FF86B8EEF9D0FCB70845" box="[709,832,1538,1562]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1286,1309]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,545,1279]" captionTargetId="figure-511@7.[151,1436,545,1279]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Comparison of parapodia between two Paraleonnates species. All photographs show posterior views of left parapodia. (A–D) P. uschakovi (a non-type specimen collected from Saemangeum, Korea, 6.0 mm in BW): (A) Parapodium 1; (B) Parapodium 3; (C) Parapodium 67; (D) Parapodium 101. (E–G) P. bolus (a non-type specimen collected from Darwin Harbour, Australia, 5.5 mm in BW): (E) Parapodium 1; (F) Parapodium 3; (G) Parapodium 66. no: notoacicula; ne: neuroacicula; dc: dorsal cirrus; nod: notopodial dorsal ligule; nov: notopodial ventral ligule; nes: neuropodial superior lobe; nei: neuropodial inferior lobe; nep: neuropodial postchaetal lobe; nev: neuropodial ventral ligule; vc: ventral cirrus. Arrows indicate the presence of small lobe above dorsal cirrus on notopodial dorsal ligule. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Figs 6E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
); digitate tapering tip of postchaetal lobe diminishing to small protrusion on round edge, present up to parapodium 20, and absent in following ones (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1247FF86BF05F9F4FA780861" box="[1326,1423,1574,1598]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1286,1309]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,545,1279]" captionTargetId="figure-511@7.[151,1436,545,1279]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 6. Comparison of parapodia between two Paraleonnates species. All photographs show posterior views of left parapodia. (A–D) P. uschakovi (a non-type specimen collected from Saemangeum, Korea, 6.0 mm in BW): (A) Parapodium 1; (B) Parapodium 3; (C) Parapodium 67; (D) Parapodium 101. (E–G) P. bolus (a non-type specimen collected from Darwin Harbour, Australia, 5.5 mm in BW): (E) Parapodium 1; (F) Parapodium 3; (G) Parapodium 66. no: notoacicula; ne: neuroacicula; dc: dorsal cirrus; nod: notopodial dorsal ligule; nov: notopodial ventral ligule; nes: neuropodial superior lobe; nei: neuropodial inferior lobe; nep: neuropodial postchaetal lobe; nev: neuropodial ventral ligule; vc: ventral cirrus. Arrows indicate the presence of small lobe above dorsal cirrus on notopodial dorsal ligule. Scale bar: 0.5 mm." pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Neuropodial ventral ligule thick with blunt tip in anterior parapodia, becoming slender in posterior parapodia, of similar length as neuropodial superior and inferior lobes. Ventral cirri slender, tapering, longer than neuropodial ventral ligule in anterior parapodia, gradually diminishing in size in posterior parapodia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF86BAEEF964FA6309F9" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Notochaetae homogomph and sesquigomph spinigers with long, well-serrated blade; few heterogomph spinigers with short, poorly-serrated blades added in upper portion of fascicle of first notopodium (chaetiger 3) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1247FF86BA8AF92CFF000949" box="[161,247,1790,1814]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1058,1081]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1047]" captionTargetId="figure-471@9.[151,1436,181,1047]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Photographs of chaetae of two Paraleonnates species. (A–E) P. uschakovi (a non-type specimen collected from Saemangeum, Korea, 6.0 mm in BW): (A) Homogomph spiniger with long, well-serrated blade in notochaetae of parapodium 4; (B) Heterogomph spiniger with short, poorly-serrated blade in notochaetae of parapodium 4; (C) Sesquigomph spiniger with long, well-serrated blade in upper neurochaetae of parapodium 3; (D) Heterogomph spiniger with long, well-serrated blade in lower neurochaetae of parapodium 101; (E) Heterogomph spiniger with short, poorly-serrated blade in lower neurochaetae of parapodium 101. (F, G) P. bolus (a non-type specimen collected from Darwin Harbour, Australia, 5.5 mm in BW): (F) Heterogomph spiniger with short, poorly-serrated blade in notochaetae of parapodium 3; (G) Heterogomph spiniger with short, poorly-serrated blade in lower neurochaetae of parapodium 3. Scale bar: 0.05 mm." pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Upper neurochaetae consisting of heterogomph spinigers with short, poorly-serrated blades at superior/ anterior portions, and homogomph and sesquigomph spinigers with long, well-serrated blades at inferior/posterior portions. Lower neurochaetae consisting of heterogomph spinigers with long, well-serrated blades at superior/ posterior portions and heterogomph spinigers with short, poorly-serrated blades at inferior/anterior portions (
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1247FF86BF45F8B8FF4909F9" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1058,1081]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,181,1047]" captionTargetId="figure-471@9.[151,1436,181,1047]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 8. Photographs of chaetae of two Paraleonnates species. (A–E) P. uschakovi (a non-type specimen collected from Saemangeum, Korea, 6.0 mm in BW): (A) Homogomph spiniger with long, well-serrated blade in notochaetae of parapodium 4; (B) Heterogomph spiniger with short, poorly-serrated blade in notochaetae of parapodium 4; (C) Sesquigomph spiniger with long, well-serrated blade in upper neurochaetae of parapodium 3; (D) Heterogomph spiniger with long, well-serrated blade in lower neurochaetae of parapodium 101; (E) Heterogomph spiniger with short, poorly-serrated blade in lower neurochaetae of parapodium 101. (F, G) P. bolus (a non-type specimen collected from Darwin Harbour, Australia, 5.5 mm in BW): (F) Heterogomph spiniger with short, poorly-serrated blade in notochaetae of parapodium 3; (G) Heterogomph spiniger with short, poorly-serrated blade in lower neurochaetae of parapodium 3. Scale bar: 0.05 mm." pageId="10" pageNumber="59">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
|
||
); short blade of heterogomph spinigers with only few teeth at base of lateral side. Falcigers absent throughout.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="21EF65241247FF87BAEEF861FCCA0FAB" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1247FF87BAEEF861FAF20F43" blockId="10.[151,1436,638,2030]" lastBlockId="11.[153,1436,151,500]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="60" pageId="10" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1247FF86BAEEF861FECE0994" bold="true" box="[197,313,1971,1995]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Characteristics of non-type specimen examined in the present study were in good agreement with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D644B5E1247FF86BAB2F804FE1409B1" author="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A." box="[153,483,2006,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="47 - 62" refId="ref7878" refString="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A. (1991) The Nereididae (Polychaeta) from Australia - Leonnates, Platynereis and Solomononereis. Records of the Australian Museum, 43, 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1991">Hutchings and Reid’s (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
original description and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D644B5E1247FF86B92CF804FBFC09B1" author="Qiu, J. W. & Qian, P. Y." box="[775,1035,2006,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" pagination="1111 - 1146" refId="ref8508" refString="Qiu, J. W. & Qian, P. Y. (2000) Revision of the genus Leonnates Kinberg, 1866 (Polychaeta: Nereididae), with descriptions and comments on other species described in Leonnates. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 113, 1111 - 1146." type="journal article" year="2000">Qiu and Qian’s (2000)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
redescription of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64E880D1247FF86BED5F804FA9409B1" box="[1278,1379,2006,2030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="59" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
. The presence of heterogomph spinigers with short, poorly-serrated blades even in notopodia was first recorded in the present study, although their occurrence in neuropodia was adequately reported previously by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D644B5E1246FF87BE96FF6EFF100EA8" author="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A." pageId="11" pageNumber="60" pagination="47 - 62" refId="ref7878" refString="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A. (1991) The Nereididae (Polychaeta) from Australia - Leonnates, Platynereis and Solomononereis. Records of the Australian Museum, 43, 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1991">Hutchings and Reid (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0D644B5E1246FF87BADEFF0DFDC70EA8" author="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A." box="[245,560,223,247]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" pagination="47 - 62" refId="ref7878" refString="Hutchings, P. & Reid, A. (1991) The Nereididae (Polychaeta) from Australia - Leonnates, Platynereis and Solomononereis. Records of the Australian Museum, 43, 47 - 62." type="journal article" year="1991">Hutchings and Reid (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described the presence of unusual heterogomph falcigers among the lower neurochaetae of parapodium
|
||
<quantity id="AE0D9B4A1246FF87BBF5FED6FDFE0F43" box="[478,521,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
|
||
one of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="B64E880D1246FF87B8ACFED6FD010F43" box="[647,758,260,284]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
. No falciger was observed in the present study.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1246FF87BAEEFEF5FD560FF3" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,500]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
|
||
Notopodial dorsal ligules in posterior parapodia of the non-type specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF54D2C1246FF87BE18FEFAFAED0F1F" authorityName=": Qiu and Qian, 2000: 1142 -" authorityYear="1143" box="[1075,1306,296,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Paraleonnates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="bolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1246FF87BE18FEFAFAED0F1F" box="[1075,1306,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Paraleonnates bolus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were more expanded than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF54D2C1246FF87BB86FE9FFDCC0F3B" authorityName="Khlebovich and Wu" authorityYear="1962" box="[429,571,332,356]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Paraleonnates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1246FF87BB86FE9FFDCC0F3B" box="[429,571,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">P. uschakovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and their enlargement associated with development of an additional small lobe above dorsal cirri was shown to be initiated from more anterior parapodium (around parapodium 30) than those in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AEF54D2C1246FF87BAD3FE47FE740FF3" authorityName="Khlebovich and Wu" authorityYear="1962" box="[248,387,404,428]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Paraleonnates" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="uschakovi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1246FF87BAD3FE47FE740FF3" box="[248,387,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">P. uschakovi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(around parapodium 70).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1246FF87BAEEFE65FDE80F90" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,500]" box="[197,543,439,464]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1246FF87BAEEFE65FEDF0F8F" bold="true" box="[197,296,439,464]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" reason="1">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Mangrove substrates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="694A36AF1246FF87BAEEFE09FCCA0FAB" blockId="11.[153,1436,151,500]" box="[197,829,475,500]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="5B81EABD1246FF87BAEEFE09FDF50FAB" bold="true" box="[197,514,475,500]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" reason="1">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="11E2763F1246FF87B85EFE0EFD2B0FAB" box="[629,732,476,500]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="F1CE2A2A1246FF87B8C0FE0EFCDB0FAB" box="[747,812,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1878,1901]" captionTargetBox="[165,1417,710,1853]" captionTargetId="figure-302@1.[151,1436,695,1864]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution of three species of the genus Paraleonnates: P. uschakovi, P.bolus, and P. tenuipalpa. 1–7: collection sites of P. uschakovi in the present study; 1: Ganghwa-do Island; 2: Incheon; 3:Saemangeum tidal flats in Buan-Gun; 4: Suncheon Bay; 5: Zhoushan; 6: Siangshan; 7: Ranon. a-e: localities previously known; a: Paik, 1977; b: Khlebovich and Wu, 1962; c: Wu et al., 1985; d: Pflugfelder, 1933; e: Hutchings and Reid, 1991. Wallace’s Line dividing P.bolus from the other two species is indicated as a dotted line." pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |