223 lines
25 KiB
XML
223 lines
25 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="09155B22560E522482367B943CB59D99">Cercopithecidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A0992DE4AFBD5339221DDE9FCA91D089">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="00C5FAC3B764982C9B0E1E024FF295F2">Anthony B. Rylands</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="52D531146DE34F6C695E18C005D31F14">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:publisher id="CE5244C725A579C69ED87D6D278C5665">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:title id="EF2CB69890CFECDD7F284F71D4D92611">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates</mods:title>
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<treatment id="CE199B17FF91FF94FAC16769F665F41F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6863349" ID-GBIF-Taxon="197824655" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6863349" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CE199B17FF91FF94FAC16769F665F41F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CE199B17FF91FF94FAC16769F665F41F" lastPageNumber="708" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC16769FA65FD5B" box="[1432,1490,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC16769FA65FD5B" blockId="80.[1431,2422,633,758]" box="[1432,1490,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF91FF94FAC16769FA65FD5B" box="[1432,1490,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<figureCitation id="DE8B3684FF91FF94FAC16769FA65FD5B" box="[1432,1490,633,679]" captionStart="Plate 46: Cercopithecidae" captionStartId="77.[99,129,3331,3356]" captionTargetBox="[14,2746,16,3643]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="87. Upper Guinea Red Colobus (Piliocolobus badius), 88. Temminck’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus temmincki), 89. Miss Waldron’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus waldronae), 90. Zanzibar Red Colobus (Piliocolobus kirku), 91. Udzungwa Red Colobus (Piliocolobus gordonorum), 92. Pennant’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus pennantii), 93. Bouvier’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus bouvieri), 94. Niger Delta Red Colobus (Piliocolobus epieni), 95. Preuss’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus preussi), 96. Tana River Red Colobus (Piliocolobus rufomitratus), 97. Semliki Red Colobus (Piliocolobus semlikiensis), 98. Foa’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus foai), 99. Lang’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus langi), 100. Oustalet’s Red Colobus (Piliocolobus oustaleti), 101. Lomami Red Colobus (Piliocolobus parmentieri), 102. Ashy Red Colobus (Piliocolobus tephrosceles), 103. Tshuapa Red Colobus (Piliocolobus tholloni), 104. Olive Colobus (Procolobus verus)" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">94.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FABB6769F85AFD5B" box="[1506,2029,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FABB6769F85AFD5B" blockId="80.[1431,2422,633,758]" box="[1506,2029,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF91FF94FABB6769F85AFD5B" box="[1506,2029,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF91FF94FABB6769F85AFD5B" box="[1506,2029,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Niger Delta Red Colobus</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94F7696769F6C2FD5B" box="[2096,2421,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94F7696769F6C2FD5B" blockId="80.[1431,2422,633,758]" box="[2096,2421,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF91FF94F7696769F6C2FD5B" box="[2096,2421,633,679]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F7696769F6C2FD5B" ID-CoL="4HTQL" baseAuthorityName="Grubb & Powell" baseAuthorityYear="1999" box="[2096,2421,633,679]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="epieni">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94F7696769F6C2FD5B" box="[2096,2421,633,679]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Piliocolobus epieni</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC167A9F8E5FD0A" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC167A9F69CFD32" blockId="80.[1431,2422,633,758]" box="[1432,2347,697,718]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF91FF94FAC167A9F69CFD32" box="[1432,2347,697,718]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC167A9FA52FD32" bold="true" box="[1432,1509,697,718]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF91FF94FAB767A9F9C2FD32" box="[1518,1653,697,718]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Colobe epieni</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94F9D267A9F951FD32" bold="true" box="[1675,1766,697,718]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF91FF94F9A967A9F868FD32" box="[1776,2015,697,718]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Nigerdelta-Stummelaffe</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94F8AD67A9F7F8FD32" bold="true" box="[2036,2127,697,718]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF91FF94F70167A9F69CFD32" box="[2136,2347,697,718]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Colobo rojo del Niger</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC167F1F8E5FD0A" blockId="80.[1431,2422,633,758]" box="[1432,1874,737,758]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<heading id="1D479D6DFF91FF94FAC167F1F8E5FD0A" box="[1432,1874,737,758]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC167F1F938FD0A" bold="true" box="[1432,1679,737,758]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="C8B35A2FFF91FF94F9C067F1F8E5FD0A" box="[1689,1874,737,758]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Delta Red Colobus</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94F7596632F76FFC97" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94F7596632F76FFC97" blockId="80.[2048,2636,802,1230]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94F7596632F72CFCBF" bold="true" box="[2048,2203,802,835]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F7F26632F764FC97" authority="Grubb & Powell, 1999" authorityName="Grubb & Powell" authorityYear="1999" baseAuthorityName="Kerr" baseAuthorityYear="1792" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="badius" subSpecies="epieni">Procolobus badius epieni Grubb & Powell, 1999</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94F7BD6642F6EAFBF5" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94F7BD6642F6EAFBF5" blockId="80.[2048,2636,802,1230]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<materialsCitation id="F6D8205CFF91FF94F7BD6642F6EAFBF5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3864421397" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Nigeria, Sampou-Apoi, 4° 55’ N, 6° 00" E, 12 km SW of the junction of Sagbama and Egbedi Creeks, Niger Delta, Southern jaw Local Government camp area, Bayelsa State.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94F75B6103F8EDFAB8" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94F75B6103F8EDFAB8" blockId="80.[2048,2636,802,1230]" lastBlockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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Modern taxonomic arrangements of the colobus monkeys either divide the red colobus and the Olive
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F60A614EF671FB83" box="[2387,2502,1118,1151]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
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into two genera,
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F72F619DF6BDFB5A" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[2166,2314,1165,1190]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Piliocolobus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F60A619DF66FFB5A" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[2387,2520,1165,1190]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Procolobus</taxonomicName>
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, respectively, or consider them to belong to one genus,
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94FAA561C4F936FB09" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[1532,1665,1236,1269]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Procolobus</taxonomicName>
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, with two subgenera (
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F8ED61C4F78CFB09" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[1972,2107,1236,1269]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Procolobus</taxonomicName>
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for the Olive
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F7A761C4F6C7FB09" box="[2302,2416,1236,1269]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F6E061C4F5FAFB09" authorityName="Rochebrune" authorityYear="1877" box="[2489,2637,1236,1269]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Piliocolobus</taxonomicName>
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for the red colobus). We follow here C. P. Groves in his publications of 2001 and 2007 in using two genera. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC1605AF9EEFA1E" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="distribution">
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<caption id="12CF7A89FF91FF94FAC1605AF9EEFA1E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6867289" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6867289" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6867289/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" targetBox="[1435,2017,814,1222]" targetPageId="80">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC1605AF9EEFA1E" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC1605AF9FFFA97" bold="true" box="[1432,1608,1354,1387]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Distribution.</emphasis>
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S Nigeria, apparently confined to the W part of
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F7B6605AF6C4FA97" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[2287,2419,1354,1387]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">the Niger</taxonomicName>
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Delta, between the Forcados-Nikrogha Creek and the Sagbama-Osiama-Agboi Creek (approximately the area S of 5° 09° N and W of 6° 07’ E); it may also occur sporadically farther E (almost to 7° E).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC060F8F71FF86F" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="description">
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<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC060F8F71FF86F" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
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<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC060F8F924F9F5" bold="true" box="[1433,1683,1512,1545]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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There are no measurements available.
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F79260F8F6E9F9F5" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[2251,2398,1512,1545]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">The Niger</taxonomicName>
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Delta Red
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F55B60F8FA7FF9CC" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
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is similar to Pennant’s Red
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F83E6303F86EF9CC" box="[1895,2009,1555,1584]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
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(PF.
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F7416303F722F9CC" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[2072,2197,1555,1584]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennantii">pennantii</taxonomicName>
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) in having a black crown and a banded, black, and orange mantle, but whitish tone on underparts extends onto outer sides of arms, restricting orange-brown to a narrow band on trailing edges of outer arms or even completely excluding these tones. Black of hands and feet does not extend up the limbs. Tail is dark red-brown above, with a median dark brown dorsal band, chestnut or maroon below, terminal one-third to two-thirds of the tail becoming black-brown. There are patches of white on shoulders and cheeks, and black hairs over ears
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94FA806233F963F8B8" box="[1497,1748,1827,1860]" form="conspicuous" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="form">form conspicuous</taxonomicName>
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whorls. In mtDNA, a specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F7E16233F68AF8B8" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[2232,2365,1827,1860]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">the Niger</taxonomicName>
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Delta Red
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<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F6806233F5FCF8B8" box="[2521,2635,1827,1860]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
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seems to belong with East and Central African species, rather than with other West African species; its vocalizations follow a similar pattern.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC0628AF97EF847" box="[1433,1737,1946,1979]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC0628AF97EF847" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" box="[1433,1737,1946,1979]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC0628AF9BFF847" bold="true" box="[1433,1544,1946,1979]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Marsh forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC062D1F720F7CD" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC062D1F720F7CD" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC062D1F915F81E" bold="true" box="[1433,1698,1985,2018]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Young leaves, leaf buds, and terminal parts of stems make up the majority of the diet of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F98662F8F8D2F7F5" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[1759,1893,2024,2057]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">the Niger</taxonomicName>
|
||
Delta Red
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F75062F8F7C9F7F5" box="[2057,2174,2024,2057]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Other important food items include seeds, flowers and flower buds, and leaf petioles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC36D27F753F732" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC36D27F753F732" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC36D27F997F7A4" bold="true" box="[1434,1568,2103,2136]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F9B76D27F88AF7A4" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[1774,1853,2103,2136]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">Niger</taxonomicName>
|
||
Delta Red
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F8876D27F7E7F7A4" box="[2014,2128,2103,2136]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
||
develop swellings during the periovulatory period that are 12 cm long and 10 cm wide. Mating occurs throughout the year but most frequently during the rainy season in April-July. Small infants are seen most frequently during the dry season in December-March.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC16DC4F8A9F6B9" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC16DC4F8A9F6B9" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC16DC4F934F709" bold="true" box="[1432,1667,2260,2293]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F9D76DC4F96AF709" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[1678,1757,2260,2293]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">Niger</taxonomicName>
|
||
Delta Red
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F8236DC4F85BF709" box="[1914,2028,2260,2293]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
||
are diurnal and arboreal. In a study byJ. L. R. Werre, they spent 36% of their time feeding, 33% resting, 25% traveling, and 6% engaging in social behavior.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC36C5AF618F61D" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC36C5AF618F61D" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC36C5AF7E7F697" bold="true" box="[1434,2128,2378,2411]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
Daily movements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F62E6C5AF64CF697" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[2423,2555,2378,2411]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">the Niger</taxonomicName>
|
||
Delta Red
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94FA876C6AF9E7F66F" box="[1502,1616,2426,2451]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
||
are 450-1900 m, and home range is 73 ha. Groups contain 15-80 individuals, with multiple adult males and females. Females groom most frequently, and male grooming is typically directed toward females with perineal swellings.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC26CF8F726F46F" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC26CF8F726F46F" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC26CF8F94BF5F5" bold="true" box="[1435,1788,2536,2569]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Critically Endangered on The IUCN Red List (as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F99E6F1FF867F5CC" baseAuthorityName="Waterhouse" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[1735,2000,2575,2608]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Procolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pennantii">Procolobus pennantii</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F8816F1FF790F5CC" authorityName="Grubb & Powell" authorityYear="1999" box="[2008,2087,2575,2608]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Piliocolobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="epieni">epieni</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F7676F1FF778F5CC" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[2110,2255,2575,2608]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">The Niger</taxonomicName>
|
||
Delta Red Colobusis listed as Class B in the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. It was only discovered in 1993 and was quite common within its limited distribution in the mid-1990s. More recent reports suggest rapid declines as a result of heavy hunting, compounded by habitat degradation. Artisanal-scale logging has seriously degraded the habitat, removing in the process many important food trees such as Hallea ledermannii (Rubiacae).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F84B6FEBF815F4E0" authorityName="Desmarest" authorityYear="1822" box="[1810,1954,2811,2844]" genus="The" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" rank="species" species="niger">The Niger</taxonomicName>
|
||
Delta Red
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81B05182FF91FF94F7676FEBF707F4E0" box="[2110,2224,2811,2844]" class="Mammalia" family="Cercopithecidae" genus="Colobus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Colobus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not found in any protected areas, although it does occur in the proposed Apoi Creek Forest Reserve. Protection of its remaining habitat is an urgent priority, although civil conflict has been a hindrance to the implementation of effective conservation plans.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0EAA798AFF91FF94FAC56EB2F665F41F" pageId="80" pageNumber="708" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="460F2A01FF91FF94FAC56EB2F665F41F" blockId="80.[1432,2640,1236,3043]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">
|
||
<emphasis id="74C4F613FF91FF94FAC56EB2F981F447" bold="true" box="[1436,1590,2978,3003]" pageId="80" pageNumber="708">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Groves (2001, 2007b), Grubb & Powell (1999), Grubb, Butynski et al. (2003), Grubb, Oates et al. (2000), Oates (1994b, 2011), Struhsaker (2010), Ting (2008), Werre (2000), Werre & Powell (1997).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |