208 lines
24 KiB
XML
208 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="4DAF08065F78A2B67B65E3B169762C3F" ID-CLB-Dataset="58516" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.6512484" ID-GBIF-Dataset="67b52095-db4b-43f8-a661-4aced0511111" ID-ISBN="978-84-96553-77-4" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512484" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1651524980884" checkinUser="conny" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2011" docId="03F5071399C5FF7F0677F6B2FC36FAD8" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_2_Bovidae_0444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Philantomba melanorhea" docType="treatment" docVersion="17" lastPageNumber="714" masterDocId="FFCC7F6B994BFFF00316FF82FFEDFF81" masterDocTitle="Bovidae" masterLastPageNumber="779" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="713" updateTime="1699330398010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="BD7378C22B4736C685FB59ED3D7C7106">
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<mods:title id="9C502E26BD73D4E1B3BE2B57055117AC">Bovidae</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3201A4FD572644CBE8B599E8B2B8D98F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D8BF80185FC03184EA374460356D2D42">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D2975555228D7BC6A901708780B80D9A">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="14C555486A2C96840BDFDFE923FC1BE8">2011</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="458C5C18D64116407A03FFC7349FAF22" type="pubDate">2011-08-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="F890DD7BD69035FA54C5A9F52D3C350F">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="703BD900E49C3E85B84EA016B39390F5">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:titleInfo id="A9319EAA7DF0699FFB8F4571C7600375">
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<mods:title id="AC172316CAAEFF10EBDE88BFA77F3A44">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 2 Hoofed Mammals</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="C82743DAD15585DF9B052471A8195699">
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<mods:identifier id="26D3490F64BD21CDDBC71A96FDF8BE2D" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.6512484</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7EF096FEB8972FABF3DC85084AC8EA93" type="ISBN">978-84-96553-77-4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F5071399C5FF7F0677F6B2FC36FAD8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6773154" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195659328" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6773154" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5071399C5FF7F0677F6B2FC36FAD8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5071399C5FF7F0677F6B2FC36FAD8" lastPageId="143" lastPageNumber="714" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7E0677F6B2FA5EF6DB" box="[1377,1459,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E0677F6B2FA5EF6DB" blockId="142.[1375,2382,2352,2437]" box="[1377,1459,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<heading id="D0AB016999C5FF7E0677F6B2FA5EF6DB" box="[1377,1459,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<figureCitation id="1367AA8099C5FF7E0677F6B2FA5EF6DB" box="[1377,1459,2352,2394]" captionStart="Plate 51: Bovidae" captionStartId="142.[106,136,3389,3414]" captionTargetBox="[14,2769,14,3636]" captionTargetPageId="141" captionText="233. Western Blue Duiker (Philantomba congica), 234. Bioko Blue Duiker (Philantomba melanorhea), 235. Eastern Blue Duiker (Philantomba aequatorialis), 236. Mountain Blue Duiker (Philantomba lugens), 237. Simpson’s Blue Duiker (Philantomba simpsoni), 238. Malawi Blue Duiker (Philantomba hecki), 239. Zimbabwe Blue Duiker (Philantomba bicolor), 240. Cape Blue Duiker (Philantomba monticola), 241. Angolan Blue Duiker (Philantomba anchietae), 242. Zambian Blue Duiker (Philantomba defries)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512969" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512969/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">234.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7E06D2F6B2F8A5F6DB" box="[1476,1864,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E06D2F6B2F8A5F6DB" blockId="142.[1375,2382,2352,2437]" box="[1476,1864,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<heading id="D0AB016999C5FF7E06D2F6B2F8A5F6DB" box="[1476,1864,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99C5FF7E06D2F6B2F8A5F6DB" box="[1476,1864,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Bioko Blue Duiker</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7E046FF6B2F6A3F6DB" box="[1913,2382,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E046FF6B2F6A3F6DB" blockId="142.[1375,2382,2352,2437]" box="[1913,2382,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<heading id="D0AB016999C5FF7E046FF6B2F6A3F6DB" box="[1913,2382,2352,2394]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E046FF6B2F6A3F6DB" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[1913,2382,2352,2394]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanorhea">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799C5FF7E046FF6B2F6A3F6DB" box="[1913,2382,2352,2394]" italics="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Philantomba melanorhea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7E0676F6E9F6A4F601" box="[1376,2377,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="vernacular_names">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E0676F6E9F6A4F601" blockId="142.[1375,2382,2352,2437]" box="[1376,2377,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<heading id="D0AB016999C5FF7E0676F6E9F6A4F601" box="[1376,2377,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799C5FF7E0676F6E9FA40F601" bold="true" box="[1376,1453,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99C5FF7E06A0F6E9F966F601" box="[1462,1675,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Céphalophe de Bioko</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799C5FF7E0589F6E9F917F601" bold="true" box="[1695,1786,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99C5FF7E0412F6E9F85CF601" box="[1796,1969,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Bioko-Blauducker</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799C5FF7E04D3F6E9F7CDF601" bold="true" box="[1989,2080,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055FC62B99C5FF7E0B3CF6E9F784F601" box="[2090,2153,2411,2432]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Duiker</vernacularName>
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azul de
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599C5FF7E0BA9F6E9F6A4F601" box="[2239,2377,2411,2432]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Fernando Poo</collectingCountry>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7E04D0F633F7FDF677" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E04D0F633F7FDF677" blockId="142.[1990,2577,2481,2903]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799C5FF7E04D0F633F78CF64F" bold="true" box="[1990,2145,2481,2510]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E0B65F633F7E6F677" authority="Gray, 1846" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1846" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Cephalophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanorheus">Cephalophus melanorheus Gray, 1846</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7E0B0DF65FF73AF677" box="[2075,2263,2525,2550]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E0B0DF65FF73AF677" blockId="142.[1990,2577,2481,2903]" box="[2075,2263,2525,2550]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<materialsCitation id="3B34BC5899C5FF7E0B0DF65FF73AF677" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3785198459" box="[2075,2263,2525,2550]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599C5FF7E0B0DF65FF73EF677" box="[2075,2259,2525,2550]" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Fernando Po</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7E04D1F67EF74FF53B" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E04D1F67EF74FF53B" blockId="142.[1990,2577,2481,2903]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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Formerly considered a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E0AEFF67EF7AEF5C5" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">P. monticola</taxonomicName>
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. Historically, the Bioko Blue Duiker also encompassed the mainland populations of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E0B8DF5F0F6B0F512" baseAuthorityName="Matschie" baseAuthorityYear="1892" box="[2203,2397,2674,2707]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequatorialis">P. aequatorialis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E0AB4F5F0F815F53B" baseAuthorityName="Bocage" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anchietae">P. anchietae</taxonomicName>
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. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7E04D1F54AF787F488" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF23E68D99C5FF7E04D1F54AF787F488" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512823" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512823" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512823/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" targetBox="[1374,1967,2488,2904]" targetPageId="142">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E04D1F54AF787F488" blockId="142.[1990,2577,2481,2903]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799C5FF7E04D1F54AF79BF560" bold="true" box="[1991,2166,2760,2785]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Endemic to Bioko I,
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599C5FF7E0AB2F54AF788F488" name="Equatorial Guinea" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Equatorial Guinea</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C5FF7F04D1F48DFC3DFE2B" lastPageId="143" lastPageNumber="714" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7F04D1F48DFC3DFE2B" blockId="142.[1990,2577,2481,2903]" lastBlockId="143.[203,1408,274,1372]" lastPageId="143" lastPageNumber="714" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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<emphasis id="B9286A1799C5FF7E04D1F48DF72CF4B1" bold="true" box="[1991,2241,2831,2864]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 50-59 cm, tail 6-10 cm, ear 4.3-5.
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<quantity id="4CA41BE099C5FF7E0A05F4BCF6B6F4D6" box="[2323,2395,2878,2903]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" unit="cm" value="3.0">3 cm</quantity>
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; weight 3.9-5 kg. No specific body weights have been made apart from average weights (collected from animals studied in bushmeat markets); based on skull characteristics, general size is smaller than the Western Blue Duiker (P. congica). Pelage is long and thick; the overall color is gray-brown, with a distinctly dark dorsal surface (approaching black). The flanks are pinkish-gray and the underparts whitish. The black of the dorsum spreads laterally at the tail base to form a horizontal band. This band blends gradually into the brown pelage dorsally and cranially, but forms a line of sharp contrast with the pale hips, which may be almost white at the line of demarcation. The dorsal surface of the tail is black and its underside is white. The front legs and lower hindlegs are the same color as the body. Reversal of hair tracts on the nape of the neck occurs in 75% of specimens. The face is similar in color to the body; there is minimal contrast between cheeks and mid-facial region. Horns are present in both sexes. Despite the small body size, the horns are relatively long, averaging 4-31 cm in males and 3-35 cm in females. Dental formula is 10/3, C 0/1, P 5/3. M 3/38 (2) = 332.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF23E68D99C5FF7E037CF2BFF71FF2FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6512969" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6512969" captionStart="51" captionText="233. Western Blue Duiker (Philantomba congica), 234. Bioko Blue Duiker (Philantomba melanorhea), 235. Eastern Blue Duiker (Philantomba aequatorialis), 236. Mountain Blue Duiker (Philantomba lugens), 237. Simpson’s Blue Duiker (Philantomba simpsoni), 238. Malawi Blue Duiker (Philantomba hecki), 239. Zimbabwe Blue Duiker (Philantomba bicolor), 240. Cape Blue Duiker (Philantomba monticola), 241. Angolan Blue Duiker (Philantomba anchietae), 242. Zambian Blue Duiker (Philantomba defries), 243. Banded Duiker (Cephalophus zebra), 244. Western Bay Duiker (Cephalophus dorsalis), 245. Eastern Bay Duiker (Cephalophus castaneus), 246. Jentink’s Duiker (Cephalophus jentinki), 247. Western Yellow-backed Duiker (Cephalophus silvicultor), 248. Eastern Yellow-backed Duiker (Cephalophus curticeps), 249. Abbott's Duiker (Cephalophus spadix), 250. Black Duiker (Cephalophus niger), 251. Ogilby’s Duiker (Cephalophus ogilbyi), 252. White-legged Duiker (Cephalophus crusalbum)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6512969/files/figure.png" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" startId="142.[106,136,3389,3414]" targetBox="[14,2769,14,3636]" targetPageId="141">
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<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C5FF7E037CF2BFF71FF2FF" blockId="142.[104,2544,3389,3460]" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">
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On following pages: 235. Eastern Blue Duiker (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E017BF2BFFD19F2D7" box="[621,756,3389,3414]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Philantomba</taxonomicName>
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aequatorialis); 236. Mountain Blue Duiker (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E07C6F2BFFABAF2D7" box="[1232,1367,3389,3414]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Philantomba</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E0649F2BFFA4BF2D7" baseAuthorityName="Thomas" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[1375,1446,3389,3414]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lugens">lugens</taxonomicName>
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); 237. Simpson's Blue Duiker (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E05ECF2BFF806F2D7" box="[1786,2027,3389,3414]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="simpson">Philantomba simpson</taxonomicName>
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); 238.
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599C5FF7E0B2FF2BFF768F2D7" box="[2105,2181,3389,3414]" name="Malawi" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Malawi</collectingCountry>
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Blue Duiker (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E0A0BF2BFF649F2D7" box="[2333,2468,3389,3414]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Philantomba</taxonomicName>
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heck), 239.
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<collectingCountry id="F34BF69599C5FF7E03B6F2EBFEFFF2FF" box="[160,274,3433,3454]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="142" pageNumber="713">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
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Blue Duiker (
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<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E02BCF2EBFD6CF2FF" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[426,641,3433,3454]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="757" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">Philantomba bicolor</taxonomicName>
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); 240. Cape Blue Duiker (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E008DF2EBFB79F2FF" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[923,1172,3433,3454]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">Philantomba monticola</taxonomicName>
|
||
); 241. Angolan Blue Duiker (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E06C6F2EBF9BBF2FF" box="[1488,1622,3433,3454]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Philantomba</taxonomicName>
|
||
anchietae); 242. Zambian Blue Duiker (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C5FF7E0B1EF2EBF762F2FF" box="[2056,2191,3433,3454]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="142" pageNumber="713" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Philantomba</taxonomicName>
|
||
defriesi).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C4FF7F03DBFE32FE78FDF1" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C4FF7F03DBFE32FE78FDF1" blockId="143.[203,1408,274,1372]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799C4FF7F03DBFE32FED3FE50" bold="true" box="[205,318,432,465]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
Bioko Blue Duikers inhabit a wide variety of forest habitats across Bioko Island, including primary and secondary forest and forest edges. The distribution encompasses elevations up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CA41BE099C4FF7F019DFE7CFD14FD9E" box="[651,761,510,543]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</quantity>
|
||
. This species currently occupies 70-90% of Bioko Island, and it is often found nearvillages. Average density across the island is 22-6 ind/km?®.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C4FF7F03DBFDFAFB96FD3C" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C4FF7F03DBFDFAFB96FD3C" blockId="143.[203,1408,274,1372]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799C4FF7F03DBFDFAFE3FFD14" bold="true" box="[205,466,632,661]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information available for this species, but presumably frugivorous like other Central African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C4FF7F0075FD22FBE8FD3C" box="[867,1029,672,701]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Philantomba</taxonomicName>
|
||
duikers.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C4FF7F03DBFD41FC28FC8D" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C4FF7F03DBFD41FC28FC8D" blockId="143.[203,1408,274,1372]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799C4FF7F03DBFD41FEBEFD65" bold="true" box="[205,339,707,740]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information available for this species, but likely similar to the Western Blue Duiker on the adjacent mainland.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C4FF7F03DAFC93FE59FCDA" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C4FF7F03DAFC93FE59FCDA" blockId="143.[203,1408,274,1372]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799C4FF7F03DAFC93FE55FCB3" bold="true" box="[204,440,785,818]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no specific information available for this species, but presumably diurnal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C4FF7F03DBFCE2FAD0FC76" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C4FF7F03DBFCE2FAD0FC76" blockId="143.[203,1408,274,1372]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799C4FF7F03DBFCE2FC6EFC00" bold="true" box="[205,899,864,897]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
There is very little specific information available for this species. Field sightings are typically of individuals or pairs. Bioko Blue Duikers are easily recognized in the field by the flashes of white from the underside of the tail; this duiker rapidly flicks its tail up and down while moving and foraging.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C4FF7F03DBFC7CFC56FA8B" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C4FF7F03DBFC7CFC56FA8B" blockId="143.[203,1408,274,1372]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799C4FF7F03DBFC7CFDC1FB9E" bold="true" box="[205,556,1022,1055]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix II (under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C4FF7F00D2FC7CFB8AFB9E" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[964,1127,1022,1055]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">P. monticola</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List (combined with the other nine blue duiker species within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C4FF7F027AFBCEFDE6FBEC" baseAuthorityName="Thunberg" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[364,523,1100,1133]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Philantomba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="monticola">P. monticola</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex). Locally common in protected areas (especially in Pico Basilé and Gran Caldera de Luba), Bioko Blue Duikers are intensively hunted for meat, accounting for an average of 29-33% ofcarcasses in Bioko bushmeat markets. It is the second most common species hunted after Forest Giant Pouched Rat (Cricetomys emini). Overhunting is the principal threat to survival.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C346E58E99C4FF7F03DBFA9AFC36FAD8" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3B60599C4FF7F03DBFA9AFC36FAD8" blockId="143.[203,1408,274,1372]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9286A1799C4FF7F03DBFA9AFE8AFAB0" bold="true" box="[205,359,1304,1329]" pageId="143" pageNumber="714">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Albrechtsen et al. (2006), Butynski et al. (2001), East (1999), Fa et al. (1995), Grubb & Groves (2001), IUCN/SSC
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5CCD8699C4FF7F0281FAC2FD84FAD8" authority="Specialist" authorityName="Specialist" box="[407,617,1344,1369]" class="Mammalia" family="Bovidae" genus="Antelope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Artiodactyla" pageId="143" pageNumber="714" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Antelope Specialist</taxonomicName>
|
||
Group (2008as), Lydekker (1914).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |