238 lines
34 KiB
XML
238 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="F16001BF9BD37124A3A67F2F9FA41595" ID-DOI="10.15298/rusentj.28.4.09" ID-ISSN="0132-8069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13164611" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1722580216566" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Khalaim, A. I." docDate="2019" docId="C70DCA2FFFF9FFD0FE8AFE0D9E3DFE59" docLanguage="en" docName="RussEntomolJ.28.4.400-420.pdf" docOrigin="Russian Entomological Journal 28 (4)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.15298/rusentj.28.4.09" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0D5BAC5AA0C130B3809AF578A601D837.2:RussEntomolJ.2019-.journal_article" docStyleId="0D5BAC5AA0C130B3809AF578A601D837" docStyleName="RussEntomolJ.2019-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Phradis Forster 1869" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="409" masterDocId="3B34B257FFFCFFD9FD3FFF8D9A5FFFE2" masterDocTitle="Illustrated catalogue of North American species of Ctenophion Horstmann and Phradis Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae)" masterLastPageNumber="420" masterPageNumber="400" pageNumber="405" updateTime="1722583841865" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="162E94FF4CEF33CDD82DF83B67CE5B2D">Illustrated catalogue of North American species of Ctenophion Horstmann and Phradis Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E68F41E8A6F1409EEDE3616456BD67A7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="876CE6DD2B3E1CE8DF79830202B099F6">Khalaim, A. I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2B06A9A91A4CBBAE3DE57A860DF0C0A0">Russian Entomological Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="B867D5A8441FE78990853A31C490FD5D">
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<mods:date id="A1DF9D46663252CC2E0E20011E3ABCE6">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4415AC7572444424C65B181C2EA9E100">2019-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9731DA58F94DBFD937047384FE2859FC" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="E77A17ED764DE528DFC5DECE10FE49B0">28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D513ADA5296B1800773BB6BBFBCBCCBC">4</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="D4030AE6BDDB77CD9D8221E3939E7183">400</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="A321B75F4148673C74E96DEC3167731A">420</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="5A78EEC0D3C4428897C797FDFF2064F5">http://dx.doi.org/10.15298/rusentj.28.4.09</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="C38B5D805F65020E53C099860D58724A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="74EA829FE7AF55FB7CEF82C7FCE6EC4C" type="DOI">10.15298/rusentj.28.4.09</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="25B7CBF2B59D6EFCF2164BC06EFADB2D" type="ISSN">0132-8069</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="03A0A3BF3B4EA84ED3C06DC708B18A9E" type="Zenodo-Dep">13164611</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C70DCA2FFFF9FFD0FE8AFE0D9E3DFE59" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C70DCA2FFFF9FFD0FE8AFE0D9E3DFE59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C70DCA2FFFF9FFD0FE8AFE0D9E3DFE59" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">
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<subSubSection id="07BE28B2FFF9FFDCFE8AFE0D9EB3FE7A" box="[949,1260,384,408]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF9FFDCFE8AFE0D9EB3FE7A" blockId="5.[812,1398,384,547]" box="[949,1260,384,408]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">
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<heading id="1453CC55FFF9FFDCFE8AFE0D9EB3FE7A" box="[949,1260,384,408]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" reason="2">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF9FFDCF93EFE0D9EB3FE7A" ID-CoL="6P65" ID-ENA="495452" authority="Forster, 1869" authorityName="Forster" authorityYear="1869" box="[1025,1260,384,408]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF9FFDCF93EFE0D9E0AFE7A" box="[1025,1109,384,408]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">Phradis</emphasis>
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Förster, 1869
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="07BE28B2FFF9FFDCFE6DFE289F35FE5A" box="[850,1386,421,440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF9FFDCFE6DFE289F35FE5A" blockId="5.[812,1398,384,547]" box="[850,1386,421,440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">
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<typeStatus id="901FC59BFFF9FFDCFE6DFE289921FE5A" box="[850,894,421,440]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF9FFDCFEEDFE289F39FE5A" authority="Brischke, 1880" authorityName="Brischke" authorityYear="1880" box="[978,1382,421,440]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Thersilochus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevis" subGenus="Phradis">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF9FFDCFEEDFE289E1EFE5A" box="[978,1089,421,440]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">Thersilochus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF9FFDCF96FFE289ECBFE5A" box="[1104,1172,421,440]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">Phradis</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF9FFDCF99CFE289E88FE5A" box="[1187,1239,421,440]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">brevis</emphasis>
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Brischke, 1880
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="07BE28B2FFF9FFD0FE6DFE309E3DFE59" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF9FFDCFE6DFE309F56FDC0" blockId="5.[812,1398,384,547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">
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DESCRIPTION. Small and medium sized species with body length usually between 2.5 and 4.0 mm, thought largest species of the genus, e.g.
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF9FFDCFEF6FE7E9E9AFDEA" authority="(Holmgren, 1860)" baseAuthorityName="Holmgren" baseAuthorityYear="1860" box="[969,1221,498,520]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gibbus">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF9FFDCFEF6FE7E9E40FDE5" box="[969,1055,498,520]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">P. gibbus</emphasis>
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(Holmgren, 1860)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF9FFDCF9CFFE7E99E9FDC0" authority="Khalaim, 2007" authorityName="Khalaim" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longibasalis">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF9FFDCF9CFFE7E9F29FDE5" box="[1264,1398,498,520]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">P. longibasalis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF9FFDCFE13FD8099E9FDC0" author="Khalaim A. I." box="[812,950,525,547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" pagination="101 - 110" refId="ref5249" refString="Khalaim A. I. 2007. First records of Meggoleus, Heterocola and Phradis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae) from the Afrotropical region, with description of four new species // African Invertebrates. Vol. 48. No. 2. P. 101 - 110." type="journal article" year="2007">Khalaim, 2007</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, may have body length over 6.0 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1BDB2BB1FFF9FFDCFDDDF83C99D4F7F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164623" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13164623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164623/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" startId="5.[226,263,1969,1988]" targetBox="[189,1399,587,1902]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF9FFDCFDDDF83C9ED7F83E" blockId="5.[188,1398,1969,2065]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">
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Figs 19–23.
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF9FFDCFC6FF83C9BB0F826" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[336,495,1969,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaceus">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF9FFDCFC6FF83C9BB0F826" box="[336,495,1969,1988]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">Phradis coriaceus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, holotype female: 19 — habitus, lateral view; 20 — head with antennae, lateral view; 21 — head and mesosoma, lateral view; 22 — propodeum, dorsal view; 23 — apex of metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF9FFDCFDDDF86B99D4F7F3" blockId="5.[188,1398,1969,2065]" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">
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Рис. 19–23.
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF9FFDCFC6FF8689BB1F81A" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[336,494,2021,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="405" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaceus">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF9FFDCFC6FF8689BB1F81A" box="[336,494,2021,2040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="405">Phradis coriaceus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, голотип, самка: 19 — габитус, сбоку; 20 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 21 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку; 22 — проподеум, сверху; 23 — верШина метасомы и Яйцеклад, сбоку.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFFAFFD1FDDDFEB69B5BFE65" blockId="6.[189,775,315,497]" lastBlockId="8.[189,775,315,737]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="408" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">
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Head, in dorsal view, usually with gena roundly tapered behind eyes, 0.5–1.1 times as long as eye width. Antennal flagellum filiform or weakly clavate, sometimes very slen- der basally, with 8 to 24 flagellomeres; Nearctic
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFAFFDFFF91FE019BEDFE59" authority="Horstmann, 2013" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFAFFDFFF91FE019AA6FE59" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">P. curvicauda</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFFAFFDFFC3CFE2B9BEDFE59" author="Horstmann K." box="[259,434,422,443]" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" pagination="67 - 92" refId="ref5167" refString="Horstmann K. 2013. Revisions of Nearctic Tersilochinae IV. Genus Phradis Forster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) // Spixiana. Bd. 36. H. 1. P. 67 - 92." type="journal article" year="2013">Horstmann, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="D79F67BCFFFAFFDFFCFBFE2B984FFE5E" box="[452,528,422,444]" captionStart="Figs 24–28" captionStartId="6.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,531,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-217@6.[189,1399,531,1909]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 24–28. Phradis curvicauda, holotype female: 24 — habitus, lateral view; 25 — head with antennae, lateral view; 26 — head and mesosoma, lateral view; 27 — propodeum, dorsal view; 28 — apex of metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view. Рис. 24–28. Phradis curvicauda, голотип, самка: 24 — габитус, сбоку; 25 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 26 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку; 27 — проподеум, сверху; 28 — верШина метасомы с Яйцекладом, сбоку." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164625/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFAFFDFFF6FFE2A9B6CFE34" authority="Horstmann, 2013" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFAFFDFFF6FFE2A98E2FE59" box="[592,701,422,444]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">P. flavipes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFFAFFDFFFF7FE2B9B6CFE34" author="Horstmann K." pageId="6" pageNumber="406" pagination="67 - 92" refId="ref5167" refString="Horstmann K. 2013. Revisions of Nearctic Tersilochinae IV. Genus Phradis Forster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) // Spixiana. Bd. 36. H. 1. P. 67 - 92." type="journal article" year="2013">Horstmann, 2013</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="D79F67BCFFFAFFDFFC7DFE4C9BD1FE34" box="[322,398,449,471]" captionStart="Figs 32–34" captionStartId="8.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,805,1901]" captionTargetId="figure-324@8.[188,1398,805,1901]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 32–34. Phradis flavipes, holotype female: 32 — habitus, lateral view; 33 — head with antennae, lateral view; 34 — head and mesosoma, lateral view. Рис. 32–34. Phradis flavipes, голотип, самка: 32 — габитус, сбоку; 33 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 34 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164631/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
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), and Palaearctic
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFAFFDFFF7CFE4C9B78FE12" authority="Khalaim, 2004" authorityName="Khalaim" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decameron">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFAFFDFFF7CFE4C9892FE34" box="[579,717,449,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">P. decameron</emphasis>
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Khalaim, 2004
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</taxonomicName>
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, possess flagellum with 7–9 flagellomeres, it is a minimum number of flagellomeres known in the family
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFAFFDFFE13FEDB9998FE8E" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[812,967,342,364]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ichneumonidae</taxonomicName>
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. Some flagellomeres bear more or less distinct finger-shaped structures on outer side near apex of each flagellomere [see
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<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFFAFFDFF931FE069E87FE42" author="Khalaim A. I. & Bordera S. & Rodriguez-Berrio A." box="[1038,1240,395,417]" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" pagination="107 - 118" refId="ref5427" refString="Khalaim A. I., Bordera S., Rodriguez-Berrio A. 2009. A review of the European species of Phradis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae), with description of a new species from Spain // European Journal of Entomology. Vol. 106. No. 1. P. 107 - 118." type="journal article" year="2009">Khalaim et al., 2009</bibRefCitation>
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]. Mandible with upper tooth usually longer than lower tooth, but in several species (e.g.
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFAFFDFFE92FE4C9EA5FE34" authority="(Gravenhorst, 1829)" baseAuthorityName="Gravenhorst" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[941,1274,449,471]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigritulus">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFAFFDFFE92FE4C9E77FE34" box="[941,1064,449,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">P. nigritulus</emphasis>
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(Gravenhorst, 1829)
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFAFFDFF83AFE4C99F0FE13" authority="Aubert, 1986" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toreador">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFAFFDFF83AFE4C9F29FE34" box="[1285,1398,449,470]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">P. toreador</emphasis>
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Aubert, 1986
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</taxonomicName>
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) the lower tooth is longer. Clypeus lenticular, sometimes slightly truncated apically, with a transverse row of bristles near its lower margin. Hypostomal carina usually absent.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1BDB2BB1FFFAFFDFFDDDF83C99FEF7F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164625" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13164625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164625/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" startId="6.[226,263,1969,1988]" targetBox="[189,1399,531,1909]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFFAFFDFFDDDF83C9ED7F83E" blockId="6.[189,1398,1969,2065]" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">
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Figs 24–28.
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<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFAFFDFFC70F83C9BA5F826" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[335,506,1969,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
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<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFAFFDFFC70F83C9BA5F826" box="[335,506,1969,1988]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">Phradis curvicauda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, holotype female: 24 — habitus, lateral view; 25 — head with antennae, lateral view; 26 — head and mesosoma, lateral view; 27 — propodeum, dorsal view; 28 — apex of metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFFAFFDFFDDDF86B99FEF7F3" blockId="6.[189,1398,1969,2065]" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">
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Рис. 24–28.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFAFFDFFC70F8689BA6F81A" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[335,505,2021,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="406" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvicauda">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFAFFDFFC70F8689BA6F81A" box="[335,505,2021,2040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="406">Phradis curvicauda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, голотип, самка: 24 — габитус, сбоку; 25 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 26 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку; 27 — проподеум, сверху; 28 — верШина метасомы с Яйцекладом, сбоку.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="1BDB2BB1FFFBFFDEFDDDF83C9AA8F7F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164627" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13164627" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164627/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="407" startId="7.[226,263,1969,1988]" targetBox="[189,1399,364,1878]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFFBFFDEFDDDF83C9BE4F83E" blockId="7.[189,1398,1969,2065]" pageId="7" pageNumber="407">
|
||
Figs 29–31.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFBFFDEFC6FF83C9BB5F826" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[336,490,1969,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFBFFDEFC6FF83C9BB5F826" box="[336,490,1969,1988]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="407">Phradis flavicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype female: 29 — habitus, lateral view; 30 — head with antennae, lateral view; 31 — metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFFBFFDEFDDDF86B9AA8F7F3" blockId="7.[189,1398,1969,2065]" pageId="7" pageNumber="407">
|
||
Рис. 29–31.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFFBFFDEFC73F8689BBCF81A" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[332,483,2021,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicoxa">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFFBFFDEFC73F8689BBCF81A" box="[332,483,2021,2040]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="407">Phradis flavicoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, голотип, самка: 29 — габитус, сбоку; 30 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 31 — метасома с Яйцекладом, сбоку.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF4FFD1FDDDFE069BADFD03" blockId="8.[189,775,315,737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">
|
||
Notaulus usually with short wrinkle on anterolateral side of mesoscutum. Epicnemial carina with upper end bent forwards and reaching front margin of mesopleuron at level of lower 0.4–0.5 of pronotum. Foveate groove of mesopleuron horizontal or weakly upcurved anteriorly, short and thin, or as weakly impressed area with transverse or irregular wrinkles, or completely absent. Propodeum usually with a pair of median longitudinal carinae bounding short basal area laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D79F67BCFFF4FFD1FDCEFDEC9B60FD94" box="[241,319,609,631]" captionStart="Figs 9–13" captionStartId="3.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,667,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-282@3.[189,1399,667,1909]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs 9–13. Phradis basalis, holotype female: 9 — habitus, lateral view; 10 — head with antennae, lateral view; 11 — head and mesosoma, lateral view; 12 — propodeum, dorsal view; 13 — metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view. Рис. 9–13. Phradis basalis, голотип, самка: 9 — габитус, сбоку; 10 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 11 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку; 12 — проподеум, сверху; 13 — метасома с Яйцекладом, сбоку." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164619" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164619/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">Figs 12</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D79F67BCFFF4FFD1FC72FDEC9B38FD94" box="[333,359,609,630]" captionStart="Figs 14–18" captionStartId="4.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,384,1924]" captionTargetId="figure-90@4.[189,1399,384,1924]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs 14–18. Phradis brevicauda, holotype female: 14 — habitus, lateral view; 15 — head with antennae, anterolateral view; 16 — head and mesosoma, lateral view; 17 — propodeum, dorsal view; 18 — metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view. Рис. 14–18. Phradis brevicauda, голотип, самка: 14 — габитус, сбоку; 15 — голова с антеннами, спереди и сбоку; 16 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку; 17 — проподеум, сверху; 18 — метасома с Яйцекладом, сбоку." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164621" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164621/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D79F67BCFFF4FFD1FC4BFDEC9BD1FD94" box="[372,398,609,630]" captionStart="Figs 19–23" captionStartId="5.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,587,1902]" captionTargetId="figure-211@5.[189,1399,587,1902]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 19–23. Phradis coriaceus, holotype female: 19 — habitus, lateral view; 20 — head with antennae, lateral view; 21 — head and mesosoma, lateral view; 22 — propodeum, dorsal view; 23 — apex of metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view. Рис. 19–23. Phradis coriaceus, голотип, самка: 19 — габитус, сбоку; 20 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 21 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку; 22 — проподеум, сверху; 23 — верШина метасомы и Яйцеклад, сбоку." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164623" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164623/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">22</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="D79F67BCFFF4FFD1FCA3FDEC9BE9FD94" box="[412,438,609,630]" captionStart="Figs 24–28" captionStartId="6.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,531,1909]" captionTargetId="figure-217@6.[189,1399,531,1909]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 24–28. Phradis curvicauda, holotype female: 24 — habitus, lateral view; 25 — head with antennae, lateral view; 26 — head and mesosoma, lateral view; 27 — propodeum, dorsal view; 28 — apex of metasoma with ovipositor, lateral view. Рис. 24–28. Phradis curvicauda, голотип, самка: 24 — габитус, сбоку; 25 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 26 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку; 27 — проподеум, сверху; 28 — верШина метасомы с Яйцекладом, сбоку." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164625" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164625/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">27</figureCitation>
|
||
, etc.); basal area sometimes with irregular or longitudinal wrinkles; rarely basal area is long (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF4FFD1FD82FD1A9B6FFD49" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1986" box="[189,304,662,684]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toreador">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF4FFD1FD82FD1A9B6FFD49" box="[189,304,662,684]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">P. toreador</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or substituted by furrow (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF4FFD1FF5BFD1A98A7FD49" authorityName="Khalaim" authorityYear="2007" box="[612,760,662,684]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longibasalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF4FFD1FF5BFD1A98A7FD49" box="[612,760,662,684]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">P. longibasalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Propodeal spiracle round, separated from pleural carina by 2.0–6.0 times its own diameter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF4FFD1FE6DFEB19ED4FE13" blockId="8.[812,1399,315,737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">
|
||
Fore wing with second recurrent vein (2m-cu) interstitial, rarely antefurcal or slightly postfurcal; in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF4FFD1F9EEFEDA9F1BFE89" authorityName="Aubert" authorityYear="1986" box="[1233,1348,342,364]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="toreador">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF4FFD1F9EEFEDA9F1BFE89" box="[1233,1348,342,364]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">P. toreador</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
vein 2m-cu completely absent. First and second sections of radius (Rs+2r and Rs) meeting at right or slightly acute angle. Second abscissa of postnervulus present, thus brachial cell is closed posteriorly. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&cu-a) subvertical to moderately reclivous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF4FFD1FE6DFE7B99B0FDBE" blockId="8.[812,1399,315,737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">Legs slender. Hind leg with tibia longer than femur and about twice as long as basitarsus. Longer hind tibial spur almost straight, with only distal end slightly curved. Tarsal claws not pectinate.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF4FFD0FE6DFDEC9840FE65" blockId="8.[812,1399,315,737]" lastBlockId="9.[189,775,315,444]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="409" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">Metasoma behind tergite 1 more or less compressed laterally. First tergite slender, usually round in cross-section centrally, rarely slightly trapeziform or depressed. Glymma usually completely absent, rarely weak and isolated (i.e. not joining by furrow with ventral part of postpetiole); spiracle situated behind centre of first tergite; petiole not separated or weakly separated from postpetiole. Ovipositor slender, more or less upcurved, short to very long.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1BDB2BB1FFF4FFD1FDDDF83C9AA9F7F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13164631" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13164631" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13164631/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="408" startId="8.[226,263,1969,1988]" targetBox="[188,1398,805,1901]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF4FFD1FDDDF83C9BCFF83E" blockId="8.[188,1398,1969,2065]" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">
|
||
Figs 32–34.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF4FFD1FC6DF83C9BBEF826" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[338,481,1969,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF4FFD1FC6DF83C9BBEF826" box="[338,481,1969,1988]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">Phradis flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype female: 32 — habitus, lateral view; 33 — head with antennae, lateral view; 34 — head and mesosoma, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF4FFD1FDDDF86B9AA9F7F3" blockId="8.[188,1398,1969,2065]" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">
|
||
Рис. 32–34.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88A400BAFFF4FFD1FC6DF8689B80F81A" authorityName="Horstmann" authorityYear="2013" box="[338,479,2021,2040]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Phradis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="408" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="7DD0A72BFFF4FFD1FC6DF8689B80F81A" box="[338,479,2021,2040]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="408">Phradis flavipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, голотип, самка: 32 — габитус, сбоку; 33 — голова с антеннами, сбоку; 34 — голова и меЗосома, сбоку.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F1B7B39FFF5FFD0FDDDFE069E3DFE59" blockId="9.[189,775,315,444]" lastBlockId="9.[812,1398,315,444]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409">
|
||
COMPOSITION. Moderately large genus with 63 known species worldwide: two species are known in the Afrotropical region [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF5FFD0FE47FEB69E4DFEB2" author="Khalaim A. I." box="[888,1042,315,337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" pagination="101 - 110" refId="ref5249" refString="Khalaim A. I. 2007. First records of Meggoleus, Heterocola and Phradis (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae) from the Afrotropical region, with description of four new species // African Invertebrates. Vol. 48. No. 2. P. 101 - 110." type="journal article" year="2007">Khalaim, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], one in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="37B33BA9FFF5FFD0F953FEB69E9AFEB3" box="[1132,1221,315,337]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="409">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF5FFD0F9ECFEB69F32FEB2" author="Khalaim A. I." box="[1235,1389,315,337]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" pagination="327 - 331" refId="ref5340" refString="Khalaim A. I. 2017. New species of the genera Australochus Khalaim and Phradis Forster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae) from Australia // Russian Entomological Journal. Vol. 26. No. 4. P. 327 - 331." type="book chapter" year="2017">Khalaim, 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], one in the Neotropical region [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF5FFD0F965FEDB9F12FE89" author="Khalaim A. I. & Bordera S." box="[1114,1357,342,364]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" pagination="31 - 38" refId="ref5385" refString="Khalaim A. I., Bordera S. 2012. First record of the genus Phradis Forster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tersilochinae) from the Neotropical Region // ZooKeys. Vol. 169. P. 31 - 38." type="book chapter" year="2012">Khalaim, Bordera, 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
],
|
||
<quantity id="885CD6DCFFF5FFD0F861FEDB9960FE65" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.906" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" unit="in" value="39.0">39 in</quantity>
|
||
the Palaearctic region [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF5FFD0F921FEFC9EEDFE64" author="Khalaim A. I." box="[1054,1202,368,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" pagination="108 - 112" refId="ref5300" refString="Khalaim A. I. 2015. A new species of Phradis Forster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae) from Japan // Zoosystematica Rossica. Vol. 24. No. 1. P. 108 - 112." type="book chapter" year="2015">Khalaim, 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF5FFD0F984FEFC9F16FE64" author="Yu D. S. K. & van Achterberg C. & Horstmann K." box="[1211,1353,368,391]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" refId="ref5652" refString="Yu D. S. K., van Achterberg C., Horstmann K. 2016. Taxapad 2016, Ichneumonoidea 2015. Database on flash-drive. Nepean, Ontario, Canada." type="journal volume" year="2016">Yu et al., 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] and
|
||
<quantity id="885CD6DCFFF5FFD0FE13FE069901FE43" box="[812,862,395,417]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" unit="in" value="20.0">20 in</quantity>
|
||
the Nearctic region [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF5FFD0F916FE069EE1FE42" author="Khalaim A. I." box="[1065,1214,395,417]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" pagination="221 - 222" refId="ref5203" refString="Khalaim A. I. 2002. A new species of the genus Phradis Forster, 1869 from the USA (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae) // Russian Entomological Journal. Vol. 11. No. 2. P. 221 - 222." type="journal article" year="2002">Khalaim, 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF5FFD0F9F7FE019F2DFE42" author="Horstmann K." box="[1224,1394,395,417]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" pagination="67 - 92" refId="ref5167" refString="Horstmann K. 2013. Revisions of Nearctic Tersilochinae IV. Genus Phradis Forster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) // Spixiana. Bd. 36. H. 1. P. 67 - 92." type="journal article" year="2013">Horstmann, 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B3506C8FFF5FFD0FE13FE2B9E08FE59" author="Khalaim A. I. & Ruiz-Cancino E." box="[812,1111,422,444]" pageId="9" pageNumber="409" pagination="61 - 72" refId="ref5486" refString="Khalaim A. I., Ruiz-Cancino E. 2018. First record of the genera Diaparsis Forster and Phradis Forster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Tersilochinae) from Mexico // Journal of Hymenoptera Research. Vol. 63. P. 61 - 72." type="book chapter" year="2018">Khalaim, Ruíz-Cancino, 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |