559 lines
75 KiB
XML
559 lines
75 KiB
XML
<document id="E08CED1878C6B075AA8F38B2C46C613D" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3893.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="41188fbe-cee3-4720-8ebc-9238329bba3c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250402" ID-ZooBank="E5EC4E8B-A59E-478D-8A7A-21626F312564" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460991756839" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Brunke, Adam & Solodovnikov, Alexey" docDate="2014" docId="826487FBE872FFCA60FCFA6D305BFA85" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03893p076.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3893 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Mimosticus Sharp 1884" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" masterDocId="7E5DFF83E873FFCE606BFFED3205FFB4" masterDocTitle="Male secondary sexual characters resolve taxonomic uncertainty: five new species and a review of the formerly monotypic rove beetle genus Mimosticus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)" updateTime="1698561749414" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="2EA4CF08CCE13AB73D3D9855523B47AA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A035B1B8A46B1870BFC61A29A4CAB094">
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<mods:title id="AB692881AC85864838A707590C96974A">Male secondary sexual characters resolve taxonomic uncertainty: five new species and a review of the formerly monotypic rove beetle genus Mimosticus Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81C838757AB09FC62FB8FE12DF6F946D">Brunke, Adam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="5D47BBBA1B49F6995B61A48862CF5B73" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5D32C5A55085E8A4733658B591F5E18C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="D73450859A32222C9A64E3187B57273C">Solodovnikov, Alexey</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="40CE8F8F4DD0C63A4D6FDFFFDC29558B">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="41634733FD4B5D28D6F7A84DFB49C8CF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="50A2DECCFBE8E4FD90FC533B5ED4A5C2">
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<mods:date id="5994D8C6589DDA715B0A3E8223FAEA92">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="F78C9F59ABC3C3316A230882E271398D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="DB4A81352AC67D32222D3A647BA98A74">3893</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="9C33650CAC65834EA9C577440FD98880" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="3AF03E1501B6031817611A3FAA0F3023">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="96FEF2E836B158FCAA0068EB678E22D4">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E44472572A333C3FBEFAEDE75022DF7A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3893.1.2</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="A55FFDAF32429649C15A2562F7215739" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="826487FBE872FFCA60FCFA6D305BFA85" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6126382" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119596738" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6126382" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:826487FBE872FFCA60FCFA6D305BFA85" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/826487FBE872FFCA60FCFA6D305BFA85" lastPageId="4" pageId="1">
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<subSubSection id="42D76566E872FFCF60FCFA6D313BFA68" pageId="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0A7236EDE872FFCF60FCFA6D301DFA2E" blockId="1.[151,536,1407,1434]" box="[151,536,1407,1434]" pageId="1">
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<heading id="513A8181E872FFCF60FCFA6D301DFA2E" bold="true" box="[151,536,1407,1434]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE872FFCF60FCFA6D301DFA2E" bold="true" box="[151,536,1407,1434]" pageId="1">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE872FFCF6085FA92301DFA2E" ID-CoL="8X7KL" authority="Sharp, 1884" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1884" box="[238,536,1407,1434]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE872FFCF6085FA92337FFA2D" bold="true" box="[238,378,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="1">Mimosticus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE872FFCF61EAFA6D301DFA2E" author="Sharp" box="[385,536,1408,1434]" pageId="1" refString="Sharp, D. (1884) Staphylinidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2). Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 145 - 312, pls. 5 - 7." type="book chapter" year="1884">Sharp, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A7236EDE872FFCF60FCFA2B313BFA68" blockId="1.[151,830,1478,1500]" box="[151,830,1478,1500]" pageId="1">
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(
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<typeStatus id="D576884FE872FFCF60F6FA2B32D4FA68" box="[157,209,1478,1500]" pageId="1">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE872FFCF6145FA2A30A0FA68" authority="Sharp, 1884" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1884" box="[302,677,1478,1500]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridipennis">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE872FFCF6145FA2A3027FA68" box="[302,546,1479,1500]" italics="true" pageId="1">Mimosticus viridipennis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE872FFCF6242FA2B30A0FA68" author="Sharp" box="[553,677,1478,1500]" pageId="1" refString="Sharp, D. (1884) Staphylinidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2). Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 145 - 312, pls. 5 - 7." type="book chapter" year="1884">Sharp, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by monotypy)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="42D76566E872FFCF60FCF9E43004F83E" pageId="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="0A7236EDE872FFCF60FCF9E43004F83E" blockId="1.[151,1437,1545,2038]" pageId="1">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE872FFCF60FCF9E43314F996" bold="true" box="[151,273,1545,1570]" pageId="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The following combination of characters in both sexes is unique for
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE872FFCF6433F9E736DCF995" box="[1112,1241,1546,1569]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE872FFCF6433F9E736DCF995" box="[1112,1241,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="1">Mimosticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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within the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE872FFCF60FCF9C03321F9F2" box="[151,292,1581,1606]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Staphylinini">Staphylinini</taxonomicName>
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: neck completely or at least dorsally without nuchal ridge, and without dorsal basal ridge; posterior area of ventral head capsule anteriad to postgenal ridge with depression margined anteriorly by more or less pronounced ridge medially confluent with wide gula (
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<figureCitation id="92F62A68E872FFCF6299F9983130F93A" box="[754,821,1653,1678]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[242,1345,252,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[191,1396,193,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antennomeres 4 – 11: Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Ventral forebody of M. tenuiformis (E). Mesotrochanter and mesofemur of M. tenuiformis (F). Hindwing of M. aeneipennis, vein MP 4 fused to CuA (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250404/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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E); pronotal hypomera strongly deflexed, not visible in lateral view, relatively wide posteriad of anterior coxae, without translucent post coxal process; elytra without subbasal ridge or spines on humeri; anterior tarsi wide with thick adhesive setation ventrally; all tarsi with one short empodial seta; mesoscutellum with single scutellar ridge; abdominal tergites III–IV with two basal carinae, tergites V–VIII with one carina. In the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE872FFCF62F3F8E83126F8AA" box="[664,803,1797,1822]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Staphylinini">Staphylinini</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE872FFCF635AF8EB31B7F8A9" box="[817,946,1798,1821]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE872FFCF635AF8EB31B7F8A9" box="[817,946,1798,1821]" italics="true" pageId="1">Mimosticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the only genus with males possessing a single black iridescent comb on the mesotrochanter, that continues onto the base of the mesofemur (
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<figureCitation id="92F62A68E872FFCF656DF8C4374FF8F6" box="[1286,1354,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[242,1345,252,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[191,1396,193,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antennomeres 4 – 11: Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Ventral forebody of M. tenuiformis (E). Mesotrochanter and mesofemur of M. tenuiformis (F). Hindwing of M. aeneipennis, vein MP 4 fused to CuA (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250404/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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F); it is also one of a few genera in this tribe with a weakly to non-emarginate male sternite VIII (
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<figureCitation id="92F62A68E872FFCF64DEF8A036FEF8D2" box="[1205,1275,1869,1894]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[178,1386,278,1397]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1435]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male sternite VIII of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250406/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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) and a nearly symmetrical sternite IX (
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<figureCitation id="92F62A68E872FFCF61C5F89C33F6F83E" box="[430,499,1905,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1450,1472]" captionTargetBox="[177,1420,222,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[155,1440,163,1436]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male sternite IX of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250408/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="42D76566E872FFCC60ACF878318AF869" lastPageId="2" pageId="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="0A7236EDE872FFCC60ACF878373DFF43" blockId="1.[151,1437,1545,2038]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="2" pageId="1">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE872FFCF60ACF8783371F81A" bold="true" box="[199,372,1941,1966]" pageId="1">Redescription.</emphasis>
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Medium-sized (body length
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<quantity id="CD359B08E872FFCF62A6F87B314EF819" box="[717,843,1942,1966]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="1" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13 mm</quantity>
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, generally with very slight intra- and interspecific variation), dark with distinct metallic lustre, sometimes with yellowish tip of abdomen and pale apical antennomeres; with head distinctly shorter and narrower than pronotum, pronotum strongly narrowed anteriad, elytra slightly wider and longer than pronotum; in habitus somewhat similar to some metallic Neotropical species of
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE871FFCC60D7FF5133ADFF61" authority="Stephens" authorityName="Stephens" box="[188,424,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Philonthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE871FFCC60D7FF513330FF61" box="[188,309,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2">Philonthus</emphasis>
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Stephens
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</taxonomicName>
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or
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE871FFCC61B1FF5130C6FF61" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" box="[474,707,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Chroaptomus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE871FFCC61B1FF513077FF61" box="[474,626,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2">Chroaptomus</emphasis>
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Sharp
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</taxonomicName>
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, but with a ‘
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<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE871FFCC6302FF5131C3FF61" box="[873,966,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE871FFCC6302FF5131C3FF61" box="[873,966,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="2">Quedius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-like’ pronotum shape and with only 2 punctures each in the dorsal pronotal rows, although an additional puncture may occur in one of the rows.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A7236EDE871FFCC60ACFEE936C0FC8C" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2">
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Head capsule with fully developed neck constriction but without, or with only weakly developed nuchal ridge laterally; eyes large, longer than temples, their outline not protruding beyond outline of head in dorsal view; infraorbital ridge short, extending anteriad at most to the level of posterior margin of eye; dorsal basal ridge absent; postgenal ridge present; posterior area of ventral head capsule with depression anteriad to postgenal ridge, depression anteriorly margined by more or less pronounced ridge medially confluent with wide gula; postmandibular ridge distinct, short, extending basad to the level of basal margin of maxillae; “taxonomic chaetotaxy” visible in dorsal view with two pairs of frontoclypeal punctures, anterior and posterior frontal punctures present (“a” and “c”, respectively, in
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<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC62D3FE1230FFFDAC" box="[696,762,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[232,1370,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[188,1400,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Forebody of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Scale bars = 1 mm. a—anterior frontal puncture, b—oculomarginal puncture, c—posterior frontal puncture, d—vertical puncture." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250405/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A), one oculomarginal puncture between frontal punctures, one vertical puncture near neck constriction (“b” and “d”, respectively, in
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<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC6463FDC93648FD88" box="[1032,1101,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1937,1959]" captionTargetBox="[232,1370,221,1895]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[188,1400,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Forebody of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Scale bars = 1 mm. a—anterior frontal puncture, b—oculomarginal puncture, c—posterior frontal puncture, d—vertical puncture." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250405/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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A); labrum large, transverse, bilobed, with distinct membranous extension of lobes; ligula apically broadly rounded, entire, but very slightly notched; mandible moderately long, with distinct short dorsolateral groove, visible in dorsal view; last segment of maxillary and labial palpi glabrous, narrowly fusiform, distinctly narrower than apex of their respective penultimate segment, apical maxillary palpomere as long as penultimate segment, apical labial palpomere slightly shorter than penultimate segment; penultimate segment of labial palpi with row of stout setae along anterior margin; antennae rather long, their first antennomere about as long as antennomeres 2 and 3 combined; antennomeres 1–3 with only long, sparse setae, pubescence present on antennomere 4 onwards.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A7236EDE871FFCC60ACFCA830FCFB80" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2">Pronotum with two punctures in dorsal row: one very close to anterior margin of pronotum, and one on disc of pronotum before middle; superior marginal line of hypomeron not deflexed under anterior angle; inferior marginal line of hypomeron not intersecting with superior line and not continued anteriad of the level of base of anterior coxa; anterior angle strongly produced anteriad of anterior margin of prosternum; hypomeron strongly inflexed, not visible in lateral view, very wide posteriad of anterior coxae, without translucent postcoxal process; pronoto-sternal suture distinct; prosternum with median longitudinal projection but without ridge; basisternum with sparse brown setae but without pairs of long stout black macrosetae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A7236EDE871FFCC60ACFBD231ADFB14" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2">
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Elytra evenly densely punctate, without subbasal ridge or spines on humeri; scutellum only with one (anterior) scutellar ridge, with punctation as on elytra; wing with veins CuA and MP4 fused, but distinct as two veins basally, vein MP3 clearly present though reduced to a dark marking (
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<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC632AFB6A3181FB14" box="[833,900,1159,1184]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[242,1345,252,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[191,1396,193,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antennomeres 4 – 11: Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Ventral forebody of M. tenuiformis (E). Mesotrochanter and mesofemur of M. tenuiformis (F). Hindwing of M. aeneipennis, vein MP 4 fused to CuA (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250404/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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G).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A7236EDE871FFCC60ACFB403613FAE1" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2">Legs moderately long, all tarsi five segmented; protarsomeres with dorsal surface setose, dilated in both sexes, with white adhesive setation underneath; anterior tibiae with very dense pale setation medially; middle and posterior tibiae with long dark spines; mesocoxae contiguous; metacoxae without transverse carina; meso- and metatarsomeres with longer and denser setae ventrally, but without any clusters of white adhesive setae or dark combs; each tarsus with one short empodial seta much shorter than tarsal claws.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE871FFCC60ACFAB233B1F9BC" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2">Abdomen evenly punctate, with punctation much sparser than on elytra, punctures becoming sparser towards abdominal apex; protergal gland manifested as well-developed invaginated capsulae with smaller opening; base of abdominal tergites III–IV with anterior and posterior transverse carinae, tergites V–VIII with only anterior transverse carina; apical margin of tergite VIII with whitish seam of microsetae. Lateral tergal sclerites IX elongate, apically obtuse.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE871FFCC60ACF9F9338AF89C" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2">
|
||
Male. Middle legs with black iridescent combs on posterior margin of trochanters and base of femora (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC6551F9F93778F998" box="[1338,1405,1556,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1909,1931]" captionTargetBox="[242,1345,252,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[191,1396,193,1888]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Antennomeres 4 – 11: Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Ventral forebody of M. tenuiformis (E). Mesotrochanter and mesofemur of M. tenuiformis (F). Hindwing of M. aeneipennis, vein MP 4 fused to CuA (G). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250404/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
F). Abdominal sternite VIII with apical margin somewhat truncate but at most weakly emarginate at middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC6523F9DA378BF9E4" box="[1352,1422,1591,1616]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1456,1478]" captionTargetBox="[178,1386,278,1397]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1435]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Male sternite VIII of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250406/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
); sternite IX nearly to entirely symmetrical with long narrow basal part and short, broader, emarginate apical portion (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC60F4F99232E3F92C" box="[159,230,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1450,1472]" captionTargetBox="[177,1420,222,1418]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[155,1440,163,1436]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Male sternite IX of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250408/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
); tergite X short, with slight to distinct median emargination (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC63D0F9923607F92C" box="[955,1026,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1421,1443]" captionTargetBox="[203,1405,249,1379]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,161,1399]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 7. Male tergite X of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250409/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). Aedeagus symmetrical, with very large bulbous basal part of median lobe and narrow apical portion (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC63ECF94931CFF908" box="[903,970,1700,1725]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1949,1971]" captionTargetBox="[333,1263,230,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[272,1310,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Aedeagus of Mimosticus viridipennis Sharp (A – D), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Parameral view (A – B, E – F), lateral view (C – D). Internal sac not everted (A, C, E, F), internal sac everted (B, D). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250410/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), with internal sac more or less armoured with complex sclerites (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC61CFF92A33EDF954" box="[420,488,1735,1760]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1496,1518]" captionTargetBox="[199,1407,246,1447]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,193,1475]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 9. Abparameral view of median lobe of the aedeagus, showing internal sac in situ: Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Copulatory sclerite of internal sac of M. sharpi (E), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (F) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (G). Scale bars = 0.2 mm. a—ventral apex of paramere showing peg setae-like structures, b—copulatory sclerite, arrow—apical margin of copulatory sclerite." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250411/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
); parameres fused into single lobe closely adjoining median lobe, paramere apically with few long regular setae, without or with small, sharp and pale, tooth-like structures superficially similar to peg setae on its underside.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE871FFCC60ACF8D9376EF821" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2">
|
||
Female. Abdominal sternite VIII with apical margin somewhat truncate but not emarginate at middle; ovipositor consisting of a pair of broad proximal gonocoxites and a pair of rather long, narrow distal gonocoxites, without styli. Female tergite X with attenuate apico-lateral angles and with paired apical projections (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E871FFCC656EF891374CF821" box="[1285,1353,1916,1941]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,996,1018]" captionTargetBox="[341,1249,268,933]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[270,1316,153,975]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Male tergite VIII of M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (A). Female tergite X of M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (B). Scale bars = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250407/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE871FFCC60ACF84D318AF869" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="2">Sexual dimorphism. Males are easily separated from females by the black combs on the mesotrochanters and base of mesofemora, and by the more strongly dilated anterior tarsi.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42D76566E870FFCA60ACFF7A379CFD78" lastPageId="4" pageId="3" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE870FFCD60ACFF7A30E3FE64" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60ACFF7A3019FF04" bold="true" box="[199,540,151,176]" pageId="3">Distribution and bionomics.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD62C1FF743129FF04" box="[682,812,153,176]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD62C1FF743129FF04" box="[682,812,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is broadly distributed along the southern Neotropical Cordilleras, from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD61AEFF513045FF61" box="[453,576,188,213]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
to western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD62A9FF50311BFF60" box="[706,798,189,212]" name="Panama" pageId="3">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and through
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD63DCFF513628FF61" box="[951,1069,188,213]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD6453FF5136A3FF61" box="[1080,1190,188,213]" name="Colombia" pageId="3">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD64B5FF51373EFF61" box="[1246,1339,188,213]" name="Ecuador" pageId="3">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
south to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD60FCFF0D32CEFF43" box="[151,203,224,247]" name="Peru" pageId="3">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD6162FF323359FF4C" box="[265,348,223,248]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E870FFCD6104FF3233C3FF4C" box="[367,454,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,260,1580,1605]" captionTargetBox="[180,1410,908,1524]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,876,1559]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution of Mimosticus aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov, M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov, M pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov, and M. viridipennis Sharp (A); and M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov, and M. sharpi (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250412/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is mostly confined to montane forests at elevations between
|
||
<date id="7E73102DE870FFCD64AEFF0D3771FF4C" box="[1221,1396,223,248]" pageId="3" value="1000" valueMax="2000">
|
||
1000 and
|
||
<quantity id="CD359B08E870FFCD6557FF0D3771FF4C" box="[1340,1396,224,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
m, however the lowest elevation record is from
|
||
<quantity id="CD359B08E870FFCD62E1FEE930D4FEA8" box="[650,721,260,285]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" pageId="3" unit="m" value="670.0">670 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD628AFEE83189FEA9" box="[737,908,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD628AFEE83189FEA9" box="[737,908,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="3">M. viridipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD63F1FEE9361DFEA9" box="[922,1048,260,285]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="3">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
), and the highest from
|
||
<quantity id="CD359B08E870FFCD6572FEE9376BFEA8" box="[1305,1390,260,285]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" pageId="3" unit="m" value="2850.0">2850 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6516FEE83318FEF4" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneipennis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6516FEE83318FEF4" italics="true" pageId="3">M. aeneipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="238A5784E870FFCD614DFEC53358FE8B" box="[294,349,296,319]" pageId="3" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD6100FECA33DAFEF4" box="[363,479,295,320]" name="Colombia" pageId="3">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Based on collection records it is apparent that individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD64DFFEC43733FEF4" box="[1204,1334,297,320]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD64DFFEC43733FEF4" box="[1204,1334,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occur in various ground-based forest microhabitats including leaf litter, fungusy logs and other plant-based decaying substrates. As can be judged from their frequent occurrence in flight intercept and Malaise traps, they often disperse by flight. One species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6192FE7830A1FE19" box="[505,676,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6192FE7830A1FE19" box="[505,676,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="3">M. viridipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, seems to have a more distinct association with freshly rotten debris such as fruits or fungi compared to the other species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE870FFCD60ACFE313716FCA0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60ACFE3133BAFE41" bold="true" box="[199,447,476,501]" pageId="3">Systematic position.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6234FE3030E5FE40" box="[607,736,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6234FE3030E5FE40" box="[607,736,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
belongs to the subtribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD644BFE3136C7FE41" box="[1056,1218,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in the sense of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE870FFCD60FCFE1233B8FDAC" author="Chatzimanolis" box="[151,445,511,536]" pageId="3" refString="Chatzimanolis, S., Cohen, I., Schomann, A. & Solodovnikov, A. (2010) Molecular phylogeny of the mega-diverse rove beetle tribe Staphylinini (Insecta, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zoologica Scripta, 39, 436 - 449. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2010.00438. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Chatzimanolis
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD612AFDEC337EFDAC" box="[321,379,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) of the tribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6238FE1230D9FDAC" box="[595,732,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Staphylinini">Staphylinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the analysis in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE870FFCD6397FE1236E9FDAC" author="Solodovnikov" box="[1020,1260,511,536]" pageId="3" refString="Solodovnikov, A. Y. (2006) Revision and phylogenetic assessment of Afroquedius gen. nov. from South Africa: toward new concepts of the genus Quedius, subtribe Quediina and reclassification of the tribe Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99 (6), 1064 - 1084. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / 0013 - 8746 (2006) 99 [1064: rapaoa] 2.0. co; 2" type="journal article" year="2006">Solodovnikov (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and the unique combination of characters diagnostic of the subtribe mentioned in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE870FFCD63EBFDC936ECFD88" author="Brunke" box="[896,1257,548,573]" pageId="3" refString="Brunke, A. & Solodovnikov, A. (2013) Alesiella gen. nov., and a newly discovered relict lineage of Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Systematic Entomology, 38, 689 - 707. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12021" type="journal article" year="2013">Brunke & Solodovnikov (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: mesoscutellum with only one basal ridge (symplesiomorphic); elytra with subbasal ridge absent or reduced (synapomorphic) and aedeagus with paramere closely attached to or fused with median lobe (in this case, fused at base) (synapomorphic). The earlier placement of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD62FDFD7C3112FD1C" box="[662,791,657,680]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD62FDFD7C3112FD1C" box="[662,791,657,680]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD632FFD6231AEFD1C" box="[836,939,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Quediina">Quediina</taxonomicName>
|
||
was based on a non-phylogenetic, classic concept of that subtribe, which does not accurately reflect evolutionary history (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE870FFCD6439FD593731FD79" author="Solodovnikov" box="[1106,1332,692,717]" pageId="3" refString="Solodovnikov, A. Y. (2006) Revision and phylogenetic assessment of Afroquedius gen. nov. from South Africa: toward new concepts of the genus Quedius, subtribe Quediina and reclassification of the tribe Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylininae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 99 (6), 1064 - 1084. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / 0013 - 8746 (2006) 99 [1064: rapaoa] 2.0. co; 2" type="journal article" year="2006">Solodovnikov 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Thus, it is noteworthy that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE870FFCD611DFD3A300BFD44" author="Sharp" box="[374,526,727,752]" pageId="3" refString="Sharp, D. (1884) Staphylinidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Coleoptera 1 (2). Taylor and Francis, London, pp. 145 - 312, pls. 5 - 7." type="book chapter" year="1884">Sharp (1884)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
had long ago suggested an affinity of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6389FD343666FD44" box="[994,1123,729,752]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6389FD343666FD44" box="[994,1123,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the Australian genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60FCFD1133B4FCA0" authority="Fauvel, 1878" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1878" box="[151,433,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quediopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60FCFD113310FCA1" box="[151,277,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3">Quediopsis</emphasis>
|
||
Fauvel, 1878
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a genus also now included in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD635AFD1131D6FCA1" box="[817,979,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE870FFCD638AFD113702FCA0" author="Chatzimanolis" box="[993,1287,764,789]" pageId="3" refString="Chatzimanolis, S., Cohen, I., Schomann, A. & Solodovnikov, A. (2010) Molecular phylogeny of the mega-diverse rove beetle tribe Staphylinini (Insecta, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae). Zoologica Scripta, 39, 436 - 449. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2010.00438. x" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Chatzimanolis
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD64E0FD1036C1FCA1" box="[1163,1220,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="3">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE870FFCD60ACFCF23106FBA4" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3">
|
||
The black iridescent combs on the posterior margin of the mesotrochanters and the base of the mesofemora in males are phylogenetically noteworthy. One
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD62FCFCA8312AFCE9" box="[663,815,836,861]" name="New Zealand" pageId="3">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD63D8FCA9365DFCE9" box="[947,1112,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD640FFCA93743FCE8" box="[1124,1350,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="3">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6407FCA936DDFCE9" box="[1132,1240,836,861]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Quedius</taxonomicName>
|
||
” fuscatus
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Broun, 1893, possesses a double row (single in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD623FFC8430D0FC34" box="[596,725,873,896]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD623FFC8430D0FC34" box="[596,725,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) of black combs but only on the mesofemur. Otherwise, similar combs are located either on the posterior coxae or on the mesotarsi in males of many, mostly Australian species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60FCFC42333CFC7C" box="[151,313,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
but are not known to occur on the legs of any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD63DEFC423644FC7C" box="[949,1089,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Staphylinini">Staphylinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As the taxa now included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60FCFC393339FC59" box="[151,316,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, some very species-rich, have never been phylogenetically explored, the sister relationships of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60FCFC14331CFBA4" box="[151,281,1017,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60FCFC14331CFBA4" box="[151,281,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within this subtribe are currently unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE870FFCD60ACFBF13105FA84" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60ACFBF1307AFB81" bold="true" box="[199,639,1052,1077]" pageId="3">
|
||
Comparison with other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD618CFBF1307FFB81" box="[487,634,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Staphylinini">Staphylinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In the Neotropical region, species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6441FBF036AEFB80" box="[1066,1195,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6441FBF036AEFB80" box="[1066,1195,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E870FFCD64D7FBF136F8FB80" box="[1212,1277,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1943,1965]" captionTargetBox="[246,1369,217,1901]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[204,1397,193,1938]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal habitus of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D). Scale bars = 2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250403/files/figure.png" pageId="3">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) superficially resemble some similarly coloured members of the subtribes Xanthopygina and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD647FFBD23690FBEC" box="[1044,1173,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Philonthina">Philonthina</taxonomicName>
|
||
that can even be found in the same microhabitats. However, species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD62ACFB88314CFBC8" box="[711,841,1125,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD62ACFB88314CFBC8" box="[711,841,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be easily distinguished from most Neotropical Xanthopygina and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6115FB6A33FAFB14" box="[382,511,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Philonthina">Philonthina</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the strongly inflexed hypomera, which are not visible in lateral view. Exceptional members of the latter subtribes with inflexed hypomera (mostly myrmecophilic taxa) can be separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60B3FB3C335CFB5C" box="[216,345,1233,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60B3FB3C335CFB5C" box="[216,345,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of a dorsal basal ridge and either no empodial setae (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD64F8FB22371DFB5C" box="[1171,1304,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Philonthina">Philonthina</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or a welldeveloped pair of empodial setae (Xanthopygina).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD62BCFB18315DFAB8" box="[727,856,1269,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD62BCFB18315DFAB8" box="[727,856,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has one short empodial seta on each tarsus; within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60FCFAFA331AFA84" box="[151,287,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Staphylinini">Staphylinini</taxonomicName>
|
||
this occurs only within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD623CFAFA30F9FA84" box="[599,764,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE870FFCD60ACFAD1304AF999" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3">
|
||
Among the Neotropical amblyopinine genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD62B1FAD13610FAE0" authority="Germain, 1903" authorityName="Germain" authorityYear="1903" box="[730,1045,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD62B1FAD13158FAE1" box="[730,861,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3">Loncovilius</emphasis>
|
||
Germain, 1903
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD644FFAD13754FAE0" authority="Solier, 1849" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1849" box="[1060,1361,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cheilocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD644FFAD136BDFAE1" box="[1060,1208,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3">Cheilocolpus</emphasis>
|
||
Solier, 1849
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6534FAD1379EFAE1" box="[1375,1435,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3">Rolla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E5C4B1CE870FFCD60FCFAB2336CFACC" author="Blackwelder" box="[151,361,1375,1400]" pageId="3" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1952) The generic names of the beetle family Staphylinidae, with an essay on genotypy. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 200, iv + 483 pp." type="book" year="1952">Blackwelder, 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD61CBFAB230D9FACC" authority="Stephens, 1829" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1829" box="[416,732,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Heterothops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD61CBFAB2302FFACC" box="[416,554,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3">Heterothops</emphasis>
|
||
Stephens, 1829
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6282FA8C316FFACC" box="[745,874,1377,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6282FA8C316FFACC" box="[745,874,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished by a combination of its relatively large body size (~
|
||
<quantity id="CD359B08E870FFCD6108FA6933E7FA28" box="[355,482,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="3" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="11.0">11–12 mm</quantity>
|
||
), strong metallic lustre (dull in most other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD63A7FA693677FA29" box="[972,1138,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
), wide pronotal hypomera lacking the translucent postcoxal process (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6281FA4A3168FA74" box="[746,877,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6281FA4A3168FA74" box="[746,877,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="3">Loncovilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), non-aciculate apical segment of maxillary palpi (aciculate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6141FA2133B6FA51" box="[298,435,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Heterothops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6141FA2133B6FA51" box="[298,435,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3">Heterothops</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD623AFA2130E0FA51" box="[593,741,1484,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cheilocolpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD623AFA2130E0FA51" box="[593,741,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3">Cheilocolpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6375FA21315FFA51" box="[798,858,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3">Rolla</emphasis>
|
||
), mesotarsi of males without clusters of pale setae (developed in males of some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6192FA023079F9BC" box="[505,636,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Loncovilius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6192FA023079F9BC" box="[505,636,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3">Loncovilius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and mesotrochanters and mesofemora of males with black combs (unknown in any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD61F7F9F93046F999" box="[412,579,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE870FFCD60ACF9DA31C8F8DB" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3">
|
||
Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD612EF9D433C3F9E4" box="[325,454,1593,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD612EF9D433C3F9E4" box="[325,454,1593,1616]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
most closely resemble some relatively large Neotropical species of ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD64B2F9DA3733F9E4" box="[1241,1334,1591,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD64B2F9DA3733F9E4" box="[1241,1334,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="3">Quedius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60FCF9B033D6F9C0" authority="Erichson, 1840" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,467,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60FCF9B0331AF9C1" box="[151,287,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="3">Q. viridulus</emphasis>
|
||
Erichson, 1840
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD6277F9B1308FF9C1" box="[540,650,1628,1653]" name="Colombia" pageId="3">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and, especially,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6320F9B0369FF9C0" authority="Bernhauer, 1917" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1917" box="[843,1178,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6320F9B031D1F9C0" box="[843,980,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="3">Q. germaini</emphasis>
|
||
Bernhauer, 1917
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD6489F9B1373DF9C1" box="[1250,1336,1628,1653]" name="Bolivia" pageId="3">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Both of these ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD608FF9923344F92C" box="[228,321,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD608FF9923344F92C" box="[228,321,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3">Quedius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ only superficially resemble true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD62BBF9923128F92C" box="[720,813,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD62BBF9923128F92C" box="[720,813,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3">Quedius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, in fact, belong to the
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD641FF992379EF92C" box="[1140,1435,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="3">Loncovilius-Quediomimus</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE870FFCD60FCF9493304F908" box="[151,257,1700,1724]" name="Cameroon" pageId="3">Cameron</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1948 lineage of the subtribe
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD620CF9493109F909" box="[615,780,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Amblyopinina">Amblyopinina</taxonomicName>
|
||
, of which
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD63E5F948360AF908" box="[910,1039,1701,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD63E5F948360AF908" box="[910,1039,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be a member. However, the postcoxal process present in these taxa will readily distinguish them from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6383F924366CF954" box="[1000,1129,1737,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6383F924366CF954" box="[1000,1129,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Additionally,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD657FF9253799F954" box="[1300,1436,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD657FF9253799F954" box="[1300,1436,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="3">Q. viridulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has distinct posterior angles of the head (indistinct in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6286F900316BF8B0" box="[749,878,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6286F900316BF8B0" box="[749,878,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD63A1F9003654F8B0" box="[970,1105,1773,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD63A1F9003654F8B0" box="[970,1105,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="3">Q. germaini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has spines on the humeri and distinctly transverse subapical antennomeres (no humeral spines and antennomeres much more elongate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60FCF8D8331DF8F8" box="[151,280,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60FCF8D8331DF8F8" box="[151,280,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). A proper systematic treatment of
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD62B4F8D83618F8F8" box="[735,1053,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="3">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD62B4F8D83174F8F9" box="[735,881,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridulus">Q. viridulus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD63EDF8D8361CF8F8" box="[902,1049,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="germaini">Q. germaini</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and other, similarly misplaced Neotropical ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6140F8BA338DF8C4" box="[299,392,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Quedius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6140F8BA338DF8C4" box="[299,392,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="3">Quedius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ or ‘Quediina’ will be provided in a separate paper.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE870FFCA60ACF89131DBFEA9" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,1329]" lastPageId="4" pageId="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60ACF89133BFF821" bold="true" box="[199,442,1916,1941]" pageId="3">Species recognition.</emphasis>
|
||
Three of the six currently recognized species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6476F890369BF820" box="[1053,1182,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6476F890369BF820" box="[1053,1182,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="3">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD64DDF890376DF821" box="[1206,1384,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD64DDF890376DF821" box="[1206,1384,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3">M. viridipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6516F8903312F80C" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6516F8903312F80C" italics="true" pageId="3">M. tenuiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD613AF84C33FBF80C" box="[337,510,1953,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD613AF84C33FBF80C" box="[337,510,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="3">M. aeneipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) may be distinguished by external characters alone. The remaining three species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD60CBF8283308F869" box="[160,269,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharpi">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD60CBF8283308F869" box="[160,269,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3">M. sharpi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6177F82833DDF869" box="[284,472,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudosharpi">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6177F82833DDF869" box="[284,472,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3">M. pseudosharpi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and M.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6256F8293085F869" box="[573,640,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="latens">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE870FFCD6256F8293085F869" box="[573,640,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3">latens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) belong to the ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE870FFCD6345F8293172F869" box="[814,887,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharpi">sharpi</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex’ where species are very similar externally and males are needed for confident identification. It is interesting to note that, unlike many groups of rove beetles, the structure of the aedeagus in this species complex does not provide the most useful characters for species delimitation. Instead, tergite X and sternite IX in males of the '
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA63C8FF3231EFFF4C" box="[931,1002,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharpi">sharpi</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex' are characteristically shaped in each species (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E877FFCA61C8FEE93006FEA9" box="[419,515,260,285]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStartId-0="11.[151,250,1450,1472]" captionStartId-1="13.[151,250,1421,1443]" captionTargetBox-0="[177,1420,222,1418]" captionTargetBox-1="[203,1405,249,1379]" captionTargetId-0="figure@11.[155,1440,163,1436]" captionTargetId-1="figure@13.[151,1436,161,1399]" captionTargetPageId-0="11" captionTargetPageId-1="13" captionText-0="FIGURE 6. Male sternite IX of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.2 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Male tergite X of Mimosticus viridipennis, Sharp (A), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (B), M. aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov (C), M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (D), M. pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/250408/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/250409/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 6–7</figureCitation>
|
||
) and can often be seen without dissection.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE877FFCA60ACFECA379CFD78" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="4">
|
||
Differences in the aedeagus between some species involve the shape of the paramere and patterns of sclerotization of the internal sac, which bears multiple small, spine-like sclerites and several larger ones. Since the internal sac is very complex in
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA6265FE9C3093FE3C" box="[526,662,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="4">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA6265FE9C3097FE3C" box="[526,658,369,392]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mimosticus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and, at the same time, displays only subtle interspecific variation among some species, the ideal observation of this morphology would require the complete eversion of the sac in a long series of specimens. However, as the eversion of internal sac is a very laborious (sometimes impossible) procedure for routine species determinations, we focused only on diagnostic, interspecific differences in the internal sac that can be seen
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA6198FDEC3038FDAC" box="[499,573,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="4">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
after a conventional dissection of the aedeagus (see Methods). With this approach, additional, even more subtle variation in the internal sac may have been overlooked due to its densely packed conformation
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA61FFFDA433E0FDD4" box="[404,485,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="4">in situ.</emphasis>
|
||
Future, more extensive studies of the everted internal sac may reveal additional variation. Finally, striking variation in the shape of the apex of the median lobe was observed when aedeagi are macerated in KOH. This variation is artefactual: as the internal sac everts, the soft dorso-lateral portions of the median lobe apex move laterally and change the outline in lateral and parameral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E877FFCA640EFD5936A0FD78" box="[1125,1189,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1949,1971]" captionTargetBox="[333,1263,230,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[272,1310,193,1916]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 8. Aedeagus of Mimosticus viridipennis Sharp (A – D), M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov (E) and M. sharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov (F). Parameral view (A – B, E – F), lateral view (C – D). Internal sac not everted (A, C, E, F), internal sac everted (B, D). Scale bars = 0.5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250410/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
A vs. 8B, 8C vs. 8D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42D76566E877FFCA60ACFD3A305BFA85" pageId="4" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A7236EDE877FFCA60ACFD3A305BFA85" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="4">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA60ACFD3A33C2FD44" bold="true" box="[199,455,727,752]" pageId="4">Species distributions.</emphasis>
|
||
Another noteworthy feature of some
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA6310FD3431F9FD44" box="[891,1020,729,752]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA6310FD3431F9FD44" box="[891,1020,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="4">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species recognized herein is a wide and, at the same time, highly patchy distribution. For example, most of the 65 examined specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA6516FD103318FC8C" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA6516FD103318FC8C" italics="true" pageId="4">M. viridipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were collected from a nearly continuous band from north-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA645AFCCD36AAFC8C" box="[1073,1199,799,824]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
|
||
to western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA6557FCCD379DFC83" box="[1340,1432,800,823]" name="Panama" pageId="4">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, while some were from one locality each in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA6280FCA8311AFCE8" box="[747,799,837,860]" name="Peru" pageId="4">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA633CFCA931A8FCE9" box="[855,941,836,861]" name="Bolivia" pageId="4">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This pattern of records (
|
||
<figureCitation id="92F62A68E877FFCA64A0FCA9371EFCE8" box="[1227,1307,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="17.[151,260,1580,1605]" captionTargetBox="[180,1410,908,1524]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,876,1559]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 10. Distribution of Mimosticus aeneipennis Brunke and Solodovnikov, M. latens Brunke and Solodovnikov, M pseudosharpi Brunke and Solodovnikov, and M. viridipennis Sharp (A); and M. tenuiformis Brunke and Solodovnikov, and M. sharpi (B)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250412/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
A) leaves a huge area in the Andes where
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA619DFC8430A1FC34" box="[502,676,871,896]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridipennis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA619DFC8430A1FC34" box="[502,676,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="4">M. viridipennis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
either does not occur, or was not previously sampled.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA6570FC8432DAFC11" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharpi">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA6570FC8432DAFC11" italics="true" pageId="4">Mimosticus sharpi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from
|
||
<specimenCount id="1CCBFD64E877FFCA61FEFC613037FC11" box="[405,562,908,933]" pageId="4" type="generic">69 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, some of which originate from several localities in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA6488FC613745FC11" box="[1251,1344,908,933]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the remainder from one locality in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA621AFC5D30A2FC73" box="[625,679,944,967]" name="Peru" pageId="4">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, again leaving a large gap along the Andes without any records. Another, similar pattern is displayed by our 79 records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA6349FC3831C2FC58" box="[802,967,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA6349FC3831C2FC58" box="[802,967,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4">M. tenuiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Most records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA64E4FC383731FC58" box="[1167,1332,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA64E4FC383731FC58" box="[1167,1332,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="4">M. tenuiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are from several localities in the northern Andes (north-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA637CFC1A318FFBA4" box="[791,906,1015,1040]" name="Venezuela" pageId="4">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA645BFC1A36A6FBA4" box="[1072,1187,1015,1040]" name="Colombia" pageId="4">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
), but one female was found in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA610DFBF03398FB80" box="[358,413,1053,1076]" name="Peru" pageId="4">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Given our sample of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA62A9FBF03146FB80" box="[706,835,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA62A9FBF03146FB80" box="[706,835,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="4">Mimosticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
material available, which is fragmentary considering the size of South and southern Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA623FFBD230B2FBEC" box="[596,695,1087,1112]" name="United States of America" pageId="4">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it is difficult to judge whether the observed disjunct distribution patterns are real or, rather, artefacts of poor sampling. The single female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA6382FB883688FBC8" box="[1001,1165,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38B9EAFFE877FFCA6382FB883688FBC8" box="[1001,1165,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="4">M. tenuiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA64B8FB883702FBC8" box="[1235,1287,1125,1148]" name="Peru" pageId="4">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
may even be a misidentified new species, as males are very important for reliable species determination in this genus. Finally, the overlapping distributions within the '
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDCD4D6EE877FFCA6214FB4130C3FB71" box="[639,710,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Mimosticus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sharpi">sharpi</taxonomicName>
|
||
species complex' are worth mentioning because these three morphologically similar species have never been collected together at the same locality, raising the question of whether they are truly syntopic or not. More extensive sampling in South
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72DA767DE877FFCA6380FB193649FAB9" box="[1003,1100,1268,1293]" name="United States of America" pageId="4">America</collectingCountry>
|
||
is needed to reassess species distributions and sympatry in this genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |