313 lines
39 KiB
XML
313 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.52695" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ae804d69-5527-45cc-b501-d8203d096d1d" ID-PMC="PMC7394776" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-952-65" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2BA2D209D7AA5CFA8272664366B9D9D5" ID-PubMed="32774112" ID-ZooBank="9752C98C0C8F4BCC974BEEF6A47F0F59" ModsDocID="1313-2970-952-65" checkinTime="1595568097234" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sutcharit, Chirasak, Inkhavilay, Khamla & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2020" docId="1022CAD3022A5EDA841B929249734061" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 952: 65-93" docOrigin="ZooKeys 952" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.52695" docTitle="Trichelix horrida" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="2BA2D209D7AA5CFA8272664366B9D9D5" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="2BA2D209D7AA5CFA8272664366B9D9D5" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic note on Trichelix horrida (Pfeiffer, 1863) from Laos, with a type catalogue of Moellendorffia, Trichelix, and Moellendorffiella (Heterobranchia, Camaenidae)" masterLastPageNumber="93" masterPageNumber="65" pageNumber="65" updateTime="1668169153165" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Taxonomic note on Trichelix horrida (Pfeiffer, 1863) from Laos, with a type catalogue of Moellendorffia, Trichelix, and Moellendorffiella (Heterobranchia, Camaenidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematic Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Inkhavilay, Khamla</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, National University of Laos, P. O. Box 7322, Dongdok, Vientiane, Laos</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematic Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">somsak.pan@chula.ac.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>952</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>65</mods:start>
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<mods:end>93</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.52695</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.52695</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-952-65</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9752C98C0C8F4BCC974BEEF6A47F0F59</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2BA2D209D7AA5CFA8272664366B9D9D5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="165940714" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1022CAD3022A5EDA841B929249734061" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1022CAD3022A5EDA841B929249734061" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName LSID="1022CAD3-022A-5EDA-841B-929249734061" authority="(Pfeiffer, 1863)" baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Trichelix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichelix horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida">Trichelix horrida (Pfeiffer, 1863)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail and shell A specimen CUMZ 5248 B specimen CUMZ 5249." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435097" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Figures 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genitalia and radula of T. horrida specimen CUMZ 5248 A General view of the genital system B Interior structure of the penis and vaginal chambers C Dorsal view showing head wart D Scanning electron micrographs of central, lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth is indicated by ' C' and the other numbers indicate the order of lateral and marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435098" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">, 2</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A Trichelix hiraseana, lectotype ANSP 89999 B Trichelix horrida, lectotype NHMUK 20200202 / 1 C Trichelix eucharista, syntype NHMUK 19991540 of Chloritis malangensis D Trichelix oshimana, syntype NHMUK 1922.8.29.83 E, F Trichelix tokunoensis E lectotype ANSP 87680 and F paralectotype ANSP 90048." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435103" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">, 7B</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="L.Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida">Helix horrida</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="268 - 278" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28627248" refId="B41" refString="Pfeiffer, L, 1863. Descriptions of thirty-six new land shells from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 30 (1862): 268 - 278, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28627248" title="Descriptions of thirty-six new land shells from the collection of H. Cuming, Esq." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28627248" volume="30" year="1863">Pfeiffer 1863</bibRefCitation>
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[
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“1862”">"1862"</normalizedToken>
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]: 272, pl. 36, fig. 15. Type locality: "Lao Mountains, Camboja" [probably in northern Laos around Luang Phrabang area, Laos].
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<bibRefCitation author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Brockhaus, Lipsiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12932069" refId="B42" refString="Pfeiffer, L, 1868a. Monographia Heliceorum Viventium, Supplement Tertium. Volume 5. F.A. Brockhaus, Lipsiae, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12932069" title="Monographia Heliceorum Viventium, Supplement Tertium. Volume 5. F. A." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12932069" year="1868 a">Pfeiffer 1868a</bibRefCitation>
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: 395.
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<bibRefCitation author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Brockhaus, Lipsiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10946681" refId="B43" refString="Pfeiffer, L, 1868b. [1867-1876] Novitates Conchologicae. Series prima. Mollusca extramarina. Descriptions et figures de coquilles, estramarines nouvelles, ou peu connues. Beschreibung und Abbidung neuer order kritischer Land- und Suesswasser Mollusken. Tome 3, Lief. 25-36: 301-510, plates 73-108. [pp. 369-430, pls 85-96 (1868)]. [Published in parts, dates follow Johnson (1969)]. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10946681" title="[1867 - 1876] Novitates Conchologicae. Series prima. Mollusca extramarina. Descriptions et figures de coquilles, estramarines nouvelles, ou peu connues. Beschreibung und Abbidung neuer order kritischer Land- und Suesswasser Mollusken. Tome 3, Lief. 25 - 36: 301 - 510, plates 73 - 108. [pp. 369 - 430, pls 85 - 96 (1868)]. [Published in parts, dates follow Johnson (1969)]." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10946681" year="1868 b">Pfeiffer 1868b</bibRefCitation>
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: 399, 400, pl. 92, figs 17-19.
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<bibRefCitation author="Pfeiffer, L" journalOrPublisher="Brockhaus, Lipsiae" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51339237" refId="B44" refString="Pfeiffer, L, Kobelt, W, 1880. [1877-1897] Die Schnirkelschnecken nebst den zunachst verwandten Gattungen. Vierter Theil. Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 1(12) [(4)]: 525-859, plates 162-228. [pp. 563-594, pls 168-172 (1880)] [Published in parts, dates follow Welter-Schultes (1999)]. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51339237" title="[1877 - 1897] Die Schnirkelschnecken nebst den zunachst verwandten Gattungen. Vierter Theil. Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 1 (12) [(4)]: 525 - 859, plates 162 - 228. [pp. 563 - 594, pls 168 - 172 (1880)] [Published in parts, dates follow Welter-Schultes (1999)]." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51339237" year="1880">Pfeiffer and Kobelt 1880</bibRefCitation>
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: 579, pl. 170, figs 8-10.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="L.Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix (Trihelix) horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida" subGenus="Trihelix">Helix (Trihelix) horrida</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Ancey, C-F" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28528930" refId="B1" refString="Ancey, C-F, 1887. Description of new genera or subgenera of Helicidae. The Conchologists Exchange 1: 64. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28528930" title="Description of new genera or subgenera of Helicidae. The Conchologists Exchange 1: 64." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/28528930" year="1887">Ancey 1887</bibRefCitation>
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: 64.
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<bibRefCitation author="Pilsbry, HA" journalOrPublisher="Academy of Natural Science Philadelphia, PA" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/23626780" refId="B45" refString="Pilsbry, HA, 1890. [1890-1891] Manual of Conchology, Structure and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Second Series, Volume 6 (Helicidae, Vol. IV). Academy of Natural Science Philadelphia, PA, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/23626780" title="[1890 - 1891] Manual of Conchology, Structure and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Second Series, Volume 6 (Helicidae, Vol. IV)." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/23626780" year="1890">Pilsbry 1890</bibRefCitation>
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: 9, pl. 1, figs 9-11.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="L.Pfeiffer" authorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix (Moellendorffia) horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida" subGenus="Moellendorffia">Helix (Moellendorffia) horrida</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Pilsbry, HA" journalOrPublisher="Academy of Natural Science Philadelphia, PA" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1103099" refId="B46" refString="Pilsbry, HA, 1895. [1893-1895] Manual of Conchology, Structure and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Second Series, Volume 9 (Helicidae, Vol. 7. Guide to the Study of Helices). Academy of Natural Science Philadelphia, PA, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1103099" title="[1893 - 1895] Manual of Conchology, Structure and Systematic, with Illustrations of the Species, Second Series, Volume 9 (Helicidae, Vol. 7. Guide to the Study of Helices)." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1103099" year="1895">Pilsbry 1895</bibRefCitation>
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: 290.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="L.Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Moellendorffia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Moellendorffia (Trichelix) horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida" subGenus="Trichelix">Moellendorffia (Trichelix) horrida</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Zilch, A" journalOrPublisher="Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" refId="B65" refString="Zilch, A, 1960 [1959-1960]. Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda. Gebrueder Borntraeger, Berlin" title="Gastropoda, Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf OH (Ed.) Handbuch der Palaeozoologie, Band 6, Gastropoda." year="1960 [1959 - 1960]">Zilch 1960</bibRefCitation>
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: 612.
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay, K" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 166" refId="B21" refString="Inkhavilay, K, Sutcharit, C, Bantaowong, U, Chanabun, R, Siriwut, W, Srisonchai, R, Pholyotha, A, Jirapatrasilp, P, Panha, S, 2019. Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1 - 166, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
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: 105, figs 53f, 54a, 58h.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="L.Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Moellendorffia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Moellendorffia horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida">Moellendorffia horrida</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Richardson, L" journalOrPublisher="Tryonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 479" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57458814" refId="B50" refString="Richardson, L, 1985. Camaenidae: catalog of species. Tryonia 12: 1 - 479, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57458814" title="Camaenidae: catalog of species." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/57458814" volume="12" year="1985">Richardson 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 185.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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Three specimens originating from H.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cuming’s">Cuming's</normalizedToken>
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collection with the original label stating the taxon name and collection location in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pfeiffer’s">Pfeiffer's</normalizedToken>
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handwriting are present in the malacological collection of the NHMUK. Of these specimens, the one most closely matching the measurements given in the original description is here designated as the lectotype NHMUK 20200202/1 (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A Trichelix hiraseana, lectotype ANSP 89999 B Trichelix horrida, lectotype NHMUK 20200202 / 1 C Trichelix eucharista, syntype NHMUK 19991540 of Chloritis malangensis D Trichelix oshimana, syntype NHMUK 1922.8.29.83 E, F Trichelix tokunoensis E lectotype ANSP 87680 and F paralectotype ANSP 90048." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435103" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">7B</figureCitation>
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) to stabilize the name. The other two shells from the same lot become paralectotypes NHMUK 20200202/2 to 20200202/3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Trichelix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichelix horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Trichelix horrida</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was originally described based on specimens collected by H. Mouhot, with "Lao Mountain, Camboja" as the published type locality. Our survey following
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Mouhot’s">Mouhot's</normalizedToken>
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itinerary in the south-western part of Cambodia yielded no specimens that could be identified in this genus. This record type locality seems to be imprecise. On the other hand, our survey in the northern part of Laos, where Mouhot had visited Luang Phrabang in 1861, recorded populations of this species in Muang Ngoi about 90 km north of Luang Phrabang City. Therefore, we restricted the known distribution and propose Luang Phrabang Province, Laos as the correct type locality for this species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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Moist evergreen forest on limestone hills between Ban Pha Toke and Ban Nong Ian, Muang Ngoi (Town), Ngoi District, Luang Phrabang Province, Laos (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="31.2" value="20.542">20°32'31.2"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="56.3" value="102.64897">102°38'56.3"E</geoCoordinate>
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): CUMZ 5248 (eight specimens in ethanol; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail and shell A specimen CUMZ 5248 B specimen CUMZ 5249." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435097" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">1A</figureCitation>
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), CUMZ 5249 (five shells; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Living snail and shell A specimen CUMZ 5248 B specimen CUMZ 5249." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435097" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">1B</figureCitation>
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), CUMZ 5250 (one shell).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435097" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Living snail and shell
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
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specimen CUMZ 5248
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B</emphasis>
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specimen CUMZ 5249.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Measurement.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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From 10 specimens analyzed; shell height ranged from 12.4-14.7 mm (mean 13.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.0); shell width ranged from 20.8-23.9 mm (mean 22.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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1.2); and whorl count ranged from 6-6⅛ whorls.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="shell">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Shell.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
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Shell medium-sized, dextral, slightly thin, translucent, depressed globose, biconcave shaped (dorsoventrally concave), and deeply umbilicate. Whorls 5-6, slightly convex, and increasing regularly; suture depressed, spire concave, looking like umbilicus. Embryonic shell large with very fine growth lines. Following whorl with corneous to brownish periostracum; upper surface with long hairs arranged in oblique rows; lower surface with slightly shorter hairs and few hairs around umbilicus. In worn specimens, shell surface possesses rough rows of tubercles running obliquely and descending, relatively smooth around umbilicus. Last whorl well rounded and little convex below periphery. Last whorl descending about
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<normalizedToken originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
|
||
whorl from aperture, and constriction occurs close to apertural lip. Aperture ear-shaped and opened subventrally; lip margin pale corneous, little thickened, and continuously expanded. External furrow aligns with internal apertural lamella or fold. Upper periphery marked with two furrows arranged spirally and correspond with palatal lamella and fold; below periphery with one furrow close to lip aligned with basal lamella. Parietal callus thickened, elevated, emarginated, and obtusely projecting inward. Umbilicus wide, but narrower than apex side which is cascade-shouldered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="genitalia">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Genitalia.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Atrium (at) short; penis (p) long; proximally with penial verge and enlarged fold at penial verge base; distally similar in length as proximally and somewhat slender tube. Epiphallus (e) slightly enlarged and almost the same length as penis. Flagellum (fl) very short and small. Vas deferens (vd) a small tube, follows vagina and penis, and connects distally on epiphallus and free oviduct. Penial retractor muscle (pr) slightly thickened and long (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genitalia and radula of T. horrida specimen CUMZ 5248 A General view of the genital system B Interior structure of the penis and vaginal chambers C Dorsal view showing head wart D Scanning electron micrographs of central, lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth is indicated by ' C' and the other numbers indicate the order of lateral and marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435098" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Internal wall of penis ribbed by a series of swollen longitudinal penial pilasters (pp). Smooth pilasters line introverts penial chamber and encircles penial verge tip. Penial verge (pv) small, short conic with smooth surface (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genitalia and radula of T. horrida specimen CUMZ 5248 A General view of the genital system B Interior structure of the penis and vaginal chambers C Dorsal view showing head wart D Scanning electron micrographs of central, lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth is indicated by ' C' and the other numbers indicate the order of lateral and marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435098" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Vagina (v) of similar length to proximal penis and held in position by series of muscles attached to foot floor. Gametolytic organ (duct and sac) long, cylindrical, and extending as far as albumen gland. Gametolytic duct (gd) as wide as gametolytic sac (gs) for most of its length but narrows before reaching gametolytic sac. Free oviduct (fo) short, about half of vagina length; oviduct (ov) small. Prostate gland (pg) and oviduct (ov) developed; hermaphroditic duct long and convoluted tube; albumen gland solid and tongue shape (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genitalia and radula of T. horrida specimen CUMZ 5248 A General view of the genital system B Interior structure of the penis and vaginal chambers C Dorsal view showing head wart D Scanning electron micrographs of central, lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth is indicated by ' C' and the other numbers indicate the order of lateral and marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435098" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">2A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Internal wall of vagina possesses several longitudinal vaginal pilasters (vp). Pilasters with smooth surface and line entire vaginal chamber (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genitalia and radula of T. horrida specimen CUMZ 5248 A General view of the genital system B Interior structure of the penis and vaginal chambers C Dorsal view showing head wart D Scanning electron micrographs of central, lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth is indicated by ' C' and the other numbers indicate the order of lateral and marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435098" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">2B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435098" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia and radula of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. horrida" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="horrida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">T. horrida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 5248
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
|
||
General view of the genital system
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">B</emphasis>
|
||
Interior structure of the penis and vaginal chambers
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">C</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view showing head wart
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">D</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron micrographs of central, lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth is indicated by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘C’">'C'</normalizedToken>
|
||
and the other numbers indicate the order of lateral and marginal teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="animal">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Animal.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Live animal covered with blackish-brown reticulated skin and dorsally with whitish stripe in middle of the body. A small curved head wart (hw) is located between the posterior tentacles (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genitalia and radula of T. horrida specimen CUMZ 5248 A General view of the genital system B Interior structure of the penis and vaginal chambers C Dorsal view showing head wart D Scanning electron micrographs of central, lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth is indicated by ' C' and the other numbers indicate the order of lateral and marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435098" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">2C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Foot narrow and long; mantle edge greyish; tentacles brownish, and lower tentacles pale brown. Mantle cavity possesses blackish pigmentation. Live snails possess short to long periostracal hairs, which mostly disappear in worn shells or old snails.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="radula">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Radula.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
Teeth arranged in anteriorly pointed, V-shaped rows; each row contains about 75 (37-(18-20)-1-(18-20)-38) teeth. Central tooth unicuspid, triangular with blunt cusp. Lateral teeth unicuspid, triangular with blunt tip, gradually taller laterally and little inclined to central tooth. Marginal teeth starting around tooth numbers 18 to 20 outwards from lateral teeth. Tricuspid or bicuspid marginal teeth, endocone usually absent; mesocone large, broad and with curved to blunt cusp; ectocone slightly large, pointed head and located at base of the teeth. Outer marginal teeth rather small; mesocone and ectocone indistinguishable, with undulated cusp (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Genitalia and radula of T. horrida specimen CUMZ 5248 A General view of the genital system B Interior structure of the penis and vaginal chambers C Dorsal view showing head wart D Scanning electron micrographs of central, lateral and marginal teeth. Central tooth is indicated by ' C' and the other numbers indicate the order of lateral and marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435098" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">2D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Trichelix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichelix horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Trichelix horrida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was previously known only from the type locality ("Lao Mountain, Cambojia" [Cambodia or Laos]). The specimens examined herein were collected from limestone karst in Muang Ngoi Town, about 90 km north of Luang Phrabang City.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Our sampling locality was characterized by monsoonal karst landforms with high humidity. The snails occurred in tropical moist deciduous forest. There was heavy rain before our visit in August 2014. The snails were active, crawling or sitting on moist rotten logs among the limestone outcrops.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="65" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="65">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Trichelix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichelix horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Trichelix horrida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinctly different in shell morphology from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ancey" authorityYear="1887" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Moellendorffia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Moellendorffia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Moellendorffia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by having a concave spire, rounded last whorl, and two furrows arranged spirally on the upper periphery (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Comparison of Trichelix (continental and eastern Asian islands species) and the related genera Moellendorffia and Moellendorffiella." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9F602ADCDD434487C62B95F891AAA065" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" tableUuid="9F602ADCDD434487C62B95F891AAA065">1</tableCitation>
|
||
). In contrast,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ancey" authorityYear="1887" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Moellendorffia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Moellendorffia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Moellendorffia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species tend to have flattened to elevated spires, rounded to shouldered last whorls, and two furrows arranged vertically on the periphery.
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Pfeiffer" baseAuthorityYear="1863" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Trichelix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trichelix horrida" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="horrida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Trichelix horrida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the other congeners in having two short furrows on the last whorl and an elevated parietal callus (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A Trichelix hiraseana, lectotype ANSP 89999 B Trichelix horrida, lectotype NHMUK 20200202 / 1 C Trichelix eucharista, syntype NHMUK 19991540 of Chloritis malangensis D Trichelix oshimana, syntype NHMUK 1922.8.29.83 E, F Trichelix tokunoensis E lectotype ANSP 87680 and F paralectotype ANSP 90048." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435103" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
), while
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. biscalpta" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="biscalpta">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">T. biscalpta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. hiraseana" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="hiraseana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">T. hiraseana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
tend to have a long furrow on the last whorl and unelevated parietal callus (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. A Moellendorffia spurca, syntype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 1992 B Moellendorffia trisinuata, syntype ZMB 7620 C Trichelix biscalpta, syntype MCZ 167125 D Trichelix diminuta, lectotype ANSP 90049 E Trichelix eucharista, lectotype ANSP 81221 F Trichelix hiraseana, lectotype SMF 7404 / 1 of Stegodera helleri. Photo: AJ Baldinger (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435102" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A Trichelix hiraseana, lectotype ANSP 89999 B Trichelix horrida, lectotype NHMUK 20200202 / 1 C Trichelix eucharista, syntype NHMUK 19991540 of Chloritis malangensis D Trichelix oshimana, syntype NHMUK 1922.8.29.83 E, F Trichelix tokunoensis E lectotype ANSP 87680 and F paralectotype ANSP 90048." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.952.52695.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/435103" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">7A</figureCitation>
|
||
). In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. hiraseana" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="hiraseana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">T. hiraseana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a relatively long, drumstick-shaped flagellum, while the type species has a very short protrusion (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Minato, H" journalOrPublisher="Chiribotan" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="20 - 34" refId="B30" refString="Minato, H, 2011. A memorandum of the studies of Japanese land snails (8), the genus Moellendorffia (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) from Amami Islands. Chiribotan 45: 20 - 34" title="A memorandum of the studies of Japanese land snails (8), the genus Moellendorffia (Pulmonata: Camaenidae) from Amami Islands." volume="45" year="2011">Minato 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for a comparison). In addition,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Benson" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Gastropoda" family="Camaenidae" genus="Chloritis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chloritis bifoveata" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bifoveata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">Chloritis bifoveata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Benson, 1850) from Myanmar and Thailand,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. diplochone" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="diplochone">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">C. diplochone</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
|
||
, 1898 from Laos and Thailand, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. vinhensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="vinhensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">C. vinhensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Thach & Huber, 2018 from Vietnam differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. horrida" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="horrida">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">T. horrida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a thin parietal callus, with a shell constriction occurring about half a whorl from the aperture (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="C. vinhensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" rank="species" species="vinhensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="65">C. vinhensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and without apertural dentition (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Conchology" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="277 - 285" refId="B56" refString="Sutcharit, C, Panha, S, 2010. Taxonomic re-evaluation of Chloritis bifoveata (Benson, 1856) and C. diplochone Moellendorff, 1898 (Pulmonata: Camaeniade). Journal of Conchology 40: 277 - 285" title="Taxonomic re-evaluation of Chloritis bifoveata (Benson, 1856) and C. diplochone Moellendorff, 1898 (Pulmonata: Camaeniade)." volume="40" year="2010">Sutcharit and Panha 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.865.36296" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="137 - 154" refId="B38" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Neubert, E, 2019. New insights in Trichochloritis Pilsbry, 1891 and its relatives (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae). ZooKeys 865: 137 - 154, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.865.36296" title="New insights in Trichochloritis Pilsbry, 1891 and its relatives (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.865.36296" volume="865" year="2019">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Neubert 2019
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.028.002" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="Folia Malacologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="65" pagination="35 - 76" refId="B37" refString="Pall-Gergely, B, Hunyadi, A, Auffenberg, K, 2020. Taxonomic vandalism in malacology: comments on molluscan taxa recently described by N. N. Thach and colleagues (2014-2019). Folia Malacologica 28: 35 - 76, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.028.002" title="Taxonomic vandalism in malacology: comments on molluscan taxa recently described by N. N. Thach and colleagues (2014 - 2019)." url="https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.028.002" volume="28" year="2020">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
|
||
et al. 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |