476 lines
64 KiB
XML
476 lines
64 KiB
XML
<document id="39DA0919CB695C7D7CD51C07D8B9830D" ID-CLB-Dataset="27741" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4532.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6f171b80-465d-4b71-b931-c0c18c9e244d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2615473" ID-ZooBank="96CB3686-4EDC-4B32-A06F-B859E868B7AF" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553788420488" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Nicholls, James A., Melika, George & Stone, Graham N." docDate="2018" docId="51323C4286644D4BBE9FFBF1423FFDDE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4532.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4532 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dryocosmus demartinii Nicholls & Melika & Stone 2018, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="413" masterDocId="AD0B443A86674D4DBE08FFA44019FFBE" masterDocTitle="New species of Dryocosmus Giraud gallwasps from California (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) galling Chrysolepis Hjelmq. (Fagaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="433" masterPageNumber="407" pageNumber="410" updateTime="1698715082925" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="0C14B1040DBA16C2DB0D405EE732F419" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="975D5ED0E73DD4834533BC7A3D277DAA">
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<mods:title id="34003E21B747A8258904DF7DB1C508F8">New species of Dryocosmus Giraud gallwasps from California (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini) galling Chrysolepis Hjelmq. (Fagaceae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CA6956F29F31DEFCFFFCDE6D2EA05E68" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="09E955C5AB82FCDE90EB4DE4C6E6282B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="79D1BCA5A5F94D5C8EFBCCC586E53D67">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="50FDC6EF11A82C63BB02A5F916C680A7">Nicholls, James A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A35089C5CBD57382F9C14873C3D3B79C">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FA62706A776BDD71EFBE7076A2E776BC" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E80BD90CAB8E64251858F3A0C945DD77">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="76D8CBDAF53DAB083BEBAADFC8DC8361">Stone, Graham N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9AE09184783EBCC6B373AC4C3BB0F6A2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="97824B3A4B2D5E201C12D02CFF7ABB52">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="15E235B7C49C64E69155ABB845137953">
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<mods:date id="0D2277A59E772CF3F28B1EE1DF98CE17">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4BB619E61250AA83CFBB0586C20D8AAB">2018-12-19</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0828021D3E87A282983290F6122188C2" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="84E45449E692B4A871D1250F5BE2DC32">4532</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9583486C12499335DA51382F384CA098" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="CBC1B1FB3524D66E6B64D69637D3339D">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="84FDA5DDC02F2994176C22D079A6C4ED" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4532.3.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="51323C4286644D4BBE9FFBF1423FFDDE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5953652" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154521401" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5953652" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51323C4286644D4BBE9FFBF1423FFDDE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/51323C4286644D4BBE9FFBF1423FFDDE" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<subSubSection id="9181DEDF86644D4EBE9FFBF14397FBD1" box="[151,910,1109,1135]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D9248D5486644D4EBE9FFBF14397FBD1" blockId="3.[151,972,1109,1205]" box="[151,910,1109,1135]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<heading id="826C3A3886644D4EBE9FFBF14397FBD1" bold="true" box="[151,910,1109,1135]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBE9FFBF14397FBD1" bold="true" box="[151,910,1109,1135]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBE9FFBF142E8FBD1" authority="Melika, Nicholls & Stone" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,753,1109,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demartinii" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBE9FFBF141A8FBD1" bold="true" box="[151,433,1109,1135]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Dryocosmus demartinii</emphasis>
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Melika, Nicholls & Stone
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0DCEC3D86644D4EBCF6FBF14397FBD1" box="[766,910,1109,1135]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9181DEDF86644D4EBE9FFBD343D5FB0B" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D9248D5486644D4EBE9FFBD3411FFB2E" blockId="3.[151,972,1109,1205]" box="[151,262,1143,1168]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<figureCitation id="41A091D186644D4EBE9FFBD340C1FB2E" box="[151,216,1143,1168]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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–17
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D9248D5486644D4EBE9FFB3843D5FB0B" blockId="3.[151,972,1109,1205]" box="[151,972,1180,1205]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<subSubSection id="9181DEDF86644D4EBE9FFB404262F912" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="D9248D5486644D4EBE9FFB404262F912" blockId="3.[151,1437,1252,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBE9FFB404151FB43" bold="true" box="[151,328,1252,1277]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="69F3870986644D4EBF5BFB4042ACF936" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2119294197" collectionCode="CA" collectorName="J. Nicholls" country="United States of America" location="Arcata" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" specimenCode="CA1308, CA1314" specimenCount="24" specimenCount-female="24" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="062033F686644D4EBF5BFB4041A2FB43" box="[339,443,1252,1277]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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female: “
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<collectingCountry id="A18CCDC486644D4EBC27FB404275FB42" box="[559,620,1252,1276]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBC72FB4042BAFB42" box="[634,675,1252,1276]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="C896947686644D4EBCBBFB40438DFB42" box="[691,916,1252,1277]" location="Arcata" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<quantity id="1E6320B186644D4EBCBBFB4042E4FB43" box="[691,765,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
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E of Arcata
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</locationDeviation>
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, leg.
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<collectorName id="746EE88286644D4EBDDEFB41444DFB43" box="[982,1108,1252,1277]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">J. Nicholls</collectorName>
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, 2011.10.27, ex
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||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBB1EFB404131FA9E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
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||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBB1EFB404131FA9E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis chrysophylla</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(spCAb7_4,
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<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBFB7FAAC423DFA9E" box="[447,548,1288,1312]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1308</specimenCode>
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)”, and
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<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBC7BFAAC42FAFA9E" box="[627,739,1287,1312]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">12 female</specimenCount>
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<typeStatus id="062033F686644D4EBCE3FAAC4342FA9E" box="[747,859,1288,1312]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBD6EFAAC43D1FA9E" box="[870,968,1287,1312]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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as “
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<collectingCountry id="A18CCDC486644D4EBDF2FAAC442EFA9E" box="[1018,1079,1288,1312]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBA4AFAAC4472FA9E" box="[1090,1131,1288,1312]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="C896947686644D4EBA70FAAC4557FA9E" box="[1144,1358,1287,1312]" location="Arcata" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<quantity id="1E6320B186644D4EBA70FAAC44D9FA9E" box="[1144,1216,1287,1312]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
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E of Arcata
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</locationDeviation>
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, leg.
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||
<collectorName id="746EE88286644D4EBB82FAAC40E0FAFB" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">J. Nicholls</collectorName>
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||
, 2011.09.28, adult emerge 2012.10.0 5, ex
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||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBCEEFA88441EFAFA" box="[742,1031,1324,1348]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
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||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBCEEFA88441EFAFA" box="[742,1031,1324,1348]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis chrysophylla</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(spCAb7_14,
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<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBAB9FA88450EFAFA" box="[1201,1303,1324,1348]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1314</specimenCode>
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)”;
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<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBB30FA884585FAFB" box="[1336,1436,1324,1349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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(without metasoma) as “
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<collectingCountry id="A18CCDC486644D4EBFA5FAF441F3FAD6" box="[429,490,1360,1384]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">USA</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBFFEFAF44206FAD6" box="[502,543,1360,1384]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
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,
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<locationDeviation id="C896947686644D4EBC25FAF4431FFAD6" box="[557,774,1359,1384]" location="Arcata" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
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<quantity id="1E6320B186644D4EBC25FAF4426CFAD6" box="[557,629,1359,1384]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
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E of Arcata
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</locationDeviation>
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, leg.
|
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<collectorName id="746EE88286644D4EBD4CFAF443D8FAD6" box="[836,961,1359,1384]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">J. Nicholls</collectorName>
|
||
, 2011.10.27, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBA75FAF44585FAD6" box="[1149,1436,1360,1384]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBA75FAF44585FAD6" box="[1149,1436,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(spCAb7_3,
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBF2FFAD04195FA32" box="[295,396,1396,1420]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1308</specimenCode>
|
||
)”;
|
||
<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBFA4FAD04200FA33" box="[428,537,1396,1421]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
|
||
as “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A18CCDC486644D4EBC44FAD04291FA32" box="[588,648,1396,1420]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBC9DFAD042A7FA32" box="[661,702,1396,1420]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="C896947686644D4EBCC3FAD043BBFA32" box="[715,930,1396,1421]" location="Arcata" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
|
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<quantity id="1E6320B186644D4EBCC3FAD0430AFA33" box="[715,787,1396,1421]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
E of Arcata
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="746EE88286644D4EBDD7FAD14442FA33" box="[991,1115,1396,1421]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">J. Nicholls</collectorName>
|
||
, 2011.10.27, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBB1EFAD04131FA0E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBB1EFAD04131FA0E" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, however, with different field collection codes: spCAb7_5 (
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBA14FA3C4499FA0E" box="[1052,1152,1432,1456]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1308</specimenCode>
|
||
), spCAb7_6 (
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBB24FA3C4589FA0E" box="[1324,1424,1432,1456]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1308</specimenCode>
|
||
), spCAb7_7 (
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBF17FA18419AFA6A" box="[287,387,1468,1492]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1308</specimenCode>
|
||
), spCAb7_9 (
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBC29FA18429CFA6A" box="[545,645,1468,1492]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1308</specimenCode>
|
||
), spCAb7_10 (
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBD38FA18438CFA6A" box="[816,917,1468,1492]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1308</specimenCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBDA2FA184414FA6B" box="[938,1037,1468,1493]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
as “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A18CCDC486644D4EBA48FA184464FA6A" box="[1088,1149,1468,1492]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBA81FA1844ABFA6A" box="[1161,1202,1468,1492]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="C896947686644D4EBAC8FA184581FA6A" box="[1216,1432,1468,1493]" location="Arcata" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<quantity id="1E6320B186644D4EBAC8FA184511FA6B" box="[1216,1288,1468,1493]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
E of Arcata
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="746EE88286644D4EBEC3FA444150FA46" box="[203,329,1503,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">J. Nicholls</collectorName>
|
||
, 2011.09.28, adult emerge 2012.08.25, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBD32FA444445FA46" box="[826,1116,1504,1528]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBD32FA444445FA46" box="[826,1116,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(spCAb7_12,
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBB0EFA444575FA46" box="[1286,1388,1504,1528]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1314</specimenCode>
|
||
)”;
|
||
<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBB85FA4440FAF9A3" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
|
||
as “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A18CCDC486644D4EBF1FF9A0414DF9A2" box="[279,340,1540,1564]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBF69F9A04193F9A2" box="[353,394,1540,1564]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="C896947686644D4EBF90F9A0426AF9A2" box="[408,627,1540,1565]" location="Arcata" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<quantity id="1E6320B186644D4EBF90F9A041F8F9A3" box="[408,481,1540,1565]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
E of Arcata
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="746EE88286644D4EBCBAF9A14336F9A3" box="[690,815,1540,1565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">J. Nicholls</collectorName>
|
||
, 2011.09.28, adult emerge 2012.08.25, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBB1EF9A04131F9FE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBB1EF9A04131F9FE" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(spCAb7_17,
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBFC7F98C422DF9FE" box="[463,564,1576,1600]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1314</specimenCode>
|
||
)”;
|
||
<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBC5DF98C42DBF9FE" box="[597,706,1575,1600]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">3 females</specimenCount>
|
||
as “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A18CCDC486644D4EBCFEF98C432BF9FE" box="[758,818,1576,1600]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBD48F98C4370F9FE" box="[832,873,1576,1600]" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="1E6320B186644D4EBD7FF98C43A6F9FE" box="[887,959,1575,1600]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
E of
|
||
<location id="DC44DB8F86644D4EBA0AF98C4449F9FE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:51323C4286644D4BBE9FFBF1423FFDDE:DC44DB8F86644D4EBA0AF98C4449F9FE" box="[1026,1104,1576,1600]" country="United States of America" name="Arcata" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Arcata</location>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="746EE88286644D4EBA87F98C4515F9FE" box="[1167,1292,1575,1600]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">J. Nicholls</collectorName>
|
||
, 2011.09.28, adult emerge 2012.10.0 5, ex
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBFEDF9E8431CF9DA" box="[485,773,1612,1636]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBFEDF9E8431CF9DA" box="[485,773,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, with three different field codes: spCAb7_18 (
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBB23F9E84596F9DA" box="[1323,1423,1612,1636]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1314</specimenCode>
|
||
), spCAb7_20 (
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBF39F9D4418CF936" box="[305,405,1648,1672]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1314</specimenCode>
|
||
), spCAb7_21 (
|
||
<specimenCode id="893D252F86644D4EBC40F9D442B4F936" box="[584,685,1648,1672]" collectionCode="CA" country="USA" name="Chicago Academy of Sciences" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">CA1314</specimenCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="69F3870986644D4EBCCDF9CB426EF912" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2119288314" collectionCode="USNM, PHMB" country="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" specimenCount="13" specimenCount-female="12" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="062033F686644D4EBCCDF9CB4334F936" box="[709,813,1647,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
female and
|
||
<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBDCFF9D44434F936" box="[967,1069,1647,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="062033F686644D4EBA32F9D444BCF936" box="[1082,1189,1648,1672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are deposited in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBE9FF93040F2F912" box="[151,235,1684,1708]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="CF9D46DD86644D4EBEFEF930417CF913" box="[246,357,1684,1709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="female">10 female</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="062033F686644D4EBF64F93141CEF913" box="[364,471,1685,1709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="BF8A159186644D4EBC2CF931426EF912" box="[548,631,1685,1708]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">PHMB</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9181DEDF86644D4EBECFF9134227F94B" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486644D4EBECFF9134227F94B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1252,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBECFF913415FF96E" bold="true" box="[199,326,1719,1744]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. Named in honour of Prof. John DeMartini, who searched extensively to discover new gall
|
||
<typeStatus id="062033F686644D4EBB69F91D4585F96F" box="[1377,1436,1721,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">types</typeStatus>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBEB2F9784159F94A" box="[186,320,1756,1780]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBEB2F9784159F94A" box="[186,320,1756,1780]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other oak species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9181DEDF86644D49BECFF95B4242FD4E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486644D49BECFF95B4242FD4E" blockId="3.[151,1437,1252,2033]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="411" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBECFF95B4158F8A6" bold="true" box="[199,321,1791,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBF4FF95B41B0F8A6" box="[327,425,1791,1816]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Cynipini">Cynipini</taxonomicName>
|
||
host-plant associations are extremely conserved phylogenetically (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD0AF0A586644D4EBA9DF8A4454EF8A6" author="Stone, G. N. & Hernandez-Lopez, A. & Nicholls, J. A. & di Pierro, E. & Pujade-Villar, J & Melika, G. & Cook, J. M." box="[1173,1367,1792,1816]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" pagination="854 - 869" refId="ref14707" refString="Stone, G. N., Hernandez-Lopez, A., Nicholls, J. A., di Pierro, E., Pujade-Villar, J, Melika, G., & Cook, J. M. (2009) Extreme host plant conservatism during at least 20 million years of host plant pursuit by oak gallwasps. Evolution, 63, 854 - 869. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1558 - 5646.2008.00604. x" type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Stone
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBAD5F8A5450CF8A6" box="[1245,1301,1792,1816]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with monophyletic lineages typically galling only a single subgenus of oaks or genus of other non-oak
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBB3CF8814585F883" authorityName="" authorityYear="1829" box="[1332,1436,1829,1853]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBEA8F8EC4113F8E1" box="[160,266,1864,1887]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBEA8F8EC4113F8E1" box="[160,266,1864,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Castanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBF1FF8EC41B9F8E1" box="[279,416,1864,1887]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBF1FF8EC41B9F8E1" box="[279,416,1864,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Castanopsis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBFA5F8EC422DF8DE" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1824" box="[429,564,1864,1888]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBFA5F8EC422DF8DE" box="[429,564,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Lithocarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBC79F8EC432CF8DE" box="[625,821,1864,1888]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Notholithocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBC79F8EC432CF8DE" box="[625,821,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Notholithocarpus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD0AF0A586644D4EBD4BF8ED43EEF8DE" author="Tang, C. - T. & Melika, G. & Nicholls, J. A. & Yang, M. - M. & Stone, G. N." box="[835,1015,1864,1889]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" pagination="33 - 62" refId="ref14891" refString="Tang, C. - T., Melika, G., Nicholls, J. A., Yang, M. - M. & Stone, G. N. (2011) A new genus of oak gallwasps, Cycloneuroterus Melika & Tang, with the description of five new species from Taiwan (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 3008, 33 - 62." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Tang
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBD89F8ED43A8F8DE" box="[897,945,1864,1888]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD0AF0A586644D4EBA0BF8E34459F8DE" author="Tang, C. - T. & Miko, I. & Nicholls, J. A. & Schweger, S. & Yang, M. - M. & Stone, G. N. & Sinclair, F. & Bozso, M. & Melika, G. & Penzes, Z." box="[1027,1088,1863,1888]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" pagination="77 - 162" refId="ref14965" refString="Tang, C. - T., Miko, I., Nicholls, J. A., Schweger, S., Yang, M. - M., Stone, G. N., Sinclair, F., Bozso, M., Melika, G. & Penzes, Z. (2016) New Dryocosmus Giraud species associated with Cyclobalanopsis and non- Quercus host plants from the Eastern Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 53, 77 - 162. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / jhr. 53.9890" type="journal article" year="2016">2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Hence, we provide diagnostic characters to distinguish only those
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBC38F8C942A5F83A" box="[560,700,1901,1924]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBC38F8C942A5F83A" box="[560,700,1901,1924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Dryocosmus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species which are trophically associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBAC4F8C8454BF83A" box="[1228,1362,1900,1924]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBAC4F8C8454BF83A" box="[1228,1362,1900,1924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Chrysolepis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBB89F8C94115F816" authority="Nicholls & Melika & Stone, 2018" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demartinii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBB89F8C94115F816" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">D. demartinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBF16F82B41B4F816" bold="true" box="[286,429,1935,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0DCEC3D86644D4EBF16F82B41B4F816" box="[286,429,1935,1960]" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
the gena in anterior view are slightly broadened behind the eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186644D4EBAB6F82B451DF816" box="[1214,1284,1935,1960]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is a character state typical for asexual females; the timing of gall development and emergence of adults also indicate the described samples represent an asexual generation. Both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBD5DF87D440BF84E" box="[853,1042,2008,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBD5DF87D440BF84E" box="[853,1042,2008,2032]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">D. castanopsidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786644D4EBA46F87D44FAF84E" box="[1102,1251,2008,2032]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="410" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rileypokei">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686644D4EBA46F87D44FAF84E" box="[1102,1251,2008,2032]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="410">D. rileypokei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are also known from their asexual generations.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BC01FF3D430CFF0E" authority="Nicholls & Melika & Stone, 2018" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[521,789,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demartinii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BC01FF3D430CFF0E" box="[521,789,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Dryocosmus demartinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BD2EFF3343ADFF0E" bold="true" box="[806,948,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0DCEC3D86634D49BD2EFF3343ADFF0E" box="[806,948,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
most closely resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BADEFF3D458DFF0E" box="[1238,1428,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BADEFF3D458DFF0E" box="[1238,1428,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D. castanopsidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BF04FF1941BCFF6A" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[268,421,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demartinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BF04FF1941BCFF6A" box="[268,421,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D. demartinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smaller in size, body dark brown to black, setae less dense, female F1 longer than F2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BE97FF7B40FAFF46" box="[159,227,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), the radial cell 4.1x longer than broad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BCADFF7B42F1FF46" box="[677,744,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BD34FF4543EEFF46" box="[828,1015,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="castanopsidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BD34FF4543EEFF46" box="[828,1015,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D. castanopsidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is larger in size, body reddish brown, setae denser, length of female F1 equal F2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BC77FEA042CBFEA2" box="[639,722,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1966,1989]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,460,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1435,460,1933]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Dryocosmus castanopsidis, asexual female: 86–89, head: 86, anterior view, 87, dorsal view, 88, posterior view, 89, lateral view. 90, antenna. 91, forewing, part." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615503/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 90</figureCitation>
|
||
), the radial cell 3.6x longer than broad (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BA99FEA044FCFEA2" box="[1169,1253,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 86–91" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1966,1989]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,460,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1435,460,1933]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 86–91. Dryocosmus castanopsidis, asexual female: 86–89, head: 86, anterior view, 87, dorsal view, 88, posterior view, 89, lateral view. 90, antenna. 91, forewing, part." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615503/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 91</figureCitation>
|
||
). Since the galls of asexual
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BF1EFE8D41A9FEFE" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[278,432,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demartinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BF1EFE8D41A9FEFE" box="[278,432,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D. demartinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are hard to tell apart from the asexual galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BDD4FE8D446BFEFE" box="[988,1138,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rileypokei">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BDD4FE8D446BFEFE" box="[988,1138,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D. rileypokei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, diagnostic characters for separating the asexual females of these two species are as follows. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BDD2FEE94468FEDA" box="[986,1137,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rileypokei">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BDD2FEE943F7FEDA" box="[986,1006,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BA09FEE84468FEDA" box="[1025,1137,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">rileypokei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the head, mesosoma and metasoma are reddish brown, the gena measured along the ventral margin of eye are as broad as the diameter of eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BE97FE3040EDFE12" box="[159,244,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,559,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1435,555,1957]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Dryocosmus rileypokei, asexual female. 69–72, head, female: 69, anterior view, 70, dorsal view, 71, posterior view, 72, lateral view. 73, antenna. 74, forewing, part." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615497/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
|
||
), F1=F2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BF6EFE3041A2FE12" box="[358,443,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[160,1426,559,1943]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1435,555,1957]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. Dryocosmus rileypokei, asexual female. 69–72, head, female: 69, anterior view, 70, dorsal view, 71, posterior view, 72, lateral view. 73, antenna. 74, forewing, part." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615497/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
), the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium is greater than 3.0x longer than broad from the ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BC2FFE134264FE6E" box="[551,637,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–79" captionStartId="17.[151,264,1364,1387]" captionTargetBox="[154,1417,202,1337]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1435,193,1344]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 75–79. Dryocosmus rileypokei, asexual female. 75, mesosoma, lateral view. 76, mesoscutum, dorsal view. 77, mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 78, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. 79, metasoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615499/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
|
||
), while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BCF4FE1D438FFE6E" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[764,918,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demartinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BCF4FE1D438FFE6E" box="[764,918,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D. demartinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the head, mesosoma and metasoma are dark brown to black, the gena measured along the ventral margin of eye are broader than the diameter of eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BB2EFE784573FE4A" box="[1318,1386,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
), F1 1.2x longer than F2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BF86FE5B41CCFDA6" box="[398,469,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium is as long as broad in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BF39FD80419CFD82" box="[305,389,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–13" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[154,1425,666,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1435,663,1924]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9–13. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 9, mesosoma, dorsal view. 10, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 11, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. 12–13, metasoma: 12, lateral view, 13, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615477/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species also resembles
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BCDCFD814324FD82" box="[724,829,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BCDCFD814320FD82" authority="Nicholls & Melika & Stone, 2018" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[724,825,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juliae" status="sp. nov.">D. juliae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BD4CFD8043D7FD83" bold="true" box="[836,974,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0DCEC3D86634D49BD4CFD8043D7FD83" box="[836,974,548,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BDF2FD814488FD82" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[1018,1169,548,572]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demartinii">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BDF2FD814488FD82" box="[1018,1169,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D. demartinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
F1 longer than F2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BB67FD8040BFFDDE" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
), genae are very slightly broadened behind eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BCF5FDE34371FDDE" box="[765,872,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
), the median mesoscutal line is distinct, broad, reaching to 1/10 of the mesoscutum length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BC8AFDC842DFFD3A" box="[642,710,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 9–13" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox="[154,1425,666,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1435,663,1924]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9–13. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 9, mesosoma, dorsal view. 10, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 11, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. 12–13, metasoma: 12, lateral view, 13, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615477/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
), the mesopleuron has rugae along the mesopleural triangle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BB67FDC840BFFD16" captionStart="FIGURES 1–8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionTargetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
), while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786634D49BF2DFD354190FD16" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[293,393,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="juliae">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BF2DFD354190FD16" box="[293,393,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">D. juliae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
F1 equal F2 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BC26FD2B429DFD16" box="[558,644,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–27" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[172,1419,200,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18–27. Dryocosmus juliae, new species. 18–21, head, sexual female: 18, anterior view, 19, dorsal view, 20, posterior view, 21, lateral view. 22–24, head, male: 22, anterior view, 23, dorsal view, 24, posterior view. 25–26, antenna: 25, sexual female, 26, male. 27, forewing, part, sexual female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615483/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
), the gena is not broadened behind the eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BA8CFD2B451EFD16" box="[1156,1287,655,680]" captionStart="FIGURES 18–27" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1917,1940]" captionTargetBox="[172,1419,200,1887]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1435,193,1896]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 18–27. Dryocosmus juliae, new species. 18–21, head, sexual female: 18, anterior view, 19, dorsal view, 20, posterior view, 21, lateral view. 22–24, head, male: 22, anterior view, 23, dorsal view, 24, posterior view. 25–26, antenna: 25, sexual female, 26, male. 27, forewing, part, sexual female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615483/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Figs 18–19</figureCitation>
|
||
), the median mesoscutal line is in the form of a short indistinct triangle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BD3AFD10439FFD72" box="[818,902,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–35" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1214,1237]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,196,1181]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1435,193,1193]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 28–35. Dryocosmus juliae, new species. 28–34, sexual female: 28, mesosoma, lateral view, 29, mesoscutum, dorsal view, 30, mesoscutellum, dorsal view, 31, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view, 32–34, metasoma: 32, general lateral view, 33, part, lateral view, 34, part, ventral view. 35, male, metasoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615485/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
), the mesopleuron is smooth and without rugae along the mesopleural triangle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BFF2FD734257FD4E" box="[506,590,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 28–35" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1214,1237]" captionTargetBox="[151,1425,196,1181]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1435,193,1193]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 28–35. Dryocosmus juliae, new species. 28–34, sexual female: 28, mesosoma, lateral view, 29, mesoscutum, dorsal view, 30, mesoscutellum, dorsal view, 31, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view, 32–34, metasoma: 32, general lateral view, 33, part, lateral view, 34, part, ventral view. 35, male, metasoma, lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615485/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9181DEDF86634D4BBECFFD584588FE6E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="413" pageId="4" pageNumber="411" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486634D49BECFFD584196FC1B" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686634D49BECFFD584140FCAB" bold="true" box="[199,345,764,789]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Asexual female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="41A091D186634D49BC28FD58428CFCAA" box="[544,661,764,789]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9–13" captionStartId-0="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,264,1946,1969]" captionTargetBox-0="[157,1435,628,1928]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1425,666,1913]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[151,1435,625,1933]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1435,663,1924]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–8. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 9–13. Dryocosmus demartinii, new species, asexual female. 9, mesosoma, dorsal view. 10, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum, dorsal view. 11, metascutellum and propodeum, posterodorsal view. 12–13, metasoma: 12, lateral view, 13, dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/2615477/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Figs 1–13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head uniformly black; mandibles brown, labial and maxillar palps yellow; antenna brown, flagellomeres progressively darker; mesosoma dark brown to black; coxae in basal third black, the rest brown, legs uniformly brown; metasoma dark brown, dorsally darker than lateroventrally and ventrally; each tergite in posterior third always lighter than in anterior two thirds; ventral spine of hypopygium light brown to yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486634D49BECFFC0B442BF9EE" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Head alutaceous, with sparse white setae, denser on lower face, 2.5x broader than long in dorsal view; 1.3x broader than high in anterior view and slightly broader than mesosoma. Gena alutaceous, slightly broadened behind eye in dorsal view; as broad as cross diameter of eye in lateral view. Malar space alutaceous, without striae radiating from clypeus; eye 2.5x higher than length of malar space. Inner margins of eyes parallel. POL 1.4x longer than OOL; OOL 2.1x longer than diameter of lateral ocellus, 1.5x longer than LOL; ocelli ovate, all three equal in size. Transfacial distance 1.3x longer than height of eye and 1.5x longer than height of lower face (distance between antennal rim and ventral margin of clypeus); diameter of antennal torulus 1.5x longer than distance between them, distance between torulus and eye margin 1.4x longer than diameter of torulus. Lower face delicately coriaceous, with white setae, without striae radiating from clypeus, median area not elevated. Clypeus trapezoid, flat, broader than high, alutaceous, with deep anterior tentorial pits, distinct epistomal sulcus and clypeopleurostomal line; ventrally straight, not emarginate, not incised medially, with dense long setae reaching far beyond ventral margin of clypeus. Frons alutaceous, with rare short setae; vertex, interocellar area, occiput alutaceous with rare short white setae. Postgena smooth, glabrous, postocciput around occipital foramen impressed, smooth, glabrous, with some delicate interrupted striae along occiput; posterior tentorial pits large, deep, elongate; postgenal bridge narrowed to a strip, at least 2.0x higher than broad; occipital foramen higher than height of postgenal bridge, 2.0x shorter than height of oral foramen. Antenna with 12 flagellomeres, longer than head+mesosoma; pedicel 1.5x longer than broad, F1 slightly longer than length of scape+pedicel, 1.2x longer than F2, F2 slightly longer than F3, F3 slightly longer than F4, F5=F6, subsequent flagellomeres equal in length, except F12 which 1.6x longer than F11; placodeal sensilla on F5–F12, in numerous rows.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486634D48BECFF9F941D0FE6E" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="412" pageId="4" pageNumber="411">Mesosoma longer than high in lateral view. Pronotum smooth, glabrous; with white setae and without striae laterally; emarginate along lateral edge, followed by deep longitudinal invagination. Anterior rim of pronotum narrow, emarginate; propleuron alutaceous, with few setae, strongly concave in mediocentral part. Mesoscutum smooth, glabrous between notauli, alutaceous lateral to notauli; longer than broad (width measured across base of tegulae); notauli complete, deeply impressed for full length; median mesoscutal line distinct, broad, reaching to 1/ 10 of mesoscutum length; anterior parallel lines invisible; parapsidal lines broad, reaching about half the length of mesoscutum; parascutal carina broad, anteriorly reaching notaulus. Transscutal articulation deep, distinct, straight. Mesoscutellum only slightly longer than broad, rectangular, with parallel sides; shorter than mesoscutum, uniformly rugose, overhanging metanotum; scutellar foveae transversely ovate, with glabrous, smooth bottom, divided by narrow central elevated area. Mesopleuron smooth, glabrous, with few white setae along ventral margin, with some delicate interrupted striae along mesopleural triangle; speculum smooth, glabrous with few impressed wrinkles on the most dorsoposterior margin; mesopleural triangle alutaceous, glabrous, with some short interrupted wrinkles, with white setae. Metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron slightly above half height; preaxilla coriaceous, glabrous; dorsal and lateral axillar areas glabrous, alutaceous, with few setae; axillar carina broad, with longitudinal striae; subaxillular bar narrow, smooth, glabrous, in most posterior end as high as metanotal trough, posteriorly a smooth glabrous strip going up along lateral axillar area. Metascutellum rugose, 2.0x higher than height of smooth, glabrous ventral impressed area; metanotal trough smooth, glabrous, with white setae. Lateral propodeal carinae distinct, sub-parallel, central propodeal area smooth, glabrous, without rugae; lateral propodeal area alutaceous, with dense white setae; nucha very short, coriaceous, without longitudinal sulci dorsolaterally and laterally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486624D48BECFFE78458EFD83" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="412">Forewing slightly longer than body, with distinct brown veins, margin with long dense cilia; radial cell 4.1x longer than broad, R1 and Rs nearly reaching wing margin; areolet large, triangular, well-delimited by distinct veins; Rs+M well-pigmented, nearly reaching basalis slightly below half its height. Tarsal claws simple, without basal lobe.</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="8DE4DDDC86624D48BE9FF8084540F85F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2615475/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="412" startId="5.[151,264,1964,1987]" targetBox="[157,1435,628,1928]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486624D48BE9FF8084540F85F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1964,2017]" pageId="5" pageNumber="412">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686624D48BE9FF8084122F87C" bold="true" box="[151,315,1964,1987]" pageId="5" pageNumber="412">FIGURES 1–8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786624D48BF4AF8094229F87C" authority="Nicholls & Melika & Stone, 2018" authorityName="Nicholls & Melika & Stone" authorityYear="2018" box="[322,560,1965,1986]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="412" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demartinii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686624D48BF4AF8094229F87C" box="[322,560,1965,1986]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="412">Dryocosmus demartinii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686624D48BC36F80942A2F87D" bold="true" box="[574,699,1965,1987]" pageId="5" pageNumber="412">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F0DCEC3D86624D48BC36F80942A2F87D" box="[574,699,1965,1987]" pageId="5" pageNumber="412" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, asexual female. 1–4, head: 1, anterior view, 2, dorsal view, 3, posterior view, 4, lateral view. 5, antenna. 6, forewing, part. 7, mesosoma and propleura, anterior view. 8, mesosoma, lateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486614D4BBECFFF3C4211FEFE" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">
|
||
Metasoma slightly longer than head+mesosoma, slightly longer than high in lateral view, smooth, glabrous; 2nd metasomal tergite basally with dense white setae only laterally, ring of dense setae interrupted dorsally; 2nd tergite extending to one third of the length of metasoma; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium very short, as long as broad in ventral view, with long white setae, extending beyond apex of spine but never forming a tuft. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="1E6320B186614D4BBF2FFE8C41B6FE81" box="[295,431,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486614D4BBECFFEE84588FE6E" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686614D4BBECFFEE840E3FEDB" bold="true" box="[199,250,332,357]" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">Gall</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs 14–17). A roughly spherical axillary bud gall found on shoots of the same year, approximately
|
||
<quantity id="1E6320B186614D4BBB7AFEE840DAFE39" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="413" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Superficially similar to asexual gall of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786614D4BBD38FED543DEFE36" box="[816,967,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="413" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rileypokei">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686614D4BBD38FED543DEFE36" box="[816,967,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">D. rileypokei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but typically smaller and rounder with smooth surface. Gall surface is smooth; purple in colour in growing galls turning yellow-brown in mature galls. The gall remains solid as it matures, with no air space between the larval cell and surrounding parenchyma tissue.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9181DEDF86614D4BBECFFE78431EFD82" pageId="6" pageNumber="413" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486614D4BBECFFE78431EFD82" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686614D4BBECFFE78413EFE4B" bold="true" box="[199,295,476,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Only asexual females are known, inducing bud galls on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1E9BF6D786614D4BBDC0FE7844F3FE4A" box="[968,1258,476,500]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Chrysolepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="413" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysophylla">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686614D4BBDC0FE7844F3FE4A" box="[968,1258,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">Chrysolepis chrysophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which develop from late summer. Galls are mature by September/October and fall to the ground to overwinter. Under laboratory conditions adults emerge the following year in summer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9181DEDF86614D4BBECFFDE3423FFDDE" box="[199,550,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="413" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="D9248D5486614D4BBECFFDE3423FFDDE" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[199,550,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBEF514686614D4BBECFFDE34179FDDE" bold="true" box="[199,352,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A18CCDC486614D4BBF6FFDEC41BBFDDE" box="[359,418,584,608]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="1B5F43B686614D4BBFA5FDE3423BFDDE" box="[429,546,583,608]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="6" pageNumber="413">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |