treatments-xml/data/DE/CA/5D/DECA5DDE63C8B63837240D470D4543AA.xml

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<mods:title id="E2EC1CDE7E35E041524FDAA86B8CE12C">The genus Scaptodrosophila Duda part I: the brunnea species group from the Oriental Region, with morphological and molecular evidence (Diptera, Drosophilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6E3F3E865FFD7706BDD641DB773F131F">Liu, Yi-Qin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7B0D8DAB6E1D7B44FB04CA31DCA38C91">Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E11B8AEF503C99A85034E6AD5D20483D">Gao, Qing-Song</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6360E1C89020CF66CBCA27D1FF9784E6">Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AE6B1CE42BF8A5C2A2988713F636D92F">Chen, Hong-Wei</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A90E9DB8CFADDAFDEB1B63A10255B42D">Department of Entomology, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe, Guangzhou, 510642, China</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="DECA5DDE63C8B63837240D470D4543AA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128810358" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BFBB670B-256F-4F32-AD2A-8E5423C8EF7A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DECA5DDE63C8B63837240D470D4543AA" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">
<subSubSection id="66BA4089D592CEFA934EA5EC9C2D83C1" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="43D340D5D8932BF9CEB0E41337989064" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">
<taxonomicName id="22C9D8205B1E2FEAB3AC0AEA77B5A3A7" ID-CoL="9HKB3" LSID="http://zoobank.org/BFBB670B-256F-4F32-AD2A-8E5423C8EF7A" authority="Liu &amp; Gao &amp; Chen, 2017" authorityName="Liu &amp; Gao &amp; Chen" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Scaptodrosophila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scaptodrosophila nigricostata" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricostata" status="sp. n.">Scaptodrosophila nigricostata</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5277704F7C84AB87DEE7A363B394362B" pageId="8" pageNumber="95">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4F25E4B9AE7EC6D40DA09572BE14D702" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="description">
<paragraph id="7BAC26A850A443A5F5479095EEEADB19" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<figureCitation id="C6E6F6D601D29CC07C1961AD231BEE1B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male. A-D S. melanogaster sp. n. E-H S. nigricostata sp. n. Scale bars 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133596" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<pageBreakToken id="7E666DFCFA4B6C354844444761808419" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" start="start">Figs</pageBreakToken>
5E-H
</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="F25D8B8CBEC08AA3BBB4CD05F328DADF" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Scaptodrosophila nigricostata sp. n. A, B epandrium, surstylus and cercus (lateral and posterior views) C, D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133605" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">, 13</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="EA10CAD2943F7680D7FD3A8BF94F200C" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="type material">
<paragraph id="EB94EAB0EAF5CC98AA7C4B9C2B8822F7" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<pageBreakToken id="E02ABDF21893365F3B68F74AFE950F07" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9D94E669A23E31B3560A4116574A539" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
Holotype ♂ (SCAU, No. 128253): CHINA: Baihualing, Baoshan, Yunnan, alt. 1400 m, 7.vi.2011, ex tussocks, HW Chen. Paratypes: CHINA: 1♂, 4♀ (SCAU, Nos 128248-51, 128374), HW Chen, JJ Gao, same data as holotype; 1♂ (SCAU, No. 128254), Wangtianshu, Mengla, Yunnan, 
<geoCoordinate id="979D9CEAA13DA29221E6BB0F58026B25" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="21.783333">21°47'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="E6E0B2E40B342665116EF5451861150B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="102.05">101°63'E</geoCoordinate>
, alt. 580 m, 23.iv.2007, HW Chen.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FAABA5156EFBD7B525378549697FC820" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="51ABC98BD3FDC69AB455DB4383CC2625" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7497D5E1D834B1B5E0A26BBE92C3A27F" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
This species is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="A89BAB1A99C1B464CFA156CBA63E644B" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. nigripecta" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigripecta">
<emphasis id="353631C5C24FA3844E6E16E5D0188606" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">S. nigripecta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n. in the shape of the paramere and the pattern on the mesonotum (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E886CE46C65C8423C0EEEAF5A33EF230" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Scaptodrosophila nigricostata sp. n. A, B epandrium, surstylus and cercus (lateral and posterior views) C, D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133605" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">13C, D</figureCitation>
), but can be distinguished from the latter by having the mesonotum mostly yellow (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="72A4BB7C2071A5D650C6AE2B6AEC6ECE" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male. A-D S. melanogaster sp. n. E-H S. nigricostata sp. n. Scale bars 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133596" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">5G</figureCitation>
), and the aedeagus slender and rod-like (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="8E14C1B14D35ECA363E14992C4639187" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Scaptodrosophila nigricostata sp. n. A, B epandrium, surstylus and cercus (lateral and posterior views) C, D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133605" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">13C, D</figureCitation>
); see under that species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D783A1CD826F290387298761B845F526" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="9" pageNumber="96" type="description">
<paragraph id="520C06EE36FD7E3C8A17267053E68E5F" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A0A988032B71B898B42A46BFD13D57D5" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
Male and female: 
<emphasis id="B969DCAB1881B45C205E7C19F7A9F019" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Head</emphasis>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="85178ED7134D613AF9C16978DE8D8292" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male. A-D S. melanogaster sp. n. E-H S. nigricostata sp. n. Scale bars 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133596" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">5E</figureCitation>
): frons yellowish brown with a brown band anteriorly. Pedicel yellowish brown; first flagellomere yellowish brown. Facial carina yellowish brown, short and broad, as 1/3 length as face.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B180B3BB64179591EAA091F06A6B1EFD" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="604FED128AD01034AE480A9EE182662B" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Thorax</emphasis>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="601E42BE225658231E751439194D221C" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male. A-D S. melanogaster sp. n. E-H S. nigricostata sp. n. Scale bars 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133596" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">5F, G</figureCitation>
): mesonotum with three dark brown longitudinal stripes medially and sublaterally. Acrostichal setulae in ca. 8-10 irregular rows. Scutellum yellowish brown, dark brown near basal scutellar setae, pale at tip. Pleura brown to dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1BDAE1C637BE85A2B9ACC780C03F26CC" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="7148F1218214C22A896E9AF817A359E3" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Abdomen</emphasis>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="04F9672C632CD1025A9CFF16C7CA2199" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Head, mesonotum, scutellum, pleura and abdomen of male. A-D S. melanogaster sp. n. E-H S. nigricostata sp. n. Scale bars 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133596" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">5H</figureCitation>
): all tergites yellowish brown with dark brown caudal bands, the caudal bands on tergites II and III narrowed medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="093599E12B8CDB30F58BB0A9AC259E9C" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="35D0A3AD8412C6D704DE634B6F0C9F8F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Male terminalia</emphasis>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="09D9CFBA4E2AD6181D479351A81BE4A8" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Scaptodrosophila nigricostata sp. n. A, B epandrium, surstylus and cercus (lateral and posterior views) C, D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133605" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">13A-D</figureCitation>
): epandrium with ca. 15 setae near posterior and ventral margins per side. Surstylus with seven peg-like prensisetae. Hypandrium with a pair of paramedian setae and pubescence medially. Paramere with seven sensilla medially and pubescence distally. Aedeagus lacking pubescence.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC9E1CD09D49D5A50E5F0EA6AD18D5AD" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="1ED95B02C040AE0235ABB8409EA84D08" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Female terminalia</emphasis>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="3D219EEDA99397AB0E8AEFD17444A70A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Scaptodrosophila nigricostata sp. n. A, B epandrium, surstylus and cercus (lateral and posterior views) C, D hypandrium, parameres, gonopods, aedeagus and aedeagal apodeme (ventral and lateral views) E oviscapt (lateral view). Scale bars 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.671.11275.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133605" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">13E</figureCitation>
): oviscapt with one subapical trichoid ovisensillum, 16, 11 and 5 peg-like ovisensilla per side on ventral, dorsal and apical margins, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="414F502EE53ED9A14FCBE460B8999C54" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="A8B6C9595CB76CBF3F4E5B134549C043" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Measurements</emphasis>
[holotype (paratypes range in 2♂, 4♀), in mm]: BL = 3.38 (2.86-3.33, 2.86-3.29), ThL = 1.60 (1.47-1.64, 1.33-1.56), WL = 3.33 (3.20-3.29, 2.67-3.33), WW = 1.29 (1.20-1.24, 1.07-1.33).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="498D8E2ED883675C855ABC7578B083C7" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="97" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="EBA6875369802BA02BEB37C30FBA0513" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="96">Indices</emphasis>
: arb = 4/3 (4/3), avd = 1.00 (0.88-1.43), adf = 2.67 (3.20-4.00), flw = 1.67 (1.83-3.00), FW/HW = 0.42 (0.41-0.47), ch/o = 0.13 (0.05-0.13), prorb = damaged (0.46-0.64), rcorb = damaged (0.27-0.36), vb = 1.00 (0.50-1.00), dcl = 0.77 (0.55-0.69), presctl = 0.44 (0.28-0.43), sctl = damaged (0.88-1.18), sterno = 0.73 (0.56-0.92), orbito = 0.56 (0.44-0.56), dcp = 0.47 (0.40-0.50), sctlp = 0.94 (0.86- 
<pageBreakToken id="06CD1A34D4E5A021BCA4CCAF3FE4ED8E" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" start="start">1.00</pageBreakToken>
), C = 2.11 (2.20-2.59), 4c = 1.23 (0.90-1.18), 4v = 2.15 (2.11-2.29), 5x = 1.80 (1.67-2.20), ac = 2.37 (2.43-2.57), M = 0.68 (0.50-0.65), C3F = 0.96 (0.89-0.96).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A41E3B5EBF466BF81E3617D33C431B9C" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="CBD53DE79D8090691644EEE2B26CB206" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="217DDC74B4D1496A461A72AD49925B61" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">
A combination of the Latin words: &quot; 
<emphasis id="E84D388391D1A0592A378C86AAC7F033" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">niger</emphasis>
&quot; + &quot; 
<emphasis id="75FC5070A27F188E7A8B50F5CADD0389" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">costa</emphasis>
&quot;, referring to the black pleura.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="590BD24255C5356DF750F6DCB19680C9" pageId="10" pageNumber="97" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="C4589739BEAEA59A09CC67542C114681" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6FDF86E6BD94A31F957810F9C1743E3F" pageId="10" pageNumber="97">China (Yunnan).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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