695 lines
79 KiB
XML
695 lines
79 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A0EAC59E29399AE1EB0F450AD746322D">A taxonomic revision of the catshark genus Holohalaelurus Fowler 1934 (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae), with descriptions of two new species.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1FF0B66C593BA33EE5C878594B80BB61">Brett A. Human</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="555A04A9765CEC29F86DCF42F07F52AD">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6260813" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100118945" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6260813" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483" lastPageNumber="27" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="141E4A0304BA3D70EE6BD83A54C1DFC5" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="B8B97A29FE21FE6996E7267B519ED951" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6B45C248B55714E2F1D7247D12AB0F" ID-CoL="3M8XL" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani (Gilchrist 1922)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B53633F04E34D85980185255C44E73C7" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A8066DCCCFC931C1B54F89E95CE3FEB7" pageNumber="18">(Fig. 5, Table 2)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="25ED5A9E534C9B5E17D0BB2B01CDF818" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FADB0341A649D5226DF43821BAB57F7A" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="A6E94DA46FC9DC8D491B698946865913" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D0D99F68-5A50-4D3C-8F88-138BE7BC30FA" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scylliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Scylliorhinus regani Gilchrist 1922:45" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Scylliorhinus regani Gilchrist, 1922</taxonomicName>
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: 5.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5B15617409E4B9CC1F917A6F82353EE3" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="F290C6E61C110534EF7D5E6A64DC12C7" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D0D99F68-5A50-4D3C-8F88-138BE7BC30FA" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scylliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Scylliorhinus regani Gilchrist 1922:45" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Scylliorhinus regani</taxonomicName>
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: Barnard, 1925: 42.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="118D10ABAF3C0623B3CD23826A0DF26A" pageNumber="18">
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Not
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<taxonomicName id="D28F21FDB4A38C45342BC0B383746E1F" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Scyliorhinus regani Fowler, 1925</taxonomicName>
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: 188; Fowler, 1926: 32; Barnard, 1927: 1013 (=
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<taxonomicName id="AB4261E13872E43CF8F6D218EAB46399" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E16A8266-B709-4B8D-AD24-2D0EECE3DAB9" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Poroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Poroderma marleyi Fowler 1934:234" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marleyi">Poroderma marleyi Fowler 1934</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="71D06C79B92A88B06C39F3BA6C8D3D8A" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="ABC4138B5CC070BC70B1AC000644992B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Halaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani" subGenus="Holohalaelurus">Halaelurus (Holohalaelurus) regani</taxonomicName>
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: Fowler, 1934: 235; Fowler, 1941: 42.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8F67BF21FC8F1CC9F7CB16C6EE50929C" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="60AA7F564102C2BF5FB0C21A614A3932" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="regani" subSpecies="regani">Holohalaelurus regani regani</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="128C603A460A3AA9A24B6D92CC23ECAA" rank="subSpecies">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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: Human, 2003: 95.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5606D0EB81508CB39E5F9D5A2C98A435" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="7F832EC4E3344191039731CEC0F76075" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="regani" subSpecies="regani">Holohalaelurus regani typical subspecies</taxonomicName>
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: Compagno et al., 2005: 237.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EBD1C5B46B8AD643AA9D74CC60164955" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CD98D6BEAB1BF44A62374DA0129F38C6" pageNumber="18">
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<materialsCitation id="A74979F8DAF6B9D10E4B3A1E1312C8CC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900227" collectingDate="1990-01-27" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-30.95" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 079, station A 9830 082 - 3162 (erroneously recorded as 082 - 3160 on label), from southeast of Hondeklip Bay, from 234 m" longitude="16.766666" specimenCode="SAM 32448" stateProvince="Northern Cape Province" typeStatus="Neotype">
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Type Series and Locality.
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<typeStatus id="02B295696028CB5FD99C603EB9BCED17">Neotype</typeStatus>
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, designated herein, and type species for the genus
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<taxonomicName id="8C607596EAEF4F317A668C95C695B36A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<specimenCode id="438D23CE3729499E79F827EFE4FA0152">
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<collectionCode id="9A8E29B0D168218E7469C154AD1C03CF">SAM</collectionCode>
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32448
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</specimenCode>
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, mature male 628mm TL,
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="C5DE718AB20DE9BB1B275ACB0C59CFF5" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-30.95">30°57’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="52C176AA370B9F5B5598C9332A1552BB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="16.766666">16°46’E</geoCoordinate>
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, from southeast of Hondeklip Bay,
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<collectingRegion id="BB01C090763939E13E4CA842F0CB0613">Northern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="3AACD212AE6D7D73537C0F8F7FA8906B">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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, from 234m,
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<collectingDate id="FF68077F7043CE1A1E7FAAF8AB195F07">27th January, 1990</collectingDate>
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, in excellent condition.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1E0A4E67F2524889968A7F2A36219012" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="03DAA4BBA4AABB3C8F893DF15AA3CF2E" pageNumber="18">
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Diagnosis.
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<taxonomicName id="D3FF1C85F0028F506EFC65070505631B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
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is the largest species of
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<taxonomicName id="78A21E51C568F701CC5C283B7458EA56" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
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, and the following distinguishes
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<taxonomicName id="8D76E79D13FF764F1538F3D103AB9C92" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
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from other
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<taxonomicName id="84D0984AFFE815DE896B0AED482EEBB8" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
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sharks: denticles on dorsal midline from snout to second dorsal fin origin greatly enlarged; denticles on dorsal surface of pectoral fins greatly enlarged in adults; club-shaped papillae not present on the distal tip of the clasper; buccal papillae in mouth large and prominent on upper and lower surfaces; relatively high vertebral count, 126 total vertebrae in the neotype (mean 121.2); relatively high tooth counts, 71 upper teeth in total in the neotype (mean 64.5), 72 lower teeth in total in the neotype (mean 59.8). Adults with large horseshoe shaped markings, larger than eye diameter, on yellow-brown background; juveniles with large, irregularly shaped spots, ontogenetically fusing into the adult pattern; white spots never present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7D3CCE3FCDD96248F457D4A1389899BD" type="description">
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<paragraph id="F09FA0223C8E18D06C29C8A036CE446D" lastPageNumber="19" pageNumber="18">Description. Morphometric and meristic data are given in Table 2. Neotype, mature male 628mm TL (mean of all specimens examined in Table 2, including the neotype, see Study material): body slender and elongate; head depressed, head width 2.33 (2.60) times its height at the posterior margin of the orbit, and head width 1.86 (2.14) times its height at the pectoral fin origin; trunk depressed, trunk width 1.46 (1.48) times its height; abdomen slightly depressed, abdomen width 1.08 (1.21) times its height; tail slightly compressed, tail width 0.86 (0.98) times its height; caudal peduncle compressed, caudal peduncle height 1.14 (1.44) times its width; ventral sensory pores conspicuously black; head moderately long, head length 0.22 (0.22) times the precaudal length; snout short, rounded and coming to a point, preoral length 0.22 (0.30) times the snout to first gill slit distance; mouth moderately long and relatively wide, moderately arched, buccal papillae in mouth large and prominent on upper and lower surfaces, mouth width 2.42 (2.85) times its length; eye slit like, eye length 2.07 (1.88) times its height, distance from snout to the anterior origin of the orbit 0.66 (0.68) times the snout to spiracle length; spiracle length 0.31 (0.19) times the eye length; area around gill slits naked, lacking denticles; distance from snout to first dorsal fin origin 0.69 (0.67) times the distance from the snout to the second dorsal fin origin; enlarged denticles on the dorsal midline from snout to second dorsal fin origin; first dorsal fin length 1.97 (2.18) times its height, length of the base of first dorsal fin 0.90 (0.73) times the length of the base of second dorsal fin; second dorsal fin length 2.44 (2.37) times its height; snout to pectoral origin length 0.46 (0.47) times the snout to pelvic fin origin length; pectoral fin large and winglike, enlarged denticles on the dorsal surface in adults, in the centre of the fin and towards the posterior margin of the fin, pectoral fin length 1.28 (1.34) times its height; height of the pectoral fin 3.03 (2.64) times the height of the pelvic fin; distance from pectoral insertion to pelvic origin 1.16 (1.09) times the distance between the insertion of the second dorsal fin and the caudal fin dorsal origin; pelvic fin long and low, pelvic fin length 3.73 (3.42) times its height, pelvic fin free rear tips variably fused, but never completely fused; claspers elongate without papillae on the distal tips, clasper inner margin length 9.0 (8.33) times their base; snout to anal origin length 4.85 (4.38) times the distance between the anal fin insertion and the origin of the ventral caudal fin; anal fin long and low, anal fin length 4.97 (4.87) times its height; length of anal fin base 1.88 (1.84) times the length of the second dorsal fin base; caudal dorsal margin length 1.52 (1.51) times the interdorsal space, caudal ventral lobe weakly developed. Vertebral counts: 30 (30.4) monospondylous, 58 (54.3) precaudal diplospondylous and 38 (36.5) caudal diplospondylous vertebrae. Dental formula: upper jaw (left) 32 (31.9), symphyseal 6 (2.0), (right) 33 (30.8); lower jaw (left) 33 (28.8), (symphyseal) 6 (2.7), (right) 33 (28.4).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A5D7084344ECA272A0152C9114CEA811" pageNumber="19">
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Size and Sexual Maturity.
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<taxonomicName id="8DE1109E79F5BE5D7EA5130F6DE419F4" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
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is the largest of the
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<taxonomicName id="7581510B8175FCD53D004D3FED1AFBDB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
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sharks. The largest total length recorded here was 631mm and the largest weight recorded was 691.3g, for males (Fig. 1 and Table 2). In the current study, males were found to be juvenile at 232mm to 420mm TL, and mature at 598mm to 631mm TL. Females were found to be juvenile at 140mm to 254mm TL, adolescent at 224mm to 351mm TL, and mature at 425mm to 515mm TL. The heaviest female examined in this study weighed 320g.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B470908D5E7EEB6E083C401A59F32952" lastPageNumber="20" pageNumber="19">
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Colouration. The colour pattern of adult
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<taxonomicName id="43119AC686A013B4E9AFCE4D84679FE2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
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is very striking and unique amongst
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<taxonomicName id="DFA09A8FFAE82D35A748C7C86924E332" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
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, dorsal background colouration pale yellow to pale yellow brown, also pale yellow grey, yellow brown to mustard, pale brown, but these may be preservation artefacts. Ontogenetic progression of dorsal patterning is as follows: juveniles (Fig. 6B) with moderately large irregularly shaped solid dark brown spots that increase in size and begin to fuse in larger individuals to form small bars, blotches and reticulations, several indistinct saddles may be variably present or absent; in adolescent and mature animals (Figs. 5 & 6A), the patterning is a maze of large bold reticulations and horseshoe shaped markings, with spots virtually absent, when present, found only on the caudal peduncle or on fin webs, saddles absent; pattern on pectoral and pelvic fins identical to that of the dorsal patterning corresponding to the stage of maturity; white spots never present, no white spot above pectoral base or white spots at dorsal fin origins. Ventral colouration uniformly white, or off white in fresh or well preserved specimens, ranging to dull grey or brown in preserved specimens; with sensory pores conspicuously black on underside of head, trunk, pectoral and pelvic fins.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2BF38AB4DDA023EAA8EC8FE72710DE02" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="ECB28DD33DDBD40D2BD4EB489F17410D" lastPageNumber="21" pageNumber="20">
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Comparison with other species.
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<taxonomicName id="D31A3E6311BB9C4B4CF0263FD731A0D5" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
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has greatly enlarged denticles on the dorsal midline, equivalent to
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<taxonomicName id="7A4447D99881275EB34E04F279B9D348" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="favus">H. favus</taxonomicName>
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and more so than other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80EDD9F59D600E0BE38B2E1509FD4E53" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. Adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8C5C7345412327F853A014DA7158855" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
have enlarged denticles on the dorsal surface of the pectoral fins, as do adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="243F5F62C836F61B235F0A3676089B74" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="favus">H. favus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The buccal papillae are large and conspicuous, but less so than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BE75750186AAA9730E1810C0C24ACD8" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">H. punctatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B43C4EB7F630DF905A0B89FD72A4D8CF" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
have a unique dorsal patterning of large bold reticulations and horseshoe shaped markings, with spots few or absent, and no white spots. The dorsal patterning of juveniles is similar to that found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1D0FC52F23976D7D6C0524159C9EA4C8" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="favus">H. favus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="73608F5BE7A05EFF5B60F8D868283841" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grennian">H. grennian</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EC91D2CB271199F32947D7D83D0DD8F" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">H. punctatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but distinguishable from these in the absence of white spots, absence of a white spot above the pectoral fin bases, and the absence of a honeycomb pattern.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="936322506A4666E4F19416C8D14B8B8D" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
grows to a larger size than any other shark in this genus.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="613871C01A273EDEA75730901E6D7930" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BA311D75FB6475024E7279E34D6EFBFC" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="favus">H. favus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B78C2B4012D1A87735A8B6CF455E3263" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanostigma">H. melanostigma</taxonomicName>
|
||
in overall morphology, with adult colouration closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7D86FC6DACE18C3FD8DD8D543F53B01" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanostigma">H. melanostigma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and juvenile colouration closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6E6F60A2B3073FDD741F4EF56994F9BF" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="20" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="favus">H. favus</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3D7BEEA30F0152A0D771BE679895ABDC" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Remarks. Two forms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="137AB93D9C6B08A3484994F600DBCBD5" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been described (Bass et al., 1975) and generally recognised prior to this study. These forms include the “Cape” or “typical” form, and the “Natal” or “northeastern” form. The “Natal” form was diagnosed as a taxon warranting the rank of species, here described as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25462C0DDA2E4C7B75D625FBF0A70638" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="favus">H. favus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DA6578DD943B557CB584302C3AF4055" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, whereas the “Cape” or “typical” form represents the true
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5B5C95E92051EB09A8D4810F097BF1D3" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
as originally described by Gilchrist (1922).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="96BE4CF4EB07556A6FD19B893C07522F" pageNumber="21">
|
||
There are two juvenile female specimens in the SAIAB collection (RUSI 952) that are currently recognised as the syntypes for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="57CC5E453E42B82D6D0FA5C49FA71B1A" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Both of these animals are at the minimum extreme of total length for free swimming animals of this species. Gilchrist (1922) lists locality stations without reference to any specimens, and there is no reference to these localities anywhere within the species description. The only specimen referred to by Gilchrist in his description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E5D1167A89F29C0CE847FC3A252EE0B8" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
was of a male 50cm long, clearly not referable to either of the female RUSI 952 specimens, which were measured by the author as being 205mm TL and 254mm TL. Gilchrist (1922) also describes “horseshoe-shaped bands”, which are absent on both of the syntypes because the horseshoe patterning only develops in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9983AC97D1C6A65FE2F0265A675C40CE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
at a much larger size than the RUSI 952 specimens. The catalogue for the SAIAB collection does not contain any details of who deposited these specimens or how they came to be syntypes, and Recommendation 72D states that labelling accompanying a type should unmistakably denote their status (ICZN, 1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BAA7A293959840144F051A071C9069C8" pageNumber="21">
|
||
Eschmeyer (1998) lists these specimens as the type series for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="523D9800F2A12D0CC6D291B495B9BAA8" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on Compagno (1984b), Bass (1986) and Compagno et al. (1991), however, Compagno (1984b) lists them as “probable syntypes”, Bass (1986) makes no mention of any type series, and Compagno et al. (1991) only list the S.S. Pickle stations from Gilchrist (1922) without reference to the RUSI specimens. Article 72.4.7 (ICZN, 1999) states that the recognition of putative type material in publications other than in the original description, labels accompanying the putative type series, or museum catalogue entries, are not necessarily evidence that a putative type series is legitimate, as is the case with the RUSI 952 specimens. Although these specimens are currently recognised as syntypes (Eschmeyer, 1998), scrutiny reveals that these specimens are invalid type material for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1A2D5FDDB672F4DD0EC2662723907CDC" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the lack of reference to these specimens in the original species description and lack of corroborating evidence. Barnard (1925) refers to a type specimen for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F3776A8C5CAA3DF7EA361CDC7B17F8F4" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Collection of the Government Marine Survey, with no further details. If indeed a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BEBD4E630777C2B0C561C157257673D" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
type existed in this collection, it has since been lost.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1C61AD7A0AD9939D2DF53583AE637D3D" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="687740EB66A8510D916878981BA5991D" pageNumber="23">
|
||
This issue was referred to the ICZN (case 3364) - BZN 62(4),
|
||
<date id="B3BF814791C489EB4A222D0952AC019A" day="16" month="12" value="2005-12-16" year="2005">16 December 2005</date>
|
||
. New Applications. CASE 3364:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68D17E76C35ED8967D717D824969CBE7" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D0D99F68-5A50-4D3C-8F88-138BE7BC30FA" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scylliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Scylliorhinus regani Gilchrist 1922:45" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Scylliorhinus regani Gilchrist, 1922</taxonomicName>
|
||
(currently
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48E3C59A8FA66BBD782399BF01AA43B9" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A134ADE114AF27F74ACAAF5FB62AD6D2" family="Scyliorhinidae" pageNumber="23" rank="family">SCYLIORHINIDAE</taxonomicName>
|
||
): proposed conservation of current usage by designation of a neotype. B.A. Human. Their conclusion was “…when no name-bearing type specimen is believed to be extant [since there is no evidence to support the validity of the RUSI 952 specimens as type material], no ruling of the Commission is needed to designate a neotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="173299D51B429E8417E487E59BCDB081" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D0D99F68-5A50-4D3C-8F88-138BE7BC30FA" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scylliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Scylliorhinus regani Gilchrist 1922:45" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Scylliorhinus regani Gilchrist, 1922</taxonomicName>
|
||
… following the provisions of the Code (Article 75)… Therefore, the Secretariat is prepared to close the case” (S. Nikolaeva, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CB7F2610439D66B50C0CEBCD8D2F6100" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Given the state of the type series for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3FCAC57649100B9972F4E7B60D89D131" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sharks, and to promote the stability of nomenclature for species within this genus, the designation of a neotype for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D251B8FAA63F6053962F02E04D6DB35" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
would be warranted in accordance with Articles 75.1 and 75.3 (ICZN, 1999). The designation of a neotype (SAM 32448) from southeast of Hondeklip Bay, Northern Cape, results in the type locality changing to southeast of Hondeklip Bay, Northern Cape, in accordance with Article 76.3 (ICZN, 1999).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="83E5E60C6FF83408252FD52A0E3888FA" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE04866408BA3EBF4C4BB61671A83997" lastPageNumber="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
The type locality for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ED037CA276C81F8F93C1679021E62EA1" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
given in Gilchrists’ original description, was “Cape Seas… in 95 to 175 fathoms”, and not 95-131 fathoms as listed by Eschmeyer (1998). The type locality data that accompanies the syntypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CC5A644E44EA95C23FC7FBCB57AB4252" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, listed four possible S.S. Pickle stations from off of Table Bay, Western Cape (stations 234, 235, 241, or 243), with the possibility that the specimens may have also come from stations 324 or 359, presumable S.S. Pickle stations (exact location unknown). In any event, these localities are sufficiently ambiguous that the proposed type locality does not violate the requirement that the neotype be collected from the type locality (Article 75.3.6, ICZN, 1999), and furthermore, the proposed neotype type locality still falls into the type locality defined by Gilchrist, i.e. “Cape Seas”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="615D447EFDC71D85DDCE5E89A325C7A2" pageNumber="25">
|
||
A source of taxonomic confusion in this genus is that there is marked ontogenetic allometry (as noted by Bass, 1973) and patterning in this species. In juveniles, the caudal peduncle is extremely elongated and the body and head are very short compared to adults (Fig. 6B). Also, although the colour observed in the juveniles is similar to that of immature and adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="51B5440A1DDEF951118F35CA8CB2D53B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, albeit somewhat duller (possible preservation artefact), the patterning in juveniles is of large diffuse spots and short bars, with no signs of reticulations. The reticulations that are characteristic of the adults, take form in late juveniles and immature specimens. This ontogenetic shift may be present in other members of the genus and caution must be used when attempting to identify juveniles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="595412E4B9479EB50E2B780D1DDF7C53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="58E999944E34277CC4416947EBB0AC6E" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Fowler (1934) states that he erroneously described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="35E7BFD87D37A8470E0FEF6C7B26C501" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E16A8266-B709-4B8D-AD24-2D0EECE3DAB9" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Poroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Poroderma marleyi Fowler 1934:234" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="marleyi">Poroderma marleyi</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F4FE5B68A04E8D7B62976FAF190B15F6" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Poroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pantherinum">P. pantherinum</taxonomicName>
|
||
) under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B82497DF79B35F9FD8C2A5517E06D019" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Scyliorhinus regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Fowler (1925, 1926), which was followed by Barnard (1927). In both publications, Fowler illustrates specimens that are readily recognisable as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="892168C7736890158394232AD7EC2668" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Poroderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pantherinum">P. pantherinum</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Human, 2006).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1999D6C528972F3E705270C2115BA145" lastPageNumber="26" pageNumber="25">
|
||
Morphometric proportions given by Bass et al. (1975) are a combination of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E19D38F331A5ACFECFBBF41E7093E48C" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="favus">H. favus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="45C4AB576C1404A613411926E69C6990" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ADC3537A3725F53E073F67B2A7A6EDF9" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and although their proportions are similar to those given here, they should be used with caution. Strong sexual dimorphism is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B48A442E5E3F273A333E7941E5B59888" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with males growing much larger than females, and has been noted by many authors (Bass, 1973; Bass et al., 1975; Springer, 1979; Richardson et al., 2000; Human, 2003). Meristics and dentition given by Bass et al. (1975) are referable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAE5116FAA16608E0934FF4AC68814BC" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="favus">H. favus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and should not be used for comparison to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="65A4656B51A12823ACCF4B3CEDD2265F" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
as defined here and by Gilchrist (1922). Compagno (1988) defines
|
||
<taxonomicName id="504327B0C3C479BC5BC0091334A675F6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
as having seven turns in the spiral valve. In this study, spiral valve counts for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D16077B82CD6B30C0091DA36735970F" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranged from three to six in specimens not in the type series.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="8BFE7A2A0AADE410B552D97A21CA897F" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="009C7ED9FAF3C8B54A3FF16A26093679" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A10BB819FD9339A806CFEDB8C172AA8C" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a near endemic of South Africa and endemic to southern Africa (Fig. 7). This species prefers temperate to cool temperate waters, although it is also found in the subtropical waters of kwaZulu-Natal (Bass et al., 1975; Compagno et al., 1991; Richardson et al., 2000; present study).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="361FACD1236BC874C0B500EC1E2E0D89" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in the Indian Ocean from about Durban, kwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, southwards and westwards to Cape Agulhas, continuing westwards into the Atlantic Ocean, and then northwards to southeast of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="16244147AF8EC2DE86C5774B97199949" originalValue="Lüderitz">Luederitz</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Namibia (Compagno et al., 1991; Richardson et al., 2000; present study).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2326B9408A50F57A6C522FEF68121057" pageNumber="26">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="25B9D453D51C86AA3D9FD08153927583" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
is common to abundant on the continental shelf and upper slope down to at least 1075m (the deepest record yet published for this species), although it is more common between around 150 to 300m, and rare above 100m (Compagno et al., 1991; Richardson et al., 2000; present study).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD48D5555809CB006650A4A41680054D" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">Holohalaelurus regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to prefer depths between 200m and 300m on the west coast, and depths between 100m and 200m on the south coast (Richardson et al., 2000). This species is a common bycatch of demersal trawlers (Compagno & Smale, 1989; Richardson et al., 2000) and was the most frequently encountered cartilaginous fish in the study by Compagno et al. (1991).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DEE685F1C235340292D759F2C354B245" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Compagno et al. (1991) also report this animal as far north in the Atlantic Ocean as southeast of
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DBA08759F5E3BA52D5F209AC5D71A542" originalValue="Lüderitz">Luederitz</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Namibia, and reasoned that this is the northern most limit of this sharks range in the Atlantic Ocean, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A75F812BD95E643E5B2441064DCF827E" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
was not caught in Spanish research cruises that trawled the entire length of the Namibian coastline. It appears that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B93CFF69659EC9ADEF33F91889DF74A0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C8E28AB2-D3B5-4F6B-AC30-D1975011D7E2" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Galeus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Galeus polli Cadenat 1959:396" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polli">Galeus polli</taxonomicName>
|
||
replaces
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E6810A4EBB7B678E7B0AF7785BB3E9D" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5890F53FCA024C223279106C4A97D587" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">Scyliorhinus capensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
), north of the Atlantic limit of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60C370DB0A1243F29649E3D34A70433A" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, possibly occupying the same niche that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77E78EEDA06D32786D462D9FCA0BD2EE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
occupies in southern Africa (Compagno et al., 1991; L. Compagno, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="ADA4EB6B4701ED716293B2FDFA2FC8B2" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Bass et al. (1975) give the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="46DBD0A82B69750FFBEB551F192524C3" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
as from South Africa, Zanzibar and Somalia. Their records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6CA1BB4EE9EA01A6F839F2AD357E33CE" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Zanzibar are based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CCBC15818E3D16BFCC3BC0D36B18ED0F" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grennian">H. grennian</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="94A53A1F9318BC8CC6204CF8B3705F60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="700D112B197D40C0A139981BA230AE1A" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanostigma">H. melanostigma</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the source of their Somalian record is Fraser-Brunner (1952 in Bass et al., 1975). It is highly unlikely that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="73E5D65AD0CE1FCD929AFCCCA7015EEA" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs this far north, and it is more likely that the Somalian record is based on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1EEFDAC048A0F78517D0D0D5ADA8F986" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grennian">H. grennian</taxonomicName>
|
||
or possibly
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D8CD52A4A558A41F1093F37735603A3D" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanostigma">H. melanostigma</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9897807DF08CE8A1EC7FB95C387A587A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AB54E069-3D43-4302-90AA-DADED5490A0B" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Holohalaelurus Halaelurus Fowler 1934:235" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Holohalaelurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
north of Kenya needs further investigation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9BF5CE067E1F43ABF5CCE7227D44221B" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="57BCA4871F2FD1AB0211AB8C292FECBD" pageNumber="26">Etymology. This catshark is “[n]amed after Mr Regan, who has described many South African fish” (Gilchrist, 1922).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0B1115321BB95D6E1204CA5BAF3E9DDB" pageNumber="26">
|
||
Common name. Izak or Izak catshark have been used as common names for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9E0DA2AE2C0B001DA94868C572B54ADD" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Gilchrist (1922) called it a “Mottled Dog-fish”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B4E6BCC5EAF9F198E72F2C93B70E3207" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="20A0BF2E79CC6A37A9959EE8B62F0D4B" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Study material.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="1158646CBFFFC1DB2EC7A2C38FB52A02" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900228" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.6" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 165, A 20476 3403 - 015" longitude="19.6" specimenCode="BAH 20020110.01">
|
||
<specimenCode id="835A89A33E589AA637B86E015F6EC7A6">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F577817BE3E5CB9BA068A1A2EFA52287">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020110.01
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 630mm TL,
|
||
<location id="E723022B5E42108B54B1F51FA8A2A64B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:E723022B5E42108B54B1F51FA8A2A64B" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.6" longitude="19.6" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 165, A 20476 3403 - 015">R.V. Africana Cruise 165, A20476 3403-015</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="CAF4A3D08DED7095DA944CF4059252FA" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-35.6">35°36'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73A9F1370B6B7F5244E5AAEBE398F829" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="19.6">19°36'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E2C0D19162D243287854AECE4B5490B5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900229" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001" specimenCode="BAH 20020414.06">
|
||
<specimenCode id="AA92E3AEE9C64B3EE5EDDE5260DC15F8">
|
||
<collectionCode id="41DE60F3993E1B0F2A262C7DC2A2F962">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020414.06
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 598mm TL,
|
||
<location id="85C1E9527D82BFF623FE6F8580D695EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:85C1E9527D82BFF623FE6F8580D695EB" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20804 3028-001</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E6DF07F00848C9FBD1BABF0B1F8C5E64" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900231" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001" specimenCode="BAH 20020414.07">
|
||
<specimenCode id="F53CDBAB93541CECDA820F2BCEEDAA60">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F7B09E2F386363E50AD88239157C7756">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020414.07
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 460mm TL,
|
||
<location id="ABF999B5EA35B28B6DEF6CB8108A7E68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:ABF999B5EA35B28B6DEF6CB8108A7E68" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20804 3028-001</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="103FBEFA14A5038E4186D6C6D882A103" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900233" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001" specimenCode="BAH 20020414.08">
|
||
<specimenCode id="B3B808262BCD4AFEF127063AE665DC45">
|
||
<collectionCode id="6124EB8EAE928D20217DC2B7CC5E2704">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020414.08
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 483mm TL,
|
||
<location id="F830AFFC5002A12B932E72295905F566" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:F830AFFC5002A12B932E72295905F566" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20804 3028-001</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C97130FDC3F5FB32D5446E0D2245077C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900239" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001" specimenCode="BAH 20020414.09">
|
||
<specimenCode id="C251076B72545C1A36E97ED13FD02E39">
|
||
<collectionCode id="78E32B3402FE7DDB346C03891DC1B441">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020414.09
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, gravid female 455mm TL,
|
||
<location id="F1F8309962E2C48636B343A6DDD1ADCA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:F1F8309962E2C48636B343A6DDD1ADCA" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20804 3028-001</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B64F6492E405ADF4873A8FBDC89404C4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900237" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001" specimenCode="BAH 20020414.10">
|
||
<specimenCode id="60B247186DC21E9AA0BE91C6D2209521">
|
||
<collectionCode id="0C9B602BD97E768DB4D9717F1B2452DC">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020414.10
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 428mm TL,
|
||
<location id="99CA0CED8331A2CD4480264B10C4D15F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:99CA0CED8331A2CD4480264B10C4D15F" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20804 3028-001</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B99D52771765B904C6CDB1DA1B9A1AA1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900234" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001" specimenCode="BAH 20020414.11">
|
||
<specimenCode id="88DC20BC3AC97D6C34C1200BA9FCBCF2">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F858041112CB19FF0AFB8C7926FBBB35">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020414.11
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, gravid female 431mm TL,
|
||
<location id="20565DA615EAA20FAAB8E4513AEBB693" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:20565DA615EAA20FAAB8E4513AEBB693" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20804 3028-001</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="DBAA24A676C1008C707719A2A96E3767" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900245" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001" specimenCode="BAH 20020414.12">
|
||
<specimenCode id="9427C4A47566526FB00B1DF8D2E50563">
|
||
<collectionCode id="8A600799E9A7F8AEFD2BC566778EAA54">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020414.12
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 598mm TL,
|
||
<location id="98E7604AF53BDD0EDC55469DB44A3328" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:98E7604AF53BDD0EDC55469DB44A3328" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20804 3028 - 001">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20804 3028-001</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="19126D99078F1E021C538A54A370D59A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900255" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20814 4053 - 010" specimenCode="BAH 20020419.02">
|
||
<specimenCode id="F56291DF74AEC53650143E4E892AA59C">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D421B30E8B43515756CDF53D652B53AE">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020419.02
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 600mm TL,
|
||
<location id="2DD596F2F0688983846842FB4171BAD7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:2DD596F2F0688983846842FB4171BAD7" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20814 4053 - 010">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20814 4053-010</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="609076CCBF0FA4E7EA3E3DA68678CC9B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900246" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20814 4053 - 010" specimenCode="BAH 20020419.03">
|
||
<specimenCode id="0EFCBA76CFE60549A6B7BBEF0BB5A5CB">
|
||
<collectionCode id="D6A99D28CF59F0B73EA61B13D69732B9">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020419.03
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female 515mm TL,
|
||
<location id="9E14A94392017EDA10F45E0FADDEB8EB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:9E14A94392017EDA10F45E0FADDEB8EB" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20814 4053 - 010">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20814 4053- 010</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="46E5056508A08D00328B64F8DCDA0131" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900232" collectionCode="BAH" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20815 3270 - 011" specimenCode="BAH 20020419.04">
|
||
<specimenCode id="6C4952D7E3F96EDC9FBC4145A4AA9DBB">
|
||
<collectionCode id="DC8B0173C0FC60BA3CE33A294C1FC607">BAH</collectionCode>
|
||
20020419.04
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, gravid female 466mm TL,
|
||
<location id="0ACBE590A376AC61FC55FFFDFA3BD3C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:0ACBE590A376AC61FC55FFFDFA3BD3C9" country="South Africa" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 167, A 20815 3270 - 011">R.V. Africana Cruise 167, A20815 3270-011</location>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="37CD341C066B5101C24AB22F313C651B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900253" collectionCode="LJVC" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.95" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 39, A 3340 3404 - 017" longitude="19.706667" specimenCode="LJVC 860111">
|
||
<specimenCode id="E4D32B73503A68ED1EFD2C5EBFD76752">
|
||
<collectionCode id="3D767344A0D8E9F0F8E01957DCAA99B5">LJVC</collectionCode>
|
||
860111
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, juvenile female 140mm TL,
|
||
<location id="5C0E813C24F28DE6FC47BABFB56E0977" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:5C0E813C24F28DE6FC47BABFB56E0977" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.95" longitude="19.706667" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 39, A 3340 3404 - 017">R.V. Africana Cruise 39, A3340 3404-017</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="2B13414F035B90A98A24A750893EF484" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-35.95">35°57'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="70CD1396A17C8BE6DE21AEC226013411" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="19.706667">19°42.4'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C39DF743B091EDD57D73C134577AD409" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900236" collectionCode="RUSI" collectorName="S.S. Pickle" country="South Africa" location="off Table Bay? S.S. Pickle sta. 234?, 235?, 241?, or 243?" specimenCode="RUSI 952" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="invalid syntypes">
|
||
<specimenCode id="24AF7053CD754555E6CEABC4FF01A07B">
|
||
<collectionCode id="24139F34174E19C14EF5B972CEA4CE15">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
952
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<typeStatus id="B5886469A284DFA870E287F4B3F6B479">invalid syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
, 2 specimens, both juvenile females, 254mm TL and 205mm TL,
|
||
<location id="24C224017FEC83BB129B0DE3B535C511" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:24C224017FEC83BB129B0DE3B535C511" country="South Africa" name="off Table Bay? S.S. Pickle sta. 234?, 235?, 241?, or 243?" stateProvince="Western Cape">off Table Bay?</location>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="06FD5CEDEF77D809EA06265A506F5552">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9109F33008C2400C96F559AD24864071">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
, S.S. Pickle sta. 234?, 235?, 241?, or 243?
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="7E07600900D2A7E64B321AF87B6C8BF9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900235" collectionCode="RUSI" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.033333" location="off Knysna" longitude="23.033333" specimenCode="RUSI 2800" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="2BAFC9B9746E36DE4277D4CBC43F2F96">
|
||
<collectionCode id="BDA00D446B77147A46999E6DBFA7FDC7">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
2800
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, juvenile female 349mm TL,
|
||
<location id="034904EB771B47C53E5B38BC2351733E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:034904EB771B47C53E5B38BC2351733E" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.033333" longitude="23.033333" name="off Knysna" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">off Knysna</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0AE5E4A382FAD01DE6890AFDBDCA1549">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="56EB4401FAEADA43F9F73DF02604D087">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="38ACD7634DED13F1BF6E96D9A68D2CEA" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.033333">34°02'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="762ACBDE03053C4EF1D3175E901D0E47" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="23.033333">23°02'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="40117208B2867E997D1308D82F7DAE20" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900238" collectionCode="RUSI" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.705" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 39, A 3337 2662 - 014" longitude="19.74" specimenCode="RUSI 25726">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DAE8711831D30664A0D1C6835068ED95">
|
||
<collectionCode id="007C0A8FD213F0D9A67823D61C7E6A40">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
25726
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 598mm TL,
|
||
<location id="306E3F55769E5A614DBDA37172592C54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:306E3F55769E5A614DBDA37172592C54" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.705" longitude="19.74" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 39, A 3337 2662 - 014">R.V. Africana Cruise 39, A3337 2662-014</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BE38DCE2F6894ACBD2AA8966145211AB" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-35.705">35°42'18"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="96730DD3884F805A2E4F2D72BC94F4AB" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="19.74">19°44'24"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="67E890A20B51F8CE9ABFF772A14ED05B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900240" collectionCode="RUSI" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.95139" longitude="31.241667" specimenCode="RUSI 38280" stateProvince="kwaZulu-Natal">
|
||
<specimenCode id="C22E0DEE5A9EFE142799F959173DF103">
|
||
<collectionCode id="9194CED4C95CF9CDB0CB01E152B5EEC3">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
38280
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, adolescent female 351mm TL, [[
|
||
<location id="AF9A657C1D003FDBCBD6CE8808FD7C29" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:AF9A657C1D003FDBCBD6CE8808FD7C29" country="South Africa" latitude="-29.95139" longitude="31.241667" name="off Durban" stateProvince="kwaZulu-Natal">off Durban</location>
|
||
]]
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="0B0DBE92507464F577E193522B42C78B" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-29.95139">29°57'05"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DA1A0511DF26205EF89EA1B30BED8FEA" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="31.241667">31°14'30"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AF8777538487763E251951C827F4B7AE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900241" collectionCode="RUSI" country="Namibia" latitude="-29.933332" location="Namibia" longitude="16.388332" specimenCode="RUSI 48813">
|
||
<specimenCode id="3B2415BC9CBF62F6ADE0FA7026AD3196">
|
||
<collectionCode id="B9B5B865CA9D203FBFCFD1FF839E8A52">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
48813
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, immature female 224mm TL,
|
||
<location id="911EC3E0EE70A10D973B3681BD47CBCF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:911EC3E0EE70A10D973B3681BD47CBCF" country="Namibia" latitude="-29.933332" longitude="16.388332" name="Namibia">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="946B567036FD1FAA20FA2D1168F5C94F">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="A5B69CA1632CC54BA5ABB740B4E399E7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-29.933332">29°56'00”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="184D8880674092E4A8CC2019F968333F" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="16.388332">16°23'18"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="B7C6A2BD1BC20436815A46ED413BE759" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900252" collectionCode="RUSI" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="Namibia" latitude="-27.456667" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 59, A 6949 0219 - 88" longitude="14.416667" specimenCode="RUSI 53725">
|
||
<specimenCode id="00429AAC79FBE59EEF93779E47BB60A4">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F69B3B58BFDD92B9A7016A1581AE7920">RUSI</collectionCode>
|
||
53725
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature male 604mm TL,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="33D76472371638AE83A663B54C8E8EFF">Namibia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5EF4595FBF2749A7439C41C20DC062DE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:5EF4595FBF2749A7439C41C20DC062DE" country="Namibia" latitude="-27.456667" longitude="14.416667" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 59, A 6949 0219 - 88">R.V. Africana Cruise 59, A6949 0219-88</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="950B6DA337A05B89DBF1D8A2C3D2DD83" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-27.456667">27°27'24"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="DA6478534E40B7B96FE7138984C1E34C" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="14.416667">14°25'00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AA02EA0AA8A1DFD213FCBC55E9E41F19" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900251" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.720833" location="S of Cape Town" longitude="18.5" specimenCode="SAM 12986, SAM 12987" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="77A294488F0B53619167362A5D5F75B7">
|
||
<collectionCode id="73CEE9CEF92C844E3B7C5161ED3CB11C">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
12986
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, adolescent male;
|
||
<specimenCode id="DF4FB3A0FCBC1B39A2D0E0ECFDFE55CC">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C7D20055E2C5E39EB6BEC35732E4992C">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
12987
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 3 specimens, juvenile males, 270mm TL and 420mm TL, immature male, 270mm TL, [[
|
||
<location id="40DCCC97C9EAA5BBCCD3F2F8766228A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:40DCCC97C9EAA5BBCCD3F2F8766228A4" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.720833" longitude="18.5" name="S of Cape Town" stateProvince="Western Cape">S of Cape Town</location>
|
||
]]
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="48BAEF7349CD0AF4B9532F29A08072E6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.720833">34°43'15"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="AF2F1BF4C6203E23B55F67FF3E316995" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.5">18°30'00”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="8F5432D5AB48375BE372D679F213ED12" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900256" collectionCode="SAM (previously PF)" collectorName="S. S. Pieter Faure" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.25" location="NW ½ N 18 mi off East London" longitude="28.158333" specimenCode="SAM 12988, previously PF 12684" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="58AAFCB4CACB958256A4E0541F1F08F4">
|
||
<collectionCode id="7C027E6B495BC7DD13AE67C92A86ADED">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
12988, previously
|
||
<collectionCode id="424C02FEB8ACD15D4BF3A34250D54B45">PF</collectionCode>
|
||
12684
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, gravid female 425mm TL,
|
||
<location id="3F37B7186E26ECA9474B428072DD2F2B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:3F37B7186E26ECA9474B428072DD2F2B" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.25" longitude="28.158333" name="NW ½ N 18 mi off East London" stateProvince="Eastern Cape">NW½N 18mi off East London</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0C606EBD753CC474A34FB87A00F10A1E">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2400CB3A383F491FA5396B7C9C9E3FCC">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="32AB48F4F20C7C0D86F3C677D53A9312">S.S. Pieter Faure</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3A2C1E6DB7F8F0F2A53F8BEF3A970FF7" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-33.25">33°15'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F12D49DF4416648FA8D94A9FCE613016" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="28.158333">28°09.5'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AB22843316EDBA018A598DF8C7712414" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900242" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="S. S. Pieter Faure" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.6" location="NE ½ N 19 mi off Cape Point" longitude="18.3" specimenCode="SAM 12989" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="3D581642B5A22BA685C267730C0FAF30">
|
||
<collectionCode id="9AC2101BEDBF84DA6D8907D5036E9E19">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
12989
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, juvenile male 270mm TL,
|
||
<location id="9642CD76099ABC9452C42DB0082C41E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:9642CD76099ABC9452C42DB0082C41E5" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.6" longitude="18.3" name="NE ½ N 19 mi off Cape Point" stateProvince="Western Cape">NE½N 19mi off Cape Point</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FBF98CB6268D37A336B68E77C492409F">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="26EB36A6FC094911C545507F6402A385">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="ADC4EE44B7747FB264CD62106B4D5C57">S.S. Pieter Faure</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7785EACDDB7542B9EB77117979572F5F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.6">34°36'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="28D95C0051DE0917E9F88C58541DEC79" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.3">18°18'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C18E1BADFCFD5F63791302B86FA03528" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900248" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="S. S. Pieter Faure" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.408333" location="NE by E ¾ E 8 mi off Cape Point" longitude="18.383333" specimenCode="SAM 12990" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DF5329A18D6989679ECA0B0053CA3CCC">
|
||
<collectionCode id="F3099A180DDF5FA6E7897D941D810862">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
12990
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 5 specimens, 4 juvenile females, 176mm TL, 200mm TL, 230mm TL, and 254mm TL, and one juvenile male, 232mm TL,
|
||
<location id="5A9F2EDAA145CC32A03C23B6864D2FDC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:5A9F2EDAA145CC32A03C23B6864D2FDC" country="South Africa" latitude="-34.408333" longitude="18.383333" name="NE by E ¾ E 8 mi off Cape Point" stateProvince="Western Cape">NE by E¾E 8mi off Cape Point</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="32CF851C71EEADC5D5457020DD692F3E">Western Cape</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="FE7B7FD19527B753D2C40CA760B50CB3">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="54F8F34096B0871500A2981C1CCC3553">S.S. Pieter Faure</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="E61737176F593EB3F07ECECF8EFD771F" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-34.408333">34°24.5'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="350F214C1E839B3D0A1C54768DE78EA8" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="18.383333">18°23'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="2BA3B64DEB1843BE627F09E5D407A9C6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900247" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" specimenCode="SAM 12991">
|
||
<specimenCode id="FA768B8B10F71B5DD2B98BA9913F4C6A">
|
||
<collectionCode id="AAA5171DE234B30710B90F8DFA74EF6E">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
12991
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, adolescent female
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FB96194FDFD3A416A36FB664A854447A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900249" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" specimenCode="SAM 24408">
|
||
<specimenCode id="8C3A78EF9085BF0662144E097D5299CE">
|
||
<collectionCode id="4FB7309BAFC6EFFBCD6FADDE8B93D143">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
24408
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, 2 specimens, one adolescent female, one mature male
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="12B54C4C55D4574BB4D124E979F7A734" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900243" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" specimenCode="SAM 27027">
|
||
<specimenCode id="A59DCBAB6DB2C47742285F94ACFFC98F">
|
||
<collectionCode id="6E5A21C66420AFA9C6212822A35544A3">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
27027
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="092336E037EAF19A014AB28D2977520C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900250" collectionCode="SAM" country="South Africa" specimenCode="SAM 31695">
|
||
<specimenCode id="F7A126CA974195D9881AB6D40AF3A864">
|
||
<collectionCode id="2CDF3AD8024C3BB53763A4511F1ED7F6">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
31695
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
; SAM 32448, designated neotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="163A84894F06B6F242A803A0F5ED0003" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Holohalaelurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="regani">H. regani</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see under Type Series and Locality for details;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D78FE8CDE75793720A0170B39A11947C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900244" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.066666" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 86, A 10600" longitude="20.733334" specimenCode="SAM 32619" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="9A644FF6CD260F244C8E0B1E790A83FF">
|
||
<collectionCode id="EFD6F330B47C0A3E7A0A6C48B21F9821">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
32619
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, mature female,
|
||
<location id="FA857B41CDA882E641B3B9597ADCD9FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:FA857B41CDA882E641B3B9597ADCD9FA" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.066666" longitude="20.733334" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 86, A 10600" stateProvince="Western Cape">R.V. Africana Cruise 86, A10600</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="8795E0BB977FE8B518F60BD0D0BE51BC" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-35.066666">35°04'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="BDFC775D56A0236F5C8C2A05EDE4D46A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="20.733334">20°44'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="29E0D6D1AAA41E7E7B44F2E21A69D7CE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900254" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.116665" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 60, A 7045" longitude="19.466667" specimenCode="SAM 32995" stateProvince="Western Cape">
|
||
<specimenCode id="7D551F990F8C6713F83A1BE5D32B553F">
|
||
<collectionCode id="554324C3E7F7E93614E24EBA4927C5F9">SAM</collectionCode>
|
||
32995
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="CEBD687A3DF6CBF5152BAC1B1B9F8599" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:CEBD687A3DF6CBF5152BAC1B1B9F8599" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.116665" longitude="19.466667" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 60, A 7045" stateProvince="Western Cape">R.V. Africana Cruise 60, A7045</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7462AE4947C8D0E50C886FF22694CF4C" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-35.116665">35°07'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="323B830276540297303D42DDFAEC937E" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="19.466667">19°28'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AEEFF9382EE4783A82244BCCF94AC73E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900259" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-36.15" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 111, A 14748" longitude="20.116667" specimenCode="SAM 33287">
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<specimenCode id="650788D862C90F9E9B37897A67B485D4">
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<collectionCode id="5AB948B8B920E426716D3A130241564C">SAM</collectionCode>
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33287
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</specimenCode>
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,
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<location id="8550EA404FD130E3F66D4B8E68290916" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:8550EA404FD130E3F66D4B8E68290916" country="South Africa" latitude="-36.15" longitude="20.116667" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 111, A 14748">R.V. Africana Cruise 111, A14748</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7F7924AA963726C3F44D758FFF27B4E3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-36.15">36°09'S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="25E34CE7E90A586B2C3AA8AE0F2C22A1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="20.116667">20°7'E</geoCoordinate>
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="A19EB179DDFEF1EFE06EB1606E2559DE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900262" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.108334" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 139, A 18578 2606 - 083" longitude="19.141666" specimenCode="SAM 34500" stateProvince="Western Cape">
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<specimenCode id="ABA370F4A1BDC84BA9A8D5D379D4A2F6">
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||
<collectionCode id="492AE8EBBE53C2242321998A47D4FD38">SAM</collectionCode>
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34500
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</specimenCode>
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,
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<location id="C03FB7BB95A585FBAF93E230D02AA0DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:C03FB7BB95A585FBAF93E230D02AA0DD" country="South Africa" latitude="-35.108334" longitude="19.141666" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 139, A 18578 2606 - 083" stateProvince="Western Cape">R.V. Africana Cruise 139, A18578 2606-083</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="41AD220F1BF96D2A02DE0FB210939EED" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-35.108334">35°06.5'S</geoCoordinate>
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</materialsCitation>
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||
;
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||
<materialsCitation id="D3CA7456E3D3031351DE62E60334FA9A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923900263" collectionCode="SAM" collectorName="R.V. Africana" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.316666" location="R. V. Africana Cruise 109, A 14673" longitude="16.591667" specimenCode="SAM 34648" stateProvince="Western Cape">
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<specimenCode id="570EB73BCA87F22062B537EEE8BF129A">
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<collectionCode id="99952D8950BB09CA04931F8F9B7A13A9">SAM</collectionCode>
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34648
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</specimenCode>
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,
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||
<location id="CBFAE5FA3B9376B15B4AA6CAB048F7C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2CD2A0939ACEC55057E62F855F17483:CBFAE5FA3B9376B15B4AA6CAB048F7C6" country="South Africa" latitude="-33.316666" longitude="16.591667" name="R. V. Africana Cruise 109, A 14673" stateProvince="Western Cape">R.V. Africana Cruise 109, A14673</location>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="4BE030814C9B2B1BFA67ED8BAB8B3BCB" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-33.316666">33°19'S</geoCoordinate>
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||
<geoCoordinate id="5CFF55D844DD6B89E02EED540990896A" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="16.591667">16°35.5'E</geoCoordinate>
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||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |