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<document id="C8B927C6786BF320A3FBEB72428157A6" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.632.1.1" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10435352" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="jonas" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="jonas" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="jonas" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="jonas" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="jonas" checkinTime="1703670979953" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, David M. &amp; Vijver, Bart Van De" docDate="2023" docId="A2119C6CFFDF2346FF73F98CFE233B99" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.632.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 632 (1)" docSource="https://phytotaxa.mapress.com/pt/article/download/phytotaxa.632.1.1/51385" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Ctenophora saxonica D. M. Williams &amp; Van de Vijver 2023, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="5E28E414FFD7234AFFFBFFD5FF903D20" masterDocTitle="The diatom genus Ctenophora: A discussion on its morphology, relationships, and some species" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1704294298171" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="6AAC507AC44D02DD85707A43058A17D0">The diatom genus Ctenophora: A discussion on its morphology, relationships, and some species</mods:title>
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<heading id="714F9A16FFDF2342FF73F98CFBE13B53" bold="true" box="[136,1137,1625,1652]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FF73F98CFBE13B53" bold="true" box="[136,1137,1625,1652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDF2342FF73F98CFCC13B53" authority="(Kutz.) D. M. Williams &amp; Van de Vijver" authorityName="D. M. Williams &amp; Van de Vijver" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="D. M. Williams &amp; Van de Vijver" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[136,849,1625,1652]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Ctenophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FF73F98CFEEF3B53" bold="true" box="[136,383,1625,1652]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ctenophora saxonica</emphasis>
(Kütz.) D.M.Williams &amp; Van de Vijver
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, 
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="03FF4C13FFDF2342FCA6F98CFC493B54" box="[861,985,1625,1652]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDF2342FC13F98CFBF83B53" box="[1000,1128,1625,1651]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 32–40" captionStart-1="FIGURE 41–45" captionStart-2="FIGURE 46–49" captionStart-3="FIGURES 50–52" captionStartId-0="9.[136,243,1827,1849]" captionStartId-1="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionStartId-2="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionStartId-3="13.[136,243,1226,1248]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1431,677,1803]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetBox-2="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetBox-3="[152,1436,200,1202]" captionTargetId-0="figure-264@9.[151,1436,677,1803]" captionTargetId-1="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId-2="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId-3="figure-19@13.[151,1436,190,1202]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionTargetPageId-3="13" captionText-0="FIGURES 32–40: Fig. 32, reproduction of the original drawing of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: pl. 15, fig. XIV); Fig. 33, reproduction of the original description of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: 68); Fig. 34, text from catalogue indicated sample 166; Fig. 35. packet for ‘Kützing 166’ (“Salzsee”); Figs 36–38, LM for specimens from BM 18344; Figs 39, 40, reproduction of figure for Synedra pulchella var. saxonica (Kütz.) Grunow in Van Heurck 1881: pl. 41, fig. 3, Fig. 40 the original, Fig. 39, from Van Heurck’s annotated archived copy). Scale bars = 10μm." captionText-1="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." captionText-2="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." captionText-3="FIGURES 50–52: Fig. 50, Exilaria fasciculata sensu Kütz. (1834b [1833]: Dec. VIII, no. 74) in BR; Fig. 51, reproduction of description for E. fasciculata sensu Kützing (1833: 561); Fig. 52, reproduction of drawing for E. fasciculata Kütz. (1834a: taf. 15, fig. 40). Scale bar = 10μm" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435364" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435370" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10435364/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/10435370/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 32–52</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Basionym: 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDF2342FF0DF954FD833BB6" authority="Kutz. 1844" authorityName=", Kutzing" authorityYear="1844" box="[246,531,1665,1687]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FF0DF954FE303BB7" box="[246,416,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Synedra saxonica</emphasis>
Kütz. 1844
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FDE6F957FC7B3BB7" box="[541,1003,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Die kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen</emphasis>
: 68, pl. 15, fig. XIV (see 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDF2342FB19F954FADF3BB6" box="[1250,1359,1665,1687]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[136,243,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,677,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-264@9.[151,1436,677,1803]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40: Fig. 32, reproduction of the original drawing of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: pl. 15, fig. XIV); Fig. 33, reproduction of the original description of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: 68); Fig. 34, text from catalogue indicated sample 166; Fig. 35. packet for ‘Kützing 166’ (“Salzsee”); Figs 36–38, LM for specimens from BM 18344; Figs 39, 40, reproduction of figure for Synedra pulchella var. saxonica (Kütz.) Grunow in Van Heurck 1881: pl. 41, fig. 3, Fig. 40 the original, Fig. 39, from Van Heurck’s annotated archived copy). Scale bars = 10μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 32–34</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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Synonym: 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDF2342FF0AF970FD533B9A" authority="(Kutz.) Grunow" authorityName="Grunow" baseAuthorityName="Kutz." box="[241,707,1701,1723]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="variety" species="pulchella" variety="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FF0AF970FE0E3B9A" box="[241,414,1701,1722]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Synedra pulchella</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FE35F973FDB33B9B" box="[462,547,1702,1723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">saxonica</emphasis>
(Kütz.) Grunow
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in 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDF2342FD1AF970FC1B3B9A" author="Van Heurck, H." box="[737,907,1701,1723]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="31 - 77" refId="ref16709" refString="Van Heurck, H. (1881) Synopsis des Diatomees de Belgique. Atlas. Ducaju &amp; Cie., Anvers, pls 31 - 77. [https: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 62251160. texteImage]" type="book chapter" year="1881">Van Heurck 1881</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 41, fig. 3 (see 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDF2342FBC6F970FB393B9A" box="[1085,1193,1701,1723]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[136,243,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,677,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-264@9.[151,1436,677,1803]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40: Fig. 32, reproduction of the original drawing of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: pl. 15, fig. XIV); Fig. 33, reproduction of the original description of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: 68); Fig. 34, text from catalogue indicated sample 166; Fig. 35. packet for ‘Kützing 166’ (“Salzsee”); Figs 36–38, LM for specimens from BM 18344; Figs 39, 40, reproduction of figure for Synedra pulchella var. saxonica (Kütz.) Grunow in Van Heurck 1881: pl. 41, fig. 3, Fig. 40 the original, Fig. 39, from Van Heurck’s annotated archived copy). Scale bars = 10μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 39, 40</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDF2342FF73F91CFD693BFE" authority="(Kutz.) H. Schonf. 1907: 104" authorityName="H. Schonf." authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Kutz." box="[136,761,1737,1759]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Ctenophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="variety" species="pulchella" variety="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FF73F91CFECA3BFE" box="[136,346,1737,1758]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ctenophora pulchella</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FE72F91FFE4E3BFF" box="[393,478,1738,1759]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">saxonica</emphasis>
(Kütz.) H.Schönf. 1907: 104
</taxonomicName>
, 248, 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FCC8F91CFCE63BFE" box="[819,886,1737,1758]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">invalid</emphasis>
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Registration: http://phycobank.org/104111 (name); http://phycobank.org/104119 (
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)
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<materialsCitation id="9AD02727FFDF2342FF73F8C4FB0A3A06" box="[136,1178,1809,1831]" country="Germany" location="Gewassern an Conferven" municipality="Gewassern an Conferven" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1">
TYPE:— 
<collectingCountry id="52AF6DEAFFDF2342FF2AF8C4FEA63A06" box="[209,310,1809,1830]" name="Germany" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">GERMANY</collectingCountry>
, “[…] in süssen und salzigen 
<collectingMunicipality id="CA63B700FFDF2342FDBCF8C4FCA53A07" box="[583,821,1809,1831]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Gewässern an Conferven</collectingMunicipality>
[…]” (
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDF2342FC8DF8C4FBBA3A07" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[886,1066,1809,1831]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">Kützing 1833: 561</bibRefCitation>
, 
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)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="9AD02727FFDF2342FB59F8C4FD6D3A4F" country="Germany" location="Gewassern an Conferven" municipality="Gewassern an Conferven" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1">
“In lacu salso ad Confervam flavescentenem [
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDF2342FE99F8E0FDD13A6A" box="[354,577,1845,1866]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Cladophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cladophorales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FE99F8E0FDD13A6A" box="[354,577,1845,1866]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cladophora flavescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] prope Rollsdorf, fl. Halens” (
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDF2342FC94F8E0FB913A6B" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[879,1025,1845,1867]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref14893" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 b [1833]) Algarum Aquae Dulcis Germanicarum. Decas VIII. Collegit Fridericus Traugott Kutzing, Societ. Bot. Ratisbon. Sodalis. Halis Saxonum in Commissis C. A. Schwetschkii et Fil., 4 pp." type="book" year="1834">Kützing 1834b</bibRefCitation>
[
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDF2342FBF4F8E0FBD53A6A" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1039,1093,1845,1866]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">1833</bibRefCitation>
], Dec. VIII, no. 74), see https://data. nhm.ac.uk/object/44e566fe-37b5-45b6-8e47-9da9a9e79d08
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="9AD02727FFDF2342FCF6F88CFF683AB2" country="Germany" location="Gewassern an Conferven" municipality="Gewassern an Conferven" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1">
“An 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDF2342FCC6F88CFC2F3A4E" box="[829,959,1881,1902]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Cladophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cladophorales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FCC6F88CFC2F3A4E" box="[829,959,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. flavescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
im Salzsee bei Rollsdorf” (in 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FB09F88CFAB93A4E" box="[1266,1321,1881,1902]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Flora</emphasis>
17(45): 716, 1834)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="9AD02727FFDF2342FEFEF8A8FD943AFB" collectionCode="BM" country="Germany" location="Gewassern an Conferven" municipality="Gewassern an Conferven" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCode="BM 18344" specimenCount="1">
“Im salzigen See [Salzsee] bei Eisleben an 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDF2342FD42F8A8FC093AB2" box="[697,921,1917,1938]" class="Ulvophyceae" family="Cladophoraceae" genus="Cladophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cladophorales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chlorophyta" rank="species" species="flavescens">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FD42F8A8FC093AB2" box="[697,921,1917,1938]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Cladophora flavescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
! im Flensburger Meerbusen an 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDF2342FB21F8ABFAD73AB3" authorityName="Lyngbye" authorityYear="1819" box="[1242,1351,1918,1939]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Ectocarpaceae" genus="Ectocarpus" kingdom="Chromista" order="Ectocarpales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDF2342FB21F8ABFAD73AB3" box="[1242,1351,1918,1939]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ectocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: Binder!” (
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDF2342FF3FF874FEFF3A97" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[196,367,1953,1975]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref14943" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1844) Die kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. W. Kohne, Nordhausen. 152 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 64360" type="book" year="1844">Kützing 1844: 68</bibRefCitation>
), 
<specimenCode id="7A1E8501FFDF2342FE84F874FE7D3A96" box="[383,493,1953,1974]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">BM 18344</specimenCode>
!, https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/44e566fe-37b5-45b6-8e47-9da9a9e79d08, “Salzsee” (‘Kützing 166’, see 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDF2342FF19F810FEB83AFA" box="[226,296,1989,2011]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[136,243,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,677,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-264@9.[151,1436,677,1803]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40: Fig. 32, reproduction of the original drawing of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: pl. 15, fig. XIV); Fig. 33, reproduction of the original description of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: 68); Fig. 34, text from catalogue indicated sample 166; Fig. 35. packet for ‘Kützing 166’ (“Salzsee”); Figs 36–38, LM for specimens from BM 18344; Figs 39, 40, reproduction of figure for Synedra pulchella var. saxonica (Kütz.) Grunow in Van Heurck 1881: pl. 41, fig. 3, Fig. 40 the original, Fig. 39, from Van Heurck’s annotated archived copy). Scale bars = 10μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
, specimens 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDF2342FE60F810FE6D3AFB" box="[411,509,1989,2011]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[136,243,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,677,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-264@9.[151,1436,677,1803]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40: Fig. 32, reproduction of the original drawing of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: pl. 15, fig. XIV); Fig. 33, reproduction of the original description of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: 68); Fig. 34, text from catalogue indicated sample 166; Fig. 35. packet for ‘Kützing 166’ (“Salzsee”); Figs 36–38, LM for specimens from BM 18344; Figs 39, 40, reproduction of figure for Synedra pulchella var. saxonica (Kütz.) Grunow in Van Heurck 1881: pl. 41, fig. 3, Fig. 40 the original, Fig. 39, from Van Heurck’s annotated archived copy). Scale bars = 10μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435364/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 35–8</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="9AD02727FFDF2342FDF5F810FE243ADF" country="Germany" location="Gewassern an Conferven" municipality="Gewassern an Conferven" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
“Salzee | Kützing”, see https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/ 
<date id="5E060BBAFFDF2342FBF7F810FBE03AFB" box="[1036,1136,1989,2011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" value="1470-05-24">24051470</date>
-3546-4bb4-b01d-c5262e934f85, 
<typeStatus id="F50393D8FFDF2342FF46F83CFE853ADF" box="[189,277,2025,2047]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">lectotype</typeStatus>
designated here
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="62A27EF1FFDE2343FF73FF4AFB103F48" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDE2343FF73FF4AFB103F48" blockId="9.[136,1452,158,617]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Valves lanceolate, gradually tapering towards sub-capitate poles; length ca. 51–97μm, width ca. 4–6μm (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FADEFF4BFA373D99" box="[1317,1447,158,185]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[136,243,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,677,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-264@9.[151,1436,677,1803]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40: Fig. 32, reproduction of the original drawing of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: pl. 15, fig. XIV); Fig. 33, reproduction of the original description of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: 68); Fig. 34, text from catalogue indicated sample 166; Fig. 35. packet for ‘Kützing 166’ (“Salzsee”); Figs 36–38, LM for specimens from BM 18344; Figs 39, 40, reproduction of figure for Synedra pulchella var. saxonica (Kütz.) Grunow in Van Heurck 1881: pl. 41, fig. 3, Fig. 40 the original, Fig. 39, from Van Heurck’s annotated archived copy). Scale bars = 10μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435364/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 35–38</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FF73FF17FF363DFC" box="[136,166,194,220]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">41</figureCitation>
, measurements based on 
<typeStatus id="F50393D8FFDE2343FE47FF16FE7C3DFD" box="[444,492,195,221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
specimens only). Sternum narrow, but linear, regular, slightly narrowing towards poles (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FF6BFF33FE823C21" box="[144,274,230,257]" captionStart="FIGURES 32–40" captionStartId="9.[136,243,1827,1849]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,677,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-264@9.[151,1436,677,1803]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 32–40: Fig. 32, reproduction of the original drawing of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: pl. 15, fig. XIV); Fig. 33, reproduction of the original description of Synedra saxonica (from Kützing 1844: 68); Fig. 34, text from catalogue indicated sample 166; Fig. 35. packet for ‘Kützing 166’ (“Salzsee”); Figs 36–38, LM for specimens from BM 18344; Figs 39, 40, reproduction of figure for Synedra pulchella var. saxonica (Kütz.) Grunow in Van Heurck 1881: pl. 41, fig. 3, Fig. 40 the original, Fig. 39, from Van Heurck’s annotated archived copy). Scale bars = 10μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435364/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 35–38</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FEE7FF33FEF73C20" box="[284,359,230,256]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">41–44</figureCitation>
). Meeting square to broadly circular-oblong shaped ‘central area’, not buttressed, simply series of infilled virgae and vimines, not extending on mantle (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FD25FEDFFCA53C04" box="[734,821,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 42</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FCBBFEDFFCCE3C04" box="[832,862,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">47</figureCitation>
, arrows on 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FC24FEDFFBA23C04" box="[991,1074,266,292]" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
); ‘ghost striae’ present, faint (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FA85FEDFFF383C68" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
). Sternum meeting and integrated with virgae, both same size; vimines reduced in size relative to virgae (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FAB4FEFBFA363C69" box="[1359,1446,302,329]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FF73FE87FF413C4C" box="[136,209,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">47, 49</figureCitation>
), appearing as mesh-work with ca. 6–8 strutted closing plate, circular with smaller pores at centre (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FADDFE87FAEC3C4D" box="[1318,1404,338,365]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FA73FE87FF383CB0" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">47, 49</figureCitation>
). Striae (= virgae+vimines) 13–14 (?) in 10μm, areolae ca. 20 (?) in 10μm, regularly spaced, parallel, extending onto mantle, in ca. 4 ‘rows’ (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FE77FE4FFE723C95" box="[396,482,410,437]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FE16FE4FFDA63C94" box="[493,566,410,436]" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">47, 49</figureCitation>
). Apical pore field as ocellulimbus (sunken pore field), composed of 5 x 7 rows/ columns of pores, situated entirely on valve mantle (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FD2DFE6BFCBD3CF9" box="[726,813,446,473]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 45</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FCC1FE6BFC143CF8" box="[826,900,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">47, 49</figureCitation>
). Spines absent. Rimoportulae simple, composed of (internally) paired lips situated on or adjacent to virga, externally occur between virgae, one at each pole, externally centred (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FF11FDD3FECE3F00" box="[234,350,518,544]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 43–6</figureCitation>
, arrow in 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FE34FDD3FDB33F01" box="[463,547,518,545]" captionStart="FIGURE 41–45" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetId="figure-22@10.[151,1436,190,1698]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 41–45: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
). Girdle composed of two (?) open bands, VC plus one C (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FB43FDD3FA9D3F00" box="[1208,1293,518,544]" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
); VC plain, 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDE2343FA6DFDD2FA3C3F00" box="[1430,1452,519,544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">pi</emphasis>
with crenulated edge to fit virgae, central smooth area to fit ‘central area’; 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDE2343FC45FDFEFC483F64" box="[958,984,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">pe</emphasis>
separated with ridge, ca. four times larger than 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDE2343FF44FD9AFF453F48" box="[191,213,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">pi</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FF1FFD9BFEA83F48" box="[228,312,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
, arrows). Open portions of VC meet at pole, aligned horizontally (
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDE2343FBE4FD9BFBE43F48" box="[1055,1140,590,616]" captionStart="FIGURE 46–49" captionStartId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-19@11.[298,1290,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 46–49: SEM micrographs, Ctenophora saxonica, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="7EC77DF2FFDE2343FF73F8F6FDD13AEA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435364" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10435364" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435364/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[136,243,1827,1849]" targetBox="[151,1431,677,1803]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDE2343FF73F8F6FDD13AEA" blockId="9.[136,1452,1827,1994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDE2343FF73F8F6FEAF3A19" bold="true" box="[136,319,1827,1849]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURES 32–40:</emphasis>
Fig. 32, reproduction of the original drawing of 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDE2343FCDDF8F1FC423A19" authorityName=", Kutzing" authorityYear="1844" box="[806,978,1828,1849]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDE2343FCDDF8F1FC423A19" box="[806,978,1828,1849]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Synedra saxonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDE2343FBE2F8F1FB333A19" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1049,1187,1828,1850]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14943" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1844) Die kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. W. Kohne, Nordhausen. 152 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 64360" type="book" year="1844">Kützing 1844</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 15, fig. XIV); Fig. 33, reproduction of the original description of 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDE2343FDCAF89DFD4D3A7D" authorityName=", Kutzing" authorityYear="1844" box="[561,733,1864,1885]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDE2343FDCAF89DFD4D3A7D" box="[561,733,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Synedra saxonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDE2343FCDEF89DFC453A7E" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[805,981,1864,1886]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14943" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1844) Die kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. W. Kohne, Nordhausen. 152 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 64360" type="book" year="1844">Kützing 1844: 68</bibRefCitation>
); Fig. 34, text from catalogue indicated sample 166; Fig. 35. packet for ‘Kützing 166’ (“Salzsee”); Figs 36–38, LM for specimens from BM 18344; Figs 39, 40, reproduction of figure for 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDE2343FF50F845FDEF3A85" authority="(Kutz.) Grunow" authorityName="Grunow" baseAuthorityName="Kutz." box="[171,639,1936,1957]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="variety" species="pulchella" variety="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDE2343FF50F845FEC93A85" box="[171,345,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Synedra pulchella</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDE2343FE72F845FE4E3A85" box="[393,478,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">saxonica</emphasis>
(Kütz.) Grunow
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDE2343FD65F845FCDA3A85" author="Van Heurck, H." box="[670,842,1936,1958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="31 - 77" refId="ref16709" refString="Van Heurck, H. (1881) Synopsis des Diatomees de Belgique. Atlas. Ducaju &amp; Cie., Anvers, pls 31 - 77. [https: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 62251160. texteImage]" type="book chapter" year="1881">Van Heurck 1881</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 41, fig. 3, Fig. 40 the original, Fig. 39, from Van Heurck’s annotated archived copy). Scale bars = 10μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="7EC77DF2FFDD2340FF73F96FFAAE3A37" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435366" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10435366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435366/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[136,229,1722,1744]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1698]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDD2340FF73F96FFAAE3A37" blockId="10.[136,1451,1722,1816]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDD2340FF73F96FFEA13BEF" bold="true" box="[136,305,1722,1744]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 41–45:</emphasis>
SEM micrographs, 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDD2340FE02F96FFD583BF0" authorityName="D. M. Williams &amp; Van de Vijver" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="D. M. Williams &amp; Van de Vijver" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[505,712,1722,1744]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Ctenophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDD2340FE02F96FFD583BF0" box="[505,712,1722,1744]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ctenophora saxonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Fig. 41, internal view of whole valve; Fig. 42, detail of buttressed central area; Figs 43, 44, detail of poles, for rimoportula, virgae and vimines; Fig. 45, external detail of pole with narrow sternum, areolae ornamentation, rimoportula (arrow) and ocellulimbus. Scale bars = 2μm (Figs 42, 43, 45), = 1μm (Fig. 44), = 10μm (Fig. 41).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="7EC77DF2FFDC2341FF73F875FF733502" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435368" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10435368" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435368/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[136,229,1952,1974]" targetBox="[298,1290,190,1928]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDC2341FF73F875FF733502" blockId="11.[136,1452,1952,2083]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDC2341FF73F875FEBF3A95" bold="true" box="[136,303,1952,1974]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 46–49:</emphasis>
SEM micrographs, 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDC2341FE14F874FD2C3A96" authorityName="D. M. Williams &amp; Van de Vijver" authorityYear="2023" baseAuthorityName="D. M. Williams &amp; Van de Vijver" baseAuthorityYear="2023" box="[495,700,1953,1974]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Ctenophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDC2341FE14F874FD2C3A96" box="[495,700,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ctenophora saxonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, Fig. 46, internal view of pole, with rimoportula, ocellulimbus, and striae; Fig. 47, detail of central area from valve and girdle view (arrows); Fig. 48, whole valve in girdle view; Fig. 49, details of VC and copula at pole, plain arrows indicating open bands and dashed arrows their ornamentation. Scale bars = 1μm (Fig. 46), = 2μm (Figs 47, 49), = 10μm (Fig. 48).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="62A27EF1FFDB2346FF46FF4AFE233B99" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDB2346FF46FF4AFB193CDC" blockId="12.[136,1452,158,509]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
In the protologue for 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FE52FF4BFCC13D98" authority=", Kutzing (1844: 68)" authorityName=", Kutzing" authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="1844" box="[425,849,158,185]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FE52FF4BFDFF3D98" box="[425,623,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Synedra saxonica</emphasis>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FD87FF4BFCC13D98" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[636,849,158,184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14943" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1844) Die kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. W. Kohne, Nordhausen. 152 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 64360" type="book" year="1844">Kützing (1844: 68)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
refers to specimens he had previously named 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FAABFF4BFE933DFC" authorityName="sensu Kutzing" authorityYear="1834" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FAABFF4BFE933DFC" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria fasciculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FEEBFF17FE723DFD" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[272,482,194,221]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">Kützing 1833: 561</bibRefCitation>
, taf. 15, fig. 40, 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FD69FF17FCF03DFC" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[658,864,194,220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14861" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 a) Synopsis Diatomearum oder, Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Halle: Schwetschke, 92 pp., VII pls." type="book" year="1834">Kützing 1834a: 33</bibRefCitation>
, taf. III, fig. 40; 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FBEAFF17FB263DFC" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1041,1206,194,220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14893" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 b [1833]) Algarum Aquae Dulcis Germanicarum. Decas VIII. Collegit Fridericus Traugott Kutzing, Societ. Bot. Ratisbon. Sodalis. Halis Saxonum in Commissis C. A. Schwetschkii et Fil., 4 pp." type="book" year="1834">Kützing 1834b</bibRefCitation>
[
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FB38FF17FA933DFC" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1219,1283,194,220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">1833</bibRefCitation>
]: Dec. VIII, no. 74, see 
<figureCitation id="B28331FFFFDB2346FF26FF33FEF03C21" box="[221,352,230,257]" captionStart="FIGURES 50–52" captionStartId="13.[136,243,1226,1248]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,200,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-19@13.[151,1436,190,1202]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 50–52: Fig. 50, Exilaria fasciculata sensu Kütz. (1834b [1833]: Dec. VIII, no. 74) in BR; Fig. 51, reproduction of description for E. fasciculata sensu Kützing (1833: 561); Fig. 52, reproduction of drawing for E. fasciculata Kütz. (1834a: taf. 15, fig. 40). Scale bar = 10μm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10435370" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10435370/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 50–52</figureCitation>
). In this earlier account, Kützing attributed the name 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FC4FFF33FB023C20" authorityName="sensu Kutzing" authorityYear="1834" box="[948,1170,230,256]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FC4FFF33FB023C20" box="[948,1170,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria fasciculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to Greville and provided a list of synonyms (
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FE98FEDFFDA93C05" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[355,569,266,293]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">Kützing 1833: 561</bibRefCitation>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FD8EFEDFFCD83C04" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[629,840,266,292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14861" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 a) Synopsis Diatomearum oder, Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Halle: Schwetschke, 92 pp., VII pls." type="book" year="1834">Kützing 1834a: 32</bibRefCitation>
; in 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FC8AFEDFFB883C04" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[881,1048,266,292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14893" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 b [1833]) Algarum Aquae Dulcis Germanicarum. Decas VIII. Collegit Fridericus Traugott Kutzing, Societ. Bot. Ratisbon. Sodalis. Halis Saxonum in Commissis C. A. Schwetschkii et Fil., 4 pp." type="book" year="1834">Kützing 1834b</bibRefCitation>
[
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FBDDFEDFFBF63C04" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1062,1126,266,292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">1833</bibRefCitation>
]: no. 74, he cites just the two Greville publications; all of these synonyms are summarised in 
<tableCitation id="673A18C1FFDB2346FCBFFEFBFC093C68" box="[836,921,302,328]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="12.[136,224,556,580]" captionTargetBox="[147,1392,633,1215]" captionText="TABLE 4: Synonyms Exilaria fasciculata according to Kützing (1833, 1834a); in Kützing 1834b [1833] only the two Greville publications are noted (marked here with a *)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7EC77DF2FFDB2346FF73FDF9FD413F48" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" tableUuid="7EC77DF2FFDB2346FF73FDF9FD413F48">Table 4</tableCitation>
). In addition, he offered an additional sub-taxon (with no specified rank) with the name “β 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FD9AFE87FCDE3C4C" box="[609,846,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Frustulis longioribus</emphasis>
” itself with two synonyms (
<tableCitation id="673A18C1FFDB2346FB71FE87FB723C4C" box="[1162,1250,338,364]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="12.[136,224,556,580]" captionTargetBox="[147,1392,633,1215]" captionText="TABLE 4: Synonyms Exilaria fasciculata according to Kützing (1833, 1834a); in Kützing 1834b [1833] only the two Greville publications are noted (marked here with a *)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7EC77DF2FFDB2346FF73FDF9FD413F48" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" tableUuid="7EC77DF2FFDB2346FF73FDF9FD413F48">Table 4</tableCitation>
). Inspection of all the specimens related to these names is beyond the scope of this paper but potential synonym to one side, the name 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FF73FE4FFEC13C94" authorityName=", Kutzing" authorityYear="1844" box="[136,337,410,436]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF73FE4FFEC13C94" box="[136,337,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Synedra saxonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be interpreted as the given valid name for 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FC94FE4FFAC03C94" authority="sensu Kutzing (1834 b" authorityName="sensu Kutzing" authorityYear="1834" box="[879,1360,410,437]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FC94FE4FFBDE3C94" box="[879,1102,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria fasciculata</emphasis>
sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FB65FE4FFAC03C94" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1182,1360,410,436]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14893" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 b [1833]) Algarum Aquae Dulcis Germanicarum. Decas VIII. Collegit Fridericus Traugott Kutzing, Societ. Bot. Ratisbon. Sodalis. Halis Saxonum in Commissis C. A. Schwetschkii et Fil., 4 pp." type="book" year="1834">Kützing (1834b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FA9BFE4FFA303C94" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1376,1440,410,436]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">1833</bibRefCitation>
]: Dec. VIII, no. 74). The locality details given for 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FD48FE6BFCEB3CF8" authorityName=", Kutzing" authorityYear="1844" box="[691,891,446,472]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FD48FE6BFCEB3CF8" box="[691,891,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Synedra saxonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FC5BFE6BFBDD3CF8" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[928,1101,446,472]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14943" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1844) Die kieselschaligen Bacillarien oder Diatomeen. W. Kohne, Nordhausen. 152 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 64360" type="book" year="1844">Kützing (1844)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FB7DFE6BFF723CDC" authority="sensu Kutzing" authorityName="sensu Kutzing" authorityYear="1834" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FB7DFE6BFAF53CF8" box="[1158,1381,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria fasciculata</emphasis>
sensu Kützing
</taxonomicName>
are (almost) identical and one might conclude they are based on the same material.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7EC77DF2FFDB2346FF73FDF9FD413F48" ID-Table-UUID="7EC77DF2FFDB2346FF73FDF9FD413F48" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/7EC77DF2FFDB2346FF73FDF9FD413F48" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" startId="12.[136,224,556,580]" targetBox="[147,1392,633,1215]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="12" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDB2346FF73FDF9FD413F48" blockId="12.[136,1451,556,616]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF73FDF9FE913F64" bold="true" box="[136,257,556,580]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">TABLE 4:</emphasis>
Synonyms 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FE7DFDF9FDCC3F64" authorityName="sensu Kutzing" authorityYear="1834" box="[390,604,556,580]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FE7DFDF9FDCC3F64" box="[390,604,556,580]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria fasciculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FD03FDF9FC093F64" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[760,921,556,580]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">Kützing (1833</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FC5CFDF9FC7C3F64" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[935,1004,556,580]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14861" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 a) Synopsis Diatomearum oder, Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Halle: Schwetschke, 92 pp., VII pls." type="book" year="1834">1834a</bibRefCitation>
); in 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FBDAFDF9FB543F64" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1057,1220,556,580]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14893" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 b [1833]) Algarum Aquae Dulcis Germanicarum. Decas VIII. Collegit Fridericus Traugott Kutzing, Societ. Bot. Ratisbon. Sodalis. Halis Saxonum in Commissis C. A. Schwetschkii et Fil., 4 pp." type="book" year="1834">Kützing 1834b</bibRefCitation>
[
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FB2EFDF9FA9F3F64" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1237,1295,556,580]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">1833</bibRefCitation>
] only the two Greville publications are noted (marked here with a *).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDB2346FF68FDACFA8E399E" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<table id="58B8DFDAFFDBDCB5FF68FDACFAE0399F" box="[147,1392,633,1215]" gridcols="5" gridrows="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<tr id="94882F38FFDBDCB5FF68FDACFAE03F96" box="[147,1392,633,694]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<th id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FF68FDACFEF83F96" box="[147,360,633,694]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF68FDACFEC13FAE" box="[147,337,633,654]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria fasciculata</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FE6EFDACFE633F96" box="[405,499,633,694]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Grev. Kütz.</th>
<th id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FDD4FDACFC633F96" box="[559,1011,633,694]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FDD4FDACFDEB3FAE" authority="Grev. Scottish" authorityName="Grev. Scottish" box="[559,635,633,654]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FDACFDEB3FAE" box="[559,635,633,654]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scottish</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FD7AFDAFFCBE3FAE" box="[641,814,633,655]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">cryptogamic flora</emphasis>
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FD75FC0C3F96" box="[559,924,672,694]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Algarum aquae dulcis Germanicarum</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FBD2FDACFB423F96" box="[1065,1234,633,694]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">5, pl. 298, fig. 3a [no.74] Dec.VIII</th>
<th id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FB15FDACFAE03F96" box="[1262,1392,633,694]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
1827* 
<date id="5E060BBAFFDB2346FB15FD75FA8E3F96" box="[1262,1310,672,694]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1834-08">1834</date>
b [1833]
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="94882F38FFDBDCB5FF68FD3AFAE03E02" box="[147,1392,751,802]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<th id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FF68FD3AFEF83E02" box="[147,360,751,802]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF68FD3AFECE3E24" box="[147,350,751,772]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Echinella fasciculata</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FE6EFD3AFE633E02" box="[405,499,751,802]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Jürg.</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FDD4FD3AFC633E02" box="[559,1011,751,802]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FDD4FD3AFD563E24" authority="Jurg. Algae Aquatica" authorityName="Jurg. Algae Aquatica" box="[559,710,751,772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Littorinidae" genus="Echinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FD3AFD563E24" box="[559,710,751,772]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Algae Aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FD3DFD3AFD483E24" box="[710,728,751,772]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">…</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FBD2FD3AFB423E02" box="[1065,1234,751,802]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Dec. XI [p. 3, no. 8]</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FB15FD3AFAE03E02" box="[1262,1392,751,802]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1822</td>
</tr>
<tr id="94882F38FFDBDCB5FF68FCE1FAE03E46" box="[147,1392,820,870]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FE6EFCE1FE633E46" box="[405,499,820,870]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Grev.</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FDD4FCE1FC633E46" box="[559,1011,820,870]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FCE1FCBE3E69" box="[559,814,820,841]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Scottish cryptogamic flora</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FBD2FCE1FB423E46" box="[1065,1234,820,870]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1, pl. 16, figs 1—3</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FB15FCE1FAE03E46" box="[1262,1392,820,870]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1823*</td>
</tr>
<tr id="94882F38FFDBDCB5FF68FCADFAE03E8B" box="[147,1392,888,939]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FE6EFCADFE633E8B" box="[405,499,888,939]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Hornem.</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FDD4FCADFC633E8B" box="[559,1011,888,939]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FCACFC7B3EAE" box="[559,1003,888,910]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Icones plantarum sponte nascentium in Regno</emphasis>
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FC43FDE63E8B" box="[559,630,918,939]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Daniae</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FD78FC43FD4C3E8B" box="[643,732,918,939]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fl. Dan.)</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FBD2FCADFB423E8B" box="[1065,1234,888,939]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tab. 1957, fig. 3?</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FB15FCADFAE03E8B" box="[1262,1392,888,939]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1810</td>
</tr>
<tr id="94882F38FFDBDCB5FF68FC31FAE03EDA" box="[147,1392,996,1018]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<th id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FF68FC31FEF83EDA" box="[147,360,996,1018]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF68FC30FEF83ED9" box="[147,360,996,1018]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diatoma fasciculatum</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FE6EFC31FE633EDA" box="[405,499,996,1018]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C.Agardh</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FDD4FC31FC633EDA" box="[559,1011,996,1018]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FDD4FC30FC033EDA" authority="C. Agardh Conspectus Criticus Diatomacearum" authorityName="C. Agardh Conspectus Criticus Diatomacearum" box="[559,915,997,1018]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Diatoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculatum">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FC30FC033EDA" box="[559,915,997,1018]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Conspectus Criticus Diatomacearum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FBD2FC31FB423EDA" box="[1065,1234,996,1018]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">p. 51</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FB15FC31FAE03EDA" box="[1262,1392,996,1018]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1832</td>
</tr>
<tr id="94882F38FFDBDCB5FF68FB8FFAE0399F" box="[147,1392,1114,1215]" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<th id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FF68FB8FFEF8399F" box="[147,360,1114,1215]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF68FB57FEC439B7" box="[147,340,1154,1175]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Frustulia parasitica</emphasis>
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF68FB7FFEF0399F" box="[147,352,1194,1215]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Diatoma parasiticum</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FE6EFB8FFE63399F" box="[405,499,1114,1215]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C.Agardh C.Agardh</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FDD4FB8FFC63399F" box="[559,1011,1114,1215]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FDBAFB8FFD6F394F" box="[577,767,1114,1135]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDBAFB8FFD6F394F" box="[577,767,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria fasciculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
“β 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FCE7FB8FFC78394F" box="[796,1000,1114,1135]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Frustulis longioribus</emphasis>
” 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FDD4FB57FD1939B7" authority="C. Agardh Syst. Alg." authorityName="C. Agardh Syst. Alg." box="[559,649,1154,1175]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Amphipleuraceae" genus="Frustulia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Naviculales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="parasitica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FB57FD1939B7" box="[559,649,1154,1175]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Syst. Alg.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FDD4FB7CFD13399E" authority="C. Agardh Algarum" authorityName="C. Agardh Algarum" box="[559,643,1193,1214]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Diatoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parasiticum">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDD4FB7CFD13399E" box="[559,643,1193,1214]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Algarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FD72FB7FFC0C399E" box="[649,924,1193,1215]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">aquae dulcis Germanicarum</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FBD2FB8FFB42399F" box="[1065,1234,1114,1215]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">p. 2 p. 50</td>
<td id="D7594644FFDBDCB5FB15FB8FFAE0399F" box="[1262,1392,1114,1215]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">1824 1832</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDB2346FF46FB3AFAB83B6D" blockId="12.[136,1452,1263,1721]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Kützing wrote “Diese Art ist sehr häufig verbreitet, in süssen und salzigen Gewässern an Conferven, auch fand ich sie an 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FF0CFAC6FE26380D" authorityName="C.Agardh" authorityYear="1827" box="[247,438,1299,1325]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Melosiraceae" genus="Melosira" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Melosirales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="varians">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF0CFAC6FE26380D" box="[247,438,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Melosira varians</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
und 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FE16FAC6FDF5380D" box="[493,613,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">orichalcea</emphasis>
und sogar an den Frustulen der 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FC33FAC6FB32380D" authorityName="Kützing" authorityYear="1833" box="[968,1186,1299,1325]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="crystallina">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FC33FAC6FB32380D" box="[968,1186,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria crystallina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in der Soole bei Artern, aus der Ostsee erhielt ich sie von Herrn Lieutenant v. Suhr und Herrn Pastor Frölich” (
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FB91FAE2FAD33872" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[1130,1347,1335,1362]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="529 - 620" refId="ref14818" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1833) Synopsis Diatomacearum oder Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Linnaea 8 (5): 529 - 620. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 99422]" type="journal article" year="1833">Kützing 1833: 561</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FAAAFAE2FF6B3855" author="Kutzing, F. T." pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14861" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1834 a) Synopsis Diatomearum oder, Versuch einer systematischen Zusammenstellung der Diatomeen. Halle: Schwetschke, 92 pp., VII pls." type="book" year="1834">Kützing 1834a: 33</bibRefCitation>
). The reference to Lieutenant v. Suhr (Johannes Nicolaus von Suhr, 1792–1847) implies that Kützing may have been referring to the specimens later named 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FD4DFAAAFCE338B9" box="[694,883,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
‘ 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FD41FAAAFC8B38B9" box="[698,795,1407,1433]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">Exilaria</taxonomicName>
notata’
</emphasis>
Suhr (in 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FC26FAAAFB3338B9" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[989,1187,1407,1433]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14981" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1849) Species Algarum. F. A. Brockhaus, Lipsiae. 922 pp." type="book" year="1849">Kützing 1849: 47</bibRefCitation>
, 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FB54FA55FA8F38B9" box="[1199,1311,1407,1433]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">nom. nud.</emphasis>
). This name (‘designation’) was invalidly published as it was placed directly into synonymy with 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FBBDFA76FF5638C1" authority="(C. Agardh) Kutz." authorityName="Kutz." baseAuthorityName="C. Agardh" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FBBDFA76FAB4389D" box="[1094,1316,1443,1469]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Synedra fasciculata</emphasis>
(C.Agardh) Kütz.
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FF0BFA12FE5038C1" author="Kutzing, F. T." box="[240,448,1479,1505]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref14981" refString="Kutzing, F. T. (1849) Species Algarum. F. A. Brockhaus, Lipsiae. 922 pp." type="book" year="1849">Kützing (1849: 47</bibRefCitation>
, “ 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FE2DFA12FC9438C1" authority="Suhr Herb." authorityName="Suhr Herb." box="[470,772,1479,1505]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="notata">
Exilaria notata 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FD7FFA12FD2938C1" box="[644,697,1479,1505]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Suhr</emphasis>
Herb.
</taxonomicName>
”; In Prep.; Baltic Sea [‘mer Baltique’], BM 18319, ‘Kützing 1166’). The name ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FE9AFA3EFD9D3B25" box="[353,525,1515,1541]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="notata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FE9AFA3EFD9D3B25" box="[353,525,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria notata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ occurs only rarely in synonymy lists and is most likely derived from the entry in 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FF73F9DAFEF53B09" author="De Toni, G. B." box="[136,357,1551,1577]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="491 - 817" refId="ref13543" refString="De Toni, G. B. (1892) Sylloge algarum omnium hucusque cognitarum. Vol. II. Bacillarieae; sectio II. Pseudoraphideae. Typis Seminarrii, Patavii, pp. 491 - 817. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10544" type="book chapter" year="1892">de Toni (1892: 662</bibRefCitation>
, e.g. 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FE59F9DAFDE83B09" author="Hustedt, F." box="[418,632,1551,1577]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 176" refId="ref14262" refString="Hustedt, F. (1931) Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Osterreichs und der Schweiz unter Berucksichtigung der ubrigen Lander Europas sowie der angrenzenden Meeresgebiete. In: Rabenhorst, L. (Ed.) Kryptogamen Flora von Deutschland, Osterreich und der Schweiz. Vol. 7 (2, 1). Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft m. b. h. Leipzig, pp. 1 - 176." type="book chapter" year="1931">Hustedt 1931: 218</bibRefCitation>
). It is unlikely anyone has studied Kützing’s “ 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FB7CF9DAFAFC3B09" authority="Suhr" authorityName="Suhr" box="[1159,1388,1551,1577]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="notata">
Exilaria notata 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FACCF9DAFAFC3B09" box="[1335,1388,1551,1577]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Suhr</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”: the specimens are actually of a species of 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FDCFF9E6FB9F3B6D" authority="(Kutz.) D. M. Williams &amp; Round" authorityName="D. M. Williams &amp; Round" baseAuthorityName="Kutz." box="[564,1039,1587,1613]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Tabularia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FDCFF9E6FD313B6D" box="[564,673,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Tabularia</emphasis>
(Kütz.) D.M.Williams &amp; Round
</taxonomicName>
see Williams pers. obs.).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDB2346FF46F982FAF43B51" blockId="12.[136,1452,1263,1721]" box="[189,1380,1623,1649]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
No material has yet been identified as original specimens of ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FC96F982FB5C3B51" authority="β Frustulis" authorityName="Frustulis" box="[877,1228,1623,1649]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Licmophoraceae" genus="Exilaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Licmophorales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FC96F982FBDB3B51" box="[877,1099,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Exilaria fasciculata</emphasis>
β 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FB9CF982FB5C3B51" box="[1127,1228,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Frustulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FB28F982FAC43B51" box="[1235,1364,1623,1649]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">longioribus</emphasis>
’.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A072D7AFFDB2346FF46F9AEFE233B99" blockId="12.[136,1452,1263,1721]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="EDB856F9FFDB2346FF46F9AEFD743BB5" authority="(Kutz.) Grunow" authorityName="Grunow" baseAuthorityName="Kutz." box="[189,740,1659,1685]" class="Bacillariophyceae" family="Fragilariaceae" genus="Synedra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fragilariales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="variety" species="pulchella" variety="saxonica">
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FF46F9AEFE1A3BB5" box="[189,394,1659,1685]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Synedra pulchella</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="18CCF168FFDB2346FE3FF9A9FDB83BB5" box="[452,552,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">saxonica</emphasis>
(Kütz.) Grunow
</taxonomicName>
(in 
<bibRefCitation id="4E29508BFFDB2346FCE8F9AEFC4E3BB5" author="Van Heurck, H." box="[787,990,1659,1685]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="31 - 77" refId="ref16709" refString="Van Heurck, H. (1881) Synopsis des Diatomees de Belgique. Atlas. Ducaju &amp; Cie., Anvers, pls 31 - 77. [https: // gallica. bnf. fr / ark: / 12148 / bpt 6 k 62251160. texteImage]" type="book chapter" year="1881">Van Heurck 1881</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 41, fig. 3) is based on material from “Salzsee” (‘Kützing 166’).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>