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<document id="DE1B86CCA364B19FE4A2373BCB3F57C3" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182603" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5d95a7c8-6bcf-4fbc-93ff-646498a5a96d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182603" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459871429437" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mondaca, José &amp; Smith, Andrew B. T." docDate="2008" docId="5F60A91F7438762E3DD8FB63FA0973EE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01794p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1794" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Bolborhinum Boucomont 1911" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="A359D167743C76273D4FFFD6FF92710C" masterDocTitle="A revision of the southern South American genus Bolborhinum Boucomont (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1698226675509" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="8D3F9573BBF8F15E15107F0B46B743DE">A revision of the southern South American genus Bolborhinum Boucomont (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae)</mods:title>
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Genus 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743876233DA1FB63FDFD75C3" authority="Boucomont, 1911" authorityName="Boucomont" authorityYear="1911" box="[238,623,1205,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743876233DA1FB63FE0375C3" bold="true" box="[238,401,1205,1231]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743876233CD7FB63FDFD75C3" author="Boucomont" box="[408,623,1205,1231]" pageId="4" pageNumber="22" refString="Boucomont, A. (1911) Contribution a la classification des Geotrypidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 79, 333 - 350. [Dated 1910]." type="journal article" year="1911">Boucomont, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743876233DD8FB0EFE3875FE" blockId="4.[151,623,1205,1266]" box="[151,426,1240,1266]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
(
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743876233DD0FB0EFE8D75FE" box="[159,287,1240,1266]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-10="FIGURE 13" captionStart-11="FIGURE 14" captionStart-12="FIGURE 15" captionStart-13="FIGURE 18" captionStart-14="FIGURE 22" captionStart-15="FIGURE 23" captionStart-16="FIGURE 25" captionStart-17="FIGURE 30" captionStart-18="FIGURE 33" captionStart-19="FIGURE 34" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-20="FIGURE 37" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStart-4="FIGURE 7" captionStart-5="FIGURE 8" captionStart-6="FIGURE 9" captionStart-7="FIGURE 10" captionStart-8="FIGURE 11" captionStart-9="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="23.[151,255,1863,1887]" captionStartId-1="24.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-10="28.[151,255,1349,1373]" captionStartId-11="28.[151,255,1381,1405]" captionStartId-12="29.[151,255,1724,1748]" captionStartId-13="29.[151,255,1820,1844]" captionStartId-14="31.[151,255,1085,1109]" captionStartId-15="31.[151,255,1117,1141]" captionStartId-16="31.[151,255,1999,2023]" captionStartId-17="33.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-18="33.[151,255,1974,1998]" captionStartId-19="34.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-2="24.[151,255,1910,1934]" captionStartId-20="34.[151,255,1974,1998]" captionStartId-3="24.[151,255,1942,1966]" captionStartId-4="25.[151,255,1394,1418]" captionStartId-5="25.[151,255,1426,1450]" captionStartId-6="26.[151,255,1223,1247]" captionStartId-7="26.[151,255,1255,1279]" captionStartId-8="27.[151,255,1362,1386]" captionStartId-9="27.[151,255,1394,1418]" captionTargetBox-0="[275,1298,217,1836]" captionTargetBox-12="[281,1323,208,1691]" captionTargetBox-16="[264,1322,1189,1976]" captionTargetBox-17="[264,1322,209,1819]" captionTargetBox-19="[285,1318,211,1842]" captionTargetBox-5="[282,1296,224,1286]" captionTargetId-0="figure@23.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-12="figure@29.[264,1323,194,1702]" captionTargetId-16="figure@31.[264,1323,1167,1976]" captionTargetId-17="figure@33.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-19="figure@34.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-5="figure@25.[264,1323,194,1340]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-12="29" captionTargetPageId-16="31" captionTargetPageId-17="33" captionTargetPageId-19="34" captionTargetPageId-5="25" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in lateral view. FIGURE 2. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in lateral view. FIGURE 3. Bolborhinum laesicolle in lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Bolborhinum nasutum male in lateral view." captionText-10="FIGURE 13. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in lateral view." captionText-11="FIGURE 14. Bolborhinum tubericeps female in lateral view." captionText-12="FIGURE 15. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in dorsal view. FIGURE 16. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in dorsal view. FIGURE 17. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." captionText-13="FIGURE 18. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." captionText-14="FIGURE 22. Bolborhinum nasutum male in dorsal view." captionText-15="FIGURE 23. Bolborhinum nasutum female in dorsal view." captionText-16="FIGURE 25. Bolborhinum seai male (holotype) head." captionText-17="FIGURE 30. Bolborhinum tricorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 31. Bolborhinum tricorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 32. Bolborhinum tricorne male head." captionText-18="FIGURE 33. Bolborhinum tricorne female head." captionText-19="FIGURE 34. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 35. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 36. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in dorsal view." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Bolborhinum nasutum female in lateral view." captionText-20="FIGURE 37. Bolborhinum tubericeps female in dorsal view." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. Bolborhinum seai male (holotype) in lateral view." captionText-4="FIGURE 7. Bolborhinum shajovskoyi male in lateral view." captionText-5="FIGURE 8. Bolborhinum shajovskoyi female in lateral view." captionText-6="FIGURE 9. Bolborhinum tricorne male in lateral view." captionText-7="FIGURE 10. Bolborhinum tricorne female in lateral view." captionText-8="FIGURE 11. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne male in lateral view." captionText-9="FIGURE 12. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne female in lateral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/182604/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/182606/files/figure.png" httpUri-16="https://zenodo.org/record/182607/files/figure.png" httpUri-17="https://zenodo.org/record/182608/files/figure.png" httpUri-19="https://zenodo.org/record/182609/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/182605/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 1–37</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743876233C64FB0EFED975FE" box="[299,331,1240,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="38.[151,255,1052,1076]" captionText="FIGURE 47. Bolborhinum antennal club. FIGURE 48. Zefevazia antennal club." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">47</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743876233C18FB0EFEE575FE" box="[343,375,1240,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="38.[151,255,1761,1785]" captionText="FIGURE 50. Bolborhinum scutellum. FIGURE 51. Pereirabolbus scutellum. FIGURE 52. Zefevazia scutellum." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">50</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743876233CCCFB0EFE3375FE" box="[387,417,1240,1266]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="39.[151,255,1059,1083]" captionText="FIGURE 53. Bolborhinum male genitalia. FIGURE 54. Pereirabolbus male genitalia. FIGURE 55. Zefevazia male genitalia." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">53</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D7761809743876233DD8FACBFD397458" blockId="4.[151,1436,1309,1364]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
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<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743876233DD8FACBFDBA7438" authority="Boucomont, 1911: 339" authorityName="Boucomont" authorityPageNumber="339" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,552,1309,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743876233DD8FACBFEB17438" box="[151,291,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="56683E18743876233C62FACBFDBA7438" author="Boucomont" box="[301,552,1309,1332]" page="339" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" year="1911">
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743876233C62FACBFE617438" author="Boucomont" box="[301,499,1309,1332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="22" refString="Boucomont, A. (1911) Contribution a la classification des Geotrypidae. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 79, 333 - 350. [Dated 1910]." type="journal article" year="1911">Boucomont, 1911</bibRefCitation>
: 339
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</taxonomicName>
(as a subgenus of 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743876233E4FFACBFCEB7438" box="[768,889,1309,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743876233E4FFACBFCEB7438" box="[768,889,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bolboceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). 
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB743876233EDCFACBFC5A7438" box="[915,968,1309,1332]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Type</typeStatus>
species: 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A74387623397EFACBFF6E7458" authority="Fairmaire, 1861" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1861" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubericeps">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B74387623397EFACBFAB17438" box="[1073,1315,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Bolboceras tubericeps</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743876233862FACBFF6E7458" author="Fairmaire" pageId="4" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. and Germain, P. (1861) Coleoptera Chilensia, part 2. Felix Malteste, Paris. 8 pp." type="book" year="1861">Fairmaire, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by original designation. Gender: neuter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D7761809743876223DD8FAACFE62757E" blockId="4.[151,1437,1402,2028]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743876233DD8FAACFEBD7498" bold="true" box="[151,303,1402,1428]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743876233C78FAADFEEA7498" box="[311,376,1403,1428]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Form</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743876233CC6FAACFD9E7498" box="[393,524,1402,1428]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-10="FIGURE 13" captionStart-11="FIGURE 14" captionStart-12="FIGURE 15" captionStart-13="FIGURE 18" captionStart-14="FIGURE 22" captionStart-15="FIGURE 23" captionStart-16="FIGURE 25" captionStart-17="FIGURE 30" captionStart-18="FIGURE 33" captionStart-19="FIGURE 34" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-20="FIGURE 37" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStart-4="FIGURE 7" captionStart-5="FIGURE 8" captionStart-6="FIGURE 9" captionStart-7="FIGURE 10" captionStart-8="FIGURE 11" captionStart-9="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="23.[151,255,1863,1887]" captionStartId-1="24.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-10="28.[151,255,1349,1373]" captionStartId-11="28.[151,255,1381,1405]" captionStartId-12="29.[151,255,1724,1748]" captionStartId-13="29.[151,255,1820,1844]" captionStartId-14="31.[151,255,1085,1109]" captionStartId-15="31.[151,255,1117,1141]" captionStartId-16="31.[151,255,1999,2023]" captionStartId-17="33.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-18="33.[151,255,1974,1998]" captionStartId-19="34.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-2="24.[151,255,1910,1934]" captionStartId-20="34.[151,255,1974,1998]" captionStartId-3="24.[151,255,1942,1966]" captionStartId-4="25.[151,255,1394,1418]" captionStartId-5="25.[151,255,1426,1450]" captionStartId-6="26.[151,255,1223,1247]" captionStartId-7="26.[151,255,1255,1279]" captionStartId-8="27.[151,255,1362,1386]" captionStartId-9="27.[151,255,1394,1418]" captionTargetBox-0="[275,1298,217,1836]" captionTargetBox-12="[281,1323,208,1691]" captionTargetBox-16="[264,1322,1189,1976]" captionTargetBox-17="[264,1322,209,1819]" captionTargetBox-19="[285,1318,211,1842]" captionTargetBox-5="[282,1296,224,1286]" captionTargetId-0="figure@23.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-12="figure@29.[264,1323,194,1702]" captionTargetId-16="figure@31.[264,1323,1167,1976]" captionTargetId-17="figure@33.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-19="figure@34.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-5="figure@25.[264,1323,194,1340]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-12="29" captionTargetPageId-16="31" captionTargetPageId-17="33" captionTargetPageId-19="34" captionTargetPageId-5="25" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in lateral view. FIGURE 2. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in lateral view. FIGURE 3. Bolborhinum laesicolle in lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Bolborhinum nasutum male in lateral view." captionText-10="FIGURE 13. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in lateral view." captionText-11="FIGURE 14. Bolborhinum tubericeps female in lateral view." captionText-12="FIGURE 15. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in dorsal view. FIGURE 16. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in dorsal view. FIGURE 17. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." captionText-13="FIGURE 18. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." captionText-14="FIGURE 22. Bolborhinum nasutum male in dorsal view." captionText-15="FIGURE 23. Bolborhinum nasutum female in dorsal view." captionText-16="FIGURE 25. Bolborhinum seai male (holotype) head." captionText-17="FIGURE 30. Bolborhinum tricorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 31. Bolborhinum tricorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 32. Bolborhinum tricorne male head." captionText-18="FIGURE 33. Bolborhinum tricorne female head." captionText-19="FIGURE 34. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 35. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 36. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in dorsal view." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Bolborhinum nasutum female in lateral view." captionText-20="FIGURE 37. Bolborhinum tubericeps female in dorsal view." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. Bolborhinum seai male (holotype) in lateral view." captionText-4="FIGURE 7. Bolborhinum shajovskoyi male in lateral view." captionText-5="FIGURE 8. Bolborhinum shajovskoyi female in lateral view." captionText-6="FIGURE 9. Bolborhinum tricorne male in lateral view." captionText-7="FIGURE 10. Bolborhinum tricorne female in lateral view." captionText-8="FIGURE 11. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne male in lateral view." captionText-9="FIGURE 12. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne female in lateral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/182604/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/182606/files/figure.png" httpUri-16="https://zenodo.org/record/182607/files/figure.png" httpUri-17="https://zenodo.org/record/182608/files/figure.png" httpUri-19="https://zenodo.org/record/182609/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/182605/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 1–37</figureCitation>
): Color usually reddish-brown to black, the lighter brown coloration of some specimens is likely the incomplete sclerotization of newly emerged adults (teneral coloration); body spherical, strongly convex. Size moderate (length 7.5–22.0 mm; width 4.0–10.0 mm). 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743876233968FA1DFBF574E8" box="[1063,1127,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Head</emphasis>
in male: Subtriangular or trapezoidal, longer than wide. Mandible with outer margin rounded, weakly sinuate or almost straight, anteriorly with apex acute, curved inwards. Labrum with apex variably emarginated; dorsal surface rugose or rugopunctate. Clypeus and frons with variable ornamentation (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743876233E00F994FC427750" box="[847,976,1602,1628]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-10="FIGURE 13" captionStart-11="FIGURE 14" captionStart-12="FIGURE 15" captionStart-13="FIGURE 18" captionStart-14="FIGURE 22" captionStart-15="FIGURE 23" captionStart-16="FIGURE 25" captionStart-17="FIGURE 30" captionStart-18="FIGURE 33" captionStart-19="FIGURE 34" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-20="FIGURE 37" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStart-4="FIGURE 7" captionStart-5="FIGURE 8" captionStart-6="FIGURE 9" captionStart-7="FIGURE 10" captionStart-8="FIGURE 11" captionStart-9="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="23.[151,255,1863,1887]" captionStartId-1="24.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-10="28.[151,255,1349,1373]" captionStartId-11="28.[151,255,1381,1405]" captionStartId-12="29.[151,255,1724,1748]" captionStartId-13="29.[151,255,1820,1844]" captionStartId-14="31.[151,255,1085,1109]" captionStartId-15="31.[151,255,1117,1141]" captionStartId-16="31.[151,255,1999,2023]" captionStartId-17="33.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-18="33.[151,255,1974,1998]" captionStartId-19="34.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionStartId-2="24.[151,255,1910,1934]" captionStartId-20="34.[151,255,1974,1998]" captionStartId-3="24.[151,255,1942,1966]" captionStartId-4="25.[151,255,1394,1418]" captionStartId-5="25.[151,255,1426,1450]" captionStartId-6="26.[151,255,1223,1247]" captionStartId-7="26.[151,255,1255,1279]" captionStartId-8="27.[151,255,1362,1386]" captionStartId-9="27.[151,255,1394,1418]" captionTargetBox-0="[275,1298,217,1836]" captionTargetBox-12="[281,1323,208,1691]" captionTargetBox-16="[264,1322,1189,1976]" captionTargetBox-17="[264,1322,209,1819]" captionTargetBox-19="[285,1318,211,1842]" captionTargetBox-5="[282,1296,224,1286]" captionTargetId-0="figure@23.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-12="figure@29.[264,1323,194,1702]" captionTargetId-16="figure@31.[264,1323,1167,1976]" captionTargetId-17="figure@33.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-19="figure@34.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetId-5="figure@25.[264,1323,194,1340]" captionTargetPageId-0="23" captionTargetPageId-12="29" captionTargetPageId-16="31" captionTargetPageId-17="33" captionTargetPageId-19="34" captionTargetPageId-5="25" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in lateral view. FIGURE 2. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in lateral view. FIGURE 3. Bolborhinum laesicolle in lateral view." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Bolborhinum nasutum male in lateral view." captionText-10="FIGURE 13. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in lateral view." captionText-11="FIGURE 14. Bolborhinum tubericeps female in lateral view." captionText-12="FIGURE 15. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in dorsal view. FIGURE 16. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in dorsal view. FIGURE 17. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." captionText-13="FIGURE 18. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." captionText-14="FIGURE 22. Bolborhinum nasutum male in dorsal view." captionText-15="FIGURE 23. Bolborhinum nasutum female in dorsal view." captionText-16="FIGURE 25. Bolborhinum seai male (holotype) head." captionText-17="FIGURE 30. Bolborhinum tricorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 31. Bolborhinum tricorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 32. Bolborhinum tricorne male head." captionText-18="FIGURE 33. Bolborhinum tricorne female head." captionText-19="FIGURE 34. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 35. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 36. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in dorsal view." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Bolborhinum nasutum female in lateral view." captionText-20="FIGURE 37. Bolborhinum tubericeps female in dorsal view." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. Bolborhinum seai male (holotype) in lateral view." captionText-4="FIGURE 7. Bolborhinum shajovskoyi male in lateral view." captionText-5="FIGURE 8. Bolborhinum shajovskoyi female in lateral view." captionText-6="FIGURE 9. Bolborhinum tricorne male in lateral view." captionText-7="FIGURE 10. Bolborhinum tricorne female in lateral view." captionText-8="FIGURE 11. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne male in lateral view." captionText-9="FIGURE 12. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne female in lateral view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/182604/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/182606/files/figure.png" httpUri-16="https://zenodo.org/record/182607/files/figure.png" httpUri-17="https://zenodo.org/record/182608/files/figure.png" httpUri-19="https://zenodo.org/record/182609/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/182605/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 1–37</figureCitation>
). Some species have cephalic armature that is either comprised of 1 horn at midline of clypeal apex or of 2 horns. In the case of 2 cephalic horns, 1 is at the midline of clypeal apex and the other horn (depending on the species) is either located on the clypeus immediately behind the first or further back at the frontoclypeal margin or between the eyes. Another 
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB743876233806F96CFAE977D8" box="[1353,1403,1722,1748]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
of armature consists of a large anteriorly directed clypeal horn and 2 large horns that originate in the ocular margin. In some cases, the cephalic armature either consists of 1 anteriorly directed clypeal horn and 4–5 small horns situated behind the clypeal horn in different places on the head or with a prominent trapezoidal frontal tubercle formed by 4 tubercles joined laterally by a longitudinal carina. Frons impunctate to sparsely punctate, finely rugose. Vertex dorsally smooth, only with micropunctures, flat or depressed. Antenna with 11 antennomeres; antennomere 1 shorter than 2–8 combined. Antennal club ovoid, with 3 antennomeres (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7438762339BEF87CFAD876C8" box="[1265,1354,1962,1988]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="38.[151,255,1052,1076]" captionText="FIGURE 47. Bolborhinum antennal club. FIGURE 48. Zefevazia antennal club." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
); outer antennomere usually more convex than the inner antennomere; dorsal surface completely setose; basal antennomere weakly convex, often nearly flat; dorsal surface partially setose on outer distal margin. Eyes partially divided by canthus; eye canthus with outer lateral margin arcuate or straight, surface generally rugopunctate. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223DD8FF3EFE99700D" box="[151,267,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pronotum</emphasis>
: Sexually dimorphic, males generally with deeper anteromedian excavations. Pronotum transverse, convex, without horns, generally with deep and wide anteromedian excavation (except in 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223981FEC6FADD7025" box="[1230,1359,272,297]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricorne">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223981FEC6FADD7025" box="[1230,1359,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. tricorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); dorsally either with posterior transverse ridge parallel to basal margin (not always present in 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A74397622399AFEEEFAFD705D" box="[1237,1391,312,337]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B74397622399AFEEEFAFD705D" box="[1237,1391,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or with a pair of prominent protuberances in the anterior margin of the pronotum and with the lateral border projected anteriorly (
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223C26FE5EFDBC70AD" box="[361,558,392,417]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trilobulicorne">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223C26FE5EFDBC70AD" box="[361,558,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">B. trilobulicorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Dorsal surface sparsely punctate, sometimes with impressed medial furrow; lateral surface with moderately dense to dense punctation concentrated around the lateral fovea, on the anterior and posterior angles of pronotum, and along lateral margin. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223E9FFE0EFB4170FE" authority="Triangular" authorityName="Triangular" box="[976,1235,472,498]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223E9FFE0EFBDF70FD" box="[976,1101,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Scutellum:</emphasis>
Triangular
</taxonomicName>
, length less than basal width (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743976223C62FDD6FE167316" box="[301,388,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="38.[151,255,1761,1785]" captionText="FIGURE 50. Bolborhinum scutellum. FIGURE 51. Pereirabolbus scutellum. FIGURE 52. Zefevazia scutellum." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
); surface with punctures small, variable in density; lateral margin curving inward at base; basal margin slightly arcuate or straight; apex of 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223FA6FDFEFCC9734E" box="[745,859,552,578]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">scutellum</taxonomicName>
subacute or rounded. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223926FDFEFB58734D" box="[1129,1226,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Elytron:</emphasis>
Convex; anterior margin not upturned; surface with 7 variably impressed striae between suture and humeral umbone; punctures small to moderate, separated by 1 or more puncture diameters; intervals smooth, only with micropunctures; second stria almost reaching elytral base. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223FD8FD76FD7A73B5" box="[663,744,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Ve n t e r:</emphasis>
Surface with setation yellowish-brown or tawny brown, long, moderately dense, partially covering thorax and abdomen; abdominal sternites densely punctate. Prosternum posteriorly with apical tooth, dorsally with median carina. Mesocoxae subcontiguous. Metasternum pyriform, bulbous, convex medially, with median long metasternal carina; dorsally with small, dense punctures, partially covered by moderately dense, long setae; metasternal process anteriorly truncate. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223814FC96FA0E7255" box="[1371,1436,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Legs:</emphasis>
Protibia with 5 to 6 teeth on outer margin; teeth with acute or rounded apex; protibial spur subparallel, straight, acuminate at apex, length equals or exceeds the apex of the second protarsomere. Protarsus with first tarsomere longer than fifth, second to fourth tarsomeres decreasing in length. Mesotibiae and metatibiae robust, variably shaped in lateral view, but always with unlobed subapical carina and with knob-like projections randomly spread over surface above subapical carina. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223E19FBDEFB9E752D" box="[854,1036,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Male genitalia:</emphasis>
Symmetrical, weakly sclerotized; aedeagus small, simple in structure, subparallel-sided; parameres short, basally membranous, with apex narrow distally, obtuse (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743976223CC4FB8EFE71757E" box="[395,483,1112,1138]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="39.[151,255,1059,1083]" captionText="FIGURE 53. Bolborhinum male genitalia. FIGURE 54. Pereirabolbus male genitalia. FIGURE 55. Zefevazia male genitalia." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743976223D89FB56FC4A7436" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Female. As male except in the following respects. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223E54FB56FCC87595" box="[795,858,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Head</emphasis>
: trapezoidal; shorter than in male; dorsally without horns, but with a variably developed tubercle or tubercles on frontoclypeal region or frons; with a pair of short lateral carinae that converge distally. Clypeus truncate and elevated apically, dorsally rugulose. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223805FB06FF51741D" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pronotum</emphasis>
: without anteromedian excavation, only with small concavity or depression located immediately behind of the apical margin of the pronotum. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223F1BFAF6FC8E7435" box="[596,796,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Female genitalia</emphasis>
: not diagnostic.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B82743976223D89FA91FC4B7616" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D7761809743976223D89FA91FC4B7616" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223D89FA91FEAD746D" bold="true" box="[198,319,1351,1377]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. The following characters will separate 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223E59FA9EFC22746D" box="[790,944,1352,1377]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223E59FA9EFC22746D" box="[790,944,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from all other South American Bolboceratini: head in the males with one to five horns of various forms and sizes (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743976223EBDFAA6FBD17486" box="[1010,1091,1392,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="23.[151,255,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[275,1298,217,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in lateral view. FIGURE 2. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in lateral view. FIGURE 3. Bolborhinum laesicolle in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182604/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13); females without horns, only with a small tubercle situated near the frontoclypeal region or on the frons (Figs. 2, 5, 8, 10, 12, 14). Antennal club ovoid (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743976223F7DFA16FD1F74D6" box="[562,653,1472,1498]" captionStart="FIGURE 47" captionStartId="38.[151,255,1052,1076]" captionText="FIGURE 47. Bolborhinum antennal club. FIGURE 48. Zefevazia antennal club." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
). Pronotum in males generally with deep and wide anteromedian excavation, dorsally with basal transverse ridge parallel to basal margin; females with a small concavity or depression located immediately behind the apical margin of the pronotum. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A74397622394DF9C6FBEB7726" box="[1026,1145,1552,1578]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="5" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scutellum</taxonomicName>
triangular. Elytron without basal margin or with weak basal margin, with 7 striae between medial suture and humeral swelling. Prosternal process prominent. Mesocoxae subcontiguous. Metasternum pyriform, bulbous, with median metasternal carina; metasternal process anteriorly truncate, not distinctly convex between mesocoxae. Protibial spur extending to apex of protibia. Mesotibia and metatibia with transverse ridge well separated from the distal apex, not subapical. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223C9AF90EFD1F77FD" box="[469,653,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Male genitalia:</emphasis>
aedeagus small, simple in structure, subparallel-sided; parameres short, basally membranous, with apex narrow distally, obtuse (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743976223E3BF8D6FC5E7616" box="[884,972,1792,1818]" captionStart="FIGURE 53" captionStartId="39.[151,255,1059,1083]" captionText="FIGURE 53. Bolborhinum male genitalia. FIGURE 54. Pereirabolbus male genitalia. FIGURE 55. Zefevazia male genitalia." pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B82743976213D89F8F1FC2670C6" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D7761809743976223D89F8F1FB49769E" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223D89F8F1FECD764D" bold="true" box="[198,351,1831,1857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution</emphasis>
. The species of this genus inhabit semiarid regions, including mixed Andean steppes with 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223DD8F886FE827665" box="[151,272,1872,1897]" class="Pinopsida" family="Araucariaceae" genus="Araucaria" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223DD8F886FE827665" box="[151,272,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Araucaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
trees and the 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223CF1F886FDD77665" box="[446,581,1872,1897]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223CF1F886FDD77665" box="[446,581,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Nothofagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forest habitats of southern South 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743976223EADF886FBD57666" box="[994,1095,1872,1898]" name="United States of America" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">America</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743976223916F886FB427666" box="[1113,1232,1872,1898]" name="Argentina" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Argentina</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743976223840F886FAC17666" box="[1295,1363,1872,1898]" name="Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Chile</collectingCountry>
). 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223826F886FE9B769D" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223826F886FE9B769D" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs from sea level to high altitudes in the Andes Mountains (from 50– 
<quantity id="1031B5EC743976223925F8AEFB5C769E" box="[1130,1230,1912,1938]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" unit="m" value="2.5">2,500 m</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743976213D89F849FC2670C6" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,1378]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223D89F849FE5F76B5" bold="true" box="[198,461,1951,1977]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Taxonomic relations.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223C98F876FDE376B5" box="[471,625,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223C98F876FDE376B5" box="[471,625,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shares many characters with 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223E98F876FA9476B6" authority="Martinez" authorityName="Martinez" box="[983,1286,1952,1978]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Halffterobolbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223E98F876FB0276B5" box="[983,1168,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Halffterobolbus</emphasis>
Martínez
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A74397622385BF876FF5276ED" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Pereirabolbus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B74397622385BF876FF5276ED" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Pereirabolbus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743976223C47F81EFEEA76ED" box="[264,376,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Zefevazia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743976223C47F81EFEEA76ED" box="[264,376,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Zefevazia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; these four genera are obviously closely related. Phylogenetic analyses and taxonomic revisions of the latter three genera are needed before the exact relationships and delimitations can be determined for all four of these Neotropical genera. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213F88FF16FCF371D5" box="[711,865,192,217]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213F88FF16FCF371D5" box="[711,865,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also appears to be closely related to the Australian genus 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213C57FF3EFD3A700E" authority="Boucomont. Both" authorityName="Boucomont. Both" box="[280,680,232,258]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhachium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213C57FF3EFE5C700D" box="[280,462,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhachium</emphasis>
Boucomont. Both
</taxonomicName>
genera share a median anteriorly directed clypeal horn in some species, the outer segment of the antennal club usually more convex than the inner segment, the latter often nearly flat, the pronotum with a posterior transverse ridge, the 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213EEDFEEEFB86705E" box="[930,1044,312,338]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="6" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">scutellum</taxonomicName>
with the lateral margin curving inward, the basal margin often sharply deflected downward, the sutural stria curving inward anteriorly and terminating near the apex of the 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213CB5FE5EFDFD70AE" box="[506,623,392,418]" class="Trilobita" family="Styginidae" genus="Scutellum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Corynexochida" pageId="6" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">scutellum</taxonomicName>
, the prosternum posteriorly with an apical tooth, and the metasternal process often flat and anteriorly truncate (
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743A76213FCFFE66FC3570C6" author="Howden" box="[640,935,432,458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" refString="Howden, H. F. &amp; Cooper, J. B. (1977) The generic classification of the Bolboceratini of the Australian region, with descriptions of four new genera (Scarabaeidae: Geotrupinae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 50, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1977">Howden &amp; Cooper 1977</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B82743A76213D89FE01FF7C746E" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="D7761809743A76213D89FE01FCF273B6" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213D89FE01FEED70FD" bold="true" box="[198,383,471,497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Nomenclature.</emphasis>
The generic names 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213F37FE0EFCDE70FE" authority="Kirby" authorityName="Kirby" box="[632,844,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213F37FE0EFD6F70FD" box="[632,765,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolboceras</emphasis>
Kirby
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213EC3FE0EFB2B70FE" authority="Boucomont" authorityName="Boucomont" box="[908,1209,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213EC3FE0EFBB470FD" box="[908,1062,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
Boucomont
</taxonomicName>
are both neuter in gender. Many species that were described in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213E60FDD6FC277315" box="[815,949,512,537]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213E60FDD6FC277315" box="[815,949,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolboceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
over the past almost two centuries were erroneously given a masculine ending. Since most species currently classified in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A7621398DFDFEFACE734D" box="[1218,1372,552,577]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A7621398DFDFEFACE734D" box="[1218,1372,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were originally described in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213F6BFD86FD3B7365" box="[548,681,592,617]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213F6BFD86FD3B7365" box="[548,681,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolboceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, several specific names need to be emended to agree in gender with 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213D99FDAEFEC9739D" box="[214,347,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213D99FDAEFEC9739D" box="[214,347,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolboceras</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213CD2FDAEFDA5739D" box="[413,567,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213CD2FDAEFDA5739D" box="[413,567,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the genera they were originally and currently combined with. Several examples of this can be seen in the species treatments below.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743A76213D89FD11FF7C746E" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,1378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213D89FD11FE0673ED" bold="true" box="[198,404,711,737]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Natural History.</emphasis>
Little is known of the natural history of 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213E3DFD1EFB9E73ED" box="[882,1036,712,737]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213E3DFD1EFB9E73ED" box="[882,1036,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, and the larvae and pupae have never been described. We hypothesize that the larvae are mycetophagous. This would be congruent with observations made for North American and Australian members of the tribe Bolboceratini (
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743A762139A4FCCEFA05723E" author="Howden" box="[1259,1431,792,818]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" refString="Howden, H. F. (1955) Biology and taxonomy of North American Beetles of the subfamily Geotrupinae with revision of the genera Bolbocerosoma, Eucanthus, Geotrupes and Peltotrupes. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 104, 151 - 319." type="journal article" year="1955">Howden 1955</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743A76213DD8FC96FE2D7256" author="Howden" box="[151,447,832,858]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" refString="Howden, H. F. &amp; Cooper, J. B. (1977) The generic classification of the Bolboceratini of the Australian region, with descriptions of four new genera (Scarabaeidae: Geotrupinae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 50, 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1977">Howden &amp; Cooper 1977</bibRefCitation>
). The adults of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213FBEFC96FC197255" box="[753,907,832,857]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213FBEFC96FC197255" box="[753,907,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appear mainly in early winter (July) and are active until autumn (May). Species of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213F9DFCBEFCFE728D" box="[722,876,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213F9DFCBEFCFE728D" box="[722,876,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
live in the proximity of forests and in clearings surrounded by low shrubs. The adults spend most of the time underground sheltered inside their burrows. At dusk, the males emerge to make circular flights at low height (
<quantity id="1031B5EC743A76213ED1FC6EFB8B72DE" box="[926,1049,952,978]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10–30 cm</quantity>
) above the ground in search of females. Adults are largely nocturnal or crepuscular, and most species are moderately attracted to artificial light, especially to low intensity ultraviolet light (UV) (based on label data and personal observations). Some species of 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213C59FBE6FE227545" box="[278,432,1072,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213C59FBE6FE227545" box="[278,432,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
concentrate many tunnels over a small surface area. They can construct galleries in sandy soil or sometimes can also be found in argillaceous, volcanic, or rocky soil. The adults dig a vertical tunnel of up to 
<quantity id="1031B5EC743A76213C06FB56FEE47596" box="[329,374,1152,1178]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
in depth, and sometimes the tunnel can be sinuous or otherwise not perfectly vertical. Lateral tunnels are constructed at the bottom of the main tunnels, presumably for larval burrows. The depth and direction of the tunnel seems to be influenced both by the 
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB743A76213E1DFB06FC1775E6" box="[850,901,1232,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
of soil and size of the beetle. Externally, the burrows are quite distinctive with small piles of fresh earth that are pushed to the surface and accumulate around the opening. Frequently it is possible to find more than one species of 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A7621397CFAF6FB5F7435" box="[1075,1229,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A7621397CFAF6FB5F7435" box="[1075,1229,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sharing the same habitat.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B82743A762F3DD8FA63FB4971BE" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="key">
<paragraph id="D7761809743A76213DD8FA63FCEF74C3" blockId="6.[151,1437,1461,1602]" box="[151,893,1461,1487]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213DD8FA63FD8274C3" bold="true" box="[151,528,1461,1487]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Key to species of 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213C22FA63FD8274C3" box="[365,528,1461,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213C22FA63FD8274C3" bold="true" box="[365,528,1461,1487]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213F6DFA63FDE074C2" box="[546,626,1461,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seai">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213F6DFA63FDA674C2" box="[546,564,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213F0DFA63FDE074C2" box="[578,626,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">seai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
females are unknown)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743A76213DD8FA0EFE65774E" blockId="6.[151,1437,1461,1602]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Note: females, particularly smaller or worn individuals, are very difficult to identify past couplet 9 of this key. Distribution, association with males, and examination of long series will all increase the chances of positively identifying female specimens.</paragraph>
<key id="A3584F38743A76203DD8F9A4FA0976EE" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743A76213DD8F9A4FA0E7658" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph id="D7761809743A76213DD8F9A4FA0E7608" blockId="6.[151,1436,1650,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743A76213DD8F9A4FA0E7608" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
1 Head dorsomedially with 4 tubercles forming trapezoid (broadest basally) (Figs. 19–20). Clypeal margin reflexed with two tubercles or teeth. Well-developed individuals with longitudinal carinae between head tubercles and sometimes joining the clypeal tubercles. Males and females...................... ............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213EFBF93DFA0E7608" authority="Fairmaire, 1856" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[948,1436,1770,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laesicolle">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213EFBF93DFB547608" box="[948,1222,1771,1796]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum laesicolle</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743A7621399AF93CFA067608" author="Fairmaire" box="[1237,1428,1770,1796]" pageId="6" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. (1856) Coleoptera Chilensia a Germain detecta et a Leon Fairmaire descripta. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2 (8), 483 - 485." type="journal article" year="1856">Fairmaire, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743A76213DD8F8C4FA0E7658" blockId="6.[151,1436,1650,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743A76213DD8F8C4FA0E7658" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">1' Head with prominent horns, with fewer than 4 tubercles, or with tubercles not forming trapezoid dorsomedially..............................................................................................................................................2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743A76203DD8F8B4FA0971D6" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<paragraph id="D7761809743A76213DD8F8B4FA0E76F8" blockId="6.[151,1436,1650,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743A76213DD8F8B4FA0E76F8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
2(1') Head with 5 distinct horns (Figs. 24–25); 1 horn at clypeal apex, 2 clypeal horns on either side of midline towards base of clypeus (not on lateral margin), 2 frontal horns on either side of midline slightly apical to eyes. Known only from northern 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743A76213FA8F864FCCE76C0" box="[743,860,1970,1996]" name="Argentina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Catamarca) ......................................................... ........................................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743A76213EB2F80DFA0E76F8" authority="Martinez, 1951" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1951" box="[1021,1436,2010,2036]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seai">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743A76213EB2F80DFB5C76F8" box="[1021,1230,2011,2036]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Bolborhinum seai</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743A76213992F80CFA0676F8" author="Martinez" box="[1245,1428,2010,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="23" refString="Martinez, A. (1951) Insectos nuevos o poco conocidos VIII. Notas acerca de algunos Bolbocerini argentinos (Col. Scarabaeidae). Revista Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 108 - 120." type="journal article" year="1951">Martínez, 1951</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FF4EFA0971D6" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FF4EFA0971D6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
2' Head with different horn configuration. Known only from central and southern 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743B762039E7FF4EFA8F71BE" box="[1192,1309,152,178]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Mendoza to Río Negro) and 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743B76203C9FFF16FD9D71D6" box="[464,527,192,218]" name="Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Chile</collectingCountry>
.........................................................................................................................3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FF3EFA0E7076" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FF3EFA0E7026" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FF3EFA0E7026" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3(2') Clypeus with distinct horn or horns (horns rarely worn down to look like tubercles, if so, wearing evident); apex of clypeus never with parabolic, blade-like carina. Males..................................................4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FEEEFA0E7076" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FEEEFA0E7076" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
3' Clypeus without horns, with tubercles and carinae; apex of clypeus often with parabolic, blade-like carina (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743B76203C03FEB6FE3C7076" box="[332,430,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="31.[151,255,1117,1141]" captionText="FIGURE 23. Bolborhinum nasutum female in dorsal view." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 23</figureCitation>
, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37). Females..................................................................................9
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FE5EFA0970FE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FE5EFA0E70C6" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FE5EFA0E70C6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
4(3') Head with a single, large clypeal horn (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743B76203F8DFE5EFC8870AE" box="[706,794,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="31.[151,255,1085,1109]" captionText="FIGURE 22. Bolborhinum nasutum male in dorsal view." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
); frontal horn/tubercle absent........................................ .......................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203E6DFE66FA0E70C6" authority="Fairmaire and Germain, 1861" authorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" authorityYear="1861" box="[802,1436,432,458]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203E6DFE66FBB470C5" box="[802,1062,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum nasutum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B7620397AFE66FA0670C6" author="Fairmaire" box="[1077,1428,432,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. and Germain, P. (1861) Coleoptera Chilensia, part 2. Felix Malteste, Paris. 8 pp." type="book" year="1861">Fairmaire and Germain, 1861</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FE0EFA0970FE" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[151,1435,472,498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FE0EFA0970FE" box="[151,1435,472,498]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4' Head with multiple horns or tubercles..................................................................................................5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FDD6FA0E739E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FDD6FA0E7366" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FDD6FA0E7366" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
5(4') Head with 1 large apically projecting clypeal horn and 2 large horns originating from supraocular margin (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743B76203C17FDFEFE2E734E" box="[344,444,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,209,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 30. Bolborhinum tricorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 31. Bolborhinum tricorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 32. Bolborhinum tricorne male head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182608/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 30</figureCitation>
, 32). Well-developed individuals with an additional pair of lateral processes on clypeal horn ........................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EBCFD86FA0E7366" authority="Solier, 1851" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1851" box="[1011,1436,592,618]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricorne">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EBCFD86FB667365" box="[1011,1268,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum tricorne</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B7620384DFD86FA067366" author="Solier" box="[1282,1428,592,618]" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Solier, A. J. J. (1851) Orden III. Coleopteros, pp. 5 - 285. In C. Gay (ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Zoologia, vol. 5. C. Gay, Paris. 564 pp." type="book chapter" year="1851">Solier, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FDAEFA0E739E" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[151,1436,632,658]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FDAEFA0E739E" box="[151,1436,632,658]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5' Head without large horns originating from supraocular margin............................................................6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FD76FA097206" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FD76FA0E73EE" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FD76FA0E73EE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
6(5') Head with 4 distinct horns; 3 clypeal horns and 1 frontal horn forming a diamond (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743B762039F4FD76FA8F73B6" box="[1211,1309,672,698]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="28.[151,255,1349,1373]" captionText="FIGURE 13. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in lateral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
, 36); 2 lateral clypeal horns not on margin ........................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EE5FD1EFA0E73EE" authority="Fairmaire, 1856" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[938,1436,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubericeps">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EE5FD1EFB5473ED" box="[938,1222,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum tubericeps</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B7620399AFD1EFA0673EE" author="Fairmaire" box="[1237,1428,712,738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. (1856) Coleoptera Chilensia a Germain detecta et a Leon Fairmaire descripta. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2 (8), 483 - 485." type="journal article" year="1856">Fairmaire, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FD26FA097206" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[151,1435,752,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FD26FA097206" box="[151,1435,752,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">6' Head with less than 4 horns, or with 4 horns but with 2 lateral clypeal horns on margin....................7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FCCEFA097288" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FCCEFA0E7250" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FCCEFA0E7250" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
7(6') Head laterally with distinct blade-like process or horn on margin (Figs. 26, 28) ................................... ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EEBFC94FA0E7250" authority="Martinez, 1952" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1952" box="[932,1436,834,860]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shajovskoyi">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EEBFC94FB5F7257" box="[932,1229,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum shajovskoyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B76203992FC94FA067250" author="Martinez" box="[1245,1428,834,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Martinez, A. (1952) Insectos nuevos o poco conocidos IX. Algunas notas sobre Bolbocerini argentinos y chilenos con descripcion de una especie nueva (Col. Scarab. Geotrupinae). Revista Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 314 - 327." type="journal article" year="1952">Martínez, 1952</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FCBCFA097288" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[151,1435,874,900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FCBCFA097288" box="[151,1435,874,900]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">7' Head without distinct lateral processes or horns, all horns located on or next to midline.....................8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FC44FA097578" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FC44FA0472D8" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FC44FA0472D8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
8(7') Head with two horns, basal horn located between eyes; apex of the clypeal horn trilobed, frontal horn bifurcate (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743B76203C23FC6CFE5072D8" box="[364,450,954,980]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="34.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[285,1318,211,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 34. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 35. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 36. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182609/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
) ......................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EBAFC6CFAAA72DF" box="[1013,1336,954,979]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trilobulicorne" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EBAFC6CFAAA72DF" box="[1013,1336,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum trilobulicorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FE8E7960743B76203872FC6CFA0472D8" box="[1341,1430,954,980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FC34FA097578" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FC34FA097578" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
8' Head with either 1 or 2 horns, neither horn between or near eyes; 1 prominent horn at midline of clypeal apex and either 2 tubercles directly behind it or with a distinct clypeal horn directly behind it (rear clypeal horn sometimes bifurcate) (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743B76203F9DFBE4FCA17540" box="[722,819,1074,1100]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="29.[151,255,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[281,1323,208,1691]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[264,1323,194,1702]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 15. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in dorsal view. FIGURE 16. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in dorsal view. FIGURE 17. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182606/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 15</figureCitation>
, 17, 18) ...................................................................... ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EEDFB8DFA097578" authority="Laporte, 1840" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[930,1435,1114,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EEDFB8DFB4F7578" box="[930,1245,1115,1140]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum geotrupoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B762039A3FB8CFA017578" author="Laporte" box="[1260,1427,1114,1140]" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FB56FA0E7436" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FB56FA0E75CE" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FB56FA0E75CE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
9(3') Pronotum with small, round depression at the apical margin; pronotum impunctate on medial third of disc.................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203E6DFB7EFA0E75CE" authority="Fairmaire and Germain, 1861" authorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" authorityYear="1861" box="[802,1436,1192,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203E6DFB7EFBB475CD" box="[802,1062,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum nasutum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B7620397AFB7EFA0675CE" author="Fairmaire" box="[1077,1428,1192,1218]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. and Germain, P. (1861) Coleoptera Chilensia, part 2. Felix Malteste, Paris. 8 pp." type="book" year="1861">Fairmaire and Germain, 1861</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FB06FA0E7436" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FB06FA0E7436" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">9' Pronotum without small, round depression at the apical margin; sometimes with longitudinal depression apically; pronotum punctate on medial third of disc; punctures small, sometimes concentrated near midline..........................................................................................................................................10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FA9EFA0974BE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FA9EFA0E7486" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FA9EFA0E7486" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
10(9') Supraocular margin elevated, cariniform, arcuate in posterior half (lateral view) (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743B762039E5FA9EFA9E746E" box="[1194,1292,1352,1378]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,255,1255,1279]" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bolborhinum tricorne female in lateral view." pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
, 31, 33)...... ....................................................................................................... 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EBCFAA6FA0E7486" authority="Solier, 1851" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1851" box="[1011,1436,1392,1418]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricorne">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EBCFAA6FB667485" box="[1011,1268,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum tricorne</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B7620384DFAA6FA067486" author="Solier" box="[1282,1428,1392,1418]" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Solier, A. J. J. (1851) Orden III. Coleopteros, pp. 5 - 285. In C. Gay (ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Zoologia, vol. 5. C. Gay, Paris. 564 pp." type="book chapter" year="1851">Solier, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FA4EFA0974BE" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" box="[151,1435,1432,1458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FA4EFA0974BE" box="[151,1435,1432,1458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">10' Supraocular margin weakly elevated or not elevated...........................................................................11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8FA16FA09775E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8FA16FA0E770E" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8FA16FA0E770E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
11(10') Pronotum with thin, apical depression; pronotum with large punctures scattered unevenly across disc ............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EE5FA3EFA0E770E" authority="Fairmaire, 1856" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[938,1436,1512,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubericeps">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EE5FA3EFB54770D" box="[938,1222,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum tubericeps</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B7620399AFA3EFA06770E" author="Fairmaire" box="[1237,1428,1512,1538]" pageId="7" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. (1856) Coleoptera Chilensia a Germain detecta et a Leon Fairmaire descripta. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2 (8), 483 - 485." type="journal article" year="1856">Fairmaire, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8F9C6FA09775E" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8F9C6FA09775E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">11' Pronotum with or without thin, apical depression at the apical margin; pronotal surface more evenly punctate; punctures typically small, dense...........................................................................................12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8F9B6FA09764E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8F9B6FA0E77C6" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8F9B6FA0E77C6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
12(11') Head with clypeal tubercle elevated (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C743B76203FF5F9B6FC827776" box="[698,784,1632,1658]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="25.[151,255,1426,1450]" captionTargetBox="[282,1296,224,1286]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[264,1323,194,1340]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 8. Bolborhinum shajovskoyi female in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182605/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
, 27, 29), with prominent lateral cariniform processes. More common in 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743B76203C87F95EFDAD77AE" box="[456,575,1672,1698]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, but also known from IX Región de La Araucanía, 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743B762039D8F95EFB4577AE" box="[1175,1239,1672,1698]" name="Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Chile</collectingCountry>
.......................... ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EEBF966FA0E77C6" authority="Martinez, 1952" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1952" box="[932,1436,1712,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shajovskoyi">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EEBF966FB5F77C5" box="[932,1229,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum shajovskoyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B76203992F966FA0677C6" author="Martinez" box="[1245,1428,1712,1738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Martinez, A. (1952) Insectos nuevos o poco conocidos IX. Algunas notas sobre Bolbocerini argentinos y chilenos con descripcion de una especie nueva (Col. Scarab. Geotrupinae). Revista Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 314 - 327." type="journal article" year="1952">Martínez, 1952</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8F90EFA09764E" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8F90EFA09764E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
12' Head with clypeal tubercle elevated or not elevated, without prominent lateral cariniform process. More common in 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743B76203C89F8D6FD9B7616" box="[454,521,1792,1818]" name="Chile" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Chile</collectingCountry>
, but also known from Andean localities in Neuquén and Río Negro, 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE5899743B76203868F8D6FA097616" box="[1319,1435,1792,1818]" name="Argentina" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Argentina</collectingCountry>
..............................................................................................................................................................13
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC743B76203DD8F886FA0976EE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8F886FA0E769E" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8F886FA0E769E" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
13(12') Pronotum anteromedially with furrow; dorsal surface with larger punctures concentrated laterally, at medial furrow, and on pronotal depression ................................... 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EB9F8AEFAA8769D" box="[1014,1338,1912,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trilobulicorne" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EB9F8AEFAA8769D" box="[1014,1338,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum trilobulicorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FE8E7960743B7620380DF8AEFA0E769E" box="[1346,1436,1912,1938]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D7761809743B76203DD8F876FA0976EE" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C743B76203DD8F876FA0976EE" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
13' Pronotum medially without furrow, anteromedially with weak depression at apical margin….............. ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A743B76203EEDF81EFA0976EE" authority="Laporte, 1840" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[930,1435,1992,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B743B76203EEDF81EFB4F76ED" box="[930,1245,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Bolborhinum geotrupoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F8743B762039A3F81EFA0176EE" author="Laporte" box="[1260,1427,1992,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FF41FB4971BE" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,298]" box="[151,1243,151,178]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3DD8FF41FC8871BD" bold="true" box="[151,794,151,177]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Clave para las especies de 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3CAFFF41FC8871BD" authority="Boucomont" authorityName="Boucomont" box="[480,794,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3CAFFF41FD1171BD" bold="true" box="[480,643,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum</emphasis>
Boucomont
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(la hembra de 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3E86FF4EFB8B71BD" box="[969,1049,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seai">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3E86FF4EFC4971BD" box="[969,987,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3EA5FF4EFB8B71BD" box="[1002,1049,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">seai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
es desconocida)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B827434762F3DD8FF16FBD17026" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FF16FBD17026" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,298]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Nota: las hembras, individuos particularmente más pequeños o gastados, son muy difíciles de identificar más allá del punto 9 de esta clave. La distribución, la asociación con los machos, y la revisión una serie numerosa aumenta las posibilidades de identificar positivamente los ejemplares femeninos</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B827434762E3DD8FEB6FA0973EE" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="key">
<key id="A3584F387434762E3DD8FEB6FA0973EE" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8FEB6FA0E734E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FEB6FA0E70FE" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FEB6FA0E70FE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
1 Cabeza dorsomedialmente con 4 tubérculos que forman un trapezoide (más amplio basalmente) (Figs. 19–20). Margen clipeal reflejado, con dos tubérculos o dientes. Individuos bien desarrollados con carenas longitudinales entre los tubérculos de la cabeza y el ápice clipeal. Machos y hembras ............. ............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3EFBFE0EFA0E70FE" authority="Fairmaire, 1856" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[948,1436,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laesicolle">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3EFBFE0EFB5470FD" box="[948,1222,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum laesicolle</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87434762F399AFE0EFA0670FE" author="Fairmaire" box="[1237,1428,472,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. (1856) Coleoptera Chilensia a Germain detecta et a Leon Fairmaire descripta. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2 (8), 483 - 485." type="journal article" year="1856">Fairmaire, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FDD6FA0E734E" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FDD6FA0E734E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">1' Cabeza con dos cuernos prominentes, con menos de 4 tubérculos, o con tubérculos que no forman un trapezoide...............................................................................................................................................2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8FD86FA09723E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FD86FA0E73EE" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FD86FA0E73EE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
2(1') Cabeza con 5 cuernos distintos (Figs. 24–25); 1 cuerno en el ápice clipeal, 2 cuernos clipeales a ambos lados de la línea media en la base del clípeo (no en el margen), 2 cuernos frontales a ambos lados de la línea media y ligeramente apical de los ojos. Conocida sólo del norte de 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997434762F3999FD76FAD973B6" box="[1238,1355,672,698]" name="Argentina" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Catamarca)............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3EB2FD1EFA0E73EE" authority="Martinez, 1951" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1951" box="[1021,1436,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seai">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3EB2FD1EFB5C73ED" box="[1021,1230,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum seai</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87434762F3992FD1EFA0673EE" author="Martinez" box="[1245,1428,712,738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" refString="Martinez, A. (1951) Insectos nuevos o poco conocidos VIII. Notas acerca de algunos Bolbocerini argentinos (Col. Scarabaeidae). Revista Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 108 - 120." type="journal article" year="1951">Martínez, 1951</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FD26FA09723E" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FD26FA09723E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
2' Cabeza con diferente configuración de cuernos. Conocida sólo del centro y sur de 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997434762F399AFD26FAD87206" box="[1237,1354,752,778]" name="Argentina" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(Mendoza a Río Negro) y en 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997434762F3F41FCCEFDDC723E" box="[526,590,792,818]" name="Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Chile</collectingCountry>
.................................................................................................................3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8FC96FA0F72DE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FC96FA0E728E" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FC96FA0E728E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3(2') Clípeo con un cuerno o cuernos distintos (cuerno evidente, raramente bajo como tubérculo); ápice del clípeo nunca con carena laminar parabólica. Machos............................................................................4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FC46FA0F72DE" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FC46FA0F72DE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
3' Clípeo sin cuernos, con tubérculos y carenas; ápice del clípeo a menudo con carena laminar parabólica (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7434762F3CCFFC6EFE7072DE" box="[384,482,952,978]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="31.[151,255,1117,1141]" captionText="FIGURE 23. Bolborhinum nasutum female in dorsal view." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 23</figureCitation>
, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37). Hembras..........................................................................9
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8FC36FA097546" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FC36FA0E752E" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FC36FA0E752E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
4(3') Cabeza con un único y largo cuerno clipeal (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7434762F3E4DFC36FCC872F6" box="[770,858,992,1018]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="31.[151,255,1085,1109]" captionText="FIGURE 22. Bolborhinum nasutum male in dorsal view." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
); cuerno frontal/tubérculo ausente ....................... ............................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3E79FBDEFBD0752D" box="[822,1090,1032,1057]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3E79FBDEFBD0752D" box="[822,1090,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum nasutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87434762F391EFBDEFA06752E" author="Fairmaire" box="[1105,1428,1032,1058]" pageId="8" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. and Germain, P. (1861) Coleoptera Chilensia, part 2. Felix Malteste, Paris. 8 pp." type="book" year="1861">Fairmaire y Germain, 1861</bibRefCitation>
)
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FBE6FA097546" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" box="[151,1435,1072,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FBE6FA097546" box="[151,1435,1072,1098]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">4' Cabeza con múltiples cuernos o tubérculos...........................................................................................5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8FB8EFA0E75E6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FB8EFA0E75CE" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FB8EFA0E75CE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
5(4') Cabeza con 1 cuerno clipeal largo apicalmente proyectado, y 2 cuernos largos que se originan en el margen supraocular (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7434762F3F67FB56FD197596" box="[552,651,1152,1178]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="33.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[264,1322,209,1819]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 30. Bolborhinum tricorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 31. Bolborhinum tricorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 32. Bolborhinum tricorne male head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182608/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 30</figureCitation>
, 32). Individuos bien desarrollados con un par adicional de procesos laterales en la base del cuerno clipeal ..................................... 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3EBCFB7EFA0E75CE" authority="Solier, 1851" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1851" box="[1011,1436,1192,1218]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricorne">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3EBCFB7EFB6675CD" box="[1011,1268,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum tricorne</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87434762F384DFB7EFA0675CE" author="Solier" box="[1282,1428,1192,1218]" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" refString="Solier, A. J. J. (1851) Orden III. Coleopteros, pp. 5 - 285. In C. Gay (ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Zoologia, vol. 5. C. Gay, Paris. 564 pp." type="book chapter" year="1851">Solier, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FB06FA0E75E6" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" box="[151,1436,1232,1258]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FB06FA0E75E6" box="[151,1436,1232,1258]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">5' Cabeza sin cuernos largos originados en el margen supraocular...........................................................6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8FB2EFA0E7486" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FB2EFA0E746E" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FB2EFA0E746E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
6(5') Cabeza con 4 cuernos distintos; 3 cuernos clipeales y 1 cuerno frontal formando las esquinas de un diamante (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7434762F3C3DFAF6FE467436" box="[370,468,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="28.[151,255,1349,1373]" captionText="FIGURE 13. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in lateral view." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 13</figureCitation>
, 36); 2 cuernos clipeales laterales no situados en el margen..................................... ............................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3EE5FA9EFA0E746E" authority="Fairmaire, 1856" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[938,1436,1352,1378]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubericeps">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3EE5FA9EFB54746D" box="[938,1222,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum tubericeps</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87434762F399AFA9EFA06746E" author="Fairmaire" box="[1237,1428,1352,1378]" pageId="8" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. (1856) Coleoptera Chilensia a Germain detecta et a Leon Fairmaire descripta. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2 (8), 483 - 485." type="journal article" year="1856">Fairmaire, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FAA6FA0E7486" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" box="[151,1436,1392,1418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FAA6FA0E7486" box="[151,1436,1392,1418]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">6' Cabeza con menos de 4 cuernos, o con 4 cuernos pero con 2 cuernos laterales en el margen..............7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8FA4EFA09770E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FA4EFA0E74D6" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FA4EFA0E74D6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
7(6') Cabeza lateralmente con distinto proceso o cuerno en el margen (Figs. 26, 28)..................................... ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3EEBFA16FA0E74D6" authority="Martinez, 1952" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1952" box="[932,1436,1472,1498]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shajovskoyi">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3EEBFA16FB5F74D5" box="[932,1229,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum shajovskoyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87434762F3992FA16FA0674D6" author="Martinez" box="[1245,1428,1472,1498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" refString="Martinez, A. (1952) Insectos nuevos o poco conocidos IX. Algunas notas sobre Bolbocerini argentinos y chilenos con descripcion de una especie nueva (Col. Scarab. Geotrupinae). Revista Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 314 - 327." type="journal article" year="1952">Martínez, 1952</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8FA3EFA09770E" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" box="[151,1435,1512,1538]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8FA3EFA09770E" box="[151,1435,1512,1538]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">7' Cabeza sin proceso lateral o cuerno, todos los cuernos ubicados en o después de la línea media.......8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8F9C6FA0977FE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8F9C6FA0E775E" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8F9C6FA0E775E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
8(7') Cabeza con 2 cuernos, cuerno basal ubicado entre los ojos; ápice del cuerno clipeal trilobulado, cuerno frontal bifurcado (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7434762F3F6CF9EEFDEA775E" box="[547,632,1592,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 34" captionStartId="34.[151,255,1878,1902]" captionTargetBox="[285,1318,211,1842]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURE 34. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne male in dorsal view. FIGURE 35. Bolborhinum trilobulicorne female in dorsal view. FIGURE 36. Bolborhinum tubericeps male in dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
)................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3EB9F9EEFAA8775D" box="[1014,1338,1592,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trilobulicorne" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3EB9F9EEFAA8775D" box="[1014,1338,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum trilobulicorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FE8E79607434762F380DF9EEFA0E775E" box="[1346,1436,1592,1618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8F9B6FA0977FE" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8F9B6FA0977FE" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
8' Cabeza con 1 o 2 cuernos, ningún cuerno entre o cerca de los ojos; 1 cuerno prominente en la línea media del ápice clipeal y 2 tubérculos ubicados detrás de él o con un cuerno clipeal distinto ubicado detrás de él (cuerno clipeal posterior a veces bifurcado (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7434762F3EC9F966FC7577C6" box="[902,999,1712,1738]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="29.[151,255,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[281,1323,208,1691]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[264,1323,194,1702]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 15. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in dorsal view. FIGURE 16. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in dorsal view. FIGURE 17. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182606/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 15</figureCitation>
, 17, 18) ............................................. ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3EEDF90EFA0977FE" authority="Laporte, 1840" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[930,1435,1752,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3EEDF90EFB4F77FD" box="[930,1245,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum geotrupoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87434762F39A3F90EFA0177FE" author="Laporte" box="[1260,1427,1752,1778]" pageId="8" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762F3DD8F8D6FA0E76B6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8F8D6FA0E764E" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8F8D6FA0E764E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
9(3') Pronoto con depresión pequeña y redondeada en el margen anterior; pronoto sin puntuación en el tercio medio del disco........................................... 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7434762F3E6DF8FEFA0E764E" authority="Fairmaire and Germain, 1861" authorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" authorityYear="1861" box="[802,1436,1832,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nasutum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7434762F3E6DF8FEFBB4764D" box="[802,1062,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Bolborhinum nasutum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87434762F397AF8FEFA06764E" author="Fairmaire" box="[1077,1428,1832,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. and Germain, P. (1861) Coleoptera Chilensia, part 2. Felix Malteste, Paris. 8 pp." type="book" year="1861">Fairmaire and Germain, 1861</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8F886FA0E76B6" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8F886FA0E76B6" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">9' Pronoto sin depresión pequeña y redondeada en el margen apical; a veces con depresión apicalmente longitudinal; pronoto punteado en el tercio medio del disco; puntuación pequeña, a veces concentrada cerca de la línea media........................................................................................................................10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7434762E3DD8F81EFA0E71D6" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<paragraph id="D77618097434762F3DD8F81EFA0976EE" blockId="8.[151,1437,352,2018]" box="[151,1435,1992,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7434762F3DD8F81EFA0976EE" box="[151,1435,1992,2018]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
10(9') Margen supraocular elevado, careniforme, arqueado en la mitad posterior (vista lateral) (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7434762F3847F81EFAF876EE" box="[1288,1386,1992,2018]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,255,1255,1279]" captionText="FIGURE 10. Bolborhinum tricorne female in lateral view." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
, 31,
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DB8FF4EFA0E71D6" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
33) ................................................................................................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3EBCFF4EFA0E71BE" authority="Solier, 1851" authorityName="Solier" authorityYear="1851" box="[1011,1436,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tricorne">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3EBCFF4EFB6671BD" box="[1011,1268,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolborhinum tricorne</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E384DFF4EFA0671BE" author="Solier" box="[1282,1428,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Solier, A. J. J. (1851) Orden III. Coleopteros, pp. 5 - 285. In C. Gay (ed.), Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Zoologia, vol. 5. C. Gay, Paris. 564 pp." type="book chapter" year="1851">Solier, 1851</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7435762E3DD8FF16FA0E71D6" box="[151,1436,192,218]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">10' Margen supraocular débilmente elevado o no elevado........................................................................11</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7435762E3DD8FF3EFA0E7076" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FF3EFA0E7026" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7435762E3DD8FF3EFA0E7026" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
11(10') Pronoto con ligera depresión apical; pronoto con puntuación grande dispersa irregularmente alrededor del disco ........................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3EE5FEC6FA0E7026" authority="Fairmaire, 1856" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[938,1436,272,298]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tubericeps">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3EE5FEC6FB547025" box="[938,1222,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolborhinum tubericeps</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E399AFEC6FA067026" author="Fairmaire" box="[1237,1428,272,298]" pageId="9" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. (1856) Coleoptera Chilensia a Germain detecta et a Leon Fairmaire descripta. Revue et Magasin de Zoologie, 2 (8), 483 - 485." type="journal article" year="1856">Fairmaire, 1856</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FEEEFA0E7076" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7435762E3DD8FEEEFA0E7076" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">11' Pronoto con o sin depresión ligera en el margen apical; superficie pronotal completamente punteada, uniforme; puntuación tipicamente pequeña, densa..............................................................................12</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7435762E3DD8FE5EFA09734E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FE5EFA0E70FE" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7435762E3DD8FE5EFA0E70FE" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
12(11') Cabeza con tubérculo clipeal elevado (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7435762E3F86FE5EFC8F70AE" box="[713,797,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="25.[151,255,1426,1450]" captionTargetBox="[282,1296,224,1286]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[264,1323,194,1340]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 8. Bolborhinum shajovskoyi female in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182605/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
, 27, 29), con procesos laterales careniformes, prominentes. Más común en 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E3F4BFE66FDEE70C6" box="[516,636,432,458]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Argentina</collectingCountry>
, pero también conocida de la IX Región de La Araucanía, 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E3864FE66FAF970C6" box="[1323,1387,432,458]" name="Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chile</collectingCountry>
...... ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3EEBFE0EFA0E70FE" authority="Martinez, 1952" authorityName="Martinez" authorityYear="1952" box="[932,1436,472,498]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shajovskoyi">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3EEBFE0EFB5F70FD" box="[932,1229,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolborhinum shajovskoyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E3992FE0EFA0670FE" author="Martinez" box="[1245,1428,472,498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Martinez, A. (1952) Insectos nuevos o poco conocidos IX. Algunas notas sobre Bolbocerini argentinos y chilenos con descripcion de una especie nueva (Col. Scarab. Geotrupinae). Revista Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 314 - 327." type="journal article" year="1952">Martínez, 1952</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FDD6FA09734E" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7435762E3DD8FDD6FA09734E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
12' Cabeza con tubérculo clipeal elevado o no elevado, sin procesos laterales careniformes. Común en 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E3DB8FDFEFEA8734E" box="[247,314,552,578]" name="Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chile</collectingCountry>
, pero también conocido de localidades andinas en Neuquén y Río Negro, 
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E39D5FDFEFA81734E" box="[1178,1299,552,578]" name="Argentina" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Argentina</collectingCountry>
...............13
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="6C3D00AC7435762E3DD8FD86FA0973EE" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FD86FA0E739E" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7435762E3DD8FD86FA0E739E" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
13(12') Pronoto anteromedialmente con surco; superficie dorsal con puntuación gruesa concentrada lateralmente, en el surco, y en la depresión pronotal.............................. 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3EB9FDAEFAA8739D" box="[1014,1338,632,657]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trilobulicorne" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3EB9FDAEFAA8739D" box="[1014,1338,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolborhinum trilobulicorne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FE8E79607435762E380DFDAEFA0E739E" box="[1346,1436,632,658]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FD76FA0973EE" blockId="9.[151,1437,152,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<keyLead id="6C38BB3C7435762E3DD8FD76FA0973EE" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
13' Pronoto medialmente sin surco, anteromedialmente con ligera depresión en el margen apical.............. ............................................................................................ 
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3EEDFD1EFA0973EE" authority="Laporte, 1840" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[930,1435,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3EEDFD1EFB4F73ED" box="[930,1245,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolborhinum geotrupoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E39A3FD1EFA0173EE" author="Laporte" box="[1260,1427,712,738]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>