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<document id="61750CE94DE73B1B48BE1BEE56FBB879" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.182603" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5d95a7c8-6bcf-4fbc-93ff-646498a5a96d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="182603" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459871429437" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mondaca, José &amp; Smith, Andrew B. T." docDate="2008" docId="5F60A91F7435762D3DD8FC64FBC7764E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01794p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1794" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Bolborhinum geotrupoides Laporte 1840" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="A359D167743C76273D4FFFD6FF92710C" masterDocTitle="A revision of the southern South American genus Bolborhinum Boucomont (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae)" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698226675509" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="41F444A3C2D07AFE955EA2C2A4D5925C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3F7E55CAB8CA939C4E475D315C857CDF">
<mods:title id="906B282BAAEF1D9C7181EBAB93A783BF">A revision of the southern South American genus Bolborhinum Boucomont (Coleoptera: Geotrupidae: Bolboceratinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="762F121F17119FCE00B697ADB5E735F5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="516C0347E1010189E584CD827903CAD8">
<mods:roleTerm id="C97F517C9942D5DA61C206DF54E72A20">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DBEA6E5744418B2C8BCB3FCEC15ABA95">Mondaca, José</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="192B83CA321B9D589BFD0B986219D15A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="ADE276B8926A02277DE7A3A3D9671A2D">
<mods:roleTerm id="18541684B2C02AC42CE4D671304B5707">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="93B950FF41BA1EA2E117913BA31E63EE">Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="53DD1A3783D566D9F705DAC9282481F4">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="A4F257FF226CBAF9C9517A9135408AA8" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="E4B389472091A2D36939333C2103D377">
<mods:title id="132F118C8CA08ACA3FF06C04FAB236C2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6AD408F8B8C11A8E27F260ADDBFEEEB0">
<mods:date id="089332081FBBF86D7AE173F5867DABEE">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2E3B3DBC9EC5858FE59A0CC3962C98F5" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1269D7B3583D89CB91787A72B18AC884">1794</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="82940BBF667937EF570EB8FAE70EE45D" unit="page">
<mods:start id="D52D76BA81056D9D3BC791E1D70ACF80">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="CACC5CC0DA1994297124832A603A556D">48</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="06E12F0EC50E120B699B09AF4499EE24">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B96F44272A17CED15C4B689EA33414F0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.182603</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ECB68501669DE5B3BDFDCC053313AE3C" type="GBIF-Dataset">5d95a7c8-6bcf-4fbc-93ff-646498a5a96d</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AAE09A63FCE24525CB39B0A6E27D7EEE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D90FB5A560E7A4103C50CF7EDD1BC60E" type="Zenodo-Dep">182603</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="5F60A91F7435762D3DD8FC64FBC7764E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6230983" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119369633" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6230983" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F60A91F7435762D3DD8FC64FBC7764E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F60A91F7435762D3DD8FC64FBC7764E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<subSubSection id="9FD34B827435762E3DD8FC64FEFD72E3" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FC64FD3672C0" blockId="9.[151,676,946,1007]" box="[151,676,946,972]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="8C3EAF657435762E3DD8FC64FD3672C0" bold="true" box="[151,676,946,972]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3DD8FC64FD3672C0" authority="Laporte, 1840" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1840" box="[151,676,946,972]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3DD8FC64FD3672C0" bold="true" box="[151,676,946,972]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3DD8FC64FE4972C0" bold="true" box="[151,475,946,972]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolborhinum geotrupoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E3CA4FC64FD0E72C0" author="Laporte" box="[491,668,946,972]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FC03FEFD72E3" blockId="9.[151,676,946,1007]" box="[151,367,981,1007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
(
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7435762E3DD0FC03FF6372E3" box="[159,241,981,1007]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="23.[151,255,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[275,1298,217,1836]" captionTargetId="figure@23.[264,1323,194,1857]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 1. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in lateral view. FIGURE 2. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in lateral view. FIGURE 3. Bolborhinum laesicolle in lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182604/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 2, 15–18)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B827435762D3DD8FBF3FA9A7076" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3DD8FBF3FDDA774B" blockId="9.[151,1437,1061,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3DD8FBF3FE3D7533" bold="true" box="[151,431,1061,1087]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Original combination.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3CF5FBF3FC4B7533" authority="Laporte, 1840: 104" authorityName="Laporte" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1840" box="[442,985,1061,1087]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3CF5FBF3FD767532" box="[442,740,1061,1086]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolboceras geotrupoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E3FA0FBF3FC097533" author="Laporte" box="[751,923,1061,1087]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
: 104
</taxonomicName>
.
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3EA7FBF3FBB07533" box="[1000,1058,1061,1087]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
locality: “
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E39EDFBF3FB6C7533" box="[1186,1278,1061,1087]" name="Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CHILE</collectingCountry>
, Talca Prov., Alto Vilches,
<quantity id="1031B5EC7435762E3C78FB9BFE02756B" box="[311,400,1101,1127]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
” (original
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3F41FB9BFDD2756B" box="[526,576,1101,1127]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
locality: “
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E3FF7FB9BFD68756B" box="[696,762,1101,1127]" name="Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chili</collectingCountry>
”).
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3E56FB9BFCC1756B" box="[793,851,1101,1127]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
series:
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3EE3FB9BFB9B756B" box="[940,1033,1101,1127]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
at CMNC labeled: “
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E39B9FB9BFAC0756B" box="[1270,1362,1101,1127]" name="Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">CHILE</collectingCountry>
, Talca Prov. / AltoVilches,
<quantity id="1031B5EC7435762E3CC7FBA3FE4E7583" box="[392,476,1141,1167]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100m</quantity>
. /
<date id="A3773EC97435762E3CB6FBA3FD267583" box="[505,692,1141,1167]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="1976-12-10" valueMax="1976-12-12" valueMin="1976-12-10">10–12.XII.1976</date>
/ H. F. Howden” (typeset), b) “H.&amp;A. HOWDEN / COLLEC- TION / Ottawa,
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E3C19FB4BFE2375BB" box="[342,433,1181,1207]" name="Canada" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Canada</collectingCountry>
” (typeset with black border), c) “
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3E7CFB4BFC6A75BB" box="[819,1016,1181,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">BOLBOCERAS</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3940FB4BFB7F75BB" box="[1039,1261,1181,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">GEOTRUPOIDES</taxonomicName>
/ LAPORTE ɗ /
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3DE8FB13FEBF75D3" box="[167,301,1221,1247]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">NEOTYPE</typeStatus>
/ A.B.T. SMITH” (red label, handwritten and typeset), d) “Southern Neotropical Scarabs / database #
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E3DA2FB3BFE83740B" box="[237,273,1261,1287]" name="American Samoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">AS</collectingCountry>
2607270 /
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3CDAFB3BFD41740A" box="[405,723,1261,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3CDAFB3BFD41740A" box="[405,723,1261,1286]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolborhinum geotrupoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ (
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E3FB8FB3BFC33740B" author="Laporte" box="[759,929,1261,1287]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
) ɗ / DET: A.B.T.SMITH 2006” (typeset).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3DD8FAC3FE5D7423" bold="true" box="[151,463,1301,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3DD8FAC3FF6C7423" box="[151,254,1301,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">Neotype</typeStatus>
here designated
</emphasis>
. See “Designation of
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3FAFFAC3FCC57423" box="[736,855,1301,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">lectotypes</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3ED8FAC3FB907423" box="[919,1026,1301,1327]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">neotypes</typeStatus>
” section for further statements of qualifying conditions for the designation of this
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3FACFAEBFCD6745B" box="[739,836,1341,1367]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
. All reasonable steps were exhausted to trace the original
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3DB2FAB3FEA27473" box="[253,304,1381,1407]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
material of this taxon. Many Laporte
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3E48FAB3FCAB7473" box="[775,825,1381,1407]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
specimens have been lost, but some are currently housed in the MNHN and in the Museum of Victoria in Abbotsford,
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E3E84FA5BFBA474AB" box="[971,1078,1421,1447]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Australia</collectingCountry>
(MVMA). The second author searched for
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3C62FA63FEF274C3" box="[301,352,1461,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
material at the MNHN in
<date id="A3773EC97435762E3FDBFA63FC9974C3" box="[660,779,1461,1487]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" value="2005-05">May 2005</date>
and Ken Walker (curator of entomology at the MVMA) searched for
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3C7FFA0BFEF174FB" box="[304,355,1501,1527]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
material in the MVMA, both without success. We can only conclude that the
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E384EFA0BFAA674FB" box="[1281,1332,1501,1527]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
material has been lost. The specimen selected as the
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3FE7F9D3FC977713" box="[680,773,1541,1567]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
matches the original description of
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E39F9F9D3FAFA7713" author="Laporte" box="[1206,1384,1541,1567]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte (1840)</bibRefCitation>
and falls within the original
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3CFFF9FBFE71774B" box="[432,483,1581,1607]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097435762E3D89F983FD3A7653" blockId="9.[151,1437,1061,2007]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3D89F983FED17763" bold="true" box="[198,323,1621,1647]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Synonym.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3C05F983FC5C7763" authority="Fairmaire and Germain, 1861: 2" authorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1861" box="[330,974,1621,1647]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binasutum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3C05F983FDC27762" box="[330,592,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolboceras binasutum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E3F18F983FC267763" author="Fairmaire" box="[599,948,1621,1647]" pageId="9" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. and Germain, P. (1861) Coleoptera Chilensia, part 2. Felix Malteste, Paris. 8 pp." type="book" year="1861">Fairmaire and Germain, 1861</bibRefCitation>
: 2
</taxonomicName>
(emended from
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E39C1F983FA197762" box="[1166,1419,1621,1646]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binasutus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E39C1F983FA197762" box="[1166,1419,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolboceras binasutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3DD8F9ABFEC8779B" bold="true" box="[151,346,1661,1687]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">New Synonymy</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3C24F9ABFE37779B" box="[363,421,1661,1687]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
locality: “Chilensia.”
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3FFCF9ABFD7F779B" box="[691,749,1661,1687]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
series:
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3E04F9ABFC24779B" box="[843,950,1661,1687]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
at MNHN labeled a) “1683” (handwritten), b) “
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3C4FF973FE1577B3" box="[256,391,1701,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bolboceras</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3CEDF973FD8677B3" box="[418,532,1701,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binasutus">binasutus</taxonomicName>
” (handwritten by Fairmaire), c) “MUSEUM PARIS / Collection Léon Fairmaire / 1906” (typeset), d) “
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3CADF91BFDA377EB" box="[482,561,1741,1767]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">TYPE</typeStatus>
” (red label, typeset), e) “
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3E16F91BFB8C77EB" box="[857,1054,1741,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">BOLBOCERAS</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3979F91BFB7777EB" box="[1078,1253,1741,1767]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binasutum">BINASUTUM</taxonomicName>
/ FAIRMAIRE &amp; GERMAIN /
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3C19F923FE6F7603" box="[342,509,1781,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
ɗ / A.B.T. SMITH” (red label, handwritten and typeset), f) “Southern Neotropical Scarabs / database #
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997435762E3C99F8CBFE68763B" box="[470,506,1821,1847]" name="American Samoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">AS</collectingCountry>
2609492 /
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3F32F8CBFC2B763A" box="[637,953,1821,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3F32F8CBFC2B763A" box="[637,953,1821,1846]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolborhinum geotrupoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ (
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E3E93F8CBFB14763B" author="Laporte" box="[988,1158,1821,1847]" pageId="9" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
) / DET: A.B.T.SMITH 2007” (typeset).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3C14F893FD337653" bold="true" box="[347,673,1861,1887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3C14F893FE457653" box="[347,471,1861,1887]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
here designated
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097435762D3D89F8BBFCCB7026" blockId="9.[151,1437,1061,2007]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,1858]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3D89F8BBFED7768B" bold="true" box="[198,325,1901,1927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Synonym:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3C00F8BBFB85768B" authority="Fairmaire and Germain, 1861: 2" authorityName="Fairmaire and Germain" authorityPageNumber="2" authorityYear="1861" box="[335,1047,1901,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinguendum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E3C00F8BBFD19768A" box="[335,651,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolboceras distinguendum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87435762E3FDBF8BBFC69768B" author="Fairmaire" box="[660,1019,1901,1927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="22" refString="Fairmaire, L. and Germain, P. (1861) Coleoptera Chilensia, part 2. Felix Malteste, Paris. 8 pp." type="book" year="1861">Fairmaire and Germain, 1861</bibRefCitation>
: 2
</taxonomicName>
(emended from
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E39AEF8BBFE8A76A2" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinguendus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7435762E39AEF8BBFE8A76A2" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Bolboceras distinguendus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3C7DF843FEFE76A3" box="[306,364,1941,1967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
locality: “Chilensia.”
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3F38F843FD2376A3" box="[631,689,1941,1967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
series:
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7435762E3E41F843FCEB76A3" box="[782,889,1941,1967]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
male at MNHN labeled a) “1622” (handwritten), b) “
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3C4DF86BFE1B76DB" box="[258,393,1981,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bolboceras</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7435762E3CE9F86BFDDE76DB" box="[422,588,1981,2007]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinguendus">distinguendus</taxonomicName>
” (handwritten by Fairmaire), c) “MUSEUM PARIS / Collection Léon Fairmaire / 1906” (typeset), d) “
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7436762D3F6BFF4EFDE171BE" box="[548,627,152,178]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">TYPE</typeStatus>
” (red label, typeset), e) “
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D3EE2FF4EFBE071BE" box="[941,1138,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">BOLBOCERAS</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D39DDFF4EFA1A71BE" box="[1170,1416,152,178]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinguendum">DISTINGUENDUM</taxonomicName>
/ FAIRMAIRE &amp; GERMAIN /
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7436762D3F41FF16FD2771D6" box="[526,693,192,218]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
ɗ / A.B.T. SMITH” (red label, handwritten and typeset), f) “Southern Neotropical Scarabs / database #
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997436762D3FD5FF3EFD2C700E" box="[666,702,232,258]" name="American Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AS</collectingCountry>
2609493 /
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D3E72FF3EFBE5700D" box="[829,1143,232,257]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3E72FF3EFBE5700D" box="[829,1143,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Bolborhinum geotrupoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
/ (
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87436762D39D9FF3EFAAF700E" author="Laporte" box="[1174,1341,232,258]" pageId="10" pageNumber="23" refString="Laporte, F. L. (Comte de Castelnau) (1840) Histoire naturelle des Insectes Coleopteres (Tome deuxieme d'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux Articules). P. Dumeril, Paris, 564 pp." type="book" year="1840">Laporte, 1840</bibRefCitation>
) / DET: A.B.T.SMITH 2007” (typeset).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3F43FED9FCC07025" bold="true" box="[524,850,271,297]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<typeStatus id="0872A6AB7436762D3F43FED9FD157025" box="[524,647,271,297]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
here designated
</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097436762D3D89FEE1FA9A7076" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3D89FEE1FE45705D" bold="true" box="[198,471,311,337]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="C1CFD3807436762D3CABFEEEFD0A705E" box="[484,664,312,338]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="generic">343 specimens</specimenCount>
were examined from AUPC, CMNC, CNCI, FMNH, GACC, HAHC, INHS, JEBC, JMEC, MEUC, MGAC, MNHN, MNNC, SRTC, UCCC, UMCE, VMDC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B827436762D3D89FE51FC79728E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D77618097436762D3D89FE51FCA873B6" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3D89FE51FEAD70AD" bold="true" box="[198,319,391,417]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. Length 14.5–22.0 mm. Color generally reddish-brown. The number, shape, and placement of the male clypeal horns are diagnostic as follows: head dorsally with two medial horns that are connected by an elevated carina (
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7436762D3C11FE0EFE2A70FE" box="[350,440,472,498]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="29.[151,255,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[281,1323,208,1691]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[264,1323,194,1702]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 15. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male in dorsal view. FIGURE 16. Bolborhinum geotrupoides female in dorsal view. FIGURE 17. Bolborhinum geotrupoides male head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182606/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
); the apical horn is more robust and located at the clypeal apex, the basal horn is smaller and located immediately behind the first. The two horns could be interpreted as a single bifid horn (in small individuals the second clypeal horn is replaced by a pair of small tubercles located on each side of the midline). Male pronotum with deep and wide anterior excavation occupying almost two thirds of pronotum; surface smooth, generally impunctate; posterosuperior ridge transverse, slightly arcuate anteriorly, sometimes with lateral edge anteriorly projected in larger specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097436762D3D89FD1EFC79728E" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Female similar to male, except in the trapezoidal shape and smaller length of the head in comparison with the male; dorsal surface medially with a small, weakly elevated tubercle and a pair of short lateral carinae that are convergent distally. Clypeus anteriorly truncate, elevated. Pronotum with weak depression located immediately behind the apical margin; disc with fine furrow and sparse punctures on the dorsal surface; laterally with punctures dense to sparse, distributed irregularly across the surface.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B827436762D3D89FC59FE5874D6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D77618097436762D3D89FC59FB257485" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3D89FC59FECD72A5" bold="true" box="[198,351,911,937]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4FF2048C7436762D3C3EFC46FE5F72A6" box="[369,461,912,938]" captionStart="FIGURE 56" captionStartId="40.[151,255,1747,1771]" captionTargetBox="[152,1424,199,1713]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[151,1436,194,1726]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURE 56. Bolborhinum geotrupoides distribution." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/182610/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
):
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3CABFC59FD5172A5" bold="true" box="[484,707,911,937]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997436762D3CABFC59FD0572A5" box="[484,663,911,937]" name="Argentina" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">ARGENTINA</collectingCountry>
(2)
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3F9BFC59FCE272A5" bold="true" box="[724,880,911,937]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Neuquén (1)</emphasis>
: Lago Tromén (1).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D392EFC59FA9C72A5" bold="true" box="[1121,1294,911,937]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Río Negro (1)</emphasis>
: Pilcaniyeu (1).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3D87FC61FEFF72DD" bold="true" box="[200,365,951,977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997436762D3D87FC61FEB572DD" box="[200,295,951,977]" name="Chile" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">CHILE</collectingCountry>
(341)
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3C32FC61FCC772DD" bold="true" box="[381,853,951,977]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Región Metropolitana de Santiago (3)</emphasis>
: El Monte (1); Naltagua (2).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D39E6FC61FE6C72F5" bold="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">VI Región del General Bernardo O’Higgins (1)</emphasis>
: Alto Huemul, San Fernando (1).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3ED5FC09FB7572F5" bold="true" box="[922,1255,991,1017]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">VII Región del Maule (84)</emphasis>
: Curicó Maritimo (1); El Coigo (1); Fundo El Radal (2); Fundo Malcho (5); La Balsa (4); La Mina (17); Laguna del Maule (2); Lara Bullileo (4); Linares (7); Parque Inglés (2); Parral (1); Potrero Grande (2); Reserva Nacional Radal 7 Tazas (3); Vilches Alto (33).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3CA6FB81FCDB757D" bold="true" box="[489,841,1111,1137]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">VIII Región del Biobío (190)</emphasis>
: Abanico (2); Antuco (1); Atacalco (12); Chiguayante (50); Coihueco (1); Cordillera de Chillán (8); Fundo El Castillo (1); Fundo El Roble (1); La Invernada (10); Las Trancas (54); Los Angeles (5); Los Lleuques (10); Nonquén (1); Piedras Comadres (10); Puente Marchant (8); Puente Torrealba (1); Ralco (1); Recinto (4); Río Ñuble (1); Shangri-la (7); Yungai (1); region record only (1).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3C16FB21FD63741D" bold="true" box="[345,753,1271,1297]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">IX Región de La Araucanía (59)</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry id="AFDE58997436762D3E4EFB2EFCD8741E" box="[769,842,1272,1298]" name="Angola" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Angol</collectingCountry>
(7); Cunco (1); Laguna Galletue (3); Liucura (1); Lonquimay (15); Malalcahuello (1); Marimenuco (7); Molco (1); Nahuelbuta (2); Parque Nacional Nahuelbuta, Pehuenco (1); Parque Nacional Villarrica, Puesco (5); Temuco (3); Traiguen (1); Villa Portales (10); Volcán Lonquimay (1).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3CC9FAB9FD4F7485" bold="true" box="[390,733,1391,1417]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">XIV Región de Los Ríos (1)</emphasis>
: Valdivia (1).
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3EC9FAB9FB257485" bold="true" box="[902,1207,1391,1417]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Country record only (3).</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D77618097436762D3D89FA41FE5874D6" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3D89FA41FEEC74BD" bold="true" box="[198,382,1431,1457]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Temporal data</emphasis>
: January (60), February (26), March (8), April (5), September (5), October (24), November (89), December (123).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FD34B827436762D3D89FA31FBC7764E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D77618097436762D3D89FA31FBC7764E" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1858]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3D89FA31FEAA770D" bold="true" box="[198,312,1511,1537]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks</emphasis>
: Identification of this species is complicated because of the variable head armature of males. The second clypeal horn can be either prominent or absent, and when present, this horn is either bifurcate or simple. In individuals where the second clypeal horn is absent, there is in its place a pair of distinctly separated tubercles behind the first clypeal horn (Figs. 17–18). This variation is not as extreme as the male dimorphism recognized by
<bibRefCitation id="B35865F87436762D3CDBF95EFDDF77AE" author="Howden" box="[404,589,1672,1698]" pageId="10" pageNumber="22" refString="Howden, H. F. (1979) A revision of the Australian genus Blackburnium Boucomont (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Geotrupinae). Australian Journal of Zoology Supplementary Series, 72, 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="1979">Howden (1979)</bibRefCitation>
in some species of the Australian genus
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D397FF95EFAF877AE" authority="Boucomont" authorityName="Boucomont" box="[1072,1386,1672,1698]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Blackburnium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D397FF95EFB4477AD" box="[1072,1238,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Blackburnium</emphasis>
Boucomont
</taxonomicName>
, but it is enough to cause confusion and probably lead to the failure to recognize
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D395FF966FB5B77C5" box="[1040,1225,1712,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D395FF966FBB077C5" box="[1040,1058,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D397FF966FB5B77C5" box="[1072,1225,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">geotrupoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D384DF966FA0E77C5" box="[1282,1436,1712,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binasutum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D384DF966FA8677C5" box="[1282,1300,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D386DF966FA0E77C5" box="[1314,1436,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">binasutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as synonyms until now. We examined over
<specimenCount id="C1CFD3807436762D3FDFF90EFD6977FE" box="[656,763,1752,1778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="male">200 male</specimenCount>
specimens of this species and found the male armature of
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D3DD8F8D6FEC27615" box="[151,336,1792,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3DD8F8D6FF3B7615" box="[151,169,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3DF8F8D6FEC27615" box="[183,336,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">geotrupoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D3C11F8D6FE6A7615" box="[350,504,1792,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binasutum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3C11F8D6FEE27615" box="[350,368,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3C31F8D6FE6A7615" box="[382,504,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">binasutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D3F78F8D6FC967615" box="[567,772,1792,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolboceras" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="distinguendum">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3F78F8D6FDDB7615" box="[567,585,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3F18F8D6FC967615" box="[599,772,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">distinguendum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to fall within our concept of this somewhat variable species. Therefore the latter two names are here synonymized under
<taxonomicName id="10C9638A7436762D3EDBF8FEFBDC764D" box="[916,1102,1832,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Bolboceratidae" genus="Bolborhinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geotrupoides">
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3EDBF8FEFC34764D" box="[916,934,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">B</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E5BDC41B7436762D3EFAF8FEFBDC764D" box="[949,1102,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">geotrupoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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