460 lines
41 KiB
XML
460 lines
41 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599974" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan 1873" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1635513010010" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6905-4440</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zfilander@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-10-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1066</mods:number>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>198</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1066-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599974" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Duncan, 1873" authorityName="Duncan" authorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenosmilia variabilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="variabilis">Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan, 1873</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. A, B Heterocyathus alternatus (ORI _ DIIIe 1 _ 1, locality data unknown) A calicular view B lateral view C, D Heterocyathus monileseptatum sp. nov. (SAM _ H 1431, off Durban Harbour, 99 m) C calicular view D lateral view E, F Heterocyathus sulcatus (SAMC _ A 073123, off Shaka's Rock, 100 - 105 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H Labyrinthocyathus delicatus (SAM _ H 2836, off East London, 146 - 238 m) G calicular view H lateral view I, K Monohedotrochus capensis comb. nov. I, J (SAMC _ A 088924, off Kidds Beach, 247 - 147 m) I calicular view J lateral view K (SAM _ H 3210, off Scottburgh, 690 m) calicular view L, M Polycyathus sp. (USNM 91677, off Port Dunford, 69 m) L calicular view M full view N, O Rhizosmilia robusta (USNM 91689, off Kosi Bay Estuary, 74 m) N calicular view O lateral view P Solenosmilia variabilis (SAM _ H 3158, off Cintsa, 630 m) P full view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-G, I-O); 100 mm (H, P)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604107" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 4P</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duncan" authorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenosmilia variabilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="variabilis">Solenosmilia variabilis</taxonomicName>
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Duncan, 1873: 328, pl. 42, figs 11-18
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<bibRefCitation author="Pourtales, L de" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="197 - 212" refId="B226" refString="Pourtales, L de, 1878. Report on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the U.S. Margin Survey Steamer Blake. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard) 5 (9): 197 - 212" title="Report on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the U. S. Margin Survey Steamer Blake." volume="5" year="1878">
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. -
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pourtalès">Pourtales</normalizedToken>
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1878
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 206. pl. 1, figs 1-3
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<bibRefCitation author="Pourtales, L de" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard)" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 120" refId="B227" refString="Pourtales, L de, 1880. Reports on the results of dredgings, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Caribbean Sea, 1878-1879, by the U.S. Margin Survey Steamer Blake. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology (Harvard) 6 (4): 95 - 120" title="Reports on the results of dredgings, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Caribbean Sea, 1878 - 1879, by the U. S. Margin Survey Steamer Blake." volume="6" year="1880">
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. -
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pourtalès">Pourtales</normalizedToken>
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1880
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 108. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Moseley, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 248" refId="B196" refString="Moseley, H, 1881. Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage H.M.S. Challenger, in the years 1873-1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Zoology 2: 1 - 248" title="Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage H. M. S. Challenger, in the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76." volume="2" year="1881">Moseley 1881</bibRefCitation>
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: 181, pl. 9, figs 1-5. -von Marenzeller 1904: 310-311, pl. 15, figs 4, 4A. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="767 - 784" refId="B331" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1974a. Caryophyllia sarsiae n. sp. and other recent deep-water Caryophyllia (Scleractina) previously referred to little-known fossil species (C. arcuata, C. cylindracea). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 54 (4): 767 - 784" title="Caryophyllia sarsiae n. sp. and other recent deep-water Caryophyllia (Scleractina) previously referred to little-known fossil species (C. arcuata, C. cylindracea)." volume="54" year="1974 a">Zibrowius 1974a</bibRefCitation>
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: 768-769. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Gravier, C" journalOrPublisher="Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques Accomplies sur son Yacht par Albert I, Prince Souverain de Monaco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B114" refString="Gravier, C, 1920. Madreporaires provenant des campagnes des yachts Princesse - Alice et Hirondelle II (1893-1913). Resultats des Campagnes Scientifiques Accomplies sur son Yacht par Albert I, Prince Souverain de Monaco 55: 1 - 123" title="Madreporaires provenant des campagnes des yachts Princesse - Alice et Hirondelle II (1893 - 1913)." volume="55" year="1920">Gravier 1920</bibRefCitation>
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: 94-96, pl. 9, figs 153-156
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<bibRefCitation author="Hoffmeister, J" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B130" refString="Hoffmeister, J, 1933. Report on the deep-sea corals obtained by F.I.S. Endeavour on the margins of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. Zoological and Biological Results of the Fishing Experiments carried out by F.I.S. "Endeavour" 1909-14 6(1): 1-16." title="Report on the deep-sea corals obtained by F. I. S. Endeavour on the margins of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. Zoological and Biological Results of the Fishing Experiments carried out by F. I. S. " Endeavour " 1909 - 14 6 (1): 1 - 16." year="1933">. -Hoffmeister 1933</bibRefCitation>
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: 14, pl. 4, fig. 7. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Gardiner, J" journalOrPublisher="Scientific Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B105" refString="Gardiner, J, Waugh, P, 1939. Madreporaria excluding Flabellidae and Turbinolidae. Scientific Reports of the John Murray Expedition 1933-34 6(5): 225-242." title="Madreporaria excluding Flabellidae and Turbinolidae. Scientific Reports of the John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34 6 (5): 225 - 242." year="1939">Gardiner and Waugh 1939</bibRefCitation>
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: 229-230. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 341" refId="B30" refString="Cairns, S, 1979. The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 57 (1): 1 - 341" title="The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters." volume="57" year="1979">Cairns 1979</bibRefCitation>
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: 136-138, pl. 26, figs 2-4. -
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<bibRefCitation author="Zibrowius, H" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B337" refString="Zibrowius, H, 1980. Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Memoires de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco" title="Les Scleractiniaires de la Mediterranee et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental." year="1980">Zibrowius 1980</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 143-145, pl. 75, figs A-N.- Scheer and Pallai 1983: 160
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Monograph Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 82" refId="B52" refString="Cairns, S, Parker, S, 1992. Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum. Monograph Series 3: 1 - 82" title="Review of the Recent Scleractinia of South Australia, Victoria, and Tasmania. Records of the South Australian Museum." volume="3" year="1992">. -Cairns and Parker 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 29-30, pl. 8, figs D, E.-
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 250, fig. 6D
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Australian Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="259 - 329" refId="B45" refString="Cairns, S, 2004a. The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 56: 259 - 329" title="The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia." volume="56" year="2004 a">. -Cairns 2004a</bibRefCitation>
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: 284.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenosmilia jeffreyi" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="jeffreyi">Solenosmilia jeffreyi</taxonomicName>
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Alcock, 1898: 27-28, pl. 3, fig. 3, 3A, B.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Off Spain (HMS '
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<taxonomicName class="Echinoidea" genus="Porcupine" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Porcupine" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Porcupine</taxonomicName>
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' stns. 17 and 32:
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<geoCoordinate degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="39.7">39°42'00"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="west" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-9.716666">9°43'00"W</geoCoordinate>
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and
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<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="35.683334">35°41'00"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="west" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-7.133333">7°08'00"W</geoCoordinate>
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, respectively); 1190-2003 m (
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<bibRefCitation author="Duncan, P" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="303 - 344" refId="B71" refString="Duncan, P, 1873. A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expeditions of H. M. S. Porcupine in 1869 and 1870, part 1. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London 8 (5): 303 - 344" title="A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expeditions of H. M. S. Porcupine in 1869 and 1870, part 1." volume="8" year="1873">Duncan 1873</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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The syntype is deposited at the NHMUK (
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<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 341" refId="B30" refString="Cairns, S, 1979. The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 57 (1): 1 - 341" title="The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters." volume="57" year="1979">Cairns 1979</bibRefCitation>
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, 2004a).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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DSCS-INV 122 (1 fragment): Southern margin,
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<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="km" value="240.0">240 km</quantity>
|
||
from Agulhas/
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="km" value="247.0">247 km</quantity>
|
||
off De Mond-Heuningnes Estuary,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="34.13" value="-36.75948">36°45'34.13"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="46.61" value="21.212948">21°12'46.61"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
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||
<specimenCount type="generic">
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.13" unit="m" value="513.0">513 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="622" latitude="-36.727814" location="Cape St." longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.148186" specimenCount="622">
|
||
SAMC_A088916 (1 fragment): Southern margin,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="km" value="280.0">280 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69:335DDD396B5201BBB8075F8460CDD4C2" latitude="-36.727814" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.148186" name="Cape St.">Cape St.</location>
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||
Francis/
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.87" unit="km" value="287.0">287 km</quantity>
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||
off Slang Estuary,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.13" value="-36.727814">36°43'40.13"S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="25" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.47" value="25.148186">25°08'53.47"E</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
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||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.22" unit="m" value="622.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.22" unit="m" value="622.0">622 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
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||
.
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||
</specimenCount>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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SAMC_A090142 (1 fragment): Southern margin,
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||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="km" value="240.0">240 km</quantity>
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||
from Agulhas/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="km" value="247.0">247 km</quantity>
|
||
off De Mond-Heuningnes Estuary,
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||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="34.13" value="-36.75948">36°45'34.13"S</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="46.61" value="21.212948">21°12'46.61"E</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.13" unit="m" value="513.0">513 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="520" latitude="-36.79327" location="Cape St." longLatPrecision="1" longitude="24.643248" specimenCount="520">
|
||
SAMC_A090143 (1 fragment): Southern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.87" unit="km" value="287.0">287 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69:D2F8325966DD010AF5B959118B1C95D9" latitude="-36.79327" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="24.643248" name="Cape St.">Cape St.</location>
|
||
Francis/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" unit="km" value="291.0">291 km</quantity>
|
||
off Slang Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="35.77" value="-36.79327">36°47'35.77"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.69" value="24.643248">24°38'35.69"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" unit="m" value="520.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.2" unit="m" value="520.0">520 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="747" latitude="-33.024998" location="East London" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.916666" specimenCount="928">
|
||
SAM_H1397 (1 fragment): Southern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69:AE72D42DA00F3A7A72A04A1E79CD67EB" latitude="-33.024998" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.916666" name="East London">East London</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
off Buffalo Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="29.99" value="-33.024998">33°01'29.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="27.916666">27°55'00.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.47" metricValueMax="9.28" metricValueMin="5.66" unit="m" value="747.0" valueMax="928.0" valueMin="566.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.47" metricValueMax="9.28" metricValueMin="5.66" unit="m" value="747.0" valueMax="928.0" valueMin="566.0">566-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">928 m.</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
SAM_H2807 (1fragment): Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cape Vidal/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
|
||
off St Lucia Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="04.99" value="-27.98472">27°59'04.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="08.00" value="32.66889">32°40'08.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
SAM_H2840 (14 fragments): Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="km" value="19.0">19 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cape Vidal/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
|
||
off St Lucia Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.00" value="-27.991667">27°59'30.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="32.666668">32°40'00.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="900" latitude="-30.719997" location="Port Shepstone" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.81333" specimenCount="900">
|
||
SAM_H3034 (13 fragments): Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="km" value="36.0">36 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69:728EF2EABBD45C3649E2E54E634EB2DF" latitude="-30.719997" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.81333" name="Port Shepstone">Port Shepstone</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" unit="km" value="49.0">49 km</quantity>
|
||
off Mtentu Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.99" value="-30.719997">30°43'11.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="47.99" value="30.81333">30°48'47.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="900.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="930" latitude="-30.81833" location="Port Shepstone" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.583332" specimenCount="930">
|
||
SAM_H3035 (10 fragments): Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" unit="km" value="16.0">16 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69:6A52BB93471B8ED3333B2D77D1310BA7" latitude="-30.81833" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.583332" name="Port Shepstone">Port Shepstone</location>
|
||
/off Boboyi Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="05.99" value="-30.81833">30°49'05.99"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="59.99" value="30.583332">30°34'59.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="m" value="930.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" unit="m" value="930.0">930 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="780" latitude="-30.716667" location="Port Shepstone" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.81333" specimenCount="780">
|
||
SAM_H3036 (21 fragments): Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" unit="km" value="36.0">36 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69:C348D84CA356A5DAD5DEEC19521E53E1" latitude="-30.716667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="30.81333" name="Port Shepstone">Port Shepstone</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" unit="km" value="28.0">28 km</quantity>
|
||
off Mhlabatshane Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-30.716667">30°43'00.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="47.99" value="30.81333">30°48'47.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" unit="m" value="780.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" unit="m" value="780.0">780 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SAM_H3037 (1 fragment)</emphasis>
|
||
: Eastern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
|
||
from Margate/off Boboyi Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="-30.89">30°53'24.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="30" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.99" value="30.52833">30°31'41.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" unit="m" value="850.0">850 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
SAM_H3140 (17 fragments): Southern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="km" value="26.0">26 km</quantity>
|
||
from Kidds Beach/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" unit="km" value="27.0">27 km</quantity>
|
||
off Ncera Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="36.00" value="-33.326664">33°19'36.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="23.99" value="27.873331">27°52'23.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.6" unit="m" value="760.0">760 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="743" latitude="-32.476665" location="Mazeppa Bay" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.980001" specimenCount="775">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SAM_H3141 (13 fragments)</emphasis>
|
||
: Southern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" unit="km" value="32.0">32 km</quantity>
|
||
off
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69:79EAF979D3478228C40BCF794B830D4A" latitude="-32.476665" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="28.980001" name="Mazeppa Bay">Mazeppa Bay</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="km" value="24.0">24 km</quantity>
|
||
off Kobole Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="36.00" value="-32.476665">32°28'36.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.00" value="28.980001">28°58'48.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.425" metricValueMax="7.75" metricValueMin="7.1" unit="m" value="742.5" valueMax="775.0" valueMin="710.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.425" metricValueMax="7.75" metricValueMin="7.1" unit="m" value="742.5" valueMax="775.0" valueMin="710.0">710-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">775 m.</specimenCount>
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
SAM_H3142 (3 fragments): Southern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="km" value="22.0">22 km</quantity>
|
||
from Gonubie/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="km" value="21.0">21 km</quantity>
|
||
off Gqunube Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-33.1">33°06'00.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.99" value="28.13833">28°08'17.99"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; 700-
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="m" value="650.0">650 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">SAM_H3158 (38 fragments)</emphasis>
|
||
: Southern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="40.0">40 km</quantity>
|
||
from Cintsa/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" unit="km" value="29.0">29 km</quantity>
|
||
off Cwili Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="-32.916668">32°55'00.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="28" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.00" value="28.516666">28°31'00.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" unit="m" value="630.0">630 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="86" latitude="-33.65667" location="Port Alfred" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.195" specimenCount="86">
|
||
SAM_H3179 (1 fragment): Southern margin,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="km" value="31.0">31 km</quantity>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E51E3A9A73B61C6F0DBC77578F39BB69:4068A7D52AB195BB61DABA67C7892935" latitude="-33.65667" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="27.195" name="Port Alfred">Port Alfred</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||
off Kleinemond (Oos) Estuary,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="33" direction="south" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="24.00" value="-33.65667">33°39'24.00"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="27" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="42.00" value="27.195">27°11'42.00"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount type="generic">
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="m" value="86.0">
|
||
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" unit="m" value="86.0">86 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Corallum bushy achieved by intra-tentacular budding. Budding dichotomous. Calice rarely exceeds 6 mm in CD. Coenosteum completely smooth or granular. Costae ridged, with granules arranged in a longitudinal manner. Corallum white and sometimes light brown.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Septa hexamerally arranged in three or four cycles according to the formula: S1> S2> S3> S4. S1 highly exsert and extend deep into fossa with straight axial margins. S2 less exsert and 1/3 the width of S1, but otherwise similar in profile. S3 not exsert and forms in upper fossa, appearing rudimentary. S4 usually absent, but when present has dentate or laciniate axial margin. Septal faces bear tall and slender granules. Tabular endothecal dissepiments common and widespread. Columella usually absent, but some corallites have a small spongy columella deep in fossa.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Regional: Southern to eastern margin of South Africa, off Cape St. Francis extending towards Cape Vidal; 86-930 m. Elsewhere: Cosmopolitan, except from the continental Antarctica; 220-2165 m.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Together with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Madrepora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Madrepora oculata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="oculata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Madrepora oculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1849" authorityName="Milne-Edwards & Haime" authorityYear="1849" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Lophelia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lophelia pertusa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pertusa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lophelia pertusa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1902" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Goniocorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniocorella dumosa" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="dumosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Goniocorella dumosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Duncan" authorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenosmilia variabilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solenosmilia variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is one of the most studied framework-building coral species. The equal distomedial budding in
|
||
<taxonomicName genus="S." lsidName="S. variabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
makes it easily distinguishable from the other deep-water framework-building species.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Duncan" authorityYear="1873" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Solenosmilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Solenosmilia variabilis" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solenosmilia variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first reported from South Africa off the Agulhas region (von
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Marenzeller, von E" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Kaiserlich-Koeniglichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B177" refString="Marenzeller, von E, 1904a. Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898-1899 7(3): 261-318." title="Steinkorallen. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899 7 (3): 261 - 318." year="1904 a">Marenzeller 1904a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Subsequently,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
documented its northward regional distribution to off Durban. Part of the examined material includes sub-samples (SAM_H3037, SAM_H3141, and SAM_H3158) of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">
|
||
Cairns and
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Keller’s">Keller's</normalizedToken>
|
||
(1993)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
records, all of which are broken fragments. Therefore, details on the size of the base and end branches are not included in the description. Nevertheless,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 341" refId="B30" refString="Cairns, S, 1979. The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters. Studies on the fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands 57 (1): 1 - 341" title="The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean Sea and adjacent waters." volume="57" year="1979">Cairns (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provides a more detailed description of these features.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |