262 lines
35 KiB
XML
262 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="FFB43856B7A50DFCBC84A4E03F39E8D5" ID-DOI="10.5070/P940561331" ID-ISSN="0031-0298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913477" ID-ZooBank="1756B24A-813B-423F-896F-91B21FF58A79" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1712169731283" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hickman, Carole S." docDate="2023" docId="C23987DDFFEE2925FC0CF905EBC0BE62" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.40.5.1-51.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 40 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p940561331" docStyle="DocumentStyle:76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81.1:PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Bathyisognomon smithwickensis Hickman 2023, N. SP." docType="treatment" docUuid="3E81A342-9A89-4CBD-8A0B-B84164CA2CB0" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="24" masterDocId="3E00FFA5FFF8293CFF9FFFA4EE04BD6F" masterDocTitle="Paleogene marine bivalves of the deep-water Keasey Formation in Oregon, Part II: The pteriomorphs" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="21" updateTime="1712170163329" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7929E6E75E8041EE5E967A0FE2C36EF0">
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<mods:title id="2CD538C5952B4A61156E676C887905CA">Paleogene marine bivalves of the deep-water Keasey Formation in Oregon, Part II: The pteriomorphs</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FC3E7E8343A2A7091DC07C45AC57316C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="7ECC03E6C175EF62436CC5CB858D3BDE">Hickman, Carole S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="29704794F05F9A3846079D322156C1CE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6BB855B876E1CEC214EAB31881E5A712">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4187166847C45905ACDEC33B8DAEA19F">
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<mods:date id="860477081419997629CB466A3A48CFEC">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ABEA2050DE7A45CF494CE5F03882C4BA">2023-06-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BD4632753B129F19B52F0EC8B849A3AC">40</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DD25921B332863622DD5FC26E4668761">5</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="16382058924A0514E4DE23BA73F4DCAC">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="850D467B9171F82750984776F6C38671">51</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="660AD7AE1BFA64819937223A91670CFE">http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p940561331</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="7C0695DB79B554F5ED59BDD72196DDC5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="26DDC6E72F9B8C9BE1AFC8970617D288" type="DOI">10.5070/P940561331</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="98F3BD027324D67D59921118DC2B07D7" type="ISSN">0031-0298</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="31563DECC1CF47A175765B956726E50A" type="Zenodo-Dep">10913477</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7C975294E018827539DDD755B07B046F" type="ZooBank">1756B24A-813B-423F-896F-91B21FF58A79</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="C23987DDFFEE2925FC0CF905EBC0BE62" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:3E81A342-9A89-4CBD-8A0B-B84164CA2CB0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C23987DDFFEE2925FC0CF905EBC0BE62" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
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<subSubSection id="028A6540FFEE292AFC0CF905EB9ABBD3" box="[915,1438,1697,1725]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEE292AFC0CF905EB9ABBD3" blockId="22.[915,1438,1697,1756]" box="[915,1438,1697,1725]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
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<heading id="116781A7FFEE292AFC0CF905EB9ABBD3" allCaps="true" box="[915,1438,1697,1725]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFEE292AFC0CF905EB5BBBD2" ID-CoL="BJ36P" authority="Hickman, 2023" authorityName="Hickman" authorityYear="2023" box="[915,1375,1697,1725]" class="Bivalvia" family="Isognomonidae" genus="Bathyisognomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="smithwickensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEE292AFC0CF905EB5BBBD2" box="[915,1375,1697,1725]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">BATHYISOGNOMON SMITHWICKENSIS</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="63D757A2FFEE292AFAFAF901EB9ABBD3" box="[1381,1438,1700,1724]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" rank="species">N. SP.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="028A6540FFEE292AFBB3F960EB07BBB3" box="[1068,1283,1732,1756]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEE292AFBB3F960EB07BBB3" blockId="22.[915,1438,1697,1756]" box="[1068,1283,1732,1756]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
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||
<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFEE292AFBB3F960EAB4BBB3" box="[1068,1200,1732,1756]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[111,186,1513,1537]" captionTargetBox="[123,1496,189,1492]" captionTargetId="figure-159@23.[123,1496,189,1492]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Bathyisognomon smithwickensis n. sp. A–C. Right valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits, double-valved holotype, UCMP 110744. D–F. Right valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits, double valved paratype, UCMP 110745. Scale bars=5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913505" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913505/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">FIGS. 12A–F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFEE292AFB25F960EB07BBB3" box="[1210,1283,1732,1756]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="24.[114,189,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[111,799,1312,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-422@24.[111,799,1312,1818]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 13. Bathyisognomon smithwickensis? Right valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits on large, incomplete specimen from Loc. LACM IP5806. Scale bar=5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913507/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">13A–C</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="028A6540FFEE292AFCDFF957EAF0BA17" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEE292AFCDFF957EA04BA45" blockId="22.[832,1479,1777,1834]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
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||
<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFEE292AFCDFF957EBA5BA62" authority="(Effinger, 1938) Squires (1989)" authorityName="Squires" authorityYear="1989" baseAuthorityName="Effinger" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[832,1441,1777,1807]" class="Bivalvia" family="Isognomonidae" genus="Isognomon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clarki">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEE292AFCDFF957EA10BA62" box="[832,1044,1777,1807]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">Isognomon clarki</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="2E014B3AFFEE292AFBBDF956EAD0BA63" author="Effinger, W. L." box="[1058,1236,1778,1804]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" pagination="355 - 390" refId="ref29720" refString="Effinger, W. L. 1938. The Gries Ranch fauna (Oligocene) of Western Washington. Journal of Paleontology 12 (4): 355 - 390." type="journal article" year="1938">Effinger, 1938</bibRefCitation>
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) Squires (1989)
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</taxonomicName>
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, in part, p. 279.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEE292AFCFFF898EAF0BA17" blockId="22.[832,1520,1852,1947]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEE292AFCFFF898EA11BA39" bold="true" box="[864,1045,1852,1878]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
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Zoobank
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<collectionCode id="2C81AE0EFFEE292AFC47F898EA11BA39" box="[984,1045,1852,1878]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">LSID</collectionCode>
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</emphasis>
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—
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<uri id="3E013AC9FFEE292AFBAAF898EAF0BA17" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="3E360C1EFFEE292AFAFCF898EAF0BA17" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">3E81A342- 9A89-4CBD-8A0B-B84164CA2CB0</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="028A6540FFEE292BFCFFF824EF1CBB12" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="22" pageNumber="21" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEE292AFCFFF824EBF4BAF5" blockId="22.[832,1520,1852,1947]" box="[864,1520,1920,1947]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEE292AFCFFF824EDE0BAF5" bold="true" box="[864,996,1920,1946]" pageId="22" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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—Same as diagnosis of the genus, which
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="1EEF6643FFEF292BFFF0FA4DEC85BB59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913505" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913505" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913505/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" startId="23.[111,186,1513,1537]" targetBox="[123,1496,189,1492]" targetPageId="23" targetType="figure">
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEF292BFFF0FA4DEC85BB59" blockId="23.[111,1479,1513,1591]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEF292BFFF0FA4DEED9BB6E" bold="true" box="[111,221,1513,1537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Figure 12</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFEF292BFF77FA4FEC39BB6C" authority="Hickman, 2023" authorityName="Hickman" authorityYear="2023" box="[232,573,1515,1539]" class="Bivalvia" family="Isognomonidae" genus="Bathyisognomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="smithwickensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEF292BFF77FA4FEC39BB6C" box="[232,573,1515,1539]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Bathyisognomon smithwickensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="63D757A2FFEF292BFDDCFA4EEC7FBB6E" box="[579,635,1514,1537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEF292BFD1EFA4DECA8BB6E" bold="true" box="[641,684,1513,1537]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">A–C</emphasis>
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. Right valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits, double-valved holotype, UCMP 110744.
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEF292BFD80F9A0EC4FBB73" bold="true" box="[543,587,1540,1564]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">D–F</emphasis>
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. Right valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits, double valved paratype, UCMP 110745. Scale bars=5 cm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEF292BFFEFF9C7EF1CBB12" blockId="23.[112,800,1635,1939]" box="[112,280,1635,1661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">is monotypic.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="028A6540FFEF292BFF0FF920EF18BAFD" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEF292BFF0FF920EF18BAFD" blockId="23.[112,800,1635,1939]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEF292BFF0FF920EF2ABBF1" bold="true" box="[144,302,1668,1694]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Description</emphasis>
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—The hinge line is slightly arcuate and there is no distinct posterior wing or auricle. The beaks are produced, forming a narrowly acute angle (40–50°). There is a sharp anterior byssal indentation beneath the beaks followed by a nearly straight anterior shell margin. The posterior and ventral margins are evenly rounded posterior to the hinge line. The ratio of height to length=0.7.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="028A6540FFEF2924FCFFF9C7EC43BE60" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFEF2924FCFFF9C7EC08BC4D" blockId="23.[832,1520,1635,1941]" lastBlockId="24.[112,800,195,1277]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFEF292BFCFFF9C7EDF5BB12" bold="true" box="[864,1009,1635,1661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">Discussion</emphasis>
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—The description of this species is necessarily broad and subject to qualification based on additional specimens and better preservation of the outer calcitic shell and ornamentation that are not present in the
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<typeStatus id="952B8869FFEF292BFCF3F954EDA7BA65" box="[876,931,1776,1802]" pageId="23" pageNumber="22">type</typeStatus>
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material. The thickness of the interior aragonitic shell is unknown due to exfoliation of individual layers, which is common in fossil isognomonids with disintegration of the organic layers separating successive thin nacreous increments. This phenomenon is illustrated here (
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<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFE02924FFE6FF67EF01BDB2" box="[121,261,195,221]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="24.[833,908,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[841,1512,1020,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-455@24.[841,1512,1020,1821]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 14. Unidentified isognomonid shell with successive nested nacreous layers separated by diagenetic loss of organic shell layers, unidentified species, Miocene of Maryland, Loc. UCMP B-5162. Scale bar=1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913509" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913509/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 14A–C</figureCitation>
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) in a set of stacked layers of isognomonid nacre (
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<collectionCode id="2C81AE0EFFE02924FF5EFF42EF15BC6F" box="[193,273,230,256]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2fxn-eays" name="University of California Museum of Paleontology" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="University or college">UCMP</collectionCode>
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B-5162) from Miocene strata of the Calvert Cliffs, Chesapeake Bay,
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<collectingRegion id="8854F829FFE02924FE11FEACEC0CBC4D" box="[398,520,264,290]" country="United States of America" name="Maryland" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Maryland</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FF0FFE88EC43BE60" blockId="24.[112,800,195,1277]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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Squires (1989) conservatively assigned all isognomonid specimens from the Eocene of
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<collectingRegion id="8854F829FFE02924FD95FEEBEC80BC06" box="[522,644,335,361]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">California</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="8854F829FFE02924FD12FEEBECEDBC06" box="[653,745,335,361]" country="United States of America" name="Oregon" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Oregon</collectingRegion>
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, and
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<collectingRegion id="8854F829FFE02924FFEFFED6EF01BCE3" box="[112,261,370,396]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Washington</collectingRegion>
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to
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<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFE02924FEB2FED6EC05BCE2" authorityName="Squires" authorityYear="1989" baseAuthorityName="Effinger" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[301,513,369,398]" class="Bivalvia" family="Isognomonidae" genus="Isognomon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="clarki">
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||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FEB2FED6EC05BCE2" box="[301,513,369,398]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Isognomon clarki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, considering it a single highly variable species with preservation inadequate for morphological separation. Specimens described as
|
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<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFE02924FFEFFE78EEF3BC97" authority="Hickman, 2023" authorityName="Hickman" authorityYear="2023" box="[112,247,476,504]" class="Bivalvia" family="Isognomonidae" genus="Isognomon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="n. sp.">
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||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FFEFFE78EEF3BC97" box="[112,247,476,504]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Isognomon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="63D757A2FFE02924FF60FE78EF44BC99" box="[255,320,476,502]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
? by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="2E014B3AFFE02924FEE3FE78EC2ABC99" author="Givens, C. R." box="[380,558,476,502]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref30049" refString="Givens, C. R. 1974. Eocene molluscan biostratigraphy of the Pine Mountain area, Ventura County, California. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 109: 1 - 107, pls. 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1974">Givens (1974)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from older Eocene strata of the Juncal Formation in
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<collectingRegion id="8854F829FFE02924FD81FE5BEC9DBF76" box="[542,665,511,537]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">California</collectingRegion>
|
||
(Loc.
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<collectionCode id="2C81AE0EFFE02924FD75FE5BED24BF76" box="[746,800,511,537]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15736" name="University of California" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="Herbarium">UCR</collectionCode>
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4752) have a similar mytiliform shape but are proportionally wider and less long than the new Keasey species and come from a calcareous sandy conglomerate lens in a shallower depositional facies. Word-of-mouth references to Keasey specimens in private collections from the Smithwick Quarry could not be confirmed, and access to the abandoned site is now prohibited.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="028A6540FFE02924FF0FFCBDEF84B946" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FF0FFCBDEF84B946" blockId="24.[112,800,195,1277]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
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<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FF0FFCBDEF1ABE5C" bold="true" box="[144,286,793,819]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
—The name refers to the now abandoned Smithwick Concrete Products Haydite Quarry, commercial source for manufacture of lite-rock, a mid-20
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<superScript id="BDE59B83FFE02924FC91FCFAED24BE1E" attach="none" box="[782,800,862,881]" fontSize="8" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">th</superScript>
|
||
century strong, lightweight aggregate material used in dam and bridge construction. Large quantities of volcanic ash in the massive tuffaceous siltstone beds at the Smithwick and Empire Quarries produced a composite of exceptional quality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="028A6540FFE02925FF0FFB96EBC0BE62" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FF0FFB96EF5CB9B6" blockId="24.[112,800,195,1277]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FF0FFB96EF8DB923" bold="true" box="[144,393,1074,1100]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
—The description is based on the two double-valved
|
||
<typeStatus id="952B8869FFE02924FEFFFBF2EF93B91F" box="[352,407,1110,1136]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFE02924FDABFBF1ECCFB900" box="[564,715,1109,1135]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="23.[111,186,1513,1537]" captionTargetBox="[123,1496,189,1492]" captionTargetId="figure-159@23.[123,1496,189,1492]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="Figure 12. Bathyisognomon smithwickensis n. sp. A–C. Right valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits, double-valved holotype, UCMP 110744. D–F. Right valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits, double valved paratype, UCMP 110745. Scale bars=5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913505" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913505/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Figs. 12A–F</figureCitation>
|
||
) and a tentatively-assigned large, double-valved partial specimen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFE02924FF2AFB38EF3BB9D9" box="[181,319,1180,1206]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="24.[114,189,1841,1865]" captionTargetBox="[111,799,1312,1818]" captionTargetId="figure-422@24.[111,799,1312,1818]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figure 13. Bathyisognomon smithwickensis? Right valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits on large, incomplete specimen from Loc. LACM IP5806. Scale bar=5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913507/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 13A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
) from the upper middle member of the Keasey Formation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FF0FFB46ED24B993" blockId="24.[112,800,195,1277]" box="[144,800,1250,1277]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FAF83C96FFE02924FF0FFB46ED24B993" box="[144,800,1250,1277]" collectionCode="UCMP" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="UCMP 110744" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FF0FFB46EF0DB993" bold="true" box="[144,265,1250,1276]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<typeStatus id="952B8869FFE02924FF0FFB46EF0DB993" box="[144,265,1250,1276]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<specimenCode id="1A369EB0FFE02924FEBAFB46EFD3B993" box="[293,471,1250,1276]" collectionCode="UCMP" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2fxn-eays" name="University of California Museum of Paleontology" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="University or college">UCMP 110744</specimenCode>
|
||
, length 10.2 mm, height 8.6
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FCDEFF61EA6FBDB1" blockId="24.[833,1522,196,399]" box="[833,1131,196,223]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
mm. Loc.
|
||
<collectionCode id="2C81AE0EFFE02924FC28FF60EA07BDB1" box="[951,1027,196,222]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2fxn-eays" name="University of California Museum of Paleontology" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="University or college">UCMP</collectionCode>
|
||
IP7984.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FCFEFF4CEA6FBC4A" blockId="24.[833,1522,196,399]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FAF83C96FFE02924FCFEFF4CEAA9BC6D" box="[865,1197,231,258]" collectionCode="UCMP" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="UCMP 110745" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FCFEFF4CEDDEBC6D" bold="true" box="[865,986,232,258]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<typeStatus id="952B8869FFE02924FCFEFF4CEDDEBC6D" box="[865,986,232,258]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—
|
||
<specimenCode id="1A369EB0FFE02924FC69FF4CEAA9BC6D" box="[1014,1197,231,258]" collectionCode="UCMP" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2fxn-eays" name="University of California Museum of Paleontology" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="University or college">UCMP 110745</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
, length 7.1 mm, height 5.0 mm. Loc.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="FAF83C96FFE02924FC28FEAFEA63BC4A" box="[951,1127,267,293]" collectionCode="UCMP" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" specimenCode="IP7984" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="2C81AE0EFFE02924FC28FEAFEA07BC4A" box="[951,1027,267,293]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2fxn-eays" name="University of California Museum of Paleontology" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="University or college">UCMP</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="1A369EB0FFE02924FB95FEAFEA63BC4A" box="[1034,1127,267,293]" collectionCode="UCMP" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2fxn-eays" name="University of California Museum of Paleontology" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="University or college">IP7984</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FCFEFE8AEBB3BC03" blockId="24.[833,1522,196,399]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FCFEFE8AEA7ABC27" bold="true" box="[865,1150,302,328]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Tentatively-assigned</emphasis>
|
||
—Loc. LACMIP 5806, length (incomplete) 6.5 mm, height (incomplete) 7.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FCFEFED0EBF6BCE1" blockId="24.[833,1522,196,399]" box="[865,1522,372,399]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FCFEFED0EA22BCE1" bold="true" box="[865,1062,372,398]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Type locality—</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="2C81AE0EFFE02924FBB9FED0EA75BCE1" box="[1062,1137,372,398]" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2fxn-eays" name="University of California Museum of Paleontology" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" type="University or college">UCMP</collectionCode>
|
||
IP7984. Upper middle member.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FC67FE08EB64BC9F" blockId="24.[978,1376,428,498]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFE02924FC67FE08EB64BC9F" authority="J. E. GRAY, 1854 PECTINOIDEA RAFINESQUE, 1815" authorityName="J. E. GRAY, 1854 PECTINOIDEA RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1815" class="Bivalvia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinida" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="order">
|
||
PECTINIDA J.E.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2E014B3AFFE02924FB23FE16EB3DBCA5" author="Gray, J. E." box="[1212,1337,434,458]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" pagination="408 - 418" refId="ref30366" refString="Gray, J. E. 1854. A revision of the arrangement of the families of bivalve shells (Conchifera). The Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 2) 13 (77): 408 - 418." type="journal article" year="1854">GRAY, 1854</bibRefCitation>
|
||
PECTINOIDEA RAFINESQUE, 1815
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02925FCFEFDA7EC0FBC28" blockId="24.[833,1522,515,992]" lastBlockId="25.[112,800,195,362]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
The ancient order
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFE02924FBD5FDA7EAD8BF72" box="[1098,1244,515,541]" order="Pectinoidea" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" rank="order">Pectinoidea</taxonomicName>
|
||
originated in the Carboniferous. Two of the major clades recognized by Waller (1978, 1991, 2006) are represented in the Keasey Formation. Both appeared in the Middle Triassic. The pectinids are here recognized as having a ctenolium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFE02924FAFCFD28EBCABFC8" box="[1379,1486,652,679]" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="26.[111,186,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[111,1518,1336,1834]" captionTargetId="figure-523@26.[111,1518,1336,1834]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figure 16. Delectopecten vancouverensis (Whiteaves, 1893), North Pacific live-collected, articulated representative of the type spe- cies of Delectopecten. SBMNH 130085. A. Left valve. B. Right valve. C. Enlargement of byssal notch with ctenolium (yellow circle). Scale bars=1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913515" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913515/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
|
||
), a feature that is absent in propeamussiids. However, the ctenolium is variable in its morphological expression and may have arisen multiple times as a series very fine denticles along the ventral margin of byssal notch, serving functionally to separate fine byssal threads and increase attachment stability. Pectinoidean family-group relationships remain unresolved, and molecular data further suggest that propeamussiids are not monophyletic (Smedley et al. 2019). While supraspecific allocation of the Keasey taxa is necessarily provisional, intensive collecting has yielded well-preserved specimens that are morphologically distinct and assignable to family-group shell morphotypes and ecotypes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1EEF6643FFE02924FFEDF895EEDABAF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913507" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913507" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913507/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" startId="24.[114,189,1841,1865]" targetBox="[111,799,1312,1818]" targetPageId="24" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FFEDF895ECEDBA0B" blockId="24.[114,768,1841,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FFEDF895EEE4BA26" bold="true" box="[114,224,1841,1865]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Figure 13</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFE02924FF74F897EC8FBA26" authority="? Right" authorityName="Right" box="[235,651,1841,1867]" class="Bivalvia" family="Isognomonidae" genus="Bathyisognomon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="smithwickensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FF74F897EC44BA24" box="[235,576,1843,1867]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Bathyisognomon smithwickensis</emphasis>
|
||
? Right
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
valve exterior, left valve exterior, and exterior view of ligament pits
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="1EEF6643FFE02924FCDEF895EA89BAF6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913509" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913509" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913509/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="23" startId="24.[833,908,1841,1865]" targetBox="[841,1512,1020,1818]" targetPageId="24" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FCDEF895EA89BAF6" blockId="24.[833,1502,1841,1946]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE02924FCDEF895EDB4BA26" bold="true" box="[833,944,1841,1865]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">Figure 14</emphasis>
|
||
. Unidentified isognomonid shell with successive nested nacreous layers separated by diagenetic loss of organic shell layers, unidentified species, Miocene of Maryland, Loc. UCMP B-5162. Scale bar=1 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE02924FFEDF8C3EEDABAF6" blockId="24.[114,768,1841,1945]" pageId="24" pageNumber="23">on large, incomplete specimen from Loc. LACM IP5806. Scale bar=5 cm.</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE12925FF0FFEEBECEABC05" blockId="25.[112,800,195,362]" box="[144,750,335,362]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE12925FF0FFEEBEF90BC05" bold="true" box="[144,404,335,362]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Stratigraphic range</emphasis>
|
||
—Carboniferous–Holocene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE12925FE94FE2FEC81BCC7" blockId="25.[267,645,395,426]" box="[267,645,395,426]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D904D48FFE12925FE94FE2FEC81BCC7" authority="RAFINESQUE, 1815" authorityName="RAFINESQUE" authorityYear="1815" box="[267,645,395,426]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pectinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinida" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">PECTINIDAE RAFINESQUE, 1815</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE12925FF0FFE1FED95BF85" blockId="25.[112,800,443,886]" lastBlockId="25.[832,1520,195,782]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
Pectinids are the best known of the pteriomorph bivalves. Commonly known as scallops, the family includes many living and fossil species in cosmopolitan genera. Shell microstructure and mineralogy and the prismatic or foliated calcite of exterior microsculpture are often exceptionally well preserved in fossil pectinids, and the abundance and short stratigraphic ranges of many species have made them especially important in Cenozoic biostratigraphic zonation and correlation. The fossil record of Northeastern Pacific pectinids is predominantly a shallow water record. Less well known are the small-shelled deep-water (>
|
||
<quantity id="8D689B2EFFE12925FEE2FC9DEFCBBE3C" box="[381,463,825,851]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="25" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
) pectinids and propeamussiids (mud pectens and glass scallops). They are the most abundant bivalves in the Keasey fauna. However, they are seldom collected and poorly represented in museum collections because the thin translucent shells are fragile and often crushed. They often occur in dense but highly localized aggregations (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFE12925FBF6FEEAEAFEBC07" box="[1129,1274,333,360]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="25.[112,187,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[111,1521,917,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-285@25.[111,1521,917,1836]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 15. Dense concentrations of mud pectens in matrix. A. Delectopecten keaseyorum n. sp. in silty mudstone, middle member. B. Delectopecten keaseyorum in tuffaceous siltstone. C. Delectopecten kieli n. sp. in silty mudstone with echinoid spines. D. Delectopecten kieli in silty mudstone with fish scales and bone. Scale bars= 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913513/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Fig. 15A–D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Shells in some of these assemblages are peculiarly associated with large numbers of small echinoid spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFE12925FB68FE37EB65BCC1" box="[1271,1377,403,430]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="25.[112,187,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[111,1521,917,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-285@25.[111,1521,917,1836]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 15. Dense concentrations of mud pectens in matrix. A. Delectopecten keaseyorum n. sp. in silty mudstone, middle member. B. Delectopecten keaseyorum in tuffaceous siltstone. C. Delectopecten kieli n. sp. in silty mudstone with echinoid spines. D. Delectopecten kieli in silty mudstone with fish scales and bone. Scale bars= 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913513/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
|
||
) or ambercolored fragments of fish scales (
|
||
<figureCitation id="D2AB2A4EFFE12925FB4EFE13EB39BCBE" box="[1233,1341,438,465]" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="25.[112,187,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[111,1521,917,1836]" captionTargetId="figure-285@25.[111,1521,917,1836]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="Figure 15. Dense concentrations of mud pectens in matrix. A. Delectopecten keaseyorum n. sp. in silty mudstone, middle member. B. Delectopecten keaseyorum in tuffaceous siltstone. C. Delectopecten kieli n. sp. in silty mudstone with echinoid spines. D. Delectopecten kieli in silty mudstone with fish scales and bone. Scale bars= 1cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913513" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913513/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Fig. 15D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Preservation is usually inadequate for generic and species recognition, and even when delicate ornamentation is well preserved it is difficult to photograph. Low angle illumination re- quired for photography often produces optical illusions in which negative features appear positive. Scanning Electron Microscopy contributes significantly to char- acterizing microsculpture of the new species described below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4A2F36CBFFE12925FCFFFD57EBC0BE62" blockId="25.[832,1520,195,782]" box="[864,1476,755,782]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">
|
||
<emphasis id="78E4EAD9FFE12925FCFFFD57EA60BE61" bold="true" box="[864,1124,755,782]" pageId="25" pageNumber="24">Stratigraphic range</emphasis>
|
||
—Lower Triassic–Holocene.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |