199 lines
18 KiB
XML
199 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f04c1841-68d9-4721-a182-fee61c6c985f" ID-PMC="PMC5523201" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-674-1" ID-PubMed="28824280" ID-ZBK="6B58CAA7036A4F078AA4DA14BFA99D83" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-674-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 674" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)" checkinTime="1555320290349" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tauber, Catherine A., Sosa, Francisco, Albuquerque, Gilberto S. & Tauber, Maurice J." docDate="2017" docId="A8834136D036B0D876A4EE95EBEDD59E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 674: 1-188" docOrigin="ZooKeys 674" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435" docTitle="Ungla grandispiracula Tauber, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="C33FBC0C-31C4-4EBA-B599-822EFB4DC851" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="E951072F3D22FF9CFFEEFFBC201DFFB1" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="37" updateTime="1668164468180" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Revision of the Neotropical green lacewing genus Ungla (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Tauber, Catherine A.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Sosa, Francisco</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Albuquerque, Gilberto S.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Tauber, Maurice J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>674</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>188</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.674.11435</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-674-1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">6B58CAA7036A4F078AA4DA14BFA99D83</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6B58CAA7036A4F078AA4DA14BFA99D83</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="156200986" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C33FBC0C-31C4-4EBA-B599-822EFB4DC851" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A8834136D036B0D876A4EE95EBEDD59E" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/C33FBC0C-31C4-4EBA-B599-822EFB4DC851" authority="Tauber" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla grandispiracula" order="Neuroptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">Ungla grandispiracula Tauber</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="36" pageNumber="37">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Figs 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 144b
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="start">Holotype</pageBreakToken>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
(Figs 43a, c, e, 44b, d, e, 45a, 144b). USNM, male. Colombia, Antioquia, 12 km. NW
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Medellín">Medellin</normalizedToken>
|
||
, rd to San Pedro, 15 Feb. 1983, O. S. Flint, Jr.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
The species name "
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="grandispiracula" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
" (Latin, neuter, plural) refers to the large spiracles that distinguish males of this species from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. favrei" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="favrei">U. favrei</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another Andean species of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla" order="Neuroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ungla</taxonomicName>
|
||
with which it shares many features. The word is a compound noun in apposition to the genus name (grandis, meaning
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“large”">"large"</normalizedToken>
|
||
; spiracula, meaning
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="“spiracles”">"spiracles"</normalizedToken>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Figure 43.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla grandispiracula" order="Neuroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">Ungla grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tauber, sp. n. External features, (a, b) head, prothorax, dorsal (c, d) head, frontolateral (e, f) head, frontal (all: Colombia, Antioquia, USNM; a, c, e male, holotype; b, d, f female, paratype).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Figure 44.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla grandispiracula" order="Neuroptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">Ungla grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tauber, sp. n. External features, (a) head, prothorax, mesothorax, dorsal (b) thorax, lateral (c) thorax, dorsal (d) head, ventral (e) scapes, dorsal (all: Colombia, Antioquia, USNM; a, c female, paratype; b, d, e male, holotype).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
The Andean species
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. grandispiracula" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">U. grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. favrei" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="favrei">U. favrei</taxonomicName>
|
||
are very similar externally and in many of their male abdominal features. Both have a brown or red, inverted U-shaped mark that is broken mesally, a white to cream-colored face, cream-colored antenna with longitudinal brown mark on the distal, upper surface of the scape that extends onto the pedicel, and wings with pale longitudinal veins and numerous brown crossveins. They also have enlarged abdominal spiracles and similar genitalia. However, there are subtle differences in the male abdomen that distiguish the two species: the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. grandispiracula" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">U. grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
spiracles are larger (A7: 0.25x length of S7 versus 0.15x in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. favrei" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="favrei">U. favrei</taxonomicName>
|
||
), its gonosetae are more robust, and its gonarcal bridge is narrow, uniformly rounded, and it lacks the mesal ledge that occurs in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. favrei" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="favrei">U. favrei</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Females of the two species are difficult to separate; in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. grandispiracula" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">U. grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
the frons is unmarked (variable in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. favrei" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="favrei">U. favrei</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the stripe on the dorsal surface of the scape does not extend onto the pedicel as it does in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. favrei" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="favrei">U. favrei</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Externally, this species also resembles the Argentinian
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. elbergi" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="elbergi">U. elbergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sp. n. However, the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. grandispiracula" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">U. grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
spiracles are larger than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. elbergi" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="elbergi">U. elbergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and, unlike on
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="U. elbergi" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" rank="species" species="elbergi">U. elbergi</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the two lobes of the gonosaccus are well separated mesally, and the gonosetae are borne laterally, on somewhat flattened plates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Head white to cream-colored with dark brown to black markings; vertex smooth, often shiny; inverted U-shaped marking dark brown, prominent but small, dot-like, narrowing and separated mesally, not extending anteriorly to area be
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="38" pageNumber="39" start="start">tween</pageBreakToken>
|
||
scapes; antennal fossa, area between eyes and posterior half of vertex unmarked; frons unmarked, slightly swollen laterally in males; gena with dark brown to black stripe extending from near base of eye along lateral margin of gena, most of clypeus; tentorial pits amber-colored. Antenna pale, dorsum of scape with short, brown longitudinal stripe distally, not extending onto dorsal surface of pedicel; maxillary palp with basal two segments pale, three distal segments dark brown; labial palp with basal segment pale, middle segment light brown, distal segment dark brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="39" pageNumber="40" start="start">Prothorax</pageBreakToken>
|
||
yellowish mesally, with broad, diffuse, reddish brown, longitudinal, lateral stripes, extending to lateral margin; transverse furrow in mesal region, almost reaching lateral margins; dorsal surface with thin, pale setae, sparse mesally, denser laterally. Mesothorax, metathorax marked with reddish brown laterally, yellow mesally; both with pair of brown spots on margin between prescutum and scutum (smaller on metathorax), pair of small brownish spots laterally. Measurements: head width: 1.5 mm; ratio head width: eye width: 2.3: 1; prothorax width: 1.0 mm; length: 0.5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Forewing with apex rounded, hindwing acute; membrane clear, hyaline, without fumose areas, with venation slender (female) to very slightly crassate (male); stigma lightly opaque to clear, with three to four light brown subcostal crossveins below stigma, area surrounding crossveins unmarked; longitudinal veins light green, all costal, radial crossveins brown to brownish; transverse veins in posterior sector of wing brown to pale; gradates dark brown without suffusion. First gradate vein meeting Psm. Forewing 12.6-13.7 mm long, 4.3-4.8 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 2.9: 1); height of tallest costal cell 0.7-0.8 mm (cell number 5-6); length of first intramedian cell 0.9-1.0 mm;
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">10</pageBreakToken>
|
||
-11 radial cells (closed cells between R and Rs); 4 Banksian cells (b cells), 4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
|
||
cells; 4-6 inner gradates, 6 outer gradates. Hindwing 11.4-12.3 mm long, 3.5-4.0 mm wide (ratio, L: W = 3.1-3.2: 1), 10-11 radial cells, 3 Banksian (b) cells, 4
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="b’">b'</normalizedToken>
|
||
cells, 3-4 inner gradates, 6 outer gradates.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Male</pageBreakToken>
|
||
. T9+ect relatively long (~0.5 length of T7), with dorsal invagination moderately deep (~0.5
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
dorsal length of T9+ect), margins of invagination almost straight, base rounded; dorsal margin of T9+ect straight basally, rounded distally, posterior margin of ectoproct convex, posteriorly with dorsal apodeme prominent, but without knob or extension. Abdomen with setae more or less of a single size (no short setae), relatively sparse on A7-A9; spiracles greatly enlarged (e.g., A7: spiracle diameter ~0.25
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
length of sternite). T9+ect fairly well rounded throughout, terminating distoventrally at small distal extension of dorsal apodeme, with dorsal invagination rounded, not shallow (deeper than one half distance to anterior margin of T9); area anterior to, below, and around callus cerci diffusely sclerotized, with sclerotization melding with dorsal apodeme along ventral and posteroventral margin of ectoproct; callus cerci large, ovate, circumference sclerotized throughout, but lightly dorsally; subrectal plate narrow longitudinally, bearing field of ~10 medium length setae. S8+9 fused, with line of fusion not demarcated, with distal 2/3rds of segment well sclerotized, ter
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">minus</pageBreakToken>
|
||
rounded, extending distally well beyond the tip of T9+ect; terminal setae dense, not enlarged, only few (~4) on each side with small flanges. Gonarcus (posterior view) rounded, with slight angle mesally; apodemes, bridge slender (all views), without mesal enlargement; mesal process digitiform, bending mesally (dorsal view). Mediuncus elongate, narrow, slightly bent dorsally (lateral view), with quadrate base, rounded distally, terminus without knob. Gonosaccus large, robust, with two large pouches each bearing a lateral plate with large field of robust, elongate, slightly curved gonosetae arising from large sockets (bases). Hypandrium internum not found.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Figure 45.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla grandispiracula" order="Neuroptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">Ungla grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tauber, sp. n. Wings, (a) male, holotype (b) female, paratype (all: Colombia, Antioquia, USNM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Figure 46.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla grandispiracula" order="Neuroptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">Ungla grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tauber, sp. n. Male abdomen, (a) exterior, lateral (b) segments A7-terminus, lateral (c) terminal segments, lateral (d) tergite 9+ectoproct, lateral (e) seventh segment, lateral, with enlarged spiracle (f) tergite 9+ectoproct, dorsal. c.c. callus cerci d.ap. dorsal apodeme inv dorsal invagination of T9+ectoproct sp spiracle S7 seventh sternite S8+9 fused eighth and ninth sternites T8 eighth tergite T9+e ninth tergite + ectoproct v.ap. ventral apodeme (a Colombia, Antioquia, holotype, USNM;
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="b–f">b-f</normalizedToken>
|
||
Colombia, Valle del Cauca, paratype, FSCA).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Figure 47.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Ungla" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ungla grandispiracula" order="Neuroptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandispiracula">Ungla grandispiracula</taxonomicName>
|
||
Tauber, sp. n. Male genitalia, (a) gonarcal complex, dorsofrontal, (b) gonarcus, lateral (c) gonarcal complex, dorsal, gonosaccus fully expanded (d) gonarcal complex, posterior. gsac gonosaccus g.ap. gonarcal apodeme g.br. gonarcal bridge mu mediuncus pr unarticulated process on frontal margin of gonarcal apodeme s.p. setose subanal plate (all: Colombia, Valle del Cauca, paratype, FSCA).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Known distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">COLOMBIA: States of Antioquia, Valle del Cauca.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Specimens examined</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">(in addition to holotype). 1F, same data as holotype (paratype, USNM). Colombia, Dept. of Valle [Valle del Cauca], Carretera a Biventura, Km 18, 5-10/IX/1978, M. D. Tidwell (1M, paratype, FSCA).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |