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<document id="48A1500EC3E341A6BB7D70A0DDB319E9" ENCODING="UTF8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="136d3827-356b-46c9-9e34-e1b560619de6" ID-HNS-Pub="6757" ModsDocAuthor="Brown, WL Jr.," ModsDocDate="1978" ModsDocID="6757" ModsDocOrigin="http://antbase.org/ants/publications/6757/6757.pdf" ModsDocTitle="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. Part VI. Ponerinae, tribe Ponerini, subtribe Odontomachiti. Section B. Genus Anochetus and bibliography." checkinTime="1378920127982" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Brown, WL Jr.," docDate="1978" docId="6415D6C76ECF2392C88D63211BE8C62B" docLanguage="en" docName="6757.xml" docOrigin="Studia Entomologica 20" docSource="http://antbase.org/ants/publications/6757/6757.pdf" docTitle="Anochetus bequaerti" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="604" masterDocId="6195622D95A73D1D80B80D4635AA90CB" masterDocTitle="Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. Part VI. Ponerinae, tribe Ponerini, subtribe Odontomachiti. Section B. Genus Anochetus and bibliography." masterLastPageNumber="638" masterPageNumber="549" pageNumber="603" updateTime="1694044870025" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:title id="4A29097D8C60769E3C7CE08DC3266EE9">Contributions toward a reclassification of the Formicidae. Part VI. Ponerinae, tribe Ponerini, subtribe Odontomachiti. Section B. Genus Anochetus and bibliography.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E26373FBB8B49381096BFA2654D223F3">Brown, WL Jr.,</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="6415D6C76ECF2392C88D63211BE8C62B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6284149" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100103673" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6284149" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6415D6C76ECF2392C88D63211BE8C62B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6415D6C76ECF2392C88D63211BE8C62B" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="604" pageId="54" pageNumber="603">
<subSubSection id="F0C8F6472E10F95B969939FB9CA3FC02" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E4299F77C20165B56068643DC2DBDB5D" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" type="mainText">
[30]
<taxonomicName id="4680ECBA2BE1910BB20AF87835BC76AA" ID-CoL="5V3XJ" ID-ENA="2747516" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25241" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">A. bequaerti</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="34CEF52CEBC12A702AFF8633BFD07C02" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="604" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4CE8DB0EFA2D510E7152B95E759D56EE" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" type="mainText">
is an extremely variable species that is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="808C902987BBB87747E3CC348A1AFEA5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25235" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus africanus (Mayr)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">africanus</taxonomicName>
, and shares with it the same fine striation of the vertex reaching from the frontal lobes to the nuchal carina in the middle. Usually the trunk in
<taxonomicName id="A6925E54E871D194B2596AFFD5C1CBF2" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25241" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
is black or piceous (more rarely red), with more or less coarse sculpture covering all of its dorsal surface. In the holotype, the pronotum is deeply and densely punctulate and opaque, with a few concentric rugulae superimposed around the disc, while in other samples it can be irregularly rugulose-striate (e.g., CNRS Research Station, near Makokou, Gabon, I. Lieberburg, rain forest), or reticulate-rugose, as in the
<taxonomicName id="41F2EB9D560F01FE5660FA2FDDF72DEF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:133635" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus opaciventris Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciventris">opaciventris</taxonomicName>
syntypes, discussed below, or in specimens from Lamto Field Station, south-central Cote
<normalizedToken id="643027E2D894E05E23682F61A92B5A3A" originalValue="d’Ivoire" pageId="54" pageNumber="603">d'Ivoire</normalizedToken>
(J.
<normalizedToken id="F9AD1AADFEC31A18BA47DCBF846C7465" originalValue="Lévieux" pageId="54" pageNumber="603">Levieux</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D34648A3BC3A4E5FC233DFB96B739758" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" type="mainText">The propodeal angles vary, but are often prominent, blunted subacute or sub-rectangular; the summit of the petiolar node as seen from the front is truncate or concave. Gaster brown or piceous, the first 2 terga covered at least over their anterior halves, with fine sculpture, varying from delicate, shallow reticulation to dense, moderately deep punctulation, and from shining to opaque.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7850AAFE6C24A51A43AA5CB18EC8A09D" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" type="mainText">Head usually red in color, varying from light yellowish-red, to mahogany with infuscated middle vertex; most often contrasting with darker trunk; mandibles and legs tend to be lighter, more yellowish.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="92893712375B4B9BA6282D7C98572C23" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" type="mainText">
Size ranges from about HL 1.25 to HL 1.75 mm. The larger specimens (HL&gt; 1.50 mm) correspond to the
<taxonomicName id="987629BC0A8CE88764638BA2CC623603" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:133635" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus opaciventris Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="54" pageNumber="603" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciventris">opaciventris</taxonomicName>
phenon.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E13E7A7AF9933E1630F5E06E269C88D" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" type="mainText">
<pageBreakToken id="CA719662692703F4039D0A586EB0F26C" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" start="start">A</pageBreakToken>
syntype worker from Akenge, Zaire (H. O. Lang) has HL 1.73, HW 1.37, ML 1.02, scape L 1.44, eye L 0.25 mm; Cl 79, MI 59. A worker from 39 km S of Walikale, 700 m, Zaire (E. S. Ross and R. E. Leech) measures HL 1.63, HW 1.39, ML 1.04, scape L 1.45, eye L 0.26 mm; Cl 85, MI 64. Other samples agreeing with the
<taxonomicName id="DC3BBC841AE81F189577BB8BABD55953" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:133635" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus opaciventris Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciventris">opaciventris</taxonomicName>
pattern also come from NE Zaire and the neighboring Imatong Mts. of S Sudan: above Lotti Forest, 1040 m, J. G. Myers. Besides large size and coarse sculpture - especially the opaquely punctulate gastric sculpture -
<taxonomicName id="1EDB39E02789614F2D592381B8BF70AE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:133635" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus opaciventris Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciventris">opaciventris</taxonomicName>
workers tend to have very abundant fine standing pilosity on the dorsum of head and trunk (little apparent in the
<taxonomicName id="B7BD5DEBA2EA68B7AA4F1C34C0082206" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:133635" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus opaciventris Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciventris">opaciventris</taxonomicName>
types, which were damaged samples taken from toad stomachs), whereas the smaller-sized
<normalizedToken id="2B0FBA698B9F15CE04ECB4DD015E5AE6" originalValue="«typical»" pageId="55" pageNumber="604">&quot;typical&quot;</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="24BBB38163E290BE65D58E1327F6D418" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25241" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
have only a few (6-20) coarse hairs on the trunk.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="287E87CBA720B08581ABE29480F32C28" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" type="mainText">
I am following the hypothesis that the
<taxonomicName id="A221B63790789752032675E450362148" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:133635" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus opaciventris Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaciventris">opaciventris</taxonomicName>
phenon amounts to a localized (central) allometric variant of the species A
<taxonomicName id="F6F9B2D32E4F0F41C88F025335F2FEBB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25241" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
, noting that that
<normalizedToken id="86BE5CFF2B6D834A9B4C52A45DD5CBFD" originalValue="species’" pageId="55" pageNumber="604">species'</normalizedToken>
size variation (HW 1.25 to 1.75 mm) is not very different from that of
<taxonomicName id="32AFEB31E5AB594240A36F6E88F40C95" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25235" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus africanus (Mayr)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">africanus</taxonomicName>
workers (HL 1.36 to 1.70 in MCZ material); pilosity variation is paralleled by
<taxonomicName id="EA74E520996FDBCE2872E59B5FFCBD5A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25322" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus traegaordhi Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="traegaordhi">A. traegaordhi</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9CAD644AD3EDD448FBDDA2E7654D841" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" type="mainText">
The species
<taxonomicName id="3962F7AD0B11590CAE32DDA4F1BD7B2F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:133634" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus estus Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="estus">estus</taxonomicName>
was raised by Wheeler on a single specimen [AMNH-New York] from Akenge, NE Zaire: TL 5.3, HL 1.37, HW 1.22, ML 0.76, WL 1.63 mm; Cl 89, MI 55. The type looks like some of the
<taxonomicName id="EE6F307059C65915AA4758C115E46A95" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25235" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus africanus (Mayr)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">africanus</taxonomicName>
samples from Cote
<normalizedToken id="4C202E31E6376C12DC553640DF9505E0" originalValue="d’Ivoire" pageId="55" pageNumber="604">d'Ivoire</normalizedToken>
, but the gastric dorsum is shallowly reticulate (not as Wheeler described it, &quot;very smooth and shining&quot;). This specimen might be viewed as an intergrade (hybrid?) between
<taxonomicName id="C3065E39BB6330AEEF5C614055F138A9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25235" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus africanus (Mayr)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="africanus">africanus</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7982BDC06A72066F8EEBE9206017B0D5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25241" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
, but I believe it is more likely just another variant of
<taxonomicName id="324F78C35440C9E5622041D1B2CCA472" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25241" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CDEAF6FE338D18F895471C8AD438E9E8" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" type="mainText">
Very noticeable variation also involves the length and width of the mandibles and the size
<normalizedToken id="E3D64C87C5FACC30FA94E89CCCE50C52" originalValue="òf" pageId="55" pageNumber="604">of</normalizedToken>
the compound eyes. Short mandibles (MI 60 or less) and large eyes (eye L 0.25 or more) seem to go together, and the reverse, and it is possible that a very rough negative correlation exists between these structures. Bolton (personal communication) has suggested a possible sorting of large-eyed samples into savanna habitats and smaller-eyed ones into forest zones, but the available material is equivocal in this point. In view of similar variation in some other
<taxonomicName id="802422BF4F07ED0CAD885639174B1A84" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2346" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anochetus</taxonomicName>
species and groups, though, it would be worth further study when the samples and ecological data become adequate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F9D0CBCE1E5E29C8CDFF86C23D7C20B6" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" type="mainText">
One puzzling variant, very small in size (HL 1.10, HW 1.00, ML 0.67 mm), with relatively large eyes (L 0.25 mm), is testaceous with slightly darker (yellowish-brown) gaster. The vertex is finely striate back to the nuchal carina, and even over all but the postero-lateral parts of the
<normalizedToken id="39DF3F4F92BC46A6A37949B7A5C3AA31" originalValue="«occipital»" pageId="55" pageNumber="604">&quot;occipital&quot;</normalizedToken>
lobes, as in many
<taxonomicName id="23C58F6A8BF9B38039EB46ACFB96802F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25241" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
workers. The habitus, because of the light color, somewhat recalls
<taxonomicName id="AF54309DD8DFD7BA4ECEC159C54C189A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25299" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus pellucidus Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pellucidus">pellucidus</taxonomicName>
, but the &quot;translucent look&quot; of the head and mandibles is lacking. The gastric tergum is shining but reticulate over the anterior halves of the first 2 segments.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="220850DBD8A6C36A8AE64C49AAB3D840" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" type="mainText">
This anomalous worker could be a hybrid, or an undescribed species, but it is most likely just another manifestation of the extreme variability of'A
<taxonomicName id="20D2D743711DBEBB5A7244717F18A421" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:25241" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Anochetus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Anochetus bequaerti Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="55" pageNumber="604" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bequaerti">bequaerti</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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