159 lines
17 KiB
XML
159 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="F0A51B2D56CE36EC0639B97E5F56A6F5" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3849.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2488e246-5d90-46c0-87e3-89ba0e707c60" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="286831" ID-ZooBank="C8C3BF08-F382-4016-95AA-D0F5FCE58B54" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460880937080" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hume, Julian Pender" docDate="2014" docId="03BF7E627461FFF1FF180B50FB428ABB" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03849p075.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3849 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Necropsar Gunther & Newton 1879" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FF86061A744AFFDAFF8F0918FFFD8D1C" masterDocTitle="Systematics, morphology, and ecological history of the Mascarene starlings (Aves: Sturnidae) with the description of a new genus and species from Mauritius" masterLastPageNumber="75" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1698358465268" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="9A96873ECD1EB2389B74AE9E2FE01DB0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3A736EA8C51601DD88DA666F8F0DE8E6">
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<mods:title id="CE12B526CF4BDDE25CBB9DF89E0A97D3">Systematics, morphology, and ecological history of the Mascarene starlings (Aves: Sturnidae) with the description of a new genus and species from Mauritius</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="880ACA4275968DFADB7B19B5C5A7BFD9" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D2BB00ABC841F8F94B8EF2F96B9C5D1F">Hume, Julian Pender</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1D95252C19F7F1507F47EDF6AEF314FB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="F867CB98D9A55709E9C0DF75A0850492">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="03D6EFC673A5EF5DB6C4D0337061402C">
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<mods:date id="0802F7C648B0BF892CF0D8DBB3895945">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="EA5431701EC017E11E9682AD0AAA0DBA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="108955425BFEA324929581CDB69DCA25">3849</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="4F5604A00BC28889CAEC9B6E1280A172" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="BFCA75EC79DA4F2988C51083936C7E68">1</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="E16C419DFB5DCB699F9E6AD45F5E0E38">75</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="E7D67B0DA0EF390835F3440D82459A18">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E8FE5BFD2E0B076FCB3D325BB25DF8C5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3849.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F6442C3593CE9F56E9EF8811478D2423" type="GBIF-Dataset">2488e246-5d90-46c0-87e3-89ba0e707c60</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B1F808206CB35D4A9EEFAB0FEE6A1FF0" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="9A723C462A627BF1C48CECE353D1736D" type="Zenodo-Dep">286831</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6EA7EA919285506FE05E818282A068E8" type="ZooBank">C8C3BF08-F382-4016-95AA-D0F5FCE58B54</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03BF7E627461FFF1FF180B50FB428ABB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5678740" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127669320" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5678740" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BF7E627461FFF1FF180B50FB428ABB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BF7E627461FFF1FF180B50FB428ABB" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection id="C30C9CFF7461FFF1FF180B50FD558F7E" box="[151,680,583,610]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF180B50FD558F7E" blockId="43.[151,680,583,610]" box="[151,680,583,610]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<heading id="D0E178187461FFF1FF180B50FD558F7E" bold="true" box="[151,680,583,610]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF180B50FD558F7E" bold="true" box="[151,680,583,610]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B4F77461FFF1FF610B5FFD558F7E" ID-CoL="5Y6P" authority="Gunther & Newton 1879" authorityName="Gunther & Newton" authorityYear="1879" box="[238,680,583,610]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Necropsar" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF610B5FFE968F7D" bold="true" box="[238,363,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Necropsar</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87B2857461FFF1FEFC0B50FD558F7E" author="Gunther" box="[371,680,584,610]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Gunther, A. & Newton, E. (1879) The extinct birds of Rodriguez. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 168, 423 - 437. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1098 / rstl. 1879.0043" type="journal article" year="1879">Günther & Newton 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C9CFF7461FFF1FF180B88FAD98FFE" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF180B88FB7F8FB8" blockId="43.[151,1316,654,738]" box="[151,1154,654,677]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B4F77461FFF1FF180B88FDF78FB8" ID-CoL="5Y6P" authority="Gunther & Newton, 1879" authorityName="Gunther & Newton" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,522,654,677]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Necropsar" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF180B88FEFC8FB9" box="[151,257,656,677]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Necropsar</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87B2857461FFF1FE880B96FDF78FB8" author="Gunther" box="[263,522,654,676]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Gunther, A. & Newton, E. (1879) The extinct birds of Rodriguez. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 168, 423 - 437. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1098 / rstl. 1879.0043" type="journal article" year="1879">Günther & Newton, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(ex Slater MS) 168: 427,
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<typeStatus id="54AD71D67461FFF1FC9E0B97FCC08FB8" box="[785,829,655,676]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B4F77461FFF1FC1C0B88FB818FB8" ID-CoL="747F6" box="[915,1148,654,677]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Necropsar" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rodericanus">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FC1C0B88FB818FB8" box="[915,1148,654,677]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Necropsar rodericanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF180BB5FB6B8FDF" blockId="43.[151,1316,654,738]" box="[151,1174,685,707]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF180BB5FED98FDF" box="[151,292,685,707]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Testudophaga</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87B2857461FFF1FEA50BB5FE2A8FDF" author="Hachisuka" box="[298,471,685,707]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Hachisuka, M. (1937) Extinct chough from Rodriguez. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 50, 211 - 214." type="journal article" year="1937">Hachisuka, 1937</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 212,
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<typeStatus id="54AD71D67461FFF1FDA20BB6FDA48FDF" box="[557,601,686,707]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FD210BB6FCED8FDF" box="[686,784,685,707]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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T.
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B4F77461FFF1FD480BB5FCED8FDF" authority="Hachisuka" authorityName="Hachisuka" box="[711,784,685,707]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Testudophaga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bicolor">bicolor</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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Hachisuka (=
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B4F77461FFF1FC2A0BB6FB738FDF" ID-CoL="747F6" box="[933,1166,685,707]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Necropsar" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rodericanus">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FC2A0BB6FB738FDF" box="[933,1166,685,707]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Necropsar rodericanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF180BD4FAD98FFE" blockId="43.[151,1316,654,738]" box="[151,1316,716,738]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF180BD4FEF08FFE" box="[151,269,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Rodriguites</emphasis>
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(Cowles) in
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<bibRefCitation id="EF87B2857461FFF1FE1F0BD4FDDA8FFE" author="Strahm" box="[400,551,716,738]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Strahm, W. (1989 b) (Listing of Rodriguites microcarina). Plant Red Data Book for Rodrigues. Koeltz Scientific Books, West Germany, 39 pp." type="book" year="1989" yearSuffix="b">Strahm, 1989b</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 39.
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FDFE0BD5FCFD8FFE" box="[625,768,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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,
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<typeStatus id="54AD71D67461FFF1FC830BD5FCC58FFE" box="[780,824,717,738]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B4F77461FFF1FC020BD5FB748FFE" authority="Cowles" authorityName="Cowles" box="[909,1161,716,738]" class="Mammalia" family="Muridae" genus="Rattus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microcarina">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FC020BD5FBDA8FFE" box="[909,1063,717,738]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">R. microcarina</emphasis>
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(Cowles)
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FB000BD5FAE38FFE" box="[1167,1310,716,738]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C9CFF7461FFF1FF180A16FB428ABB" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF180A16FAA38E3B" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" box="[151,1374,782,807]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF180A16FEE38E3B" bold="true" box="[151,286,782,807]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Etymology.</emphasis>
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Greek
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FEFF0A16FE478E3B" box="[368,442,782,807]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">nekros</emphasis>
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, dead and
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FDBC0A17FD998E3A" box="[563,612,783,806]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">psar</emphasis>
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, starling, in reference to the starling being known only from fossils.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF480A2AFDEE8EAB" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF480A2AFE5C8E57" bold="true" box="[199,417,818,843]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Revised diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B4F77461FFF1FE280A2CFDE18E57" box="[423,540,820,843]" class="Aves" family="Sturnidae" genus="Necropsar" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FE280A2CFDE18E57" box="[423,540,820,843]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Necropsar</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from other Mascarene sturnids by the following characters:
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF180A4FFF068E72" box="[151,251,855,878]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cranium</emphasis>
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: comparatively dorso-ventrally compressed; frontal wide; crista nuchalis transversus oval-shaped with distinct protruding prominentia cerebellaris; foramen n. optici large, larger than fonticuli orbitocraniales, which is divided into two in one specimen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0ADCFDEB8EE3" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0ADCFED98EC7" box="[197,292,964,987]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Rostrum</emphasis>
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: long and comparatively wide, with a large oval nasal opening; dorsal os nasale wide; os premaxillare robust and comparatively straight.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0D12FF168993" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0D12FECD893F" box="[197,304,1034,1059]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mandible</emphasis>
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: rostrum mandibulae wide and sharp; processus mandibulae medialis small; single small fenestra rostralis mandibulae; rostrum mandibulae deeply excavated; in lateral view, proximal ends comparatively deep and robust; processus retroarticularis robust, extended and directed medially.
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FC720D4AFB9A8977" box="[1021,1127,1106,1131]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Coracoid</emphasis>
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: small and comparatively gracile.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0D83FEA089E7" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0D83FEDD89AE" box="[197,288,1179,1202]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Sternum</emphasis>
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: processus craniolateralis long and blade-like and deflected laterally; spina externa broadly bifurcated; apex carinae extremely reduced with little extension anterior to pila carinae; carinae sterni shallow; fenestra medialis reduced.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0C1FFD0D8897" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0C1FFED18802" box="[197,300,1287,1310]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Humerus</emphasis>
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: gracile; shaft curved; tuberculum ventrale small; two tricipital fossae; tricipital fossa II not completely enclosed and separated from tricipital fossa I by medial bar; tricipital fossa I open distally communicating with tricipital fossa II; processus supracondylaris dorsalis reduced, with little proximal extension; crista deltopectoralis reduced, shallow in dorsal view.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0C8EFD8788B3" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" box="[197,634,1430,1455]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="4C16B4F77461FFF1FF4A0C8EFF0088B3" box="[197,253,1430,1455]" family="Carangidae" genus="Ulna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0C8EFF0088B3" box="[197,253,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ulna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: small and comparatively gracile.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0CA3FE8D88EB" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0CA3FE7288CE" box="[197,399,1467,1490]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Carpometacarpus</emphasis>
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: small; pronounced processus extensorius; no extension of os metacarpale minus distal to os metacarpale majus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0F1CFD0A8B7F" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0F1CFEED8B07" box="[197,272,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Femur</emphasis>
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: large and robust, particularly at proximal and distal ends; shaft straight with proximal and distal expansion; sulcus intercondylaris deeply excavated; facies articularis acetabularis comparatively large; in caudal aspect, sulcus patellaris shallow proximal to condyles.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0F76FE8D8BEF" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0F76FEBE8B9B" box="[197,323,1646,1671]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tibiotarsus</emphasis>
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: large and robust; shaft broad and expanded, particularly proximal to distal end; tuberculum retinaculi m. fibularis distinct; sulcus extensorius deeply excavated; pons supratendineus large; crista cnemialis cranialis broad and expanded; impressio ligamenti collateralis medialis deep emphasising a ridge distal to crista cnemialis cranialis.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA9CF747461FFF1FF4A0FE7FB428ABB" blockId="43.[151,1437,782,1959]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B96213667461FFF1FF4A0FE7FE828A0A" box="[197,383,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Tarsometatarsus</emphasis>
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: long and robust; shaft comparatively straight; trochleae expanded; impressio retinaculi extensorii generally without bridge, but present in one specimen (NHMUK A1475); crista medialis hypotarsi large and square-shaped; foramen vasculare distale deeply excavated; distinct ridge along facies dorsalis; fossa metatarsi I extends further proximad, with indistinct medial ridge; in ventral view, trochlea metatarsi III wide and indistinctly larger than trochlea metatarsi II; fossa parahypotarsalis medialis not situated in distinct groove.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |